MECHANISATION AUTOMATION - Esab

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Figure 2: The welding tent, including equipment, is easilymoved to the next weld, helped by its weight of just 500kg.The EN classification of OK Tubrod 15.09, T 69 4 ZP M 2 H5, indicates that it is a consumable for highstrength steel and that the weld metal hydrogen contentfalls within the lowest EN class, H5. This allows lowerpreheat temperatures than consumables with a higherhydrogen content, such as cellulosic electrodes. Thiswas visible in the welding procedure for the completeweld. During MMA welding a preheat temperature of150 ºC was maintained, whereas 100ºC was sufficientfor FCAW.The deposition rate that is obtained with FCAW isattractive. The time needed to complete one weld,installation and de-installation included is roughly onehour. Fast transportation to the next weld is aided bythe light weight of the welding tent; 500kg equipmentincluded. To NACAP, this fast task force is a welcomeasset to the automatic welding systems they utilise allover the world, and increased usage of this system isforeseen. An additional 11 km pipeline in the northernpart of The Netherlands is already planned.Figure 3: Weld appearance of the cap layer showing thetypical smooth “rutile” weld metal.About The AuthorsFrits Woldinga is Welding Technologist at NACAP, TheNetherlands. Sjabbe Datema is Sales Engineer at ESABB.V., The Netherlands.For more information contact: sjabbe.datema@esab.nl12 • Svetsaren no. 1 • 2005
Submerged arc welding of steelsfor offshore wind towersThe German renewable energy industry goes offshoreBy Rolf Paschold and Dirk Dirksen, ESAB GmbH, Solingen.Rough maritime conditions place high loadsand stresses on offshore wind turbines. Forthis reason, the mechanical characteristicsof steels and weld metals are very high.Steels with yield strength of 355 MPa arecommonly used and high wall thicknessesresult in higher weld joint volumes.Production economy makes high demandson the deposition rates of applicablewelding processes. ESAB has introduced,OK Flux 10.72, a new flux for submergedarc welding with excellent weldability andgood weld metal toughness at – 50ºC.The results of the highly productive twin-arctandem welding system are discussed.IntroductionWind at sea is stronger than on land, resulting in higherwind turbine efficiency. After erection, testing andimplementation of single offshore wind turbines, complexoffshore wind parks are now established, mainly inScandinavia. Several areas in the North and Baltic Seasare also being considered. Offshore turbines up to 5 MWare planned and the combined capacity in parks adds upto 1,500 MW, with towers of more than 100 m high.Requirements for offshore wind turbinesBefore installing wind turbines, environmental issues andrisks for and from navigation are considered. These studiesare important not only for the owners and insurancecompanies, but also for the manufacturers of offshoreenergy equipment. Some results from the technical andrisk analysis are leading to special requirements for theproduction and erection of offshore turbines. Typicalrisks for foundations and towers include:Figure 1. Examples of principles for foundations: from left to rightgravity foundation, monopile, tripod. [Source: www.sky2000.info]Figure 2. Tension leg offshore windturbine [1].Svetsaren no. 1 • 2005 • 13
Page 1 and 2: THE ESAB WELDING AND CUTTING JOURNA
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Page 9 and 10: Figure 4. Manufacturing of stainles
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Page 17 and 18: Results of mechanical testingThe we
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Page 31 and 32: Improved productivityin automated a
Page 33 and 34: A CENTURY OF INNOVATION16-pound (7
Page 35 and 36: NOMAD finalisedFigure 1. The bridge
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