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Notes and ReferencesIII.Water Education and Institutional DevelopmentCapacity development for water cooperation1. UN-Water website: www.unwater.org.2. International Year of Water Cooperation 2013 website: www.watercooperation2013.org.3. Ardakanian, R., Sewilam, H., and Liebe, J. (eds), 2012, Mid-Term Proceedingson Capacity Development for the Safe Use of Wastewater in Agriculture. ACollaboration of UN-Water Members & Partners: Midterm proceedings.4. Further information on this multi-year project can be found at www.ais.unwater.org/wastewater.5. Bryant, E.A., 1991, Natural Hazards, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, England.6. Wilhite, D. A., 2011, ‘National Drought Policies: Addressing impacts and societalvulnerability’, in Sivakumar, M. V. K., Motha, R. P., Wilhite, D. A., and Qu, J. J.,2011 (eds.), Towards a Compendium on National Drought Policy: Proceedings ofan expert meeting, July 14-15, 2011, Washington DC., USA.7. Dai A., Trenberth, K.E., and Qian, T, 2004, ‘A global set of Palmer DroughtSeverity Index for 1870 to 2002: Relationship with soil moisture and effects ofsurface warming,’ in Journal of Hydrometeorology 5:1117-1130.8. Sivakumar, M. V. K., Motha, R. P., Wilhite, D. A., and Qu, J. J., 2011 (eds.),Towards a Compendium on National Drought Policy: Proceedings of an expertmeeting, July 14-15, 2011, Washington DC., USA.9. Further reading at www.ais.unwater.org/droughtmanagement.Coping with extreme weather and water-related disasters1. Takara, K. and H. Hayashi, ‘Extreme Weather and Water-Related Disasters: A KeyIssue for the Sustainability and Survivability of Our Society,’ Journal of DisasterResearch, Fuji Technology Press, Tokyo, Japan, Vol. 8, No. 1, pp. 3-6, 2013.2. See www.waterforum.jp/en/what_we_do/pages/grass_roots_activities.php#fund.3. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO),International Hydrological Programme (IHP) Eighth Phase ‘Water Security:Responses to Local, Regional, and Global Challenges’ Strategic Plan, IHP-VIII2014-2021, Final Version, August 2012.4. Takara, K., ‘Sustainability/Survivability Science for a Resilient Society Adaptableto Extreme Weather Conditions,’ Asian Journal of Environment and DisasterManagement, Research Publishing Services, Vol. 3, No. 2, pp. 123-136, 2011.The Regional Centre for Training and Water Studies of Arid and Semi-arid Zones1. International Irrigation Management Institutes, Sri Lanka An Action Plan forStrengthening Irrigation Management in Egypt. Final Report, 1995.2. Ministry of Water Resources and Irrigation, WPRP/USAID Water Policy Reviewand Integration Study. Working Paper, 2002.3. The World Bank USAID, Irrigation Training in the Public Sector, 1989.4. Ministry of Water Resources and Irrigation, Training Needs Assessment Study(Phase 1), Egypt, Water Policy Reform project, Report No. 73, 2003.5. Regional Center for Training and Water Studies, National Training Plan 2009-2010.HidroEX Foundation – an example of water cooperation1. HidroEX is a UNESCO Category II Center formally approved in October 2009and currently under development in the City of Frutal, Minas Gerais, Brazil. It willeventually offer post graduate education to students from Brazil, Latin Americaand Portuguese-speaking African nations in-line with the overall guidelines of theIHP and in coordination with UNESCO-IHE, Delft, the Netherlands.2. UNESCO, International Hydrological Programme. 2012. Draft Strategic Plan ofthe Eighth Phase of the IHP (2014-2021), IHP/IC-XX/Inf.4. Paris, 4-7 June.Application of water directives in small settlements1. Water Framework Directive: Directive 2000/60/EC; Floods Directive: Directive2007/60/EC; Renewable Energy Directive: Directive 2009/28/EC.2. Urban Waste Water Treatment Directive: Directive 91/271/EEC.Speaking so that people understand: integrated water resources managementin Guatemala1. Colom, E. 2004 The State of Water in the Naranjo River Basin, in press.2. Morataya, M., Pérez, O. 2007 Action plans for the municipalities of the UpperNaranjo River Basin, 150 pp.3. Aragón, G. 2006 Governance Report of the components under the project ‘IntegratedManagement of Water Resources in the top of the Naranjo River Basin’, in press.4. Herrera, N. 2007. Strategic Plan for the Natural Resources Coordinator of SanMarcos. 30 pp.5. Restrepo, I. 2001 Team Learning Projects and Demonstration, CINARA /UNIVALLE Cali, Colombia.Further reading:- Gil Joram, 2011 Strategy for the construction of the organizational framework forthe water management in the upper part of the Naranjo River Basin.- Mux, V. 2006. Narrative Report for the Embassy of the Kingdom of the Netherlandsin the framework of the project ‘Integrated Water Resources Management’.- Mux Caná, V. L.; Tovar, R.; Orozco, J. 2007 Building from the grassroots theguiding framework and management models for water and sanitation, Tikalia,FAUSAC.- Orozco, E. 2007 Hydrological Study of the Upper Naranjo River Basin.Integrated water resources management in Peru through shared vision planning1. ‘To the barricades: The politics of non-stop protest’. The Economist. 4December 2008.2. Lorie, M.A. and Cardwell, H.E. 2006. ‘Collaborative Modeling for WaterManagement’. Southwest Hydrology. July/August 2006. pp26-27.3. Congreso del Peru 2009. Ley de Recursos Hídricos, Ley N° 29338. Mar, 2009.IV.Financing CooperationRegional cooperation in the water and sanitation sector: Latin America and the Caribbean1. The term ‘region’ refers to the Latin American and Caribbean countries, includingIDB non-member countries.2. The MDGs consider safe or improved sources of drinking water to be piped waterservices (piped connections to a dwelling, plot or yard and other improved sourcesprotected from outdoor contamination, such as taps or public water sources, boreholeor drilled wells, protected dug wells, protected sources and rainwater collection.3. Improved sanitation includes facilities that ensure hygienic separation of humanexcreta from human contact. Among them: a toilet/latrine with a tank or siphonconnected to a piped sewer system, a septic tank or a pit latrine; a ventilatedimproved pit latrine; a pit latrine with slab; a composting toilet.4. Perroni, Alejandra et.al, Drinking water, sanitation and the MillenniumDevelopment Goals in Latin America and the Caribbean.5. Water and Sanitation Initiative of the Inter-American Development Bank, 2007.Available at: iadb.org/water.6. The Fund has two windows. One of them is directly managed by the Spanish Agencyfor International Cooperation for Development (AECID) with the recipient countries,and the other one is managed by IDB on behalf of the Spanish Government.7. Headquarters and field offices of AECID and IDB and executing entities.8. US$ 581 million of contribution of the donation fund, US$ 342 million of loansgranted by IDB and US$ 196 million of local contributions.Governance for cooperation and successful watershed conservation strategies: theWater Funds case1. www.unwater.org/statistics_pollu.html.V.Legal Framework at theNational/International LevelIntegrated water resource management – combining perspectives from law,policy and scienceThe chapter by the Dundee Centre for Water Law, Policy and Science is based on aPolicy Brief prepared for and funded by the UK National Commission for UNESCO.Community benefits achieved through developing legal frameworks at domesticand transboundary levels1. S. Burchi, M. Nanni, ‘How groundwater ownership and rights influence groundwaterintensive use management’, in Intensive Use of Groundwater – Challenges andOpportunities, R. Llamas and E. Custodio editors, Balkema, 2003, p. 230.2. S. Hendry, ‘The implementation of the Groundwater Directive in Spain – LegalAnalysis of the GENESIS case study’, in The Journal of Water Law, vol.22, issue 4(2011), p. 166.3. J. Razzaque, ‘Public participation in water governance’, in The Evolution of the Lawand Politics of Water, J. Dellapenna, J. Gupta editors, Springer, 2008, p. 362-363.4. G. de los Cobos, ‘Transboundary water resources and international law: theexample of the aquifer management of the Geneva region (Switzerland and[ 330 ]