A Phonemic Analysis of the Apurinã Language

V.b.V.b.Vowels (cont.)/ε/[ε] [æ] [ε] and [æ]aŋ'k y εro 'femaleoffspring'aŋ'k y æro 'femaleoffspring'a'šitε/a'šit y ε 'hesucks'εrεŋ'gʌči 'blood' ærεŋ'gʌči 'blood' pυsεn'tεkʌ 'green'nιε'rεŋgʌ 'my blood' nιæ'rεŋgʌ 'my blood' kai'ȼayε 'mountain'mit y ε'pυrι 'wide trail' mit y æ'pυrι 'wide trail' o'kiε/oki'εk y ε'scissors''k y εmʌ 'tapir' 'k y æmʌ 'tapir' abo'bεkʌ 'he has returned'okosε'garι 'she pulls it' okosæ'garι 'she pulls it'a'šεbιtι 'a little, small' a'šæbιtι 'a little, small'[æ]mεrʌ'sa·gι 'then (past)' mærʌ'sa·gι 'then (past)' nʌpʌ'wæ·rιrι 'he is good'mε'karo 'snail' mæ'karo ' snail' 'næ·'rιrι 'he is no good'æ'ræŋgʌ'i 'are you there?sæ·'mʌrι 'envira'Vowels (cont.)/ɛ̃/[ɛ̃] [æ̃] [ɛ̃] and [æ̃]o'pɛ̃ 'a bird, canção' o'pæ̃ 'a bird, canção' where their use appearso'pɛ̃·mpι 'coral snake' o'pæ̃·'mpι 'coral snake' to be consistent:ιmbʌ'ȼε·'pɛ̃·rι 'ice cold' ιmbʌ'ȼæ·'pæ̃·rι 'ice cold'[ɛ̃]εŋ'gʌnυŋkʌ 'night'tata'bɛ̃ 'umari drink'kυŋ'kυ̃ɛ̃ 'parrot''nεrεbε'tɛ̃ĩ 'ugly''εntʌ 'you(pl) look'[æ̃]æ'ræ̃ 'later on'poŋkʌmʌrʌ'pæ̃·rι'it's really red'24