Social Construction of Reality - Bad Request

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(1996) terms “outgoing arrows dominant” (p. 62) and as such were begetting implications across all four of Bolman and Deal’s (2003) frames. The resulting graphic, the product of an untidy process, distills meaning and helps to clarify understanding by focusing attention on cause and effect. Figure 11. Procedural issues function as a basic cause which begets other implications. According to Brassard, when dominant outgoing arrows are present, it means that a “basic cause, if solved, will have a spillover effect on a large number of items” (p. 62). Utilizing the interrelationship diagraphing process for analysis of archival data from The School District’s Pilot Program Evaluation brought to light the manner in which procedural issues beget human resources, political, symbolic, and structural implications. Therefore, the data reduction process brought to light an important consideration: procedural issues, if solved, can bring about improvements and benefits to the organization, particularly in terms of human resources, politics, symbolism, and structure. 71
Short Stakeholder Interviews The next step in the data collection sequence was to conduct short, defined as no longer than 20 minutes, interviews with each of the other stakeholders, all members of the superintendent’s cabinet. As with the first long interview, these interviews were tape- recorded, to “ensure everything said [was] preserved for analysis” (Merriam, 1998, p. 87). A research assistant not affiliated with The School District then transcribed the tape verbatim within two days of the interviews. Upon receipt, the transcript was returned immediately to the interviewee who confirmed its accuracy via member-checking, as recommend by Merriam. The rapid turn-around ensured that the interviewee would have the experience fresh in his or her memory when reviewing the transcript. In addition to the tape recording, notes were taken during the interview to record researcher thoughts and reactions. Open coding was performed in the following manner 1. Transcript confirmed by interviewee 2. First close reading- highlighting and making note of possible trends 3. Second close reading- open coding and tallying of words that came out as trends during first close reading 4. Open coding workbook (Appendix I) creation 5. Utilized find feature in Microsoft Word to confirm hand counts of word frequencies 6. Removed all researcher comments from transcripts so as not to skew the find process 72
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UTILIZATION-FOCUSED EVALUATION OF T
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The undersigned, appointed by the D
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The lessons I have
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fearlessness, and reminded me of wh
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Research Questions Research Methods
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LIST OF TABLES Table Page 1. Strong
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UTLIZATION-FOCUSED EVALUATION OF TH
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process-use within future evaluatio
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One leader trained by this program,
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Objectivation. Objectivation is the
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developing, innovating, or changing
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logical or sequential links among r
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Figure 1. The School District’s p
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Objectivation. This is the process
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evaluation in general) is evaluatio
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CHAPTER TWO REVIEW OF LITERATURE In
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Objectivation Legitimation OVERVIEW
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Page 37 and 38: 5. Eclectic Evaluation (1 approach
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Page 47 and 48: Institutionalization. A second proc
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Page 65 and 66: with other stakeholders (Appendix E
Page 67 and 68: Short interviews. Development of qu
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Page 71 and 72: Summary The School District had not
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Page 101 and 102: Figure 12. An organic reporting too
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Page 105 and 106: CHAPTER FIVE DISCUSSION WITH CONCLU
Page 107 and 108: Discussion of Findings Three resear
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Page 123 and 124: Denzin, N. K. & Lincoln, Y. S. (200
Page 125 and 126: Nelson, M. & Eddy, R. M. (2008). Ev
Page 127 and 128: Starratt, R. (2003). Centering educ
Page 129 and 130: 22. Accreditation and certification
Page 131 and 132: Researcher’s Name: Laura Nelson R
Page 133 and 134: The Campus Institutional Review Boa
Page 135 and 136: Short Interview Protocol Appendix E
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Second Long Interview Protocol Appe
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Appendix I Affinity Diagram 124
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Appendix K NCLB Content Analysis Di
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Appendix M School District Vision,
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Appendix O Examples of Programs- Da
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Interviewee Effective (ness) (effec
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Interviewee Perceive perception Sup
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Program Mission CSIP Value Appendix
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VITA Laura Nelson earned a B.A. in
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Social Construction of Reality - Bad Request

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