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Ivancevic_Applied-Diff-Geom

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238 <strong>Applied</strong> <strong>Diff</strong>erential <strong>Geom</strong>etry: A Modern IntroductionClassical real Lie groups and their Lie algebras:LiegroupDescription Remarks Liealgb.SL(n, R) speciallinear group: realmatrices with determinant1O(n, R) orthogonalgroup: realorthogonal matricessimply connected,not compactif n > 1not connected,compactSO(n, R) special orthogonalconnected, com-group: real pact, for n ≥ 2:orthogonal matricesnot simply connected,with determi-nant 1for n = 3and n ≥ 5: simpleand semisimpleSpin(n) spinor group simply connected,compact,for n = 3 andn ≥ 5: simpleand semisimpleU(n) unitary group: isomorphic to S 1complex unitary for n =n−by-n matrices 1, not simply connected,compactSU(n) special unitarygroup: complexunitaryn−by-n matriceswith determinant1simply connected,compact,for n ≥ 2: simpleand semisimpleDescriptionsl(n, R) square matriceswith trace 0,with Lie bracketthe commutatorso(n, R) skew–symmetricsquare real matrices,with Liebracket the commutator;so(3, R)isisomorphicto su(2)and to R 3 withthe cross productso(n, R) skew–symmetricsquare real matrices,with Liebracket the commutatorso(n, R) skew–symmetricsquare real matrices,with Liebracket the commutatoru(n) square complexmatrices A satisfyingA = −A ∗ ,with Lie bracketthe commutatorsu(n) square complexmatrices Awith trace 0 satisfyingA = −A ∗ ,with Lie bracketthe commutatordim/Rn 2 −1n(n−1)/2n(n−1)/2n(n−1)/2n 2n 2 −1

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