Suited for Spacewalking pdf - Virtual Astronaut

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InvestigationWater Cooling—Part OneSiphon from icewater bucketThis demonstration shows the principle behind theoperation of the Space Shuttle EMU liquid coolinggarment.Instead of an internal heat source (the suitwearer), the heat is provided by a strong electriclight bulb or flood lamp.Materials and Tools ChecklistTwo coffee cans with plastic lids4 meters of aquarium tubingTwo bucketsTwo thermometersDuct tapeWater (solid and liquid)Heat source (light bulb and fixture)Hole punchFlood light and fixtureProcedureStep 1. Punch a hole near the bottom of the wall of ametal coffee can. The hole should be largeenough to pass aquarium tubing through.Punch a second hole in the plastic lid ofthe canso that tubing can pass through it as well.Punch another hole in the center of the lid sothat a thermometer will fit snugly into it.Finally, punch a hole in the center of the sec -ond coffee can lid for another thermometer.Step 2. Loosely coil the aquarium tubing and place itinside the first coffee can. Use bits of tape tohold the coils to the walls and to keep themspread out evenly. Pass the lower end of thetube through the hole in the can wall and theupper end through the outer hole in the lid.The lower tube should extend to the catchbucket that will be placed below the can.Theupper end will have to reach to the bottom ofthe ice water bucket.That bucket will be ele -vated above the can.Insert thermometers intoeach can.Step 3.Step 4.Step 5.Step 6.Water flow tocatch basinPlace the two cans on a table top. Direct thelight from a strong light bulb or flood light tofall equally fall on the two cans. The lightshould be no more than about 25 centimetersaway from the cans. Fill a bucket with icewater and elevate it above the two cans.Placethe catch bucket below the two cans.Turn on the light. Observe and record thetemperatures on the two thermometers. Aftertwo minutes, again observe and record thetemperatures.Place the upper end of the aquarium tubinginto the ice water and suck on the other end ofthe tube to start a siphon flowing. Let thewater pour into the catch bucket.Observe and record the temperature ofthe twocans at regular intervals for ten minutes.Tips• If more than one student is going to start thesiphons with sucking on the end of the tube,make sanitary mouthpieces like those called forin the activity "O 2 How Much?"• Color the water with food coloring to increase itsvisibility in the siphons.7 2 • Suited for Spacewalking An Activity Guide for Technology Education, Mathematics, and Science, EG- 1 9 9 8 - 0 3 - 1 1 2 - H Q
AssessmentHave students design a graph to display the datacollected in step 6.Extensions• How can the flow of icy water be con t ro led? Find aw ay to maintain a constant tempera t u re inside the ca nwith the tubing. M ove the light source closer to the ca nso that it is heated more than before . Try to maintainthe internal tempera t u re at the same level as before .InvestigationWater Cooling —Part TwoThis demonstration permits students to experiencethe water cooling technology used in the SpaceShuttle EMU.Materials and Tools ChecklistTwo buckets3 meters of aquarium tubingWater (solid and liquid)K i t chen size plastic garbage bag (one per student)ProceduresStep 1. Distribute one plastic garbage bag to eachstudent. Have students wearing long-sleeveshirts roll up one sleeve.Step 2. Ask each student to place their bare arm insidethe bag and then gather the plastic so that itfits closely along the entire length of the bag.Tell students to repeatedly make a fist or wavetheir arm while it remains in the bag for a fortwo minutes. (Steps 1 and 2 can also be donewith plastic gloves.)Step 3. After two minutes, have students removetheir arms from the bags and observe anysensations that come with their re m o va l .Discuss what students felt. Make sure theyunderstand that a spacesuit, like the plasticbag, retains body heat. Also discuss why theira rms suddenly felt cooler with the re m o val ofthe ba gs .(Wa rm air in the bag was released andm o i s tu re from per s p i ration began evap o ra t i n g.)S tep 4. S elect a student vo l u n te er for another ex p eri -m e n t .Wrap the middle of the length of a q u a ri -um tubing around the ba re arm of the vo l u n te ers everal times.Step 5. Start a siphon flow from the ice water bucketthrough the tube. Ask the student to describefor the rest of the class the sensations he or shefeels. (See note about mouthpiece in part 1.)Extensions• Discuss how a liquid cooling garment could bec on s t ructed that could operate con t i n u o u s lywithout siphons and buckets of ice water thateventually run out.• What professions on Earth might find liquidcooled garments useful?• Design and construct a liquid cooling garmentout long underwear or Spandex® running tights.Suited for Spacewalking An Activity Guide for Technology Education, Mathematics, and Science, EG-1998-03-112-HQ • 7 3
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National Aeronauticsand Space Admin
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National Education StandardsThe act
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National Mathematics StandardsNatio
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M e a s u r e m e n tThis activity
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need to be able to move arms, hands
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out in the vacuum of space.Dissolve
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Project MercuryEarly spacesuit desi
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to occur for the first time. As wit
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crew, an additional portable heat s
Page 22 and 23: and reentry, special orange-colored
Page 24 and 25: The SCU contains lines for power, c
Page 26 and 27: 17.Communications Carrier Assembly
Page 28 and 29: settings to be read. Setting number
Page 30 and 31: digital display on the chest-mounte
Page 32 and 33: Astronaut Joe Tanner works on the H
Page 34 and 35: humidity when oxygen is flowing fro
Page 36 and 37: The problem of picking up rocks and
Page 38 and 39: Bruce McCandless II pilots the MMU
Page 40 and 41: Mark C.Lee test flies the Simplifie
Page 42 and 43: STS-76 astronaut Michael R. Cliffor
Page 44 and 45: Spacesuit technicians test the mobi
Page 46 and 47: Future spacewalkers will roam the s
Page 48 and 49: Introduction:The steps spacesuit en
Page 50 and 51: Design BriefC o n t ex t :Spacesuit
Page 52 and 53: Interface Control DocumentPage 1 Of
Page 54 and 55: Pulley close-upviewthe buck e t . T
Page 56 and 57: to them. Use a metric ruler for mea
Page 58 and 59: steel would make an excellent micro
Page 60 and 61: d ay or tw o, Ap o llo spacesuit ma
Page 63 and 64: Sleeve and Leg TesterInflated segme
Page 65 and 66: ity alone.If a scale were present,
Page 67 and 68: Exploration BriefMicrometeoroids an
Page 69 and 70: InvestigationPotato Astronaut—Par
Page 71: Exploration BriefKeeping Your CoolC
Page 75 and 76: InvestigationInsulating LayersIn th
Page 77 and 78: e nv i ronment experienced in Earth
Page 79 and 80: Arm Range of Movement Data SheetSub
Page 81 and 82: Body Size Range MeasurementsBased o
Page 83 and 84: ProcedureStep 1. Obtain the materia
Page 85 and 86: Magnified view oftire valve and cla
Page 87 and 88: Extensions• Compare the stiffness
Page 89 and 90: 2. Tethers4. Connector Seal TestPla
Page 91 and 92: 9. Vacuum Experiment - 1Obtain an e
Page 93 and 94: You can investigate neutral buoyanc
Page 95 and 96: MMUMercuryORUPLSSRegolithRMSSCUSkyl
Page 97 and 98: NA S A’s Central Ope ra tion of R
Page 99: Suited for Spacew a l k i n gA Te a
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