Suited for Spacewalking pdf - Virtual Astronaut

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d ay or tw o, Ap o llo spacesuit materials on ly had tos u rv i ve 10 to 20 hours of use. Fu t u re Mart i a ne x p l o re r s , h ow eve r, w i ll remain on the planet form a ny months to a year or more, and their suits willneed to be con s t ructed of rugged materi a l s .PurposeThis apparatus will measure the abrasion of fabricsand other suit materials exposed to simu l a t e dMartian sediment.PrincipleTest samples are placed in a rock tumbler or a speciallyconstructed tumbler similar to the one shownon the proceeding page. Simulated Martian sedimentis placed in the drum and the rotating motioncauses the sediment to abrade the samples.Materials and Tools ChecklistWooden base (12" x 24" x 1")Electric motor with pulley(use motor with low rpms)Pulley beltPlastic food jar (1 gallon)Fabric abrasion tester in use at the NASA Johnson Space Center. The whitedrum contains an inflated cylinder made from the outer fabric ofa spacesuit.The drum also contains lunar sediment simulant. An electric motor with apulley drives the drum.Four castersWood block stopsFabric samplesMasking tapeMartian sediment simulantOperationThe device shown on the previous page is a homemaderock tumbler. It is constructed from a plasticjar of the kind supplied to cafeterias and restaurantswith various food stuffs such as relishes or mayonnaise.A motor, pulley, and rubber band belt rotatethe jar. The jar rests on inverted casters and is heldin place with stops at the ends. Squares of fabricsamples are taped to the inside walls of the jar anda measured quantity of Martian sediment simulantis placed in the jar. The jar is allowed to rotate for aday or two and the fabric samples are removed forc om p a ri s on with fresh samples. R e d d i s h - b row nvolcanic rock used for landscaping can be used formaking Martian sediment simulant. Bags of therock will have small amounts of abraded sedimentat their bottoms or you can crush the rocks to a finesoil-like material. Be sure to wear eye protectionand gloves. Use a hammer to smash the rocks. Sortout and discard the larger pieces to leave just thesandy to powdery material behind.Tips• Look for an electric motor at an electric partsstore. It may also be possible to find a suitablemotor in an old appliance. Casters can beobtained at a hardware store.• Examine fabric samples for signs of wear such astears and holes. If a sample is opaque, place it onthe lighted stage of an overhead projector to lookfor holes and thin areas.• If solid materials are to be tested,do not test fabricsat the same time. The solid materials maydamage the fabric,making it difficult to interpretthe results.• Estimate the number of rotations of the "rocktumbler" jar by counting how many times the jar5 8 • Suited for Spacewalking An Activity Guide for Technology Education, Mathematics, and Science, EG- 1 9 9 8 - 0 3 - 1 1 2 - H Q
Apollo 16 astro n aut Charles M . Duke Jr. samples lunar regolith (sediment) next to the “house ro c k” in the lunar Desca rtes highlands. Very fine sediment clings to his suit.rotates in one minute. Multiply the number ofminutes the jar has been rotated by the numberof rotations per minute.• M o re student intera c t i on with the activity ca ntake place if the motor-dri ven apparatus isreplaced with just a jar. E a ch day for a week ortw o, students spend a few minutes shaking androtating the jar and counting the number of times.Extensions• Devise testing procedures to measure the abrasionof the fabric on fabric in places on the spacesuitwhere fabric rubs against itself (underarms,crotch, etc.).Suited for Spacewalking An Activity Guide for Technology Education, Mathematics, and Science, EG-1998-03-112-HQ • 5 9
Page 1:
National Aeronauticsand Space Admin
Page 6 and 7:
National Education StandardsThe act
Page 8 and 9:
National Mathematics StandardsNatio
Page 10 and 11: M e a s u r e m e n tThis activity
Page 12 and 13: need to be able to move arms, hands
Page 14 and 15: out in the vacuum of space.Dissolve
Page 16 and 17: Project MercuryEarly spacesuit desi
Page 18 and 19: to occur for the first time. As wit
Page 20 and 21: crew, an additional portable heat s
Page 22 and 23: and reentry, special orange-colored
Page 24 and 25: The SCU contains lines for power, c
Page 26 and 27: 17.Communications Carrier Assembly
Page 28 and 29: settings to be read. Setting number
Page 30 and 31: digital display on the chest-mounte
Page 32 and 33: Astronaut Joe Tanner works on the H
Page 34 and 35: humidity when oxygen is flowing fro
Page 36 and 37: The problem of picking up rocks and
Page 38 and 39: Bruce McCandless II pilots the MMU
Page 40 and 41: Mark C.Lee test flies the Simplifie
Page 42 and 43: STS-76 astronaut Michael R. Cliffor
Page 44 and 45: Spacesuit technicians test the mobi
Page 46 and 47: Future spacewalkers will roam the s
Page 48 and 49: Introduction:The steps spacesuit en
Page 50 and 51: Design BriefC o n t ex t :Spacesuit
Page 52 and 53: Interface Control DocumentPage 1 Of
Page 54 and 55: Pulley close-upviewthe buck e t . T
Page 56 and 57: to them. Use a metric ruler for mea
Page 58 and 59: steel would make an excellent micro
Page 63 and 64: Sleeve and Leg TesterInflated segme
Page 65 and 66: ity alone.If a scale were present,
Page 67 and 68: Exploration BriefMicrometeoroids an
Page 69 and 70: InvestigationPotato Astronaut—Par
Page 71 and 72: Exploration BriefKeeping Your CoolC
Page 73 and 74: AssessmentHave students design a gr
Page 75 and 76: InvestigationInsulating LayersIn th
Page 77 and 78: e nv i ronment experienced in Earth
Page 79 and 80: Arm Range of Movement Data SheetSub
Page 81 and 82: Body Size Range MeasurementsBased o
Page 83 and 84: ProcedureStep 1. Obtain the materia
Page 85 and 86: Magnified view oftire valve and cla
Page 87 and 88: Extensions• Compare the stiffness
Page 89 and 90: 2. Tethers4. Connector Seal TestPla
Page 91 and 92: 9. Vacuum Experiment - 1Obtain an e
Page 93 and 94: You can investigate neutral buoyanc
Page 95 and 96: MMUMercuryORUPLSSRegolithRMSSCUSkyl
Page 97 and 98: NA S A’s Central Ope ra tion of R
Page 99: Suited for Spacew a l k i n gA Te a
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