Series VI: Medical Sciences – SUPPLEMENT ... - Krongres

B. BAKIR, et al: The effects of the medical functions on architecture in Süleymaniye Dar’us SIFA 73
of the ottoman DAR’us SIFAS
to use valuable stones in the Süleymaniye
social complex which is the proficiency
achievement of the famous Architect Sinan,
valuable marble columns were barged from
distant countries such as Alexandria.
The madrasahs in the south and north of
the social complex was a complex
education center with the guesthouse and
ottoman elementary primary school (fig.1).
There was a rich employee and doctor staff
in the dar’us sifa, constructions such as the
medicine madrasah, darulakakir,
guesthouse and darüzziyafe positioned as a
whole in the northwest of the mosque in a
different construction was showing the
developing madrasah understanding in the
best way.
Fig.1. Süleymaniye Complex (from Cantay)
It was normal that superior scientists
gave lectures and palace doctors were
appointed as professors to the medicine
madrasah in the most developed social
complex of the period (3). The difference
of the Ottoman Dar’us Sifas from the
Seljuk’s was the separation made in the
Dar’us sifa according to the qualifications.
While the women and men were treated in
different parts generally, in the final stages
hospitals for women and for men were also
built. Besides separating according to
sexuality, there were also different
departments in which every sickness was
treated such as dermatologic disorders,
surgical, mental, inflammatory diseases
and etc, which can be accepted as the first
samples of recent “clinic” concept (4).
Separation according to the illnesses in the
hospitals guided dar’us sifa plans, a
distinct department was made in the cellar
for the heavy mental patients who were
isolated from the other patients in the
Süleymaniye Dar’us Sifa. In the 19th
century, the pointed separation was made
and it became an institution in which just
male patients were sheltered.
Architect Sinan:
The big architect of Suleiman the
Magnificent, worldwide reputated artificer
Sinan was born in 1490, in the village
A�ırnas of Gesi town in Kayseri.
According to the written sources, he was
given to the conscript boys school as a
recruit in 1512, he had become a janissary
before Sultan Selim the Stern’s 1521
Belgrad campaign and he was elected as
the Royal Architect of the palace in 1539
when he became 50 years old. It is recoded
in the sources that he made 364 works of
art throughout his life. Among these,
bridge, aqueduct, tap, fountain, tomb,
mosque, social complex consrtuctions,
bath, bazaar, madrasah, dar’us sifa and etc
took place. His fist work of art in �stanbul
was Haseki social complex and Dar’us Sifa
that he made for Hürrem Sultan. �ehzade
Mosque that he finished in 1544 when he
was 54 years old is his apprenticeship
work. Süleymaniye social complex that he
finished in 1557 when he was 67 is his
headworker piece and Edirne Selimiye
Mosque that he finished when he was 80 in
1574 is his proficiency work (5).
Doctors and Patients in Dar’us Sifa
In the 16th century, the greatest period
of Ottoman Empire, within the frame of
the new steps in the fields of science, art,
economy, education, medicine, astronomy
in Süleymaniye medicine madrasah and in
its other madrasahs, reformary superior
student educating program was carried up
by Sheikh ul-islam Musa Kazım Efendi
and Hayri Efendi which will reach up to
the 20th century in education and qualified