The effects of three varied cycle leg protocols on selfpacedrun time trial performance.Bill Davoren and J. GregoryTasmanian Institue of SportIn the past, the cycling portion of an Olympic Distance Triathlon(ODT) was typically performed at steady state power outputs.However, with the advent of drafting and the inclusion of smallerspectator friendly bike courses, the demands of the cycle leg havechanged. The purpose of this research was to investigate the effectof three varied cycle leg protocols on self-paced run time trialperformance. Subjects (n=4) completed an initial phase of testing todetermine baseline information. A 7.5 km run time trial on thetreadmill (RTT) was followed by progressive maximal run (RT) andcycle tests (CT) 72 hours later. The best run performance wasestablished using the RTT, whilst the individual anaerobic threshold(IAT), maximal power and VO 2max was recorded from the maximaltests. The subjects then completed three cycle leg protocols each of45 minutes in duration, followed immediately by another 7.5km runtime trial, with a minimum of 72 hours recovery between testingprotocols. This bike-run combination is referred to as a BRICK. Thethree protocols were conducted in a randomised counter-balancedmanner and included: a simulated draft time trial (BRICK DRT ), a selfpaced steady state time trial (BRICK ITT ) and a variable power outputtime trial (BRICK ITU ). Compared to the control RTT, the resultsdemonstrated for all BRICK running protocols significantly lower(p
the steady state time trial (Smith etal., 1997; Hausswirth et al., 1999).Hence, the effects of these changeson subsequent run performance arestill not fully understood.The cycle leg, represents the largestproportion of the total race duration ofthe ODT (>50%). With regard to draftlegal events, anecdotally the effectappears to have reduced theimportance of the cycle leg in theoutcome. The draft legal ODT hasbeen described as a ‘wet run,’ deemphasisingthe place of the cycleleg. The inclusion of tight streetcircuits has also changed the natureof the conventional cycle leg. Recentdata collected from the InternationalTriathlon Union race over theproposed Sydney 2000 Olympiccourse, reveals large variations inpower output, more in line withcriterium massed start cycle events(Smith et al. 1997).In contrast, the traditional 40 kmindividual time trial (ITT) eventrequires a steady state power output.Power at anaerobic threshold (AT)and maximum power, obtained froman incremental cycle test, arepositively correlated to 40 km ITTtime (Coyle et al., 1991; Hawley andNoakes, 1997).The effect of drafting on cyclingperformance has been assessed byPalmer et al., (1997). They comparedthe time to ride a 20 km ITT followinga 150 minute ride which was either ata constant load (58% of peak poweroutput), representing a draft ride, or avariable power output ride (meanpower of 58% of peak power varyingby ± 12%). Despite similar total workand heart rates, the 20 km ITT timefollowing the steady state draft ridewas significantly faster than thevariable power output protocol. In astudy on the effect of drafting during atriathlon bike leg, Hausswirth et al.(1999) reported a rise in cadence byapproximately 6.3%, a 47% decreasein blood lactate response (BLC) anda reduction in VO 2 of 14%. Thiseffect is not surprising given thereduction in energy expenditure of26% when behind a single rider andup to 39 % sitting in a group of riders(McCole et al., 1990). According toHausswirth et al. (1999) the effect ofthe draft bike leg improved 5 kmrunning speed compared with the nodraft mode (17.8 vs 17.1 km . hr -1 ) andfurthermore, increased thephysiological values of VO 2 , HR andBLC during the draft run leg.The decision towards a ‘draft-legal’and criterium styled cycle leg hasplaced a greater importance upon theassessment of the triathlete’sphysiological and psychologicalresponses towards running. Itappears that a draft cycle leg mayprovide for a psychological readinessand reduced physiological fatiguewhich may allow the triathlete to run ata higher intensity in comparison tothat which can be attained after avariable power output cycle leg. Thisis an important consideration giventhat it has already been wellestablished that the running portion ofthe ODT is the most difficult of thethree segments to complete.Given the support that a non draftcycle triathlon is more demandingthan a draft triathlon, the principalpurpose of this study was toinvestigate the effects of differingcycle leg protocols (variable poweroutput, steady state ITT and simulateddraft cycle protocols) on self-pacedtreadmill run time trial performance.89
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Proceedings from the Gatorade Inter
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Schedule of eventsDay 1: Monday Nov
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Ever since 1980, every world record
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