A Management Guide for Invasive Plants in Southern Forests James ...

More documents

Recommendations

Info

28Basic Spraying SystemsBasic spraying systems for broadcast treatments have the followingcomponents: (1) tank, (2) pump, (3) strainer, (4) pressure regulator,(5) pressure gauge, (6) off and on valve, and (7) nozzle(s).Additional off and on valves are placed at convenient locations andadditional strainers to protect components from undue wear. Thespray tank should be equipped with an agitation system, or sprayingredients can be mixed in a separate mixing tank. For extendedfield operations, the system must include an additional water-supplytank equipped with a pump or gravity dispensing device.Basic spraying system components for machineapplications.All-Terrain Vehicle and Recreational-Type Vehicle Mounted SprayersATV sprayers are best for selective applications in sensitive areas. Newly designed sprayers can hold 16, 24, or 40 gallonswith optional front tank add-ons for many ATV models. Models have boom and/or boomless nozzles for broadcast applicationand a hose with spray gun for spot treatments. Recreational-type vehicles (RTVs) or Gators are larger than ATVs and carrya larger amount of herbicide mixture, with a capacity of up to 150 gallons. RTVs area better option than ATVs for spraying rights-of-way and larger swaths of herbaceousplants, because the wide turn radius of RTVs makes them unsuitable for narrow areas.ATVs, with a tighter turn radius, are suited for repeated back-and-forth narrow swaths.RTV mounted sprayer with Boom-Buster nozzles.ATV mounted sprayer with front andrear tanks.Steven T. ManningATV mounted sprayer with a boom.Steven T. ManningTractor-Mounted SprayersSpray systems can be mounted on farm tractors, four-wheel drive tractors, skidders, forwarders, and crawler tractors. Tractormountedsprayers are useful for large prairie and forest restorations as well as right-of-way projects. Interchangeable attachmentsallow the operator to use the tractor for herbicide application as well as for many other attachments such as seedTractor sprayer with long boom for prairie restoration.Chad Zorndrills. Tractor-mounted tanks have a capacity of 200 to 600 gallons of spray solution pertank, supporting a much larger workload than other ground equipment. Tractors have anassortment of implements that can be used not only for spraying for invasive plant control,but disking and seeding for restoration as well.Boom Jet ® nozzle on a crawlertractor spraying kudzu.
Spray nozzle systems for tractors are usually boomless, which means the spray streams are projected from the tractor.There are several boomless nozzle systems that range greatly in price and in control of spray pattern and droplet size.The following is a list of boomless nozzle systems ranging from cheapest (with themost variable pattern and droplet control) to most expensive (with the most precisepattern and droplet control):295880 Boom Jet ® is a traditional, rugged, and inexpensive system. It consists of acluster of five spray tips mounted on a circular head. Nozzles can be changed tomatch needs. Producing a very non-uniform spray pattern and range of dropletsizes, it is useful for treating shrubby invasives when an elevated mounting cangain spray height above the canopy.The Boom Buster Nozzle is an elongated offcenternozzle of stainless steel with a gapingorifice opening from the end and runningalong the lower side. A nylon diffuser blade ispositioned in the end of the orifice where a “hardedge” is formed for long-distance ejection of thespray solution. By mounting one or two nozzlesperpendicular to the direction of tractor travel,the broad spray fans are directed to the side andbehind the spray vehicle.Boominator ® Spray Nozzle is a circular machinedstainless steel nozzle designed for left or right mounting.This configuration extends side reach and providesa wide spray pattern with approximately 15 degreeskickback under the nozzle for coverage immediatelybehind the tractor.Boom Buster nozzles.Spraying Systems Inc., 5880Boom Jet® nozzle with five tips.Spray pattern of twoBoom Buster nozzles.The Radiarc ® Sprayer is a controlled droplet applicationsystem that produces droplets of uniform size. It usesdirect electric power with rheostat adjustments tooscillate, in opposite directions, 2 circular heads of 11tips each. It combines spray pressure (about 40 poundsper square inch) and centrifugal force to produce uniformdroplets of large diameter for minimal drift.The 22 tips are evenly spaced around halfthe circular heads, producing semicircles ofradiating spray that merge through oscillationbehind and to the sides of the tractor. Spraypattern versatility is provided by a range ofspray tip sizes. The system provides uniformpattern and droplet size, and can be elevatedmounted where necessary to gain treatmentheight.Boominator® spray nozzlesizes.Boominator® spraypattern.Radiarc® Sprayer 22-tip head.Radiarc® Sprayer producesuniform large droplets.
Page 4 and 5: AcknowledgmentsThe clarity and accu
Page 6 and 7: Contents (continued)Basic Spraying
Page 9 and 10: IntroductionOnly recently has the e
Page 11 and 12: Recently escaped plants can remain
Page 13 and 14: • Formulation of coordinated cont
Page 15 and 16: Preparation always has been critica
Page 17 and 18: 9Elements and Tasks of an Invasive
Page 19 and 20: When moving cut invasive plants tha
Page 21: 4. Eradicate, control or contain, a
Page 24 and 25: 16Foliar and Soil-Active Herbicides
Page 26: 18Mixing HerbicidesAlways use clean
Page 29 and 30: 21Selective Herbicide ApplicationsA
Page 31 and 32: 23Basal Sprays and WipesBasal spray
Page 33 and 34: 25Special tree injectors are availa
Page 35: 27Soil SpotsSpots of soil-active he
Page 39 and 40: Tractor-Mounted Weed WickApplicator
Page 41 and 42: Hand clippers are useful for cuttin
Page 43 and 44: 35Skid-Steer LoadersPaul David Blak
Page 45 and 46: Attachments for bulldozers are desc
Page 47 and 48: Prescribed burn effectiveness—The
Page 49 and 50: 41Steven T. ManningCare of the herd
Page 51: Herbicide placement, as it relates
Page 54 and 55: 46Invasive TreesInvasive tree speci
Page 56 and 57: 48CamphortreeCamphortree [Cinnamomu
Page 58 and 59: 50Chinese ParasoltreeChinese paraso
Page 60 and 61: 52Paper MulberryPaper mulberry [Bro
Page 62: 54Russian OliveChris EvansPatrick B
Page 65 and 66: 57Tree-of-HeavenTree-of-heaven or a
Page 67 and 68: 59Tungoil TreeTungoil tree [Vernici
Page 69 and 70: 61Bush HoneysucklesAmurAmurAmurAmur
Page 71 and 72: 63Hen’s Eyes, Coral ArdisiaDavid
Page 74 and 75: 66Japanese KnotweedSteven T. Mannin
Page 76: 68Leatherleaf MahoniaNancy Loewenst
Page 79 and 80: 71Shrubby Nonnative LespedezasShrub
Page 81 and 82: 73Tropical Soda AppleJohn EverestCh
Page 83 and 84: Invasive VinesInvasive vines are so
Page 85 and 86: 77Five-Leaf Akebia, Chocolate VineS
Page 87 and 88:
79KudzuErwin ChamblissTed BodnerTed
Page 89 and 90:
81Nonnative WisteriasTed BodnerTed
Page 91 and 92:
83Vincas, PeriwinklesBigleaf periwi
Page 93 and 94:
85Invasive Grasses and CanesNonnati
Page 95 and 96:
87CogongrassCharles BrysonCogongras
Page 98 and 99:
90Nepalese Browntop, Japanese Stilt
Page 100 and 101:
92Weeping LovegrassWeeping lovegras
Page 102 and 103:
94Invasive ForbsForbs are broadleaf
Page 104 and 105:
96Chinese LespedezaTed BodnerChines
Page 106 and 107:
98CrownvetchCrownvetch [Securigera
Page 108 and 109:
100Nodding Plumeless Thistle, Musk
Page 111 and 112:
103Resource InformationBooksBurrrel
Page 113 and 114:
105Resource Information (continued)
Page 115 and 116:
Page 117:
Page 120 and 121:
112Appendix A —Nonnative Invasive
Page 122 and 123:
114Appendix A —Nonnative Invasive
Page 124 and 125:
116Appendix B —Nonnative Invasive
Page 126 and 127:
118Appendix C —Low-Growing Native
Page 128:
120Pesticide Precautionary Statemen
Page 131:
The Forest Service, U.S. Department
show all

A Management Guide for Invasive Plants in Southern Forests James ...

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?