MAXIMISING OLYMPIC DISTANCE TRIATHLON PERFORMANCE ...

greater percentage of adipose tissuethan the senior females when the fiveway fraction results were comparedwith total mass of the triathletes.Senior male triathletes recordedsignificantly greater bone breadths forthe humerus, biacromial, chest andbiiliocristale sites, as well as theanterior-posterior chest depth,compared with their juniorcounterparts (Table 2). There were nosignificant differences in femurbreadth. Mean chest breadth of thejunior male triathletes was alsoTable 1 Body type: descriptive data & comparisons via ANOVA of seniorVs junior male and senior Vs junior female triathletesMale Triathletes Senior Junior sig Effectn = 20 n = 29 Sizevariable unit mean sd mean sdage y 27.5 3.9 19.1 1.1 *** 1.7height cm 179.8 6.2 175.7 5.6 * 0.7sitting height cm 92.8 2.4 92.1 2.9 nsphantom sitting height z -0.5 0.5 -0.1 0.6 nsheight, weight ratio z 43.2 1.0 43.3 1.2 nsmass kg 72.3 6.0 67.0 6.3 ** 0.79phantom mass z -0.4 0.5 -0.4 0.6 nsskin mass kg 4.0 0.2 3.8 0.2 ** 0.83adipose mass kg 14.6 2.1 14.3 2.6 nsmuscle mass kg 37.2 3.3 33.6 4.0 *** 0.88bone mass kg 9.0 0.7 8.5 0.8 * 0.64residual mass kg 9.4 1.0 8.1 1.1 *** 1.05skin mass / total mass % 5.5 0.2 5.7 0.3 nsadipose mass / total mass % 20.1 2.1 21.3 2.8 nsmuscle mass / total mass % 51.5 1.7 50.1 3.5 nsbone mass / total mass % 12.5 0.9 12.6 0.9 nsresidual mass / total mass % 13.0 0.2 12.0 1.1 ** 0.9sum of 8 skinfolds mm 47.4 10.4 51.5 14.8 nsendomorphy 1.9 0.6 2.3 1.0 nsmesomorphy 4.2 0.8 4.2 0.9 nsectomorphy 3.0 0.7 3.1 0.9 nsFemale Triathletes Senior Junior sig Effectn = 18 n = 20 Sizevariable unit mean sd mean sdage y 29.3 3.1 19.0 1.5 *** 1.8height cm 168.3 4.6 164.9 7.2 nssitting height cm 88.7 2.2 87.0 3.4 nsphantom sitting height z -0.1 0.4 0.0 0.4 nsheight, weight ratio z 43.2 0.9 43.0 1.2 nsmass kg 59.5 4.8 56.7 5.4 nsphantom mass z -0.4 0.4 -0.3 0.6 nsskin mass kg 3.5 0.2 3.4 0.2 nsadipose mass kg 14.5 2.1 15.3 3.0 nsmuscle mass kg 28.4 2.7 26.4 2.9 * 0.777