Suited for Spacewalking pdf - Virtual Astronaut

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Exploration BriefKeeping the Pressure OnContextWhile pre s s u re is essential to astronaut surv i v a l , t h ep re s s u re exe rted by a spacesuit does not have to matchsea level pre s s u re on Eart h .If the atmosph e re inside aspacesuit is pure ox y g e n ,a pre s s u re equal to about on et h i rd sea level pre s s u re (about 33 kilopascals) is suffici e n t . H ow eve r, s u ch low pre s s u res re q u i re a seve ra lhour oxygen pre b reathing period to eliminaten i t rogen from the spacewalker's blood stre a m . If ahigher suit operating pre s s u re can be ach i eve d , a na s t ronaut can don a suit and immediately exit thes p a c e c ra ft for a spacew a l k .O p e rating pre s s u res inside spacesuits are ach i eved byc reating some sort of pre s s u re shell around the astrona u t .The shell can be made of rigid materials or a combi n a t i on of fabrics provided they are nearly leakpro o f.The pre s s u re layer of the Space Shuttle spacesuit enca s ethe astronaut inside a human-shaped bag which has aninner layer of rubber and an outer layer of nyl on .T h erubber contains the atmosph e re and the nyl on preve n t sthe rubber from inflating beyond a pre d e t e rmined sizeand shape. Once the suit is fully inflated, a d d i t i onal gasp re s s u re supplied to the suit pushes inw a rd on thea s t ronaut providing a livable pre s s u re env i ron m e n t .Objective• To demonstrate one method for creating a workablepressure inside a spacesuit.Materials and Tools Checklist0.5 m ripstop nyl on (available in fabric store s )Sewing machineScissorsLong balloonBicycle pump with pressure gaugeSmall adjustable screw type, hose clampTire valveScrewdriverProcedureStep 1. Using two pieces of ripstop nylon,stitch a bagas shown in the pattern on the next page. Thepattern should be doubled in size. For extras tre n g t h , s t i t ch the bag tw i c e. Tu rn thestitched bag inside-out.S tep 2. Slip the nozzle of a long balloon over thefat end of the tire va l ve. Slide the other endo f the balloon inside the bag so the neck ofthe tire va l ve is aligned with the neck ofthe ba g.Suited for Spacewalking An Activity Guide for Technology Education, Mathematics, and Science, EG-1998-03-112-HQ • 8 5
Magnified view oftire valve and clampStep 3.Slide the adjustable hose clamp over the bagand tire valve necks. Tighten the clamp untilthe balloon and bag are firmly pressed againstthe tire valve neck. This will seal the balloonand bag to the valve.ActivityStep 4.Step 5.Connect the tire valve to the bicycle pump andinflate the balloon. The balloon will inflateuntil it is restrained by the bag. Additionalpumping will raise the pressure inside the bal -loon. Check the tire pressure gauge on thepump (use separate gauge if necessary) andpressurize the bag to about 35 kilopascals(5 pounds per square inch).The tire valve canbe separated from the pump so that the bagcan be passed around among the students.Discuss student observations of the stiffness ofthe pressurized bag. square inch). What prob -lems might an astronaut have wearing apressurized spacesuit?One-half size patternfor step 1Extensions• C om p a re the tech n o l o gy for pre s s u ri z i n gspacesuits to the tech n o l o gy for pre s s u ri z i n ga u t omobile tire s .8 6 • Suited for Spacewalking An Activity Guide for Technology Education, Mathematics, and Science, EG- 1 9 9 8 - 0 3 - 1 1 2 - H Q
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National Aeronauticsand Space Admin
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National Education StandardsThe act
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National Mathematics StandardsNatio
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M e a s u r e m e n tThis activity
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need to be able to move arms, hands
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out in the vacuum of space.Dissolve
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Project MercuryEarly spacesuit desi
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to occur for the first time. As wit
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crew, an additional portable heat s
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and reentry, special orange-colored
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The SCU contains lines for power, c
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17.Communications Carrier Assembly
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settings to be read. Setting number
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digital display on the chest-mounte
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Astronaut Joe Tanner works on the H
Page 34 and 35: humidity when oxygen is flowing fro
Page 36 and 37: The problem of picking up rocks and
Page 38 and 39: Bruce McCandless II pilots the MMU
Page 40 and 41: Mark C.Lee test flies the Simplifie
Page 42 and 43: STS-76 astronaut Michael R. Cliffor
Page 44 and 45: Spacesuit technicians test the mobi
Page 46 and 47: Future spacewalkers will roam the s
Page 48 and 49: Introduction:The steps spacesuit en
Page 50 and 51: Design BriefC o n t ex t :Spacesuit
Page 52 and 53: Interface Control DocumentPage 1 Of
Page 54 and 55: Pulley close-upviewthe buck e t . T
Page 56 and 57: to them. Use a metric ruler for mea
Page 58 and 59: steel would make an excellent micro
Page 60 and 61: d ay or tw o, Ap o llo spacesuit ma
Page 63 and 64: Sleeve and Leg TesterInflated segme
Page 65 and 66: ity alone.If a scale were present,
Page 67 and 68: Exploration BriefMicrometeoroids an
Page 69 and 70: InvestigationPotato Astronaut—Par
Page 71 and 72: Exploration BriefKeeping Your CoolC
Page 73 and 74: AssessmentHave students design a gr
Page 75 and 76: InvestigationInsulating LayersIn th
Page 77 and 78: e nv i ronment experienced in Earth
Page 79 and 80: Arm Range of Movement Data SheetSub
Page 81 and 82: Body Size Range MeasurementsBased o
Page 83: ProcedureStep 1. Obtain the materia
Page 87 and 88: Extensions• Compare the stiffness
Page 89 and 90: 2. Tethers4. Connector Seal TestPla
Page 91 and 92: 9. Vacuum Experiment - 1Obtain an e
Page 93 and 94: You can investigate neutral buoyanc
Page 95 and 96: MMUMercuryORUPLSSRegolithRMSSCUSkyl
Page 97 and 98: NA S A’s Central Ope ra tion of R
Page 99: Suited for Spacew a l k i n gA Te a
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