MAXIMISING OLYMPIC DISTANCE TRIATHLON PERFORMANCE ...

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Maximising Athletic Performance….with air conditioningRon Clarke____________________The most important elements in anyathletic or sporting performance are:1. Skills2. Muscular capabilities3. Ability to absorb oxygen4. Mental concentration andconfidenceSkills and muscular capabilities are amatter of training sensibly, patiently andwith a purpose, combined with genericcharacteristics and appropriate upbringing.Mental concentration should bepractised as assiduously as the skilltechniques.Training, both for fitness and to enhanceskills, is too often approached haphazardly with no real purpose orconcentration. A plan should beestablished for any workout prior to itsstart, which should fit into an overallprogram. And the plan shouldincorporate a goal – be it distance/time,number of hills or efforts, or the drills.Whatever ….. fun runner or professional,it has always made sense to me thatwhen you practice you do so for areason.And I have always found that realconfidence comes from preparation.The better prepared you are the moreconfidence you will have to perform anytask.My favourite way of demonstrating thisis with comnective circles:The outer is what your body isultimately capable of – no onecan tell you where theseextremes are.The middle circle is what youbelieve your body is capable ofin its present conditionThe inner circle is what youactually achieve.As your fitness increases so do the twoinner circles expand towards the outerwith the ultimate, of course, having allthree over-lapping.The point being nobody can so controlthe mind as to free it of all inhibitions -have a look at someone having anepileptic fit, it takes three to four peopleto hold them down.There are many examples of howsometimes performance exceedsexpectations, especially wheninhibitions are overcome either by fear,or adrenaline, or determination.Examples:Ewry (Determination)Beamon (Adrenaline)Syme (Fear)For this reason I actually believe thePara-Olympics produce the mostamazing athletic performances of all.Because they know all about pain, andsuffering, and determination, and6
purpose. Interestingly they are also thefairest with the best displays ofsportsmanship.But I am here today to tell you about thethird essential requirement for successin sport.The use of oxygen has not beenunderstood sufficiently as yet, its valuehas most certainly beenunderestimated, but I can assure you allthat there is no more important elementin training than to enhance the ability ofthe body to absorb oxygen.Triathlon is the sport which hasadvanced most in recognising its valuepossibly because its participants needto be fitter than those for any otherOlympic Sport.In the main, these aerobic benefitswhich so improve performances, comefrom Hypobaric training, wherein theathlete is exposed to altitude, eithernatural or simulated, for extendedperiods of time so that their bodiesadapt to overcome this lack ofatmospheric oxygen by operating moreefficiently. Normally the process is astimulation of bone marrow byincreased EPO (which occurs when thebody is deprived of oxygen for a period)which results in more haemoglobin cellsbeing produced so that more oxygencan then be collected from the lungs anddistributed.Consequently, in my day, athletes likeSebastian Coe spent months trainingand living at altitude (Coe’s favouritelocation was St Moritz in Switzerland).More of this later.The other major use of oxygen is inaiding recovery and circulation.This technique is called Hyperbaricwhich means additional pressure.Ideally the pressure used should equatewith 2 atmospheres and needs aspecial reinforced chamber (as this istwice the normal pressure).Not only does this aid recovery frominjury dramatically, it also relaxes andaids the brain and its function, amongsta host of other benefits.I believe every athlete should, every dayimmediately after training, relax for 30minutes in a Hyperbaric chamber. Ihave no proof but I project that this alonewould improve performance by up to5%. The profound effect of Hyperbarictreatment can be seen in this shortvideo on some severely mentallydebilitated children suffering fromoxygen deprivation of the brain.[Video to be shown}Isn’t that amazing. Imagine the effect ontraining recovery and athleticperformance of fit and healthy athleteswhen it can have that sort of result withthe mentally handicapped.Now add that to the already enhancedperformance the use of Hypobarictechniques, and I calculate we canartificially produce another Said Ouvita,Damien Komen, or Haile Gebrselasse.In 1970, I predicted that for the next 5decades world distance running recordswill be the exclusive domain of themountain men.7
Page 1 and 2: Proceedings from the Gatorade Inter
Page 3 and 4: Schedule of eventsDay 1: Monday Nov
Page 8 and 9: Ever since 1980, every world record
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Page 12 and 13: Common cycling - related injuries,e
Page 14 and 15: If heat illness is not treated prop
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Page 18: the triathlon run at an unsustainab
Page 21 and 22: system in a group of triathletes.Re
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Page 25 and 26: carbohydrate diets for improvingend
Page 27 and 28: can identify problems that lead tos
Page 29 and 30: unch riding and the dynamics ofdraf
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Page 34 and 35: athletes and highlights the infancy
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Page 38 and 39: year I was ranked sixth in ITU Worl
Page 40: Guidance from high performancetriat
Page 44 and 45: Using hypobaric oxygen techniques a
Page 46 and 47: 1996) suggest treatment with hyperb
Page 48 and 49: elease, which will produce the desi
Page 51 and 52: 1994 season. Vancouver Canucksrepor
Page 54 and 55: 14 Days of Intermittent Hypoxia Doe
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and the six females all trained ins
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95HR (bpm)857565Tre-hypoxicTre-norm
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ReferencesAudran M, Gareau R, Matec
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Intermittent Hypoxic Training: A Re
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Intermittent Hypoxic Training, A Pi
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3. IHR is often accompanied bya gen
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Reliability and validity of portabl
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2Difference between repeated measur
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Stat LM3 lactate analyser3) It is a
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differences of male and female elit
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greater percentage of adipose tissu
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Table 3 Girths: descriptive data &
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greater than chest girth (t= -5.20,
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that the upper body or trunk hasdev
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study was 19.0 years, which is grea
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Training adaptation and biologicalc
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the steady state time trial (Smith
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the maximum heart rate reached byea
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Table 1. Subject characteristicsTes
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Mid Run VO 2ValuesOxygen Values (L.
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performance is expected following a
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The Lactate Index: Classification o
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Fluid losses and Voluntary Fluid In
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Table 1. Age groups in which New Ze
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study will be used to present apred
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ResultsTable 1. Mean environmental
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Figure 1 shows that path analysis o
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leg with greater total body waterwh
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2 Jeukendrup, A. E., W. H. M. Saris
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