Warrawee Substation - Review of Environmental Factors

Section name here (Arial 10pt)Warrawee Substation ProjectReview of Environmental FactorsApril 2012Insert document name/title here Page 1 of 6

5. Certification of the REF 616. REF determination 627. References 64Table IndexTable 1.1 Summary of issues raised in consultation 2Table 2.1 Key features of the proposal 11Table 2.2Indicative traffic movements for constructionactivities 14Table 2.3 Construction equipment 15Table 3.1 Rating background levels 28Table 3.2 Site specific construction noise management levels 28Table 3.3 Criteria for exposure to continuous vibration 29Table 3.4Table 3.5Acceptable vibration dose values for intermittentvibration 29Transient vibration guide values - minimal risk ofcosmetic damage 30Table 3.6 Intrusiveness criteria 30Table 3.7 Amenity criteria 31Table 3.8 Predicted noise levels during construction 31Table 3.9 Sleep disturbance 33Table 3.10Rock breaker peak particle velocity (PPV) vibrationlevels (mm/s) versus distance 34Table 3.11 Operational noise levels 34Table 3.12 Clause 228 matters for consideration 49Table 3.13 Factors listed under the EPBC Act 52Table 3.14 Summary of control measures 54Figure IndexFigure 1.1 Site location 3AppendicesA Design plansB Flora and Fauna memorandumWarrawee Substation Project/Review of Environmental Factors

CDOperational noise and construction noise and vibrationassessmentAHIMS Search ResultsWarrawee Substation Project/Review of Environmental Factors

Preliminaries1. Preliminaries1.1 IntroductionThe Rail Corporation of New South Wales (RailCorp) commissioned GHD toundertake engineering and environmental investigations for the Traction SupplyUpgrade (TSU) program. The TSU Program evolved in response to predictedincreases in demands placed on the existing railway electrical network due to factorssuch as changes in train timetables, the addition of new rolling stock, and conversionof the existing fleet of rolling stock to a fully air conditioned fleet.The Warrawee substation project will form part of the TSU program, which isdelivering the upgrades to the RailCorp traction power supply system to enable thedeployment of the Waratah fleet and the concurrent transition to a 100% airconditioned fleet. The Warrawee substation project is expected to be completed by2014.1.2 LocationThe site is located on the North Shore Line, approximately 450 metres south ofWarrawee Railway Station and approximately 660 metres to the north of TurramurraStation. The site is located within the eastern side of the corridor and can be accessedvia two gates on Brentwood Avenue in the south or via a gate at Hastings Road. Thesite would be primarily accessed via the gates on Brentwood Avenue, however thegate on Hastings Road would be used during construction.The works would be contained wholly within the existing rail corridor. Road restorationworks would be undertaken outside the rail corridor.Figure 1.1 shows the location of the site in relation to Warrawee and Turramurrastations.1.3 Existing environmentThe site forms part of the operational rail corridor between Warrawee and Turramurrastations. It is adjacent to a residential area which consists of low density detacheddwellings. Knox Grammar School is also located near the site on the western side ofthe rail corridor at Warrawee Station. Further details of surrounding land uses areprovided in Section 3.10.1.The site is accessed via two existing gates located off Brentwood Avenue (furtherdetails of the surrounding road network are located in Section 3.12.1). A third gatealso has access to the site; this gate is located at Hastings Road to at the northernend of the construction compound.The site contains vegetation that generally consists of weeds or introduced species(further details of flora and fauna are located in Section 3.2.2). To the north of thesubstation site, the corridor is predominately cleared and consists of a mixture ofgrassed and gravel surfaces which provide access along the corridor north towardsWarrawee Substation Project/Review of Environmental FactorsPage 1 of 64

PreliminariesWarrawee Station and the Hastings Road access gate. Vegetation located alongBrentwood Avenue includes bamboo which assists to screen views of the rail corridorfrom residences along Brentwood Avenue.No heritage items are located on the site or are considered likely to occur on site dueto the past disturbance of the site. Further details of heritage are located in Sections3.6.1 and 3.7.1.1.4 ConsultationAs indicated in Section 1.5.1, under Clause 42 of State Environmental Planning Policy(Infrastructure) 2007 (ISEPP), RailCorp is required to notify the relevant Council andoccupiers of adjoining land and consider issues raised in responses.RailCorp will be conducting a comprehensive community consultation program toensure residents and other stakeholders close to the proposed site are fully informedabout the scope of the work involved and that they have the opportunity to providetheir feedback.Activities will include meeting with Ku-ring-gai Council, letterbox drops and face-tofaceconsultation with nearby residents.This REF contains detailed information about the type of work involved, potentialenvironmental and other impacts and mitigation strategies. The community is invitedto review the REF and to provide feedback about the project before the REF isdetermined. Table 1.1 summarises the response to issues that were raised.Table 1.1 Summary of issues raised in consultationIssueRailCorp response[To be updated after community consultation]Warrawee Substation Project/Review of Environmental FactorsPage 2 of 64

Warrawee StationWARRAWEE AVEHEYDON AVEHastingsRoad accessHASTINGS RDPIBRAC AVEYOSEFA AVETrees within constructioncompound to be removedprior to construction as partof RailCorp's maintenanceproceduresBrentwood Avenuenorthern accessBrentwood Avenuesouthern accessProposed substationPACIFIC HWYDRAFTEULBERTIE AVEWINTON STService relocationto occur here andthroughout site(enabling works)LEGENDConstruction footprintProposed site shedsand amenities compoundProposed materialsand parking areaConstruction zoneProposed substation1:1,500 (at A3)o0 5 10 20 30 40 50MetresMap Projection: Transverse MercatorHorizontal Datum: Geocentric Datum of Australia (GDA)Grid: Map Grid of Australia 1994, Zone 56N:\AU\Sydney\Projects\21\19721\GIS\Maps\MXD\21_19721_Z002_Design desktop.mxdRailcorpWarrawee SubstationWarrawee substationJob NumberRevisionDate21-19721C20 Apr 2012Figure 1.1Level 15, 133 Castlereagh Street Sydney NSW 2000 T 61 2 9239 7100 F 61 2 9239 7199 E sydmail@ghd.com.au W www.ghd.com.au© 2010. While GHD has taken care to ensure the accuracy of this product, GHD and NSW DEPARTMENT OF LANDS, GEOSCIENCE AUSTRALIA, GOOLGE EARTH PRO make no representations or warrantiesabout its accuracy, completeness or suitability for any particular purpose. GHD and NSW DEPARTMENT OF LANDS, GEOSCIENCE AUSTRALIA, GOOLGE EARTH PRO cannot accept liability of any kind (whetherin contract, tort or otherwise) for any expenses, losses, damages and/or costs (including indirect or consequential damage) which are or may be incurred as a result of the product being inaccurate, incomplete or unsuitable in any way and for any reason.Data Source: NSW Department of Lands: Cadastre - Jan 2012; Geoscience Australia: 250k Data - Jan 2012; Google image Jan 2012. Created by: qjchung

Preliminaries1.5 Statutory requirements1.5.1 State environmental planning policiesState Environmental Planning Policy (Infrastructure) 2007The aim of the State Environmental Planning Policy (Infrastructure) 2007 (ISEPP) is tofacilitate the effective delivery of infrastructure across the State by, among otherthings, improving regulatory certainty and efficiency through constant planning regimefor infrastructure and the provision of services. The ISEPP repealed a number of otherenvironmental planning instruments in relation to infrastructure.The proposal is of a type that meets the definition of an electricity transmission ordistribution network under Clause 40 of the ISEPP. Under Clause 41(1) of the ISEPP,development for the purpose of an electricity transmission or distribution network maybe carried out by or on behalf of an electricity supply authority or public authoritywithout consent on any land.As the proposal forms part of an electricity transmission or distribution network and itis to be undertaken by or on behalf of a public authority (RailCorp), the proposal ispermissible without consent under Clause 41 of the ISEPP.As consent is not required, the proposal would require assessment under Part 5 of theEP&A Act. This REF has been prepared to satisfy RailCorp’s requirements under Part5 of the EP&A Act.Under Clause 42 of ISEPP, before development of an electricity transmission ordistribution network is undertaken, the electricity supply authority or public authoritymust:give written notice of the intention to carry out the development to the council forthe area in which the land is located (unless the authority is that council) and to theoccupiers of adjoining land, andtake into consideration any response to the notice that is received within 21 daysafter the notice is given.RailCorp will notify Ku-ring-gai Council and the occupiers of adjoining land and willtake into consideration issues raised in responses (refer to Section 1.3).State Environmental Planning Policy (State and RegionalDevelopment) 2011The aims of this SEPP State and Regional Development is to:(a) to identify development that is State significant development,(b) to identify development that is State significant infrastructure and critical Statesignificant infrastructure,(c) to confer functions on joint regional planning panels to determine developmentapplications.Warrawee Substation Project/Review of Environmental FactorsPage 4 of 64

PreliminariesThe proposal is not subject to SEPP State and Regional Development as it is notState significant development, State significant infrastructure or subject todetermination by a joint regional planning panel.State Environmental Planning Policy No. 44 – Koala HabitatProtectionKu-ring-gai Council is identified as a local government area to which StateEnvironmental Planning Policy No.44 – Koala Habitat Protection applies. As outlinedin Section 3.2, the site contains limited native vegetation and is not considered torepresent koala habitat.1.5.2 Local environmental plansThe site is located within the Ku-ring-gai local government area and therefore the Kuring-gaiPlanning Scheme Ordinance (PSO) applies to the site.The provisions of ISEPP override any development consent requirements of the PSO,however the provisions of the PSO have been considered below.Ku-ring-gai Planning Scheme OrdinanceThe proposal would be undertaken within the rail corridor in which the North ShoreLine runs. Under the PSO, the rail corridor is zoned Special Uses 5(b) Railways.Within this zoning the proposal is permissible with consent under the PSO. HoweverClause 62 of the PSO states:‘Nothing in this Ordinance shall be construed as restricting or prohibiting orenabling the responsible authority to restrict or prohibit -(a) the carrying out of development of any description specified in Schedule4 to this Ordinance;(b) the use of existing buildings of the Crown; or(c) home occupations carried on in dwelling-houses.’Clause 1 of Schedule 4 states the following:‘The carrying out by persons carrying on public utility undertakings, being railwayundertakings, on land comprised in their undertakings of -(a) any development required in connection with the movement of traffic byrail, including the construction, reconstruction, alteration, maintenance andrepair of ways, works and plant;(b) the erection within the limits of a railway station of buildings for anypurpose;(c) the erection, reconstruction and alteration of buildings for railwayundertaking purposes within Zone No 5(b) outside the limits of a railwaystation;but excluding -Warrawee Substation Project/Review of Environmental FactorsPage 5 of 64

Preliminaries(i) the construction of new railways, railway stations and bridges overroads;(ii) the erection of any building on land not included in Zone No 5(b);(iii) the erection, reconstruction and alteration of buildings forpurposes other than railway undertaking outside the limits of a railwaystation and the reconstruction or alteration, so as materially to affectthe design thereof, of railway stations or bridges;(iv) the formation or alteration of any means of access to a road;(v) the erection, reconstruction and alteration of buildings for purposesother than railway undertaking purposes where such buildings havedirect access to a public place.’Despite the above clause, consent requirements under the PSO are overridden byISEPP (see Section 1.5.1).1.5.3 Ecologically sustainable developmentThe proposal has been assessed against the following four principles of ecologicallysustainable development (ESD) listed in the Protection of the EnvironmentAdministration Act 1991:The precautionary principle;The principle of inter-generational equity;The principle of biological diversity and ecological integrity; andThe principle of improved valuation of environmental resources.An assessment of compliance of the proposal with these principles is provided below.Precautionary principleThe precautionary principle states that:if there are threats of serious or irreversible environmental damage, lack of fullscientific certainty should not be used as a reason for postponing measures toprevent environmental degradation.In the application of the precautionary principle, public and private decisionsshould be guided by:(i)(ii)careful evaluation to avoid, wherever practicable, serious orirreversible damage to the environment, andan assessment of the risk-weighted consequences of variousoptionsA range of investigations have been undertaken during the preparation of this REF toensure that the potential environmental impacts are able to be understood with a highdegree of certainty. The proposal has evolved to avoid environmental impact wherepossible and control measures have been developed to minimise adverse impacts. NoWarrawee Substation Project/Review of Environmental FactorsPage 6 of 64

Preliminariescontrol measures have been deferred due to a lack of scientific certainty. Theproposal is therefore considered to be consistent with the precautionary principle.Inter-generational equityThe principle of inter-generational equity states that:the present generation should ensure that the health, diversity and productivityof the environment are maintained or enhanced for the benefit of futuregenerations.The site has undergone a high degree of disturbance by previous developmentactivities. The proposal would not result in any impacts that are likely to adverselyimpact on the health, diversity or productivity of the environment for the futuregeneration.The proposal would have significant long-term benefits as part of the upgradedrailway system. This would improve the reliability of the electricity supply to thenetwork and ensure that it is able to cater for the projected increases in demands dueto increases in the number of air-conditioned rolling stock. It would also assist inimproving the operation of the railway network as a whole.The proposal would make a positive contribution to inter-generational equity byassisting to facilitate the introduction of new rolling stock on the North Shore Line andthe associated economic and environmental benefits of making rail travel moreattractive.Conservation of biological diversity and ecological integrityThe principle of biological diversity and ecological integrity states that:conservation of biological diversity and ecological integrity should be afundamental consideration.The proposal has been designed to avoid impacts on biological diversity andecological integrity wherever possible. The study area has undergone substantialurban development and impacts on flora and fauna are considered minimal. The floraand fauna present is reflective of a highly modified urban environment.Improved valuation, pricing and incentive mechanismsThe principle of improved valuation of environmental resources states that:environmental factors should be included in the valuation of assets and services,such as:(i) polluter pays – that is, those who generate pollution and waste should bearthe cost of containment, avoidance or abatement,(ii) the users of goods and services should pay prices based on the full lifecycle of costs of providing goods and services, including the use ofnatural resources and assets and the ultimate disposal of any waste,(iii) environmental goals, having been established, should be pursued in themost cost effective way, by establishing incentive structures, includingWarrawee Substation Project/Review of Environmental FactorsPage 7 of 64

Preliminariesmarket mechanisms, that enable those best placed to maximise benefitsor minimise costs to develop their own solutions and responses toenvironmental problems.The cost of environmental resources includes the costs incurred to protect theenvironment. The safeguards imposed to minimise adverse impacts would result ineconomic costs to the construction and operation of the project. This indicates thevaluation of environmental resources has been assigned.The proposal has been designed to minimise adverse impacts on the environment byconfining works to defined areas and implementing appropriate control measureswhen impacts are expected.1.5.4 Commonwealth Environmental Protection and BiodiversityConservation ActThe Commonwealth Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999(EPBC Act) prescribes the Commonwealth’s role in environmental assessment,biodiversity conservation and the management of protected areas and species,populations and communities, and heritage items. The EPBC Act applies to all land,waters, seabed and airspace in, under or above Australia.Approval under the EPBC Act is required for:An action which has, will have or is likely to have a significant impact on ‘matters ofnational environmental significance’;An action by the Commonwealth or a Commonwealth agency which has, will haveor is likely to have a significant impact on the environment;An action on Commonwealth land which has, will have or is likely to have asignificant impact on the environment; orAn action, which has, will have, or is likely to have, a significant impact on theenvironment on Commonwealth land, no matter where it is to be carried out.Where the proponent considers that an action will have or is likely to have a significantimpact on matters of national environmental significance, or on Commonwealth land,a referral is made to the Commonwealth Department of Sustainability, Environment,Water, Population and Communities (DSEWPC). The proponent may also, but is notrequired to, make a referral where they consider that the action will not have or is notlikely to have a significant impact.If it is determined through the referral process by DSEWPC that a project is likely tohave a significant impact on a matter of national environmental significance, or onCommonwealth land, then the project is a controlled action and approval from theCommonwealth Minister for the Environment, Heritage and the Arts would berequired.Warrawee Substation Project/Review of Environmental FactorsPage 8 of 64

PreliminariesMatters of National Environmental SignificanceThe EPBC Act Database was searched on the 21 February 2012. The search wascompleted for a 10 kilometre radius around the site. The results listed the followingmatters for consideration: World Heritage Properties None National Heritage Places 1 Wetlands of International Significance None Commonwealth Marine Areas None Threatened Ecological Communities 2 Threatened Species 44 Migratory Species 19An assessment of the proposal against the NES Matters is located in Section 3.18.2.This assessment concluded that there are no matters of national significance thatwould be affected as a result of this proposal. No Commonwealth land would beaffected, either directly or indirectly, as a result of the proposal. As a result, theproposal has not been referred to the DSEWPAC.1.5.5 National Parks and Wildlife Act 1974The National Parks and Wildlife Act 1974 (NPW Act) provides the basis for legalprotection and management of Aboriginal sites and objects in NSW. Theimplementation of the Aboriginal heritage provisions in the Act is the responsibility ofthe OEH. The NPW Act was amended in 2010 with the major changes relating to duediligence and liability associated with impacts on items of Aboriginal heritagesignificance.Section 86 states that:(1) A person must not harm or desecrate an object that the person knows is anAboriginal object.(2) A person must not harm an Aboriginal object.(4) A person must not harm or desecrate an Aboriginal place.(5) The offences under subsections (2) and (4) are offences of strict liability andthe defence of honest and reasonable mistake of fact applies’.Section 87 prescribes defences available under the Act which include:The harm or desecration was authorised by an Aboriginal heritage impact permit(Section 87(1)(a))The defendant exercised due diligence to determine whether the act or omissionconstituting the alleged offence would harm an Aboriginal object and reasonablydetermined that no Aboriginal object would be harmed (Section 87(2))That the act or omission constituting the alleged offence is prescribed by theregulations as a low impact act or omission (Section 87(4))Warrawee Substation Project/Review of Environmental FactorsPage 9 of 64

PreliminariesThe strict liability offence of harming Aboriginal objects has a number of defences,including the statutory defence of due diligence, which can include compliance with anadopted industry code of practice. A due diligence Aboriginal archaeologicalassessment has been undertaken for the proposal in accordance with the DECCWDue Diligence Code of Practice for the Protection of Aboriginal Objects in New SouthWales. The results of the assessment, summarised in Section 3.6, indicate that theproposal would not impact on items of Aboriginal heritage significance.1.5.6 Licences and approvalsProtection of the Environment Operations Act 1997Operation of the rail network is subject to an Environmental Protection Licence (EPL)No. 12208, issued under the Protection of the Environment Operations Act 1997. Theproposal would comply with the requirements of this licence, in addition to the generalobligations set out in the POEO Act, and would not require a variation.OtherRailCorp would determine the REF in accordance with its obligations under Part 5 ofthe EP& A Act. It is unlikely that approval would be required under any otherenvironmental planning legislation, including:Threatened Species Conservation Act 1995. Approval would not be required as theproject would not be impacted upon any threatened species or ecologicallyendangered communities.Heritage Act 1977. Approval would not be required as the project would not impactupon any State Heritage or items listed on a section 170 register.National Parks and Wildlife Act 1974. Approval would not be required as the projectwould not impact upon or is likely to impact upon any indigenous heritage items.Warrawee Substation Project/Review of Environmental FactorsPage 10 of 64

The proposal2. The proposal2.1 Proposal description2.1.1 Scope of the proposalKey features of the proposal are summarised in Table 2.1 and shown on the plansprovided in Appendix A.Table 2.1 Key features of the proposalBuilding sizeFacilities to beprovided insidethe buildingBuilding footprint of approximately 284 m 2 . The total area inwhich the substation (including building, hardstand areas, anddriveways) would be located on is approximately 1170 m 2 .The following facilities would be included in the substationbuilding: Two incoming 33kV feeders Two physically separate 33kV switchboards and associatedswitchgear Two 33kV/600V rectifier transformers Two 600V/1500V DC rectifiers Two 600V/415V auxiliary transformers One 0.5mH 4000A reactor DC circuit breaker cubicles for the following:- Two 1500V DC rectifier DC circuit breakers- Four 1500V DC feeder DC circuit breakers- One DC 1500V DC for an harmonic filter- One test bay, with spare DC circuit breakers Four three position isolating and rail connect switches in the1500V DC isolating switch area One common equipment panel One rail earth contactor panel One main negative bar for traction return, one controlnegative bar, voltmeter test rail in 1500V DC switch area andone earth bar Auxiliary power supply and reticulation via distribution board Battery room Communications services including VoIP phonesSite electrical services include site lightingEarthing of high voltage and low voltage systems andbonding of structure components.Warrawee Substation Project/Review of Environmental FactorsPage 11 of 64

The proposalBuilding formFacilitiesadjoining thebuildingUtilityconnectionsStormwatercontrols anddrainageLightingSecurityThe design provides for a skillion roof to Brentwood Avenue tovisually balance the narrow building and the relatively tall walls.Walls are face brick and would include carefully locatedpenetrations for doors and ventilation louvres. It is proposed thatexternal face bricks would be selected for resistance to graffiti,and that mortar joints would be struck flush to facilitate cleaning.A retaining wall is required at the southern end to allow evengrade levelling of the site.Transformer yardLink yardConcrete hardstand surrounding the building, providingparking and loading/unloading areas for service vehiclesTransformer and reactor compounds are proposed asconcrete blockworkAn undertrack crossing to allow conduits to be installedConnection to Council’s stormwater systemConnection to sewerRelocation of existing RailCorp services within the rail corridorThe transformer and reactor would be located within a bundedarea to be constructed in accordance with relevant AustraliaStandards and Material Safety Data Sheets. This would ensurethat any spills are contained. The bunded area would contain anoil/water separator to allow the oil to be selectively removed anddisposed of.An oil/water separator would be installed on the inlet to the pitthat would capture runoff from the bunded areas. Water wouldbe discharged to the stormwater network and oil from the pitwould be pumped out for offsite disposal.A new drainage system is proposed to divert the existing opendrain past the new substation building.External security lighting would be installed in a manner whichminimises light spill to areas beyond the site boundary.Security fencing around the substation and the bunded yardswould be compliant to RailCorp standards for substation fencing.Fencing around the substation would be 2.7 metres tall andwould be constructed of weld mesh panels. The fencing wouldbe topped with barbed tape (at bunded areas) or croctop toppingfor the remaining areas. All steel fence members are galvanisedand then finished in black powercoat.Warrawee Substation Project/Review of Environmental FactorsPage 12 of 64

The proposalAccessTwo accesses to the site from Brentwood Avenue would beprovided. These would be two concrete driveways. The southernaccess would provide access to Bunded Yard No. 1 and thesubstation building. The northern access would provide accessto Bunded Yard No. 2 and the substation building.Fuel/chemicalstorage on siteApproximately 3,100 litres of oil would be stored within thereactor.Approximately 11,000 litres of oil would be contained withinthe transformers.2.1.2 Construction activitiesConstruction methodologyThe indicative construction methodology includes the following: Site establishment (Scenario A)– Service relocation – A number of services currently traverse the site and needto be relocated either to enable construction compound to be established or tominimise potential disruptions to the services during the main constructionworks.– Site establishment/enabling works – Involves the establishment of theconstruction compound (see below for description of the compound). Thiswould also include the installation of safety fencing around the constructionarea.Piling and retaining wall works (Scenario’s B and C) – Involves the use of pilingrigs to construct the retaining walls required to hold back the existing railembankment. Retaining walls would be constructed within the embankment, withthe embankment then to be excavated in the next stage.Earthworks (Scenario D) – Involves excavating the substation site within theretaining wall structures to level the ground for construction of the substation andassociated facilities. These works would generally be undertaken usingexcavators.Pit and slab construction (Scenario E and F) – Involves constructing the slab andpits for the new substation and associated yards.Substation construction (Scenario G) – Involves the construction of the substationbuilding and the associated bunded yards atop of the slab and pits constructed inthe previous stage of construction (see above).Road pavements (Scenario H) – Involves the construction of the pavement toprovide access to the two access gates on Brentwood Avenue. As shown in Table2.3 standard paving equipment would be used during this stage.Electrical works (Scenario I) – Involves the fit out of both the indoor and outdoorcomponents of the substation site. This stage would include the connect of thesubstation to the network during a rail possession.Warrawee Substation Project/Review of Environmental FactorsPage 13 of 64

The proposalSite clean-up (Scenario J) – Involves the removal of all activities not requiredduring the operation of the substation. This would primarily be the removal of theconstruction compound.Plant and equipment to be used during each stage is outlined in the section below.Site compoundThe site compound is to be positioned within the rail corridor to the north of thesubstation site. The site would be along the existing access track which runs betweenBrentwood Avenue and Hastings Road. The compound would contain site offices andstockpiling areas. Site offices and stockpile areas would generally be positioned alongthe eastern fence line of the corridor. These areas currently contain trees, howeverscheduled RailCorp maintenance requires these trees to be removed. This treeremoval is expected to commence prior to works commencing and their removal is notpart of the proposal.Construction trafficTable 2.2 provides estimates of the number of vehicles per day which are required forparticular aspects of the proposal.Table 2.2 Indicative traffic movements for construction activitiesActivity Duration (days) Average number ofvehicles per dayMaximum numberof vehicles per daySite establishment 100 4 15Piling works 74 5 15Retaining works 16 7 20Earthworks 80 12 25External pits 21 4 15Pit and slabconstructionBund yardconstructionSubstationconstruction160 4 1580 2 1055 6 20Road pavement 8 7 15Site clean-up 20 8 20Source: RailCorp, 2011Warrawee Substation Project/Review of Environmental FactorsPage 14 of 64

The proposalPlant and equipmentTable 2.3 provides an indication of the construction plant and equipment that would berequired during particular construction scenarios. The construction scenarios outlinedin Table 2.3 are as follows:A – Site establishmentB – Piling worksC – Retaining wall worksD – EarthworksE – External pitsF – Pit and slab constructionG – Substation constructionH – Road pavementsI – Electrical works (fit out)J – Site clean-upTable 2.3 Construction equipmentConstructionequipmentEight Wheel CraneTruckConstruction scenarioA B C D E F G H I J Skid steer loader Site dumper 50 tonne crane Piling rigAgitators Rough terrain craneExcavator Bogie tipper Shotcrete pump Sweeper watertruck Concrete pump RollerWarrawee Substation Project/Review of Environmental FactorsPage 15 of 64

The proposalConstructionequipmentRoad plantWater cartConstruction scenarioA B C D E F G H I JCrane 300 tonne crane Low loader2.1.3 TimingConstruction activities are anticipated to take approximately 33 months to complete.The main civil construction activities would be completed within 24 months and theelectrical fit out would take approximately 9 months to complete.The works would be generally undertaken within the following standard constructionhours as specified by the DECC’s Interim Construction Noise Guidelines:Monday – Friday – 7am – 6pmSaturday – 8am – 1pmSunday and Public Holidays – no work.RailCorp’s operations are subject to an Environmental Protection Licence (12208)issued under the Protection of the Environment Operations Act 1997 (POEO Act).This licence requires RailCorp to advise neighbours likely to be affected by worksoutside ‘normal business hours’.Out of hours works (including Sunday’s) would be limited to scheduled trackpossession periods. These periods are when the rail corridor is shut down to allow forworks which occur within three metres of the operational tracks. Works undertakenduring track possessions may include activities such as connection to the overheadwiring system and installation of certain electrical equipment.2.2 Alternatives2.2.1 Options consideredThe “do nothing” optionThe ‘do nothing’ involves not building a new substation in the vicinity of WarraweeStation.Brentwood Avenue, WarraweeThis option involves constructing a substation within the rail corridor to the south ofWarrawee Station. Modelling of the electrical distribution network indicated that aWarrawee Substation Project/Review of Environmental FactorsPage 16 of 64

The proposalsubstation would be required in this section of the rail corridor. The selection of thissite was further constrained by existing rail infrastructure (air gaps, overlaps, trackgeometry, signals layout), availability of land of sufficient size, future planned raildevelopment and retention of adequate access past the location for ongoing trackmaintenance operations.Alternate sites within the rail corridor both north and south of the Brentwood Avenuesite were considered, however due to space being minimal and the presence ofvegetation, such sites were not considered appropriate.2.2.2 Justification of chosen optionThe ‘do nothing’ option was not considered a viable option as it would result in therebeing insufficient power supply along this section of the rail network to accommodatethe predicted future demands. This would result in substantial adverse impacts on theoperation of the rail network.The option to construct a substation at Brentwood Avenue, Warrawee is the preferredoption as it would be positioned in the section of the network which was identified inthe modelling as requiring additional coverage to ensure that the network isadequately powered. The site at Brentwood Avenue would provide adequatescreening from surrounding land uses due to vegetation located just outside the railcorridor.Warrawee Substation Project/Review of Environmental FactorsPage 17 of 64

Assessment of the environmental impacts and risks3. Assessment of the environmentalimpacts and risks3.1 Landforms, geology and soils3.1.1 Existing environmentLandformThe site is relatively steep and the rail lines are elevated above the site of theproposed substation. Land slopes down from the north (at the Hastings Road gate) tothe southern extent of the site.GeologyReference to the 1:100,000 scale Geological Series Sheet for Sydney (sheet 9130;Herbert, 1983) indicates that the study area is underlain by black to dark-grey shaleand laminite of the Wianamatta Group.SoilsThe site is located on the Glenorie soil landscape as shown on the Soil Landscapes ofthe Sydney 1:100,000 Sheet (Chapman et al, 1983). This landscape is characterisedby shallow to moderately deep red podzolic soils on crests; moderately deep red andbrown podzolic soils on upper slopes; deep yellow podzolic soils on lower slopes andhumic gleys, yellow podzolic soils and gleyed podzolic soils along drainage lines.ContaminationA search of the OEH’s Contaminated Lands Register was undertaken on 29 February2012. No contamination notices have been issued on any sites within Warrawee.Acid sulphate soilsAcid sulphate soils mapping contained on the NSW Natural Resource Atlas indicatesthat acid sulphate soils are not present in the vicinity of the site.3.1.2 Impact assessmentConstructionLandformThe proposal would require excavation into the embankment at the southernBrentwood Avenue access gate to provide the required space for the new substation.This adjustment of topography is not considered to significantly alter regionaltopography. A series of retaining walls are proposed around the substation to stabilisethe embankment.Warrawee Substation Project/Review of Environmental FactorsPage 18 of 64

Assessment of the environmental impacts and risksSoilsThe proposal would require the excavation of spoil to provide the required space forthe new substation. Spoil would be reused on site where possible. Where reuse is notfeasible, spoil would be removed from the site and disposed of to a licenced facility.Obvious signs of potential surface contamination such as dumping and discolourationof the ground surface was not identified during the site inspection for the REF. It isunderstood that the adjacent rail corridor does not include services or infrastructurethat would lead to an increased risk of contamination, such as oil-filled cables orchemical storage tanks. Based on this, it is considered that there is a low likelihood ofsignificant contamination being present on the site. Asbestos was historically used inbrake linings and it is possible that asbestos fragments may be present in the soil. Inthe event that suspected contamination is identified during construction, mitigationmeasures in Section 3.1.3 would be implemented and this would include testing toconfirm the nature of the contamination and the management and disposalrequirements in accordance with DECC's Waste Classification Guideline 2009.Erosion and sedimentationThe following construction activities have the potential to expose soils which couldpotentially cause erosion and sedimentation of surrounding land, urban areas anddrainage lines:Vegetation removalExcavation of the substation site and access roadsExcavation of trenches to relocate servicesVehicle movementsStockpilingLandscapingRehabilitation of temporary stockpiles and construction compoundThe above activities would expose soil, which has the potential to cause erosion andsedimentation and may result in issues such as degradation of water quality (seesection 3.3.2) and sedimentation of nearby waterways such as the water coursecarried under the rail corridor via a culvert, to the south of the southern extent of theworks. The impacts of erosion and sedimentation would be minimised byimplementing control measures outlined in Section 3.1.3.OperationThe proposal would not result in any impacts to topography, geology and soils duringoperation.3.1.3 Recommended control measuresThe following control measures would be implemented to minimise adverse impacts:An erosion and sedimentation control plan would be developed and incorporatedinto the Construction Environment Management Plan (CEMP). The plan wouldWarrawee Substation Project/Review of Environmental FactorsPage 19 of 64

Assessment of the environmental impacts and risksincorporate specifications outlined in the Managing Urban Stormwater, Soils &Construction, Volume 1 (Landcom 2004), identify areas requiring managementcontrols, include inspections and checklist sheets.Disturbed surfaces would be stabilised as soon as possible to minimise erosionand sedimentation.Spoil would be reused on site where possible.In the event spoil cannot be reused on site, spoil would be stored, transported,disposed of in accordance with the DECC Waste Classification Guidelines (2008).Maintenance and checking of the erosion and sedimentation controls would beundertaken on a regular basis and records would be kept and provided toregulatory authorities at any time upon request. Sediment would be cleared frombehind barriers on a regular basis and all controls would be managed in order towork effectively at all times;Any material transported onto pavement surfaces would be swept and removed asrequired.Site rehabilitation of disturbed areas would be undertaken progressively as stagesare completed.In the event that contaminated soils are encountered during construction, workwould cease and an environmental consultant would be contacted to advise on theneed for remediation or any other management actions.Disturbed areas would be restored to their natural shape where possible at thecompletion of works.3.2 EcologyAn ecology memorandum was prepared for the proposal and a copy is found inAppendix B. A summary of the assessment is provided below.3.2.1 MethodologyA desktop assessment was undertaken to identify threatened flora and fauna species,populations and ecological communities listed under the Threatened SpeciesConservation Act 1995 and Fisheries Management Act 1994, and matters of nationalenvironmental significance (MNES) listed under the EPBC Act that may be affected bythe proposal. A list of the databases searched is found in Appendix B.A site inspection was also undertaken to identify the flora and fauna species occurringon site.3.2.2 Existing environmentThe site is highly modified and shows evidence of historic clearing, soil disturbanceand reprofiling, and placement of fill and construction materials. The site is dominatedby a variety of garden ornamental and weed species, with large cleared areas alongthe railway line and access tracks.Warrawee Substation Project/Review of Environmental FactorsPage 20 of 64

Assessment of the environmental impacts and risksFloraA total of 106 flora species from 54 families were recorded during the site inspection,of which 62 were exotic. No threatened flora species were observed or are likely tooccur.Cleared grassy areas of the site occur along the railway line and access tracks andare regularly slashed or mowed to provide access and prevent encroachment ofvegetation onto the railway line. These areas are dominated by exotic grasses. Inmoist areas at the southern end of site a variety of moisture-loving grasses and semiaquaticplants become more dominant.Planted trees are located along the eastern side of the site adjacent to the fence line.The majority of these trees (to the north of the northern Brentwood Avenue accessgate) would be removed prior to the proposal under RailCorp’s maintenanceprocedures. Dense stands of Bamboo occur under these planted trees south of thenorthern Brentwood Avenue access gate. Dense thickets of Lantana and Blackberrydominate the steep slope in the south of the site, interspersed with numerous exoticshrubs and climbers.There is a thin strip of predominately native understorey species which occurs alongthe edge of the railway cutting in the north of the site. The over-storey has beencleared and the vegetation does not exceed 1 metre in height. This strip is dominatedby Spiny-headed Mat-rush and Bracken with scattered shrubs. There are a variety ofnative herbs, climbers and grasses. Given the lack of over-storey, small area andlevel of weed encroachment into this remnant it is not possible to map this area as anative vegetation community type.Noxious WeedsThe Noxious Weeds Act 2003 provides for the declaration of noxious weeds in localgovernment areas. Landowners and occupiers must control noxious weeds accordingto the control category specified in the Act. Public authorities must control noxiousweeds according to the control category to the extent necessary to prevent theirspread to adjoining land. The site contains 16 species declared as noxious weeds inthe Ku-ring-gai Local Government Area (LGA), as shown in Table 1 in Appendix B.FaunaThirteen bird species, three reptile species and two frog species were recordedopportunistically during the site visit, including two exotic bird species. No threatenedfauna species were observed: only common, generalist species typical of highlydisturbed urban areas were recorded. Habitats at the site would have limited value fornative fauna, given the degree of disturbance observed and lack of native vegetation.The Noisy Miner was the most frequently observed and apparently dominant birdspecies at the site. Other species observed were typically large birds common inurban gardens, such as the Sulphur-crested Cockatoo, Rainbow Lorikeet, and RedWattlebird. Dense stands of exotic vegetation would have potential value as shelterhabitat for small birds, but these stands are small and fragmented and would havelimited value for most bird species given the observed presence of aggressive speciessuch as the Noisy Miner.Warrawee Substation Project/Review of Environmental FactorsPage 21 of 64

Assessment of the environmental impacts and risksAreas of the site which were very damp would support small numbers of common frogspecies which were recorded during the site visit. Eastern Water Skinks were alsoobserved basking near the culvert outlets. The drainage line to the south of the siteand flooded grassy areas would provide habitat for these common, generalist frogsand reptiles and other such species able to persist in urban environments. There is nohabitat for any threatened frogs or aquatic fauna at the site.Conservation significanceThe desktop assessment highlighted the following threatened biota and MNES listedunder the TSC, FM and/or EPBC Acts which have been previously recorded or arepredicted to occur within the locality of the site:10 threatened ecological communities (10 listed under the TSC Act, three underthe EPBC Act).33 threatened flora species (32 TSC Act, 27 EPBC Act).47 threatened fauna species (44 TSC Act, one FM Act, 21 EPBC Act).one endangered population (listed under the TSC Act only).12 migratory species (listed under the EPBC Act only).one National Heritage Place (listed under the EPBC Act only).Of these, four threatened fauna and two migratory species were considered to havethe potential to occur within the site at least on occasion, based in the habitatspresent. These species are discussed below.Threatened ecological communitiesNo vegetation corresponding to a threatened ecological community was recordedwithin the site. Blue Gum High Forest, a critically endangered ecological communityunder both the TSC and EPBC Acts, is known to occur to the north of the siteadjacent to Warrawee Station (RailCorp 2004). The site may historically havesupported this threatened ecological community, but would have very limited capacityto regenerate given the historic soil disturbance and current land use and degree ofweed infestation.Threatened floraNo threatened flora species were observed during the site inspection. Most of the siteis cleared of all native vegetation and regularly mown, while areas with vegetation aredominated by weeds and garden ornamental plants and is therefore considered to beunsuitable habitat for threatened flora species. Given the degree of historic andongoing disturbance, it is considered very unlikely that any threatened flora specieswould persist within the soil seedbank at the site.Threatened faunaOf the 47 threatened fauna species highlighted by the desktop assessment, themajority are considered to be highly unlikely to occur at the site based on the habitatspresent. Four mobile threatened fauna species (Grey-headed Flying-fox, PowerfulOwl, an endangered population of the Gang-gang Cockatoo and Eastern Bentwing-Warrawee Substation Project/Review of Environmental FactorsPage 22 of 64

Assessment of the environmental impacts and risksbat) are considered to have the potential to occur at the site on an occasional oropportunistic basis, but habitats at the site would be unlikely to be important for theconservation of these species in the locality. These species are discussed inAppendix B.Migratory faunaThe site has little value for migratory species given the lack of continuous vegetationor significant habitat resources such as wetland areas or abundant fruiting and/orflowering plants. Two species of migratory birds listed under the EPBC Act wereidentified as having the potential to occur at the site, both the Fork-tailed Swift andWhite-throated Needletail are almost exclusively aerial in Australia. Individuals ofthese species may forage in aerial habitats over the site but would be unlikely to land.Both species breed in the northern hemisphere.3.2.3 Impact assessmentVegetation and habitat clearanceThe proposal would not remove any areas of native or native regrowth vegetation.The small strip of native understorey species along the edge of the railway cutting inthe north of the site would not be cleared for the proposal, this area would be fencedoff from construction activities and retained.Most of the planted trees along the fence line north of the northern Brentwood Avenueaccess are to be removed as part of RailCorp’s maintenance programs, as theyoverhang neighbouring properties and power lines.The current proposal would involve clearing small areas of exotic vegetation,predominately composed of exotic grasses, climbers and dense thickets of Lantanaand other weeds. It may also result in the removal of a small number of exotic streettrees not removed as part of maintenance activities. This vegetation has minimalhabitat value for native fauna and its removal would be highly unlikely to affect thepersistence of local populations of any native fauna species.Indirect impactsIndirect impacts on areas of native vegetation as a result of the proposal are unlikely:the site is bordered to the east and west by rail infrastructure and streets or residentialareas, and slopes away from planted native vegetation to the north. Vegetation to thesouth of the site (downslope) consists of dense weed thickets with few native plants.The proposal has the potential to impact on water quality in the unnamed drainageline to the south of the site during construction through altered hydrology and transferof sediments. These impacts would be minimised through control measures inSections 3.1.3, 3.2.4 and 3.3.3.Formalising drainage line would improve water quality in this drainage line duringoperation by reducing erosion and transport of sediment to the waterway.Warrawee Substation Project/Review of Environmental FactorsPage 23 of 64

Assessment of the environmental impacts and risksImpacts on threatened and migratory biotaThreatened ecological communitiesAs no native vegetation would be affected by the proposal, impacts on threatenedecological communities are not anticipated.Threatened floraNo threatened flora species are considered likely to occur at the site, and none arelikely to be impacted by the proposal.Threatened faunaThe proposal would not remove any roosting, nesting or breeding habitat for any ofthe four threatened species considered to have the potential to occur on the site. Noareas of native vegetation would be removed. The proposal may affect minimal areasof marginally suitable foraging habitat for these species by removing small areas ofexotic vegetation. Such habitat is extremely common throughout the locality, andhabitats at the site would represent a negligible proportion of foraging habitat availableto these highly mobile species. The proposal is therefore considered highly unlikely toaffect local populations of these species, and no assessments of significance havebeen prepared.Migratory speciesAerial habitats would not be affected by the proposal. Neither of the two migratory birdspecies considered to have the potential to occur at the site would be likely to land atthe site, therefore no impacts on migratory species are anticipated as a result of theproposal. No assessment of significance for impacts on migratory species has beenprepared.3.2.4 Recommended control measuresThe following mitigation measures are recommended to minimise potential adverseimpacts of the proposal on native biota:The small strip of native vegetation along the cutting in the north of the site shouldbe fenced prior to construction. All construction activities should be excluded fromthis area.3.3 Water quality and hydrology3.3.1 Existing environmentHydrologyAn unnamed watercourse runs in an east-west direction to the south of the site. Thiswatercourse travels beneath the rail embankment via a culvert at the southern extentof the works. This watercourse drains to the east to outside of the corridor.Warrawee Substation Project/Review of Environmental FactorsPage 24 of 64

Assessment of the environmental impacts and risksThe overland flow paths for the site drain to this watercourse. An overland flow pathwas identified in the vicinity of the site. This path was located outside the RailCorpfencing along Brentwood Avenue in amongst the bamboo. At approximately thesouthern Brentwood Avenue access, the drainage path re-enters the rail corridor andflows to the south to an existing drainage pipe which discharges to the watercoursementioned above.Water qualityWater quality in the vicinity of the site is considered to be reflective of an urbanenvironment with a number of potential pollution services in the catchment.3.3.2 Impact assessmentConstructionWater quality impacts could occur during the construction phase as a result ofpotential erosion and sedimentation following excavation activities. If unmitigated, thishas the potential to reduce the quality of stormwater draining from the site andsubsequently impact on the quality of the body receiving the stormwater. Impacts onwater quality are considered minimal due to the implementation of control measuresoutlined in Section 3.3.3.During construction, overland flows would be directed around the site to the drainageline located to the south of the site.OperationThe proposal would not significantly impact on water quality during operation. Roofwater would be diverted to the overland flow path (located to the south of the site) viathe proposed stormwater system. All chemicals, such as oils, would be stored inbunded areas that conform to relevant Australian Standards and Material Safety DataSheets to minimise the potential for spills to enter the stormwater network. An oil andwater separator would be included in the inlet to the pit collecting run off from thesebunded areas, to minimise the pollutants discharged to the drainage lines.Hydrology in the vicinity of the site would be altered during operation. The proposalwould capture stormwater prior to it entering the site and direct it around or throughthe site via pipes or at-grade drains prior to being discharged to the overland flow pathlocated to the south of the site (eventually drains to the watercourse crossing thecorridor via a culvert).3.3.3 Recommended control measuresThe following control measures would be implemented to minimise adverse impactson water quality:All fuels, chemicals, and dangerous goods would be stored away from anywaterways or drainage lines and would be stored in a temporary bund or similarwithin the site compound if practicable.Warrawee Substation Project/Review of Environmental FactorsPage 25 of 64

Assessment of the environmental impacts and risksAll staff would be inducted into the incident emergency procedures and madeaware of the location of where the emergency spill kits would be keptThe refuelling of plant and maintenance of machinery would be undertaken inimpervious bunded areas. This may involve using temporary impervious bundedareas.Machinery would be checked daily to ensure there is no oil, fuel or other liquidsleaking from the machineryExcess concrete would be scraped off equipment before being washed. Allremaining concrete residue would be collected and disposed of to a licensedlandfillVehicle wash downs and/or concrete truck washouts would be undertaken within adesignated bunded area of an impervious surface or undertaken off-siteAn incident emergency spill plan would be developed and incorporated into theCEMP. The plan would include measures to avoid spillages of fuels, chemicals,and fluids onto any surfaces or into any adjacent/nearby waterways and anemergency response plan. An emergency spill kit would be kept onsite at all times.Should a spill occur during construction, the emergency response plan would beimplemented, and the RailCorp environmental officer contacted. The Office ofEnvironment and Heritage would also be notified if the impacts of the spill areconsidered to result in material harm to the environment (as per Part 5.7 of thePOEO Act).RailCorp would investigate the feasibility of connecting the oil/water separatorwhich forms part of the proposal during construction to assist in minimising theimpacts of spills during construction.3.4 Air quality3.4.1 Existing environmentAir quality in the vicinity of the site is considered to be typical of a residential area.Local air emissions are dominated by motor vehicles along the surrounding roadnetwork. A search of the National Pollution Inventory (NPI, 2011) for Warrawee(postcode 2074) indicated that there are no registered pollutant sources in the vicinityof the site.3.4.2 Impact assessmentConstructionPotential impacts on air quality would be restricted to the construction phase andwould focus on the generation of pollens, dust and vehicle emissions. There is thepotential for pollens to be emitted due to vegetation clearance and dust to begenerated by any activity that involves excavation and ground disturbance.Warrawee Substation Project/Review of Environmental FactorsPage 26 of 64

Assessment of the environmental impacts and risksOperation of the construction plant and machinery would also generate air emissionsdue to combustion of hydrocarbons. The impacts of operating plant and machinerywould not result in any regional air quality impacts and local impacts are considered tobe minimal as the control measures outlined in Section 3.4.3 would be implemented.OperationOperation of the proposal would not affect the existing air quality, as it would not resultin any emissions to the atmosphere.3.4.3 Recommended control measuresThe following control measures would be implemented to minimise adverse impactson air quality:All equipment would be roadworthy, regularly maintained and inspected daily.Equipment used and all facilities erected would be designed and operated tocontrol the emission of smoke, dust, fumes and other pollution into the atmosphere.Excavation equipment and procedures would be selected to minimise dustgeneration, where practicable.A water cart or fixed hoses would be used to dampen exposed surfaces tominimise dust generation.Shade cloth would be fastened to the perimeter fence on the constructioncompound to minimise dust transported from the site during construction.Working areas would be stabilised as soon as practical to prevent or minimisewindblown dust.Handling areas would be maintained in a condition that minimises windblown ortraffic generated dust. Areas that may be inaccessible by water carts would be keptin a condition that minimises windblown or traffic generated dust using othermeans.All trucks would be covered when transporting material to and from the site.All construction plant and machinery would be fitted with emission control devicescomplying with Australian Design Standards.3.5 Noise and vibration3.5.1 Existing environmentSensitive receiversLand to the east and west of rail corridor is dominated by residential dwellings. Thenearest receiver to the proposal is located at 40 Brentwood Avenue, Warrawee. Thisdwelling is located on the eastern side of the corridor approximately 30 metres fromthe site.Warrawee Substation Project/Review of Environmental FactorsPage 27 of 64

Assessment of the environmental impacts and risksBackground noise levelsNoise monitoring was undertaken as part of the noise and vibration assessmentundertaken for the site. A detailed methodology of this monitoring can be found in thenoise and vibration assessment located in Appendix A. Table 3.1 outlines thebackground noise levels at the nearest residential dwelling on the eastern side of thecorridor (40 Brentwood Avenue). Table 3.1 also provides a background level ofdwellings in Winton Street on the western side of the corridor.Table 3.1 Rating background levelsLocationRating Background Level(RBL), dBAL Aeq,period (dBA)Day Evening Night Day Evening Night40 Brentwood Ave 37 40 31 53 52 514 Winton St 39 42 33 56 55 543.5.2 CriteriaConstructionTable 3.2 outlines the site specific construction noise management levels for theproposal; these were developed in accordance with the Interim Construction NoiseGuidelines (DECCW, 2009).Table 3.2 Site specific construction noise management levelsLocation Construction noise management level, L Aeq - dBA MaximumDay (7am-6pm)Out of hours(6am-7am)Weekends(7am-4pm)Brentwood Ave 47 36 42 75Winton Rd 49 38 44 75constructionnoise level,LAeq - dBACriteria for assessment of the effects of vibration on human comfort are set out inBritish Standard 6472-1992. Table 3.3, Table 3.4 and Table 3.5 outline the relevantconstruction vibration criteria for the proposal.Warrawee Substation Project/Review of Environmental FactorsPage 28 of 64

Assessment of the environmental impacts and risksTable 3.3 Criteria for exposure to continuous vibrationPlace Time Peak particle velocityPreferredMaximumCritical working area(eg hospitaloperating theatresprecisionlaboratories)Day or night time 0.14 0.28Residences Daytime 0.28 0.56Night time 0.20 0.40Offices Day or night time 0.56 1.1Workshop Day or night time 1.1 2.2Table 3.4 Acceptable vibration dose values for intermittent vibrationLocation Daytime Night timePreferredvalueMaximumvaluePreferredvalueMaximumvalueCritical areas(eg hospitaloperating theatresprecisionlaboratories)0.10 0.20 0.10 0.20Residences 0.20 0.40 0.13 0.26Offices, schools,educationalinstitutions andplaces of worship0.40 0.80 0.40 0.80Workshops 0.80 1.60 0.80 1.60Warrawee Substation Project/Review of Environmental FactorsPage 29 of 64

Assessment of the environmental impacts and risksTable 3.5 Transient vibration guide values - minimal risk of cosmetic damageType of buildingPeak component particle velocity in frequency rangeof predominant pulse4 Hz to 15 Hz 15 Hz and aboveReinforced or framedstructuresIndustrial and heavycommercial buildings50mm/s at 4 Hz and above N/AUnreinforced and lightframed structuresResidential or lightcommercial type buildings15mm/s at 4 Hz increasingto 20mm/s at 15 Hz200mm/s at 15Hzincreasing to 50mm/s at40Hz and aboveConstruction trafficThe recommended criteria for construction traffic noise during the day (7am to 10pm)is L Aeq(i1hr) 55 dBA.OperationTable 3.6 and Table 3.7 outline the intrusiveness and amenity noise criteriarespectively, these are developed in line with the NSW Industrial Noise Policy (INP).Table 3.6 Intrusiveness criteriaReceiver Time period RBL (dBA) IntrusivenessCriterionBrentwood Avenue Daytime (7am-6pm) 37 42Evening (6-10pm) 40 45Night time (10pm-7am) 31 36Winton Street Daytime (7am-6pm) 39 44Evening (6-10pm) 42 47Night time (10pm-7am) 33 38L Aeq , 15min (dBA)Warrawee Substation Project/Review of Environmental FactorsPage 30 of 64

Assessment of the environmental impacts and risksTable 3.7 Amenity criteriaReceiver Time period RBL (dBA) IntrusivenessCriterionL Aeq , 15min (dBA)Brentwood Avenue(Suburban area)Daytime (7am-6pm) 50 50Evening (6-10pm) 45 45Night time (10pm-7am) 40 40Winton Street(Suburban area)Daytime (7am-6pm) 50 50Evening (6-10pm) 45 45Night time (10pm-7am) 40 403.5.3 Impact assessmentConstructionThe majority of the proposal would be undertaken during standard work hours,however some works would be required to be undertaken during possession periodswhich would require some out of hours work. Such works would be service relocationadjacent to existing tracks and the connection of the substation to the electricitynetwork. The proposed works are to be undertaken over a period of 24 months.RailCorp will notify residents if any out of hours work is required.Predicted noise levelsTable 3.8 summarises the predicted noise levels and exceedances for differentactivities required during the proposal. Detailed results can be found in Chapter 6 ofthe noise and vibration assessment located in Appendix C.Table 3.8 Predicted noise levels during constructionActivities Street Noise criteria(dBA)Predictednoise levelrange (dBA)Exceedance range(dBA)SiteestablishmentBrentwood 37 50-57 3-10Winton 39 55-56 6-7Pilling works Brentwood 47 64-71 17-24Winton 49 69-70 20-21Warrawee Substation Project/Review of Environmental FactorsPage 31 of 64

Assessment of the environmental impacts and risksActivities Street Noise criteria(dBA)Predictednoise levelrange (dBA)Exceedance range(dBA)SuperstructureconstructionRoadpavementBrentwood 37 56-64 9-17Winton 39 60-65 11-16Brentwood 47 70-75 23-38Winton 49 64-65 15-16Hastings 47 68-79 21-32Site clean-up Brentwood 47 65-73 18-26Winton 49 69-74 20-25Fitout andcommissioningBrentwood 47/42/39 1 59-67/56-64 2 12-20/14-22/20-28 3Winton 49/44/38 1 62-67/60-65 2 13-18/16-21/22-27 3Note 1: Day Criteria/Out of hours day criteria/Out of hours night criteriaNote 2: Predicted noise levels day/Predicted noise levels nightNote 3: Exceedance day/Exceedance out of hours day/Exceedance out of hours nightThe predicted noise levels in Table 3.8 are considered to be the worst case scenariowith all plant and equipment required during these actvities operating at the sametime. This means that the true levels would mostly be lower than those in Table 3.8.While the noise levels are expected to exceed the criteria, they are predicted toremain below the highly noise affect limit of 75 dBA. These impacts would beminimised where possible through the implementation of control measures outlined inSection 3.5.4.Sleep disturbanceSome out of hours works would potentially be required between 6am and 7am. Theseworks would be related to the use of cranes and delivery trucks to deliver materialsand equipment. The use of this equipment would potentially result in sleepdisturbance.The NSW Road Noise Policy (RNP) (DECCW, 2011) indicates that where maximumlevels below 60-65dBA at a receiver are considered unlikely to cause awakeningreactions. The L Amax noise levels are predicted to exceed 60dBA at the closestresidences as shown in Table 3.9. Receivers with predicted maximum noise levelsabove 60dBA are presented in Table 3.9. At these receivers, it is likely that sleepdisturbance would occur between 6am to 7am. Control measures would therefore beimplemented to minimise the need for and frequency of activities that would beundertaken outside standard work hours and have the potential to lead to sleepdisturbance. RailCorp will notify residents if any out of hours work is required.Warrawee Substation Project/Review of Environmental FactorsPage 32 of 64

Assessment of the environmental impacts and risksTable 3.9 Sleep disturbanceWorse affectedresidentialreceiversNoise level criteria (dBA)RBLSleep distancecriterionPredicted noiselevels, L maxdBAExceedence,sleepdisturbancecriteria (dBA)38 BrentwoodAve40 BrentwoodAve51 BrentwoodAve53 BrentwoodAve55 BrentwoodAve57 BrentwoodAve59 BrentwoodAve61 BrentwoodAve63 BrentwoodAve65 BrentwoodAve31 46 62 1631 46 64 1831 46 61 1531 46 63 1731 46 65 1931 46 69 2331 46 69 2331 46 69 2331 46 66 2031 46 63 1715 Winton Rd 33 48 65 1717 Winton Rd 33 48 70 22VibrationConstruction, demolition and excavation activities have the potential to generatesignificant levels of vibration. The use of a hydraulic hammer in site excavation andclean-up works would generate the highest vibration levels when compared to otheractivities. Table 3.10 outlines the typical ground vibration levels at various distancesfrom a rock hammer operating.Warrawee Substation Project/Review of Environmental FactorsPage 33 of 64

Assessment of the environmental impacts and risksTable 3.10 Rock breaker peak particle velocity (PPV) vibration levels (mm/s)versus distanceOperationPPV vibration level (mm/s) at given distanceMediumrockhammer5 metres 10 metres 20 metres 30 metres 40 metres 50 metres0.2 0.06 0.02 0.01 - -The nearest residences to the areas where the rock hammer is to be used are over 30metres away and therefore vibration levels would not exceed 0.01 mm/s. At theselevels is it unlikely that the cosmetic and building damage and human comfort criteriawould be exceeded.Construction traffic noiseThe calculated traffic noise contribution of two trucks accessing the site was 50.5dBA. This is 4.5 dB below the criteria and is considered acceptable, particularly sincethe increase in traffic flow would be temporary, whereas the criteria is intended for usein assessment where increase in traffic is permanent.OperationTable 3.11 outlines the predicted noise levels at the closest receivers to the siteduring operation of the proposal. The modelling assessed the worst case scenario forthe operation of the substation (rectifiers and both primary transformers are at highestfluctuated levels). Attenuation for residences along Brentwood Avenue was the brickwall around the transformers. Attenuation for residents on Winton Road was assumedto be a 5dB reduction due to shielding provided by the retaining wall and rail corridor.Table 3.11Operational noise levelsLocationDistance(m)PredictedNoiseLevels L Aeq,15minRBL, dBA,night time(10pm-7am)IntrusiveCriteria,night time(10pm-7am)Complies38 Brentwood Ave 57 17 31 36 Yes40 Brentwood Ave 32 22 31 36 Yes51 Brentwood Ave 61 16 31 36 Yes53 Brentwood Ave 69 15 31 36 Yes55 Brentwood Ave 56 17 31 36 Yes57 Brentwood Ave 36 21 31 36 Yes59 Brentwood Ave 32 22 31 36 YesWarrawee Substation Project/Review of Environmental FactorsPage 34 of 64

Assessment of the environmental impacts and risksLocationDistance(m)PredictedNoiseLevels L Aeq,15minRBL, dBA,night time(10pm-7am)IntrusiveCriteria,night time(10pm-7am)Complies61 Brentwood Ave 44 19 31 36 Yes63 Brentwood Ave 46 19 31 36 Yes65 Brentwood Ave 70 15 31 36 Yes15 Winton Rd 40 25 33 38 Yes17 Winton Rd 36 26 33 38 YesAs seen in Table 3.11, the operational noise levels of the proposal would be within theintrusive criteria (night time criteria) and within most cases are within the existingbackground noise levels.3.5.4 Recommended control measuresPlan works to start at 7am such to avoid the need to comply with night time criteriaand sleep disturbance criteria.Noise emission levels of all critical items of mobile plant and equipment should bechecked for compliance with noise limits appropriate to those items prior to theequipment going into regular service. To this end, a testing regime should beestablished with the principal contractor using manufacturer data where possible.All fixed plant and stationary mobile plant at the work sites should be appropriatelyselected, and where feasible, fitted with silencers, acoustical enclosures and othernoise attenuation measures.Erection of a 2.4 metre high plywood noise barrier around the site (includingcompound) to attenuate levels of construction should be considered duringconstruction planning, as this would potentially contribute up to a 10dB attenuationof noise levels at receiver. However, due to the topography of the site, use of noisebarriers on site may only provide limited benefit.Limit usage of hydraulic hammers whenever possible and instead use rock sawsand rippers; or if necessary utilise quiet ‘city hammers’ as appropriate.Ensure that truck movements along the work site are performed in an efficientmanner to minimise the need for reversing, therefore minimising reversing alarmnoise, and use smart reversing alarms or squawkers in place of traditionalreversing alarms for all mobile plant to minimise the intrusiveness of reversingalarms.Conduct a combination of attended and unattended noise monitoring of worksduring the initial stages especially ‘Out-Of-Hours’ works at the closest receivers torecord typical levels at the residential receivers.Warrawee Substation Project/Review of Environmental FactorsPage 35 of 64

Assessment of the environmental impacts and risksCommunicate with the impacted residents by clearly explaining the duration,nature of works prior to and during works together with provision of complaints linethat will record the type of complaint and time etc.Ensure all equipment is turned off when not in use.3.6 Indigenous heritage3.6.1 Existing environmentA search of the Aboriginal Heritage Information Management System (AHIMS)database maintained by the NSW Office of Environment and Heritage was undertakenon 29 February 2012 for areas with the potential of being impacted during theproposal. A copy of the search area and results is located in Appendix D. This searchidentified no Aboriginal heritage item located within the search area.3.6.2 Impact assessmentPotential impacts on items of Aboriginal heritage significance would be associatedwith ground surface disturbance that is required as part of the proposal. Theseearthworks have the potential to uncover unknown Aboriginal heritage items. Thelikelihood of the regrading works uncovering unknown items is considered to bereduced as these areas have been heavily disturbed in the past due to theconstruction of the rail line.Based on the results of the AHIMS search and site inspection, an assessment hasbeen undertaken in accordance with the Due Diligence Code of Practice for theProtection of Aboriginal Objects in New South Wales (DECCW, 2010) concluded thatthe proposal is unlikely to impact on items of Aboriginal heritage significance.3.6.3 Recommended control measuresThe following measures would be implemented to minimise potential heritage impacts:Should any Aboriginal heritage items be uncovered during construction, all workswould cease within the vicinity of the find and RailCorp’s site supervisor andEnvironmental Officer would be contacted.3.7 Non-indigenous heritage3.7.1 Existing environmentA desktop assessment was undertaken on 29 February 2012 which included searchesof the following databases, heritage lists and registers:Australian Heritage database (National Heritage List, Commonwealth Heritage Listand Register of the National Estate)NSW State Heritage RegisterState authority Section 170 registersWarrawee Substation Project/Review of Environmental FactorsPage 36 of 64

Assessment of the environmental impacts and risksKu-ring-gai Planning Scheme OrdinanceResults of the searches indicated that there are no heritage items or conservationareas in the vicinity of the site. The nearest item to the site is a house with localheritage significance under the Ku-ring-gai Planning Ordinance Scheme, located at 41Brentwood Avenue approximately 200 metres east of the site.3.7.2 Impact assessmentThe proposal is not located in the vicinity of any items of State Heritage significance.The nearest heritage item is a locally listed item at 41 Brentwood Avenue. Theproposal is located approximately 200 metres west of 41 Brentwood Avenue. As suchthe proposal would not result on any impacts to this property. In addition, the visualfootprint of the proposal is unlikely to significantly affect the heritage significance ofthe item due to the relative distance between the proposal and the property.3.7.3 Recommended control measuresThe following measures would be implemented to minimise potential non-Indigenousheritage impacts:If any archaeological items of non-indigenous heritage significance areencountered during the course of the construction period, works would cease andRailCorp’s site supervisor and environmental officer would be contacted. OEHwould be contacted in accordance with the Heritage Act 1977.3.8 Waste3.8.1 Existing environmentThe site is located within the rail corridor and does not generate significant wastestreams. General maintenance of the corridor (rail infrastructure and vegetation)results in some waste which is disposed of in accordance with RailCorp’smaintenance procedures.3.8.2 Waste generationWaste generated during the construction phase would be limited to surplus buildingmaterials, such as concrete, brick, and cladding, and spoil. General waste, such assurplus pipe and cabling associated with connecting the site to services would also beproduced. Careful planning of construction activities would ensure that the volume ofsurplus materials is minimised. The small scale of this building means that a smallvolume of waste in comparison to other larger infrastructure construction projects islikely to be generated as a result of surplus materials.As indicated in Section 3.1.2, asbestos was historically used in brake linings and thereis the potential for fragments to be present in the soil. If suspected contaminatedmaterial is encountered during construction, the control measures recommended inSection 3.1.3 would be implemented.Warrawee Substation Project/Review of Environmental FactorsPage 37 of 64

Assessment of the environmental impacts and risksThe fit out stage is also likely to generate small volumes of waste associated with offcuts from communications and electrical cables.All wastes would be collected and stored on-site prior to disposal in accordance withDECC Waste Classification Guidelines (2008). Where possible, this material would bereused or recycled in preference to disposal.The only waste generated during operation of the proposal would be related toperiodic maintenance. This would include materials such as electrical wiring thatwould be disposed of in accordance with RailCorp’s existing procedures and DECCWaste Classification Guidelines (2008).3.8.3 Recommended control measuresWastes generated by the proposal would be managed in accordance with the WasteClassification Guidelines (DECC, 2008). It would also be managed in accordance withthe philosophy of the waste minimisation hierarchy as follows:Avoidance, where possibleTreated, as required and reused on-siteRecycled, either within the process or off-siteWhere other alternatives are not possible, wastes would be disposed of atappropriately licensed waste management facilities.3.9 Visual aesthetics3.9.1 Existing environmentViews of the site from the eastern side of the corridor are available from someresidential dwellings. In general, views are well screened by vegetation along thecorridor. Views of the site from this side of the corridor are greatest along theconstruction compound where vegetation is not as dense. The existing vegetationwithin the corridor in the vicinity of the compound is to be removed prior to workscommencing as part of RailCorp’s maintenance procedures. This would increase theviews of the rail corridor from the adjacent residences.Views from the western side of the corridor are limited as the site is located on theeastern side of the rail embankment and vegetation is present that partially screensviews along the corridor.3.9.2 Impact assessmentConstructionDuring construction, visual impacts would be experienced as a result of the following:Vegetation clearanceExcavation works on the existing rail embankmentWarrawee Substation Project/Review of Environmental FactorsPage 38 of 64

Assessment of the environmental impacts and risksEstablishment of the compound sitePositioning of plant and equipment within the construction area and site compoundThe visual impacts are considered to be minimal due to the following:Existing vegetation would be retained along Brentwood Avenue to screen themajority of the works from surrounding residential dwellingsThe existing views from the nearest residential dwellings contain views of existingrail infrastructureThe implementation of safeguards and management measuresIn the event night works are required, lighting would be erected. Lighting would bedirected away from surrounding land wherever possible to minimise impacts onsurrounding residents.OperationThe proposal represents an intensification of the use of the rail corridor for railpurposes. The proposal would result in the construction of a new structure whichwould potentially be viewed from residences in Brentwood Avenue. The new buildingwould be approximately 30 metres long and would consist of a brick structure. It wouldbe a relatively long, narrow and tall building (approximately seven metres high). Thisstructure would be partly visible from the residences on Brentwood Avenue in thevicinity of the site.The existing street vegetation includes bamboo stands along Brentwood Avenue thatcurrently acts as functional screen that blocks views of the rail corridor fromresidences located along the eastern side of Brentwood Avenue. The proposal aimsto retain this vegetation which would assist in retaining screening and minimising theimpacts on residences located directly opposite the proposed site.The new building would be visible from surrounding residences at the corner onBrentwood Avenue (40 Brentwood) due to the gaps in the vegetation where theexisting access gate is located. Due to the topography of the land, this view would bealtered due to an increase in the built-form, such as the retaining wall and substationbuilding. Control measures, such as landscape treatment would be implemented tominimise any impacts. The proposal would not result in any overshadowing ofsurrounding properties.A pedestrian walkway is located on the western side of the rail corridor. The proposalwould be seen from this walkway. However, the existing level of the ballast and trackswould result in only minimal views of the top of the building. Residences on thewestern side of the corridor would not have prominent views of the proposal due tothe works occurring on the eastern side of the embankment and existing vegetationalong the corridor’s edge providing partial screening.The building has been designed to feature a skillion roof and door and ventilationpenetrations to soften the appearance of the building and reduce the visual impact.Warrawee Substation Project/Review of Environmental FactorsPage 39 of 64

Assessment of the environmental impacts and risks3.9.3 Recommended control measuresThe following measures would be implemented to minimise potential heritage impacts:Consideration of landscape treatments, including vegetation plantings and materialselection to soften built form features of the southern end of the proposal.Screening vegetation surrounding the site would be retained where practicable.3.10 Land use and property3.10.1 Existing environmentThe site is located within rail corridor in which the North Shore Line runs. Surroundingland use is dominated by residential dwellings which are generally detached. TheKnox Grammar School is located to the north of the site on the western side of the railcorridor adjacent to Warrawee Station.3.10.2 Impact assessmentDirect impactsThe proposal is located within the rail corridor and therefore would not impact uponany surrounding land uses directly. The proposal would not impact upon the use ofthe rail corridor, with the exception of during track possession periods. These trackpossession periods would not be occurring as a result of the proposal as they arescheduled in advance for the entire section of the North Shore Line.Indirect impactsIndirect impacts would be experienced for surrounding land uses, these would begeneral amenity impacts. Such impacts are discussed in other sections of this REFand are considered to be minor provided the control measures are implemented.3.10.3 Recommended control measuresNo specific control measures are recommended for land use and property impacts.3.11 Socio-economic3.11.1 Existing environmentThe population of the postcode 2074 (Warrawee, Turramurra and North Turramurra)in 2006 was 19,808 (ABS, 2006). A total of 33.4% of this population is aged between0 and 24. The land around the site is dominated by residential development, with localshops located at Wahroonga and Turramurra stations to the north and south of thesite respectively. A small set of shops is also located on Eastern Road to the east ofthe site.Warrawee Substation Project/Review of Environmental FactorsPage 40 of 64

Assessment of the environmental impacts and risks3.11.2 Impact assessmentConstructionPotential adverse socio-economic impacts from the proposal are likely during theconstruction phase and are generally associated with amenity based impacts. Theseinclude potential for increases in traffic, noise and air emissions during construction.Assessments undertaken as part of this REF indicate that these construction impactsare likely to be minor due to the implementation of control measures and the presenceof the site within an operational rail corridor. It is considered unlikely that constructionactivities would impact on the general amenity of the area to the extent that thegeneral socio-economic environment of the Warrawee area would be affected.Local businesses such as food outlets at Wahroonga Station, Turramurra Station andEastern Road would potentially benefit from the increase in the workforce in the areaas a result of the proposal.OperationOperational aspects of the proposal are unlikely to significantly affect the generalamenity of the Warrawee area. However, due to size and bulk of the proposal inrelation to the existing residence at the southern end of the proposal, localisedimpacts on visual amenity may be experienced. Control measures are required tominimise potential visual impacts (refer to Section 3.9.3).The proposal would not adversely impact on access to, or the function of, anyresources used by the community.The proposal would have significant long-term benefits as part of the upgradedrailway system. This would improve the reliability of the electricity supply to thenetwork and ensure that it is able to cater for the projected increases in demands dueto increases in the number of rolling stock. It would therefore assist in improving theoperation of the railway network as a whole.3.11.3 Recommended control measuresThe following measures would be implemented to minimise potential socio-economicimpacts:Surrounding residents would be notified of the proposal prior to commencement.The consultation will include face to face contact and written notification detailingthe proposed works and the reason for them, and will provide a point of contact forfurther information.Consultation throughout construction would be undertaken in line with RailCorp’sconsultation strategy.Warrawee Substation Project/Review of Environmental FactorsPage 41 of 64

Assessment of the environmental impacts and risks3.12 Traffic and access3.12.1 Existing environmentThe surrounding street network is shown on Figure 1.1 and within key local roadsoutlined in the below sections.Brentwood AvenueBrentwood Avenue is a residential street which runs east-west between TurramurraAvenue in the east and the rail corridor in the west. Where the road meets the railcorridor it turns north for about 100 metres before it ends in a cul-de-sac.Parking is permitted on both side of the east-west stretch of the road, which potentiallyresults in only one traffic lane if cars are parked on opposite sides of the corridor. Aturning circle is provided at the point where the northern and east-west stretches ofthe road meet.Parking restrictions are located along the northern stretch of Brentwood Avenue.These restrictions are during school pick up periods.Hastings Road/Warrawee AvenueHastings Road runs east-west from Eastern Road in the east to where it turns north(as Warrawee Avenue). Warrawee Avenue then travels in a northern direction acrossMillewa Avenue/Bangalla Avenue. Warrawee Station is located on Warrawee Avenueto the north of west Hastings Road becomes Warrawee Avenue.Corridor accessThe rail corridor in the vicinity of the proposal can be accessed via three existinggates:Turning circle where Brentwood Avenue turns northNorthern end of Brentwood AvenueHasting Avenue (where it becomes Warrawee Avenue)These access gates are shown on Figure 1.1.Pedestrian accessA pedestrian path is located adjacent to the rail corridor between the northern end ofBrentwood Avenue and the Hasting Avenue/Warrawee Avenue corner. This pathconnects Brentwood Avenue to Warrawee Station to the north.3.12.2 Impact assessmentConstructionThe proposal has the potential for impacts on the traffic and transport network duringthe construction phase.Warrawee Substation Project/Review of Environmental FactorsPage 42 of 64

Assessment of the environmental impacts and risksConstruction accessDuring construction the two Brentwood Avenue access points are to be used as theprimary access to the substation site and also the compound location. The HastingsRoad access gate would potentially be used to access the construction compound.The use of this gate would be minimised and would be used when access to theconstruction compound is blocked due to construction works occurring at thesubstation site. Impacts from the usage of this site are considered to be minor due tothe infrequent use of the access. Any impacts would be minimised through trafficcontrol measures which would be outlined in the Traffic Management Plan.Increase in vehicle movementsThe proposal is expected to result in on average between 4 and 24 vehiclemovements per day. The maximum number of movements would be between 20 and50 vehicle movements per day. This would equate to a maximum of six vehicles perhour, however, on average these movements would be three vehicles per hour. Themaximum number of vehicles is expected to occur during the bulk earthworks on siteand would be associated with the removal of spoil. This period would last forapproximately 80 days. A detailed breakdown of the vehicle movements for eachconstruction activity is located in Table 2.2.This increase in vehicle numbers is not considered significant and would not result inany impact to the operation of the surrounding road network. Due to the proximity ofthe proposal to the Knox Grammar School, impacts during school start and end timeswould potentially be high due to the number of vehicles in the area during these times.To minimise these impacts, vehicle movements (in particularly heavy vehicles) duringthese times would be minimised.The proposal would potentially require the use of oversized vehicles to delivercomponents of the new substation, particularly during the fit out stage. Thesedeliveries would be infrequent and would only be undertaken after consulting withRoads and Maritime Services (RMS) and NSW Police. RailCorp will advise residentsof these vehicle movements.At the peak of the construction period, it is anticipated that approximately 20 staffwould be working on the site. Under a worst-case scenario, it is assumed that all ofthese staff would drive to the site in separate cars. This short term increase invehicular movements is unlikely to have a significant effect on the function of the localroad network. There would be on-site parking, however during the worst casescenario construction staff would be required to park in surrounding street. There issufficient on-street parking in Brentwood Avenue, however the western end ofBrentwood Avenue is unlikely to supply sufficient on-street parking, therefore theparking may occur further to the east.Impacts to pedestrian movementsBrentwood Avenue forms part of a pedestrian access way to and from WarraweeStation and Knox Grammar School. Brentwood Avenue is likely to experience anumber of pedestrian movements at peak periods (e.g. end of school day). Duringconstruction the introduction of additional vehicles to the road network wouldWarrawee Substation Project/Review of Environmental FactorsPage 43 of 64

Assessment of the environmental impacts and riskspotentially result in a safety hazard in this area due to conflicts between vehicles andpedestrians. Such conflicts would be avoided by limiting the number of vehiclemovements during these periods.The pedestrian path along the rail corridor between Brentwood Avenue and HastingRoad would remain open throughout construction.OperationAside from periodic maintenance requirements, operation of the proposal would notgenerate any vehicular movements. Access to the site would be via existing accessgate locations and therefore the movement of traffic would not be altered. Duringmaintenance activities, maintenance vehicles would be parked within the rail corridor.3.12.3 Recommended control measuresThe following control measures would be implemented to minimise impacts on thetraffic and transport network:A traffic management plan would be developed in consultation with Council todetail traffic control measures along Brentwood Avenue and Hastings Road. Thiswould be incorporated into the Construction Environmental Management Plan.Access along the pedestrian path adjacent to the corridor to be maintained at alltimes during construction.A designated heavy vehicle route would be identified within the traffic managementplan. Heavy vehicles accessing the site would be required to use this route.Vehicle movements to and from the site to be minimised during school start andend times.Liaison with Ku-ring-gai Council is required to confirm the design, location andapproval requirements for the proposed site accesses.Signage and traffic control devices would be installed to alert motorists andpedestrians to changes to local traffic conditions during the construction period.Oversized vehicle movements would be discussed with RMS and NSW Police priorto them occurring and RailCorp will advise residents of any requirement foroversized vehicles and RailCorp will advise residents of any requirement foroversized vehicles.3.13 Light spill3.13.1 Existing environmentThe site is currently undeveloped and does not generate any light that spills ontoadjoining properties.Warrawee Substation Project/Review of Environmental FactorsPage 44 of 64

Assessment of the environmental impacts and risks3.13.2 Impact assessmentConstructionThere is potential for light spill impacts in the event that night time works are requiredduring the construction phase. Impacts of light spill would be minimised through theimplementation of the control measures in Section 3.13.3. Impacts are further reduceddue to the frequency of night works (generally only required during possessionperiods) being relatively low.OperationThe substation would be unmanned during operation and therefore would have limitedlight on site. Fluorescent lights would be located above exit doors from the buildingand would not generate any significant light spill impacts. Lights would be provided onsite to facilitate maintenance activities; however the use of these lights would beinfrequent. All lighting would be installed to minimise light spill on the surrounding landuses.3.13.3 Recommended control measuresThe following control measures would be implemented to minimise impacts of lightspill:Works would be undertaken during standard daytime construction hours wherepossible to avoid the use of lights.Use of lighting during night-time works would take into consideration the light spillimpacts on surrounding residential dwellings. All lighting for the proposal would bedesigned and installed in accordance with the requirements of AS 1158 RoadLighting and AS 4282 Control of the Obtrusive Effects of Outdoor Lighting tominimise light spill onto adjacent residences, and would include the use of bafflesaround light fixtures where possible. Only those work areas being used would be litat any time.The proposal would be minimise light spill from the site in accordance with relevantcodes and Australian Standards.3.14 Utilities3.14.1 Existing environmentThe site is located within the rail corridor which includes RailCorp owned assets suchas low and high voltage power lines running across the site on poles. Signalling andcommunications cabling is housed in troughs that run along the constructioncompound site and then run to the west of the substation site adjacent to the tracks.A number of overhead utilities are located along Brentwood Avenue. Near the cornerwhere Brentwood Avenue turns north these utilises are located above the roadway.Warrawee Substation Project/Review of Environmental FactorsPage 45 of 64

Assessment of the environmental impacts and risksAn Optus cable crosses the rail corridor in the vicinity of the site and would berelocated prior to construction.3.14.2 Impact assessmentThe proposal has been designed to minimise adverse impacts on services. Outageswould be required to connect the traction substation to existing services; howeverthese outages would be short term and would be restricted to limited portions of therailway network. They would be undertaken during scheduled track possessions. Theoutages would not affect adjacent residential areas.Vehicles accessing the site would be required to be aware of the overhead serviceslocated across Brentwood Avenue.3.14.3 Recommended control measuresProtection of the overhead wires on Brentwood Avenue would be required whentall vehicles are required to access the site.Service searches (such as dial before you dig and an onsite search with a serviceslocator) would be undertaken prior to undertaking activities that have the potentialto impact utility services. If the results of the searches indicate that services arelikely to be affected, relevant service providers would be consulted to discusspotential impacts and develop measures to minimise impacts, including the needfor service relocation or temporary connections.3.15 Electromagnetic Energy (EME)3.15.1 Existing environmentElectric and magnetic fields (EMFs) are invisible and found everywhere electricity ispresent. An electric field is a region where electric charges experience an invisibleforce. The strength of this force is related to the voltage, or the pressure which forceselectricity along wires. Electric fields are strongest close to their source, and theirstrength diminishes rapidly as we move away from the source.A magnetic field is a region where magnetic materials experience an invisible forceproduced by the flow of electricity, commonly known as current. Unlike electric fields,magnetic fields are only present when electric current is flowing.The strength of a magnetic field depends on the size of the current (measured inamps), and decreases rapidly once we move away from the source. While electricfields are blocked by many common materials, this is not the case with magneticfields. This is one reason why power lines may contribute to magnetic fields in thehome and why burying power lines would not necessarily eliminate them (ESSA,2004).In recent years the presence of EMF in the environment has resulted in an increase incommunity concerns over the long term health effects on people living and workingnearby power lines and facilities (particularly high voltage power lines).Warrawee Substation Project/Review of Environmental FactorsPage 46 of 64

Assessment of the environmental impacts and risksThere are two components to an electromagnetic field, the electric field strength whichis very weak at the proposed voltage (1500 V) and the magnetic field strength whichdecreases in an inverse square relationship close to the source and at a higher rateapproximating an inverse cubic relationship at further distances.The Australian Radiation and Nuclear Protection Safety Agency (ARPANSA) haspublished on its website a Draft Standard for exposure to magnetic fields whichadvocates a full-time exposure limit of 100 T (T is a unit of measurement formagnetic strength), and a higher value for occupational exposure.3.15.2 Potential ImpactsIt is well accepted by scientists that no study considered in isolation can provide ameaningful answer to the question of whether or not EMF can contribute to adversehealth effects. In order to make an informed conclusion from all of the research, it isnecessary to consider the science in its totality. Over many years, governments andregulatory agencies around the world have commissioned independent scientificreview panels to provide such an overall assessment.The research has been extensively reviewed over the last 30 years by Australian andinternational inquiries and expert panels established for the purpose of trying todetermine whether or not human exposure to EMF is related to adverse health effects.The Australian Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety Agency (ARPANSA), as partof the Health and Ageing Portfolio, is a Federal Government agency charged withresponsibility for protecting the health and safety of people, and the environment, fromEMF.ARPANSA advises that:“On balance, the scientific evidence does not indicate that exposure to 50 Hz EMFsfound around the home, the office or near power lines is a hazard to human health.”“… the majority of scientists and Australian radiation health authorities in particular, donot regard chronic exposure to 50 Hz electric and magnetic fields at the levelscommonly found in the environment as a proven health risk. Moreover, the evidencewe have is inconclusive and does not allow health authorities to decide whether thereis a specific magnetic field level above which chronic exposure is dangerous orcompromises human health.”“At the present time there is no evidence that exposure to electric fields is a healthhazard (excluding of course electric shock).”RailCorp considers that the construction of the substation has the potential to alter themagnetic field strength currently experienced in the surrounding area, although notsignificantly. RailCorp adopts a policy of prudent avoidance regarding the electricityservices it provides for the rail network. This includes undertaking practical measureswherever possible and at reasonable cost to minimise exposure to EMF, such as inrelation to the design and siting of new electrical facilities and to generally operate itsfacilities in a prudent manner that is within Australian health guidelines.Warrawee Substation Project/Review of Environmental FactorsPage 47 of 64

Assessment of the environmental impacts and risksThe principles of prudent avoidance were considered during development of theproposal and methods available for reducing magnetic fields usually fall within one oftwo categories:Maximising the separation distance between the source and the receiver, wherepossible or practicable.Reducing the field generated by the source (such as compact construction,reverse or split phasing, or increasing the voltage).3.15.3 Recommended control measuresNone required as EMF levels not expected to increase over and above theoccupational or incidental exposure limits set by the Australian Radiation Protectionand Nuclear Safety Agency (ARPANSA) in their Draft Standard of 2006.3.16 Demand on resourcesConstruction materials are readily available and would be sourced locally wherepossible.3.17 Cumulative environmental effectsThe proposal is not expected to generate adverse environmental cumulative effectsbecause construction impacts would be short term and operational impacts would beminor.There is a minor potential for a cumulative impact as a result of vegetation clearanceresulting from the project and RailCorp’s maintenance requirements. This would resultin a greater amount of vegetation screening to be removed from along the corridormaking the corridor more visible from surrounding land uses. Clearance from thesetwo projects would not occur in the same location and therefore the impacts of eachpiece of clearance has been assessed in this REF (see Sections 3.2.3 and 3.9.2) andthe approvals for the maintenance clearing.The proposal would require works during track possession periods, this would requirelarge section of the rail network to be closedown for a weekend period. These trackpossession periods are currently planned and do not solely occur as a result of theproposal.Potential cumulative impacts would be associated with the additional electricitydemand to operate the proposal. RailCorp is not responsible for electricity generationin NSW. It is therefore outside the scope of RailCorp to practically and reasonablyinfluence potential cumulative impacts from additional electricity generation.Warrawee Substation Project/Review of Environmental FactorsPage 48 of 64

Assessment of the environmental impacts and risks3.18 Environmental checklists3.18.1 Clause 228 of the EP&A RegulationClause 228 of the EP&A Regulation provides a list of factors that should beconsidered in determining the likely impacts of an activity on the natural and builtenvironment. These factors are considered in Table 3.12 with reference to theproposal.Table 3.12Clause 228 matters for considerationClause 228 Factor(a) any environmental impact on a community,The proposal would have a minor adverse impact on thecommunity in the immediate vicinity of the site during construction.This would be associated with noise and air emissions, and trafficmovements associated with the construction activities. Given thatthe site is within the railway corridor, and the impacts would belimited to the construction phase, the impacts are considered to beof minor significance.As part of a broader project to improve the electricity supply to therailway network, the proposal would have an overall positive overallimpact by increasing the operational capacity. This would benefitthe wider community that utilises the railway network.(b) any transformation of a locality,The proposal would involve construction of a new building. Theproposal would also require the removal of some vegetation.Overall the proposal is considered not to transform the localitysignificantly.(c) any environmental impact on the ecosystems of thelocality,The ecosystems of the locality have been substantially modified byconstruction of the railway network and urbanisation and this hasresulted in all items of ecological significance being removed. Theproposal would result in the removal of primarily weed species.Construction and operational impacts would be limited to the siteitself and would not impact on ecosystems in the wider locality.ImpactNegative(construction)Positive(operation)NegativeNilWarrawee Substation Project/Review of Environmental FactorsPage 49 of 64

Assessment of the environmental impacts and risksClause 228 Factor(d) any reduction of the aesthetic, recreational, scientific orother environmental quality or value of a locality,The site is within the railway corridor and does not have anyrecreational, scientific or other environmental values or qualities.As such, the proposal would not adversely impact on any of thesevalues or qualities.(e) any effect on a locality, place or building having aesthetic,anthropological, archaeological, architectural, cultural,historical, scientific or social significance or other specialvalue for present or future generations,The proposal would not adversely impact on any place or buildinghaving aesthetic, anthropological, archaeological, architectural,cultural, historical, scientific or social significance or other specialvalue for present or future generations.(f) any impact on the habitat of protected fauna (within themeaning of the National Parks and Wildlife Act 1974),There are unlikely to be impacts on the habitat of protected fauna.(g) any endangering of any species of animal, plant or otherform of life, whether living on land, in water or in the air,The site is of negligible ecological significance and the proposal isunlikely to endanger any threatened species of plant, animal orother life form.(h) any long-term effects on the environment,Long term impacts would be restricted to visual impacts, and thoseassociated with operation of the proposal. As it would not result inany impacts such as noise or air emissions that would significantlyaffect the environment, these impacts are considered to be ofminor significance. Furthermore, operation of RailCorp’s existingsubstations are not generally considered to have an adverseimpact on the environment.(i) any degradation of the quality of the environment,The site is highly degraded as a result of the construction andmaintenance of the rail corridor. The site is dominated by weedspecies. Implementation of the recommended control measureswould ensure that potential impacts are managed appropriately.ImpactNilNilNilNilNegativeNilWarrawee Substation Project/Review of Environmental FactorsPage 50 of 64

Assessment of the environmental impacts and risksClause 228 Factor(j) any risk to the safety of the environment,The proposal would not involve any activities that pose risks to thesafety of the environment. All chemicals, such as oil, would bestored within bunded areas to ensure that spills would be containedto minimise the potential for release to the environment.(k) any reduction in the range of beneficial uses of theenvironment,The site is within the railway corridor and is not accessible to thegeneral public. As such, the proposal is in keeping with the existinguse of the site and would not reduce the range of beneficial uses ofthe environment.(l) any pollution of the environment,The potential for pollution would be limited to the constructionphase and would be associated with the potential for erosion andsedimentation following earthworks, as well as noise and airemissions. These impacts would be managed by implementation ofthe recommended control measures. Chemicals such as oils withinthe substation would be stored in bunded areas to ensure thatspills are appropriately contained so they do not pollute thesurrounding environment.(m) any environmental problems associated with the disposalof waste,The proposal would generate minimal waste and none that is likelyto result in environmental problems during disposal. All wasteswould be classified according to DECC (now OEH) guidelines andwould be disposed of at appropriately licensed facilities.(n) any increased demands on resources (natural orotherwise) that are, or are likely to become, in short supply,The proposal would not increase demands on any resources thatare in short supply. It would utilise building materials, such asbricks, reinforcing steel, concrete, and cladding that are readilyavailable. The equipment that would be installed within thesubstation is also readily available.ImpactNilNilNegative(construction)Nil(operation)NilNilWarrawee Substation Project/Review of Environmental FactorsPage 51 of 64

Assessment of the environmental impacts and risksClause 228 Factor(o) any cumulative environmental effect with other existing orlikely future activities.The proposal would not result in any significant cumulative impactsduring either the construction or operational phases.Implementation of the recommended control measures wouldminimise adverse impacts. The operational impacts associatedwith the proposal would be consistent with elements of the railwaynetwork. It would not introduce any adverse impacts into the widerlocality. The proposal would introduce a new built form; howevernew built-form impacts would not significantly affect the widerlocality. The proposal coupled with other TSU projects wouldensure that the rail work would be able to continue to meetdemand.(p) Any impact on coastal processes and coastal hazards,including those under projected climate change conditions?The proposal would not be located on the coastline or within anarea that would be subject to sea level rise.ImpactNil(construction)Positive(operation)Nil3.18.2 Matters listed under the EPBC ActTable 3.13 provides a summary of the potential for the proposal to impact on matterslisted under the Commonwealth EPBC Act.Table 3.13Factors listed under the EPBC ActEPBC Factors(a) Any environmental impact on a World Heritage AreaThe proposal would not impact on any World Heritage Area.(b) Any environmental impact on wetlands of internationalimportanceThe proposal would not impact on any wetlands of internationalsignificance.(c) Any environmental impact on Commonwealth listedthreatened species and ecological communities.The proposal would not impact on any Commonwealth listedthreatened species and ecological communities.ImpactNilNilNilWarrawee Substation Project/Review of Environmental FactorsPage 52 of 64

Assessment of the environmental impacts and risksEPBC Factors(d) Any environmental impact on Commonwealth listedmigratory species.The proposal would not impact on any Commonwealth listedmigratory species.(e) Does any part of the proposal involve a nuclear action?The proposal does not involve any nuclear actions.(f) Any environmental impact on a Commonwealth marinearea?The proposal would not impact on any Commonwealth marinearea.(g) Any impact on Commonwealth land.The proposal would not impact on any Commonwealth land.ImpactNilNoNilNo3.19 Summary of proposed control measuresTable 3.14 provides of all the control measures proposed in the previous sections of this REF.Warrawee Substation Project/Review of Environmental FactorsPage 53 of 64

Assessment of the environmental impacts and risksTable 3.14Summary of control measuresIssueLandforms,geology and soilsEcologyWater quality andhydrologyControl measuresAn erosion and sedimentation control plan would bedeveloped and incorporated into the ConstructionEnvironment Management Plan (CEMP). The plan wouldincorporate specifications outlined in the Managing UrbanStormwater, Soils & Construction, Volume 1 (Landcom 2004),identify areas requiring management controls, includeinspections and checklist sheets.Disturbed surfaces would be stabilised as soon as possible tominimise erosion and sedimentation.Spoil would be reused on site where possible.In the event spoil cannot be reused on site, spoil would bestored, transported, disposed of in accordance with the DECCWaste Classification Guidelines (2008).Maintenance and checking of the erosion and sedimentationcontrols would be undertaken on a regular basis and recordswould be kept and provided to regulatory authorities at anytime upon request. Sediment would be cleared from behindbarriers on a regular basis and all controls would be managedin order to work effectively at all times;Any material transported onto pavement surfaces would beswept and removed as required.Site rehabilitation of disturbed areas would be undertakenprogressively as stages are completed.In the event that contaminated soils are encountered duringconstruction, work would cease and an environmentalconsultant would be contacted to advise on the need forremediation or any other management actions.Disturbed areas would be restored to their natural shapewhere possible at the completion of works.The small strip of native vegetation along the cutting in thenorth of the site should be fenced prior to construction. Allconstruction activities should be excluded from this area.All fuels, chemicals, and dangerous goods would be storedaway from any waterways or drainage lines and would bestored in an temporary bund or similar within the sitecompound if practicable.All staff would be inducted into the incident emergencyprocedures and made aware of the location of where theemergency spill kits would be keptThe refuelling of plant and maintenance of machinery wouldWarrawee Substation Project/Review of Environmental FactorsPage 54 of 64

Assessment of the environmental impacts and risksIssueAir qualityControl measuresbe undertaken in impervious bunded areas. This may involveusing temporary impervious bunded areas.Machinery would be checked daily to ensure there is no oil,fuel or other liquids leaking from the machineryExcess concrete would be scraped off equipment beforebeing washed. All remaining concrete residue would becollected and disposed of to a licensed landfillVehicle wash downs and/or concrete truck washouts would beundertaken within a designated bunded area of an impervioussurface or undertaken off-siteAn incident emergency spill plan would be developed andincorporated into the CEMP. The plan would includemeasures to avoid spillages of fuels, chemicals, and fluidsonto any surfaces or into any adjacent/nearby waterways andan emergency response plan. An emergency spill kit would bekept onsite at all times.Should a spill occur during construction, the emergencyresponse plan would be implemented, and the RailCorpenvironmental officer contacted. The Office of Environmentand Heritage would also be notified if the impacts of the spillare considered to result in material harm to the environment(as per Part 5.7 of the POEO Act).RailCorp would investigate the feasibility of connecting theoil/water separator which forms part of the proposal duringconstruction to assist in minimising the impacts of spills duringconstruction.All equipment would be roadworthy, regularly maintained andinspected daily.Equipment used and all facilities erected would be designedand operated to control the emission of smoke, dust, fumesand other pollution into the atmosphere.Excavation equipment and procedures would be selected tominimise dust generation, where practicable.A water cart or fixed hoses would be used to dampen exposedsurfaces to minimise dust generation.Shade cloth would be fastened to the perimeter fence on theconstruction compound to minimise dust transported from thesite during construction.Working areas would be stabilised as soon as practical toprevent or minimise windblown dust.Handling areas would be maintained in a condition thatWarrawee Substation Project/Review of Environmental FactorsPage 55 of 64

Assessment of the environmental impacts and risksIssueNoise andvibrationControl measuresminimises windblown or traffic generated dust. Areas that maybe inaccessible by water carts would be kept in a condition thatminimises windblown or traffic generated dust using othermeans.All trucks would be covered when transporting material to andfrom the site.All construction plant and machinery would be fitted withemission control devices complying with Australian DesignStandards.Plan works to start at 7am such to avoid the need to complywith night time criteria and sleep disturbance criteria.Noise emission levels of all critical items of mobile plant andequipment should be checked for compliance with noise limitsappropriate to those items prior to the equipment going intoregular service. To this end, a testing regime should beestablished with the principal contractor using manufacturerdata where possible.All fixed plant and stationary mobile plant at the work sitesshould be appropriately selected, and where feasible, fittedwith silencers, acoustical enclosures and other noiseattenuation measures.Erection of a 2.4 metre high plywood noise barrier around thesite (including compound) to attenuate levels of constructionshould be considered during construction planning, as thiswould potentially contribute up to a 10dB attenuation of noiselevels at receiver. However, due to the topography of the site,use of noise barriers on site may only provide limited benefit.Limit usage of hydraulic hammers whenever possible andinstead use rock saws and rippers; or if necessary utilise quiet‘city hammers’ as appropriate.Ensure that truck movements along the work site areperformed in an efficient manner to minimise the need forreversing, therefore minimising reversing alarm noise, anduse smart reversing alarms or squawkers in place oftraditional reversing alarms for all mobile plant to minimise theintrusiveness of reversing alarms.Conduct a combination of attended and unattended noisemonitoring of works during the initial stages especially ‘Out-Of-Hours’ works at the closest receivers to record typicallevels at the residential receivers.Communicate with the impacted residents by clearlyexplaining the duration, nature of works prior to and duringWarrawee Substation Project/Review of Environmental FactorsPage 56 of 64

Assessment of the environmental impacts and risksIssueIndigenousheritageNon-IndigenousheritageWasteVisual aestheticsLand use andpropertySocio-economicTraffic and accessControl measuresworks together with provision of complaints line that willrecord the type of complaint and time etc.Ensure all equipment is turned off when not in use.Should any Aboriginal heritage items be uncovered duringconstruction, all works would cease within the vicinity of thefind and RailCorp’s site supervisor and Environmental Officerwould be contacted.If any archaeological items of non-indigenous heritagesignificance are encountered during the course of theconstruction period, works would cease and RailCorp’s sitesupervisor and environmental officer would be contacted. OEHwould be contacted in accordance with the Heritage Act 1977.Wastes generated by the proposal would be managed inaccordance with the Waste Classification Guidelines (DECC,2008). It would also be managed in accordance with thephilosophy of the waste minimisation hierarchy as follows:- Avoidance, where possible- Treated, as required and reused on-site- Recycled, either within the process or off-site- Where other alternatives are not possible, wastes wouldbe disposed of at appropriately licensed wastemanagement facilities.Consideration of landscape treatments, including vegetationplantings and material selection to soften built form features ofthe southern end of the proposal.Screening vegetation surrounding the site would be retainedwhere practicable.No specific control measures are recommended for land use andproperty impacts.Surrounding residents would be notified of the proposal priorto commencement. The consultation will include face to facecontact and written notification detailing the proposed worksand the reason for them, and will provide a point of contact forfurther information.Consultation throughout construction would be undertaken inline with RailCorp’s consultation strategy. A traffic management plan would be developed in consultationwith Council to detail traffic control measures along BrentwoodAvenue and Hastings Road. This would be incorporated intothe construction environmental management plan.Warrawee Substation Project/Review of Environmental FactorsPage 57 of 64

Assessment of the environmental impacts and risksIssueLight spillUtilitiesControl measuresAccess along the pedestrian path adjacent to the corridor to bemaintained at all times during construction.A designated heavy vehicle route would be identified within thetraffic management plan. Heavy vehicles accessing the sitewould be required to use this route.Vehicle movements to and from the site to be minimised duringschool start and end times.Liaison with Ku-ring-gai Council is required to confirm thedesign, location and approval requirements for the proposedsite accesses.Signage and traffic control devices would be installed to alertmotorists and pedestrians to changes to local traffic conditionsduring the construction period.Oversized vehicle movements would be discussed with RMSand NSW Police prior to them occurring.Works would be undertaken during standard daytimeconstruction hours where possible to avoid the use of lights.Use of lighting during night-time works would take intoconsideration the light spill impacts on surrounding residentialdwellings. All lighting for the proposal would be designed andinstalled in accordance with the requirements of AS 1158Road Lighting and AS 4282 Control of the Obtrusive Effects ofOutdoor Lighting to minimise light spill onto adjacentresidences, and would include the use of baffles around lightfixtures where possible. Only those work areas being usedwould be lit at any time.The proposal would be minimise light spill from the site inaccordance with relevant codes and Australian Standards.Protection of the overhead wires on Brentwood Avenue wouldbe required when tall vehicles are required to access the site.Service searches (such as dial before you dig and an onsitesearch with a services locator) would be undertaken prior toundertaking activities that have the potential to impact utilityservices. If the results of the searches indicate that servicesare likely to be affected, relevant service providers would beconsulted to discuss potential impacts and develop measuresto minimise impacts, including the need for service relocationor temporary connections.Warrawee Substation Project/Review of Environmental FactorsPage 58 of 64

Assessment of the environmental impacts and risksIssueElectromagneticenergyControl measuresNone required as EMF levels not expected to increase over andabove the occupational or incidental exposure limits set by theAustralian Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety Agency(ARPANSA) in their Draft Standard of 2006.3.20 Implementation process3.20.1 Rail Corporation standard environmental safeguardsThe Contractor would be required to comply with standard RailCorp EnvironmentalManagement safeguards during construction.RailCorp would operate the site in accordance with its standard Metropolitan DivisionEnvironmental Management Plan.3.20.2 Outline of the Construction Environmental Management PlanA Construction Environmental Management Plan (CEMP) would be produced onceRailCorp has determined the proposal. The CEMP would instruct contractors of themeasures and standards required when undertaking activities on site (includingmonitoring and performance requirements). The CEMP would form the basis forenvironmental specifications in any contractual agreements between the proponentand the contractor.The CEMP would ensure that:Safeguards outlined in this REF and the Determination Report are implemented onthe siteActivities are carried out with due diligenceAll activities comply with relevant environmental legislation including Acts,Regulations, Standards and Best Management PracticesThe CEMP would be site specific and be prepared in accordance with RailCorpguidelines. It would be developed in line with the REF and determination conditions.Warrawee Substation Project/Review of Environmental FactorsPage 59 of 64

Finalisation4. Finalisation4.1 Justification of the project4.1.1 Summary of beneficial effectsThe main benefit of the proposal is the construction of a new substation which willassist in upgrading the network by providing additional power to the network, in orderto manage the increase in demand on the network that is expected in the comingyears. The construction of this substation would benefit the wider rail network.4.1.2 Summary of adverse effectsThe proposal would result in some adverse effects that would include:Noise impacts during construction to surrounding residential land usesVegetation loss within the rail corridor, this vegetation is not considered to be ofany significant ecological valueTraffic, transport and access impacts as a result of vehicle movements to and fromthe site for the delivery of materials and equipment, removal of spoil and workersmovements.Visual amenity impacts due to the introduction of a new building into the view pointof a number of properties. Some vegetation clearance would also result in thereduction of screening along the edge of the rail corridorAir quality impacts due to the operational of plant and machinery and also due todust generation as result of vegetation clearing and earthworks.These impacts are considered minor and short term in nature and/or would beminimised by implementing the control measures outlined in Table 3.14.4.1.3 JustificationThe proposal is deemed to be justified as the beneficial effects of the project outweighthe adverse effects. This is because many of the adverse effects are deemed to beshort term in nature, have localised impacts and can be mitigated through theimplementation of control measures. The beneficial effects would be felt across theentire rail network due to increased running capacity.Warrawee Substation Project/Review of Environmental FactorsPage 60 of 64

Certification of the REF5. Certification of the REF5.1.1 AuthorAs the author of this REF, I certify that it provides a true and fair review of theproposal in relation to its potential effects on the environment. It addresses to thefullest extent possible all matters affecting or likely to affect the environment as aresult of the proposal.Peter CarsonPrincipal Environmental PlannerDate: 27 April 20125.1.2 RailCorp certifierI have examined this Review of Environmental Factors and the certification by PeterCarson and accept the Review of Environmental Factors on behalf of RailCorp. Icertify that it provides a true and fair review of the proposal in relation to its potentialeffects on the environment. It addresses to the fullest extent possible all mattersaffecting or likely to affect the environment as a result of the proposal.Name:Position:Date:Warrawee Substation Project/Review of Environmental FactorsPage 61 of 64

REF determination6. REF determinationThe Review of Environmental Factors (REF) addresses the requirements of Section111 of the Environmental Planning and Assessment Act 1979.In consideration of the activity, an examination and assessment has been undertakento take into account to the fullest extent possible, all matters affecting or likely to affectthe environment by reason of that activity, as addressed in this REF.The likely significance of the environmental impacts of the activity have beenindependently assessed in accordance with the Department of Infrastructure,Planning and Natural Resources best practice guideline Is an EIS Required?An independent assessment of the impacts of the activity on critical habitat and onthreatened species, populations or ecological communities or their habitats, for bothterrestrial and aquatic species has been undertaken. The activity described in theREF will not significantly affect threatened species, populations or ecologicalcommunities or their habitats. Therefore, no Species Impact Statement is required.The activity described in the REF will have some environmental impacts that can besatisfactorily ameliorated. These impacts are unlikely to be significant and therefore,an Environmental Impact Statement is not required.6.1.1 RailCorp AssessorI have reviewed this REF and recommend that the activity should proceed.Name:Position:Date:Warrawee Substation Project/Review of Environmental FactorsPage 62 of 64

REF determination6.1.2 RailCorp DeterminerI have reviewed this REF and determine that the project is approved subject to thefollowing being implemented:All environmental control measures contained in this REF will be diligentlyimplemented and reported.Any approvals required under relevant environmental legislation are obtained andthe conditions therein diligently implemented.An environmental management plan is prepared for the project works to ensurethat all environmental requirements of the project are implemented.Name:Position:Date:Warrawee Substation Project/Review of Environmental FactorsPage 63 of 64

References7. ReferencesChapman, G.A., Murphy, C.L., Tille, P.J., Atkinson, G. and Morse, R.J. 1983. SoilLandscape Sheet of Sydney (9130), Soil Conservation Service of NSW.Department of Environment and Climate Change (DECC) 2008, Waste ClassificationGuidelines, viewed 20 May 2011,http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/waste/envguidlns/index.htm.DECCW 2010. Due Diligence Code of Practice for the Protection of Aboriginal Objectsin New South Wales. Department of Environment and Climate Change, September2010.GHD 2007. Geotechnical Investigation Report. February 2007Herbert C., 1983, Sydney 1:100 000 Geological Sheet 9130, 1st edition. GeologicalSurvey of New South Wales, Sydney.Warrawee Substation Project/Review of Environmental FactorsPage 64 of 64

ReferencesAppendix ADesign plansWarrawee Substation Project/Review of Environmental Factors

ReferencesAppendix BFlora and Fauna memorandumWarrawee Substation Project/Review of Environmental Factors

22 February 2012ToBen JamesCopy toFrom Rowena Hamer Tel 02 9239 7397Subject Ecology Section REF Job no. 21/197211.1.1 MethodologyDesktop reviewA desktop assessment was undertaken to identify threatened flora and fauna species, populations andecological communities listed under the TSC Act and FM Act, and matters of national environmentalsignificance (MNES) listed under the EPBC Act that may be affected by the proposal. Database recordspertaining to the study area and locality (i.e. within a 10 km radius of the study area) were reviewed andincluded::• NSW Office of Environment and Heritage (OEH) Wildlife Atlas database for records of threatenedspecies listed under the TSC Act (OEH 2012; data supplied by OEH on 12 January 2012).• Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities (DSEWPaC)Protected Matters Online Search Tool for MNES listed under the EPBC Act and predicted to occur inthe locality (DSEWPaC 2012; database queried on 21 February 2012).• Department of Primary Industries (DPI) Threatened Species Records Viewer (DPI 2012; databasequeried 21 February 2012) for threatened species listed under the FM Act and recorded within theSydney Metropolitan catchment.• Broad-scale vegetation mapping of south-east NSW to identify threatened ecological communitiesmapped as occurring within the locality of the site (Tozer et al 2010).The habitat resources present at the site (determined during the site inspection) were compared with theknown habitat associations/requirements of the threatened and migratory biota highlighted by thedesktop review. This was used to determine the likelihood of each threatened ecological community,endangered population and threatened or migratory species occurring at the site. The results of thisassessment are presented in Appendix B.Site inspectionA 3 hour site inspection was undertaken by one ecologist on 22 February 2012. The extent of theproposed works was inspected in company with members of the planning and design teams. All floraspecies observed were recorded on pro-forma field sheets. Flora species which could not be identified inthe field were sampled and identified in the office using standard field guides.The site was systematically searched for fauna habitat resources, particularly those of relevance tothreatened biota potentially present in the locality. Examples of habitat resources include hollow-bearing21/19721/178011

trees, known food tree species, wetland areas and rock outcrops. Opportunistic observations of faunaspecies were also recorded: species were identified by sight, by call or by observation of scats, tracks orother traces.1.1.2 Existing EnvironmentThe site is highly modified and shows evidence of historic clearing, soil disturbance and reprofiling, anddumping of fill and construction materials. The site is dominated by a variety of garden ornamental andweed species, with large cleared areas along the railway line and access tracks. The rail corridor issurrounded by residential areas with little connectivity to areas of native vegetation.To the north of Brentwood Avenue, the site slopes up towards Warrawee station and is relatively dry,with planted street trees along the eastern boundary of the rail corridor and a thin strip of nativeunderstorey plants bordering the railway cutting.South from Brentwood Avenue, the site is divided by a steep east-facing slope. Above the slope anddirectly adjacent to the railway line the site comprises cleared grassy areas bordered by a dense thicketof weeds, which continue down the slope. Approximately 20 m south from the northern end of BrentwoodAvenue, stormwater enters the site from a small culvert under the railway track and flows downhill alongthe bottom of the slope, flowing into a small unnamed drainage channel which also passes under therailway track at the southern limit of the site.FloraOne hundred and six flora species from 54 families were recorded during the site inspection, of which 62were exotic (see Appendix A). No threatened flora species were observed or are likely to occur.Cleared grassy areas of the site occur along the railway line and access tracks and are regularly slashedor mowed to provide access and prevent encroachment of vegetation onto the railway line. These areasare dominated by exotic grasses such as Paspalum (Paspalum dilatatum*), Common Couch (Cynodondactylon*) and Narrow-leaved Carpet Grass (Axonopus fissifolius*) and herbs such as Clover (Trifoliumspp.*), Cobbler’s Pegs (Bidens pilosa*) and Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale*). In moist areas in thesouth-east of the site, a variety of moisture-loving grasses and semi-aquatic plants become moredominant, including Kikuyu (Pennisetum clandestinum*), Umbrella Sedge (Cyperus eragrostis*),Creeping Buttercup (Ranunculus repens*) and Juncus usitatus*.The majority of the vegetation is dominated by exotic and ornamental species. Planted street trees occuralong the fence in the eastern side of the site, and include Camphor Laurel (Cinnamomum camphora*),Pin Oak (Quercus palustris*) and Liquidambar (Liquidambar styraciflua*). The majority of these streettrees have been slated for removal due to safety concerns. Dense stands of Bamboo (Phyllostachyssp.*) occur under these trees south from the end of Brentwood Avenue, with occurrences of SweetPittosporum (Pittosporum undulatum), Privet (Ligustrum spp.*) and other weeds. Dense thickets ofLantana (Lantana camara*) and Blackberry (Rubus fruticosus spp. agg.*) dominate the steep slope in thesouth of the site, interspersed with numerous exotic shrubs and climbers such as Wild Tobacco(Solanum mauritianum*), Moth Vine (Araujia sericifera*) and Balloon Vine (Cardiospermumgrandiflorum*).21/19721/1780112

There is a thin strip of predominately native understorey species which occurs along the edge of therailway cutting in the north of the site. The over-storey has been cleared and the vegetation does notexceed 1 m in height. This strip is dominated by Spiny-headed Mat-rush (Lomandra longifolia) andBracken (Pteridium esculentum) with scattered shrubs such as Leucopogon lanceolatus and MontpellierBroom (Genista monspessulana*). There are a variety of native herbs, climbers and grasses such asKangaroo Grass (Themeda australis), Small-leaf Glycine (Glycine microphylla) and Pastel Flower(Pseudathemum variabile). Given the lack of over-storey, small area and level of weed encroachmentinto this remnant it is not possible to map this area as a native vegetation community type.Noxious WeedsThe Noxious Weeds Act 2003 provides for the declaration of noxious weeds in local government areas.Landowners and occupiers must control noxious weeds according to the control category specified in theAct. Public authorities must control noxious weeds according to the control category to the extentnecessary to prevent their spread to adjoining land. The site contains 16 species declared as noxiousweeds in the Hornsby Local Government Area (LGA), as shown in Table 1 below.Table 1Declared noxious weeds of the Hornsby LGA recorded during the field survey.SpeciesControlcategoryLegal RequirementsAsparagus fern [Asparagus aethiopicus] 4Balloon vine [Cardiospermum grandiflorum] 4Blackberry [Rubus fruticosus aggregatespecies]4Bridal Creeper (Asparagus asparagoides) 4Camphor laurel (Cinnamomum camphora) 4Cape Ivy (Delairea odorata) 4Lantana (Lantana camara*) 4Madeira vine (Anredera cordifolia) 4The growth of the plant must be managed in amanner that reduces its numbers spread andincidence and continuously inhibits itsreproduction and the plant must not be soldpropagated or knowingly distributedMorning Glory (Ipomoea indica) 4Ochna (Ochna serrulata) 4Trad (Tradescantia fluminensis) 4Turkey Rhubarb (Acetosa sagittata) 4Broad-leaf Privet (Ligustrum lucidum) 4 The growth of the plant must be managed in a21/19721/1780113

SpeciesControlcategoryLegal RequirementsNarrow-leaf Privet (Ligustrum sinense) 4 manner that reduces its numbers spread andincidence and continuously inhibits itsflowering and reproductionRhizatomous Bamboo (Phyllostachys sp.) 4 The growth of the plant must be managed in amanner that continuously inhibits its vegetativereproduction and the plant must not be soldpropagated or knowingly distributedCape Broom (Genista monspessulana) 3 The plant must be fully and continuouslysuppressed and destroyedFaunaThirteen bird species, three reptile species and two frog species were recorded opportunistically duringthe site visit, including two exotic bird species (see Appendix A). No threatened fauna species wereobserved: only common, generalist species typical of highly disturbed urban areas were recorded.Habitats at the site would have limited value for native fauna, given the degree of disturbance observedand lack of native vegetation.The aggressive Noisy Miner (Manorina melanocephala) was the most frequently observed andapparently dominant bird species at the site. Other species observed were typically large birds commonin urban gardens, such as the Sulphur-crested Cockatoo (Cacatua galerita), Rainbow Lorikeet(Trichoglossus haematodus), and Red Wattlebird (Anthochaera carunculata). Dense stands of exoticvegetation would have potential value as shelter habitat for small birds, but these stands are small andfragmented and would have limited value for most bird species given the observed presence ofaggressive species such as the Noisy Miner.Flooded areas of the site would support small numbers of common frog species such as the CommonEastern Froglet (Crinia signifera) and Striped Marsh Frog (Limnodynastes peronii), which were recordedduring the site visit. Eastern Water Skinks (Eulamprus quoyii) were also observed basking near theculvert outlets. The drainage line to the south of the site and flooded grassy areas would provide habitatfor these common, generalist frogs and reptiles and other such species able to persist in urbanenvironments. There is no habitat for any threatened frogs or aquatic fauna at the site.1.1.1 Conservation significanceIn summary, the site comprises highly disturbed vegetation with few habitat resources for native fauna,and is therefore considered to have low conservation significance. There is no vegetation at the sitewhich would correspond to any threatened ecological community, and it is considered highly unlikely thatany threatened flora species would occur. Four threatened fauna species and two migratory birds mayoccur at the site on an occasional or opportunistic basis, but would be highly unlikely to be dependent onhabitats at the site for their conservation in the locality.21/19721/1780114

The desktop assessment highlighted the following threatened biota and MNES listed under the TSC, FMand/or EPBC Acts which have been previously recorded or are predicted to occur within the locality ofthe site (see Appendix B):10 threatened ecological communities (10 listed under the TSC Act, three under the EPBC Act).33 threatened flora species (32 TSC Act, 27 EPBC Act).47 threatened fauna species (44 TSC Act, one FM Act, 21 EPBC Act).1 endangered population (listed under the TSC Act only).12 migratory species (listed under the EPBC Act only).1 National Heritage Place (listed under the EPBC Act only).Of these, four threatened fauna and two migratory species were considered to have the potential tooccur within the site at least on occasion, based in the habitats present. These species are discussedbelow. No World Heritage Properties, Wetlands of International Significance (Ramsar sites) orCommonwealth Marine Areas were indicated as occurring within the locality.Threatened ecological communitiesNo vegetation corresponding to a threatened ecological community was recorded within the site. BlueGum High Forest, a critically endangered ecological community under both the TSC and EPBC Acts, isknown to occur to the north of the site adjacent to Warrawee station (RailCorp 2004). The site mayhistorically have supported this threatened ecological community, but would have very limited capacity toregenerate given the historic soil disturbance and current land use and degree of weed infestation.Threatened floraNo threatened flora species were observed during the site inspection. The small size of the site allowedfor relatively thorough targeted searches for these species to be undertaken. Most of the site is clearedof all native vegetation and regularly mown, while areas with vegetation are dominated by weeds andgarden ornamental plants and is therefore considered to be unsuitable habitat for threatened floraspecies (see Appendix B). The majority of the soil profile has been modified by historic earthworks ordumping of fill material. Given the degree of historic and ongoing disturbance, it is considered veryunlikely that any threatened flora species would persist within the soil seedbank at the site.Threatened faunaOf the 47 threatened fauna species highlighted by the desktop assessment, the majority are consideredto be highly unlikely to occur at the site based on the habitats present (see Appendix B). Four mobilethreatened fauna species are considered to have the potential to occur at the site on an occasional oropportunistic basis, but habitats at the site would be unlikely to be important for the conservation of thesespecies in the locality. These species are discussed below.The Grey-headed Flying-fox (Pteropus poliocephalus) is listed as Vulnerable under both the NSW TSCAct and the Commonwealth EPBC Act. The species is commonly observed throughout Sydney suburbs,and forages on a variety of fruits, leaves, pollen and nectar including the fruits of exotic plant speciessuch as those found at the site. Vegetation at the site would comprise a negligible proportion of foraginghabitat available to this highly mobile species, which may travel up to 50 km in a night to forage (Eby and21/19721/1780115

Law 2008). The species roosts and breeds communally in camps which may support thousands ofindividuals: the closest camp is located at Gordon, over 4 km from the site.The Powerful Owl (Ninox strenua) is listed as Vulnerable under the TSC Act. Individuals are regularlyobserved in the Hornsby area (OEH 2012) and may forage in suburban areas including parks andgardens (Higgins 1999). This species is also highly mobile, with a home range of 400- 1 450 ha (DEC2005) and vegetation at the site would therefore comprise a negligible proportion of foraging habitatavailable for local individuals. There is no breeding or roosting habitat for this species at the site.An endangered population of the Gang-gang Cockatoo (Callocaphalon fimbriatus) is listed under theTSC Act as occurring in the Hornsby and Ku-ring-gai LGAs. The species is also listed as Vulnerableunder the TSC Act. Gang-gang Cockatoos feed on seeds, particularly Eucalyptus and Acacia, and alsoon berries, fruit and insects (Higgins 1999). Individuals may therefore forage at the site on occasion,however vegetation at the site would represent a negligible proportion of the habitats available in thelocal area. There are no hollow-bearing trees at the site which would provide breeding habitat for thisspecies.The Eastern Bentwing-bat (MIniopterus schreibersii oceanensis) is a cave roosting bat which is alsoknown to roost in made-made structures such as culverts or under bridges. It inhabits various habitatsfrom open grasslands to woodlands, wet and dry sclerophyll forests and rainforest (Churchill 2008).Individuals of this species may roost in culverts or stormwater tunnels in the site or surrounding areaand/or may forage above the site on occasion. There is no breeding habitat within the site or locality:there are only four known maternity caves in NSW for this species.Migratory faunaThe site has little value for migratory species given the lack of continuous vegetation or significant habitatresources such as wetland areas or abundant fruiting and/or flowering plants. Two species of migratorybirds listed under the EPBC Act were identified as having the potential to occur at the site (see AppendixB): both the Fork-tailed Swift (Apus pacificus) and White-throated Needletail (Hirundapus caudacutus)are almost exclusively aerial in Australia. Individuals of these species may forage in aerial habitats overthe site but would be unlikely to land. Both species breed in the northern hemisphere.National Heritage PlacesThe Ku-ring-gai Chase National Park, Lion, Long and Spectacle Island Nature Reserves are listed as aNational Heritage Place under the EPBC Act. The site is several kilometres from Ku-ring-gai ChaseNational Park and is separated from it by urban and residential development. Lion, Long and SpectacleIsland Nature Reserves are over 3 kilometres from the site.1.1.3 Impact assessmentVegetation and habitat clearanceThe proposal would not remove any areas of native or regrowth vegetation. The small strip of nativeunderstorey species along the edge of the railway cutting in the north of the site would not be cleared forthe proposal: this area would be fenced off from construction activities and retained.21/19721/1780116

Most of the street trees observed throughout the north of the site are to be removed due to safetyconcerns, as they overhang neighbouring properties and power lines. This removal is to be undertakenas part of maintenance activities and does not form part of this proposal.The current proposal would involve clearing small areas of exotic vegetation, predominately composed ofexotic grasses, climbers and dense thickets of Lantana and other weeds. It may also result in theremoval of a small number of exotic street trees not removed as part of maintenance activities. Thisvegetation has minimal habitat value for native fauna and its removal would be highly unlikely to affectthe persistence of local populations of any native fauna species.Indirect impactsIndirect impacts on areas of native vegetation as a result of the proposal are unlikely: the site is borderedto the east and west by rail infrastructure and streets or residential areas, and slopes away from plantednative vegetation to the north. Vegetation to the south of the site (downslope) consists of dense weedthickets with few native plants.The proposal has the potential to impact on water quality in the unnamed drainage line to the south ofthe site through altered hydrology and transfer of sediments. These impacts and appropriate mitigationmeasures are discussed in Sections 3.1 and 3.4. This drainage line has minimal habitat value for nativefauna, and it is anticipated that standard environmental controls would prevent impacts on downstreamareas.Impacts on threatened and migratory biotaThreatened ecological communitiesNo native vegetation would be affected by the proposal. Environmental management measures would beimplemented to control sediments and runoff from the construction area, and would further limit anypotential impacts on nearby areas of vegetation. No impacts on threatened ecological communities aretherefore anticipated as a result of the proposal.Threatened floraNo threatened flora species are considered likely to occur at the site, and none would be impacted by theproposal.Threatened faunaThe proposal would not remove any roosting, nesting or breeding habitat for any of the four threatenedspecies considered to have the potential to occur on the site. No areas of native vegetation would beremoved. The proposal may affect minimal areas of marginally suitable foraging habitat for these speciesby removing small areas of exotic vegetation. Such habitat is extremely common throughout the locality,and habitats at the site would represent a negligible proportion of foraging habitat available to thesehighly mobile species. The proposal is therefore considered highly unlikely to affect local populations ofthese species, and no assessments of significance have been prepared.Migratory speciesAerial habitats would not be affected by the proposal. Neither of the two species considered to have thepotential to occur at the site would be likely to land, therefore no impacts on migratory species are21/19721/1780117

anticipated as a result of the proposal. No assessment of significance for impacts on migratory specieshas been prepared.1.1.4 Recommended mitigation measuresThe following mitigation measures are recommended to minimise potential adverse impacts of theproposal on native biota:The small strip of native vegetation along the cutting in the north of the site should be fenced prior toconstruction. All construction activities should be excluded from this area.Standard environmental controls should be implemented to prevent erosion and contaminated runoffduring construction to prevent impacts on surrounding areas and waterways.Disturbed areas should be revegetated following completion of construction activities to limit thepotential for erosion and sediment loss. Where possible revegetation should use native species oflocal provenance.2 ReferencesChurchill, S. (2008).Australian Bats. Second Edition. Allen & Unwin, Australia.DEC (2005) Department of Environment, Climate Change and Water (NSW) Threatened Species profileswebsite http://www.threatenedspecies.environment.nsw.gov.au/tsprofile/index.aspx (Viewed February2012).DPI (2012). Online Records Viewer. Online resource < http://www.dpi.nsw.gov.au/fisheries/speciesprotection/records>,accessed February 2012. Department of Primary Industries NSW.DSEWPaC (2012) EPBC Online Protected Matters Database (queried February 2012), Department ofSustainability. Environment, Water, Population and Communities.Eby, P. and Law, B. (2008). Ranking the feeding habitats of Grey-headed flying foxes for conservationmanagement: a report for The Department of Environment and Climate Change (NSW) & TheDepartment of Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts. Available fromhttp://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/resources/threatenedspecies/GHFFmainreport.pdf . Accessed 07July 2010.Higgins, P.J. (Ed) (1999), Handbook of Australian, New Zealand and Antarctic Birds, vol. 4, OxfordUniversity Press, Melbourne.OEH (2012) NPWS Wildlife Atlas data. Office of Environment and Heritage (NSW). (Data supplied byOEH Wildlife Data Unit, 12 January 2012).Tozer, M.G., Turner, K., Keith, D.A., Tindall, D., Pennay, C., Simpson, C., MacKenzie, B., Beukers, P.and Co, S. (2010) Native vegetation of southeast NSW: a revised classification and map for the coastand eastern tablelands. Cunninghamia 11(3): 359-406.21/19721/1780118

Appendix AFauna and Flora Species Lists21/19721/178007 Warrawee Substation ProjectReview of Environmental Factors

Fauna species listFamily Scientific Name Common NameFrogsTSCStatusObservationTypeMyobatrachidae Crinia signifera Common Eastern Froglet 0 WLimnodynastes peronii Brown-striped Frog 0 WBirdsAlcedinidae Dacelo novaeguineae Laughing Kookaburra 0 WArtamidae Cracticus tibicen Australian Magpie 0 WCracticus torquatus Grey Butcherbird 0 WCacatuidae Cacatua galerita Sulphur-crested Cockatoo 0 WCampephagidaeCoracinanovaehollandiae Black-faced Cuckoo-shrike 0 WCoracina tenuirostris Cicadabird 0 WColumbidae *Columba livia Rock Dove 0 WMeliphagidaeAnthochaeracarunculata Red Wattlebird 0 OManorinamelanocephala Noisy Miner 0 OMonarchidae Grallina cyanoleuca Magpie-lark 0 WPsittacidaeTrichoglossushaematodus Rainbow Lorikeet 0 WPsophodidae Psophodes olivaceus Eastern Whipbird 0 WSturnidae *Sturnus tristis Common Myna 0 OReptilesScincidae Eulamprus quoyii Eastern Water-skink 0 OLampropholis delicataLampropholisguichenotiDark-flecked GardenSunskink 0 OPale-flecked GardenSunskink 0 O21/19721/178007 Warrawee Substation ProjectReview of Environmental Factors

Flora species listFamily Scientific Name Common NameTSCStatusAcanthaceae Pseuderanthemum variabile Pastel FlowerApiaceae Centella asiatica Indian Pennywort* Daucus carota Wild CarrotApocynaceae * Araujia sericifera Moth VineAraliaceae Polyscias sambucifolia Elderberry PanaxAsparagaceae * Asparagus aethiopicus Asparagus Fern* Asparagus asparagoides Bridal CreeperAsteraceae * Bidens pilosa Cobbler's PegsBrachyscome angustifolia* Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle* Conyza bonariensis Flaxleaf Fleabane* Delairea odorata Cape IvyEuchiton sp.Euchiton sphaericusA CudweedStar Cudweed* Osteospermum ecklonis Cape Daisy* Senecio madagascariensis Fireweed* Sonchus oleraceus Common Sowthistle* Taraxacum officinale DandelionBignoniaceae * Jacaranda mimosifolia JacarandaBlechnaceae Blechnum cartilagineum Gristle FernCampanulaceae Wahlenbergia gracilis Sprawling BluebellCaprifoliaceae * Lonicera japonicaJapaneseHoneysuckleCaryophyllaceae * Stellaria media Common ChickweedClusiaceae Hypericum gramineum Small St John's WortCommelinaceae Commelina cyanea Native Wandering Jew* Tradescantia fluminensis Wandering Jew21/19721/178007 Warrawee Substation ProjectReview of Environmental Factors

Family Scientific Name Common NameTSCStatusConvulvulaceae * Ipomoea indica Morning GloryCupressaceaeCyatheaceaeCallitris sp.Cyathea sp.Cyperaceae * Cyperus eragrostis Umbrella SedgeDennstaedtiaceae Pteridium esculentum BrackenDilleniaceae Hibbertia aspera Rough Guinea FlowerEricaceaeLeucopogon lanceolatusFabaceae(Caesalpinioideae) * Senna pendula var. glabrataFabaceae(Faboideae)Desmodium rhytidophyllum* Genista monspessulana Montpellier BroomGlycine microphyllaHardenbergia violaceaSmall-leaf GlycineFalse Sarsaparilla* Medicago sp. A Medic* Trifolium arvense Haresfoot Clover* Trifolium campestre Hop Clover* Trifolium subterraneum Subterranean CloverFabaceae(Mimosoideae) Acacia implexa Hickory WattleAcacia sp.WattleFagaceae * Quercus palustris Pin OakGentianaceae * Centaurium tenuiflorumBranched Centaury,Slender centauryGeraniaceae Geranium solanderi Native GeraniumHaloragaceae Gonocarpus tetragynus Poverty RaspwortHamamelidaceae * Liquidambar styraciflua SweetgumJuncaceaeJuncus usitatusLauraceae * Cinnamomum camphora Camphor Laurel21/19721/178007 Warrawee Substation ProjectReview of Environmental Factors

Family Scientific Name Common NameTSCStatusLiliaceae * Lilium formosanum Formosan LilyLobeliaceae Pratia purpurascens WhiterootLomandraceaeLomandra longifoliaSpiny-headed MatrushLythraceae * Lagerstroemia indica Crepe MyrtleMalaceae * Cotoneaster sp.* Modiola caroliniana Red-flowered Mallow* Sida rhombifolia Paddy's LucerneMyrtaceae Callistemon citrinus Crimson BottlebrushEucalyptus sp.Leptospermum polygalifoliumMelaleuca quinquenerviaTantoonBroad-leavedPaperbarkOchnaceae * Ochna serrulata Mickey Mouse PlantOleaceae * Ligustrum lucidum Large-leaved Privet* Ligustrum sinense Small-leaved Privet* Olea europaea Common OliveOnagraceaeEpilobium billardierianumOxalidaceae * Oxalis corniculata Creeping OxalisPinaceae * Pinus sp.Pittosporaceae Billardiera scandens Hairy Apple BerryPittosporum undulatumSweet PittosporumPlantaginaceae * Plantago lanceolata Lamb's TonguesPoaceae * Axonopus fissifoliusNarrow-leafed CarpetGrass* Briza maxima Quaking Grass* Bromus catharticus Praire GrassCynodon dactylonCommon Couch21/19721/178007 Warrawee Substation ProjectReview of Environmental Factors

Family Scientific Name Common NameTSCStatusDichelachne micranthaShorthair Plumegrass* Echinochloa esculenta Japanese MilletEchinopogon caespitosusBushy Hedgehoggrass* Ehrharta erecta Panic Veldtgrass* Eleusine tristachya Goose GrassEntolasia strictaWiry Panic* Eragrostis curvula African LovegrassEriochloa pseudoacrotrichaMicrolaena stipoidesEarly Spring GrassWeeping GrassOplismenus aemulus* Paspalum dilatatum Paspalum* Pennisetum clandestinum Kikuyu Grass* Phyllostachys sp.* Setaria pumila Pale Pigeon GrassSporobolus creberThemeda australisSlender Rat's TailGrassKangaroo GrassPolygonaceae * Acetosa sagittata Rambling Dock* Acetosella vulgaris Sheep SorrelPersicaria orientalisPrinces FeathersProteaceae Hakea sericea NeedlebushRanunculaceae * Ranunculus repens Creeping ButtercupRosaceae * Rubus fruticosus sp. agg. Blackberry complexSapindaceae * Cardiospermum grandiflorum Balloon VineSimaroubaceae * Ailanthus altissima Tree of HeavenSolanaceae * Solanum mauritianum Wild Tobacco Bush21/19721/178007 Warrawee Substation ProjectReview of Environmental Factors

Family Scientific Name Common NameTSCStatus* Solanum nigrumBlack-berryNightshadeVerbenaceae * Lantana camara Lantana* Verbena bonariensis PurpletopZamiaceae Macrozamia communis BurrawangZingiberaceae * Hedychium gardnerianum Ginger Lily* Denotes exotic species21/19721/178007 Warrawee Substation ProjectReview of Environmental Factors

Appendix BThreatened Biota21/19721/178007 Warrawee Substation ProjectReview of Environmental Factors

Threatened biota known or predicted from the locality, habitat association and suitable habitat present at the subject siteNotes:Marine and littoral threatened species (particularly shorebirds) which are restricted to coastal or estuarine environments were excluded from the threatened biotatable.Wildlife Atlas records: only records from 1980 or later were considered. The date of the last record is included for any species which have not been recordedwithin the last 20 years.A search of the DPI online records viewer (DPI 2011a) and OEH Bionet websites revealed no records of threatened fish species within the Sydney Metropolitancatchment.Scientific Name Common NameTSC/FMActEPBC Act Habitat Association Nature of Record Likelihood ofoccurrencePotential for impactsEECsBangalay SandForest in theSydney Basinand South EastCornerbioregionsEEC - Associated with coastal sand plains on deep, freely draining todamp sandy soils on flat to moderate slopes within a few kmof the sea and below 100 m asl. Known from Sutherland southto Bega Valley LGA.Variable structure with a dense to open tree canopy from 5 -20 m tall, dependant on exposure and disturbance history.Characteristic species include Eucalyptus botryoides andBanksia integrifolia subsp. integrifolia over an opensclerophyllous or mesophyllous shrub stratum, with anunderstorey of grasses, forbs and/or sedges.Mapped asoccurring within10km (Tozer et al2010)Does not occur.Nil.Blue Gum HighForestCEEC CEEC Occurs on the Hornsby Plateau, north eastern edge of theCumberland Plain with most remnants in Hornsby, Ku-ring-gaiand Baulkham Hills LGAs. Typically occurs in high rainfall areason fertile soils derived from Wianamatta shale. Grades intoSydney Turpentine-Ironbark Forest at lower rainfall areas.Moist, tall open forest characterised by Eucalyptus saligna andE. pilularis. Usually has small tree layer of Pittosporumundulatum, Elaeocarpus reticulatus and Allocasuarina torulosaMapped asoccurring within10km (Tozer et al2010)Predicted to occurwithin 10km(DSEWPaC 2012a)Does not occur.May haveoccurredhistorically, butpotential toregenerate verylow given historicNil.

Scientific Name Common NameTSC/FMActEPBC Act Habitat Association Nature of Record Likelihood ofoccurrencePotential for impactsover a low, open shrub layer and an understorey of grasses,herbs and ferns.and ongoingdisturbances.CoastalSaltmarsh in theNSW NorthCoast, SydneyBasin and SouthEast CornerbioregionsEEC - Occurs on landward side of mangrove stands in intertidalzones along the shores of estuaries and lagoons that arepermanently or intermittently open to the sea.Characterised by Baumea juncea, Juncus kraussii, Sarcocorniaquinqueflora, Sporobolus virginicus, Triglochin striata, Isolepisnodosa, Samolus repens, Selliera radicans, Suaeda australis andZoysia macrantha, with occasional scattered mangrovesoccurring throughout the saltmarsh. Saltpans and tall reedsmay also occur.Mapped asoccurring within10km (Tozer et al2010)Does not occur.Nil.FreshwaterWetlands onCoastalFloodplainsEEC - Occurs in coastal areas subject to periodic flooding withstanding fresh water for at least part of the year. Typically onsilts, muds or humic loams below 20 m elevation in low-lyingparts of floodplains, alluvial flats, depressions, drainage lines,backswamps, lagoons and lakes.Structure and composition varies spatially and temporallydepending on the water regime, though is usually dominatedby herbaceous plants and has few woody species.Mapped asoccurring within10km (Tozer et al2010)Does not occur.Nil.River-FlatEucalypt Foreston CoastalFloodplains ofthe NSWNorth Coast,EEC - Occurs on flats, drainage lines and river terraces of coastalfloodplains where flooding is periodic and soils generally rich insilt, lack deep humic layers and have little or no saline (salt)influence. Occurs south from Port Stephens in the NSWNorth Coast, Sydney Basin and South East Corner bioregions.Characterised by a tall open canopy layer of eucalypts withMapped asoccurring within10km (Tozer et al2010)Does not occur.Nil.

Scientific Name Common NameTSC/FMActEPBC Act Habitat Association Nature of Record Likelihood ofoccurrencePotential for impactsSydney Basinand South EastCornerbioregionsvariable species composition.Shale-sandstoneTransitionForestEEC EEC Occurs on the edges of the Cumberland Plain where clay soilson shale intergrade with sandstone soils, or where shale capsoverlay sandstone.Species composition variable depending on soil influences.Dominant tree species include Eucalyptus tereticornis, E.punctata, E. globoidea, E. eugenioides, E. fibrosa and E. crebra.Areas with a low sandstone influence have an understoreycloser to Cumberland Plain Woodland.Mapped asoccurring within10km (Tozer et al2010)Does not occur.Nil.Swamp OakFloodplainforest of theNSW NorthCoast, Sydneybasin and SouthEast CornerBioregionsEEC - Typically occurs below 20m asl on waterlogged or periodicallyinundated flats, drainage lines, lake margins and estuarinefringes on coastal floodplains of NSW. Associated with greyblackclay-loams and sandy loams, saline or sub-salinegroundwater.Structure variable from open forests to scrubs or reedlandswith scattered trees. Canopy dominated by Casuarina glauca(north of Bermagui) or Melaleuca ericifolia (south ofBermagui). Understorey characterised by frequent occurrencesof vines, a sparse cover of shrubs, and a continuousgroundcover of forbs, sedges, grasses and leaf litter.Mapped asoccurring within10km (Tozer et al2010)Does not occur.Nil.SwampSclerophyllforest onCoastalEEC - Usually occurs below 20m asl (sometimes up to 50m).Associated with humic clay loams and sandy loams, onwaterlogged or periodically inundated alluvial flats and drainagelines associated with coastal floodplains.Mapped asoccurring within10km (Tozer et al2010)Does not occur.Nil.

Scientific Name Common NameTSC/FMActEPBC Act Habitat Association Nature of Record Likelihood ofoccurrencePotential for impactsfloodplains ofthe NSWNorth Coast,Sydney Basinand South EastCornerbioregionsCharacterised by open to dense tree layer of eucalypts andpaperbarks, with trees up to or higher than 25 m. Includesareas of fern land and tall reed or sedge land, where trees aresparse or absent.SydneyTurpentine-Ironbark ForestEEC CEEC Occurs on the Cumberland Plain , with most remnants inBaulkham Hills, Hawkesbury, Hornsby, Ku-ring-gai, Parramatta,Ryde, Sutherland and Wollondilly LGAs.Open forest characterised by Syncarpia glomulifera, Eucalyptuspunctata, Eucalyptus paniculata and E. eugenoides. In areas ofhigh rainfall (over 1050 mm per annum) E. saligna is moredominant. Sparse shrub stratum of Pittosporum undulatumand Polyscias sambucifolia.Mapped asoccurring within10km (Tozer et al2010)Predicted to occurwithin 10km(DSEWPaC 2012a)Does not occur.Nil.WesternSydney DryRainforest inthe SydneyBasin BioregionEEC - Restricted to hilly country where it occurs on clay soils derivedfrom Wianamatta shale on sheltered lower slopes and gullies.Very restricted and occurs mostly in the Razorback Rangenear Picton. Outlying occurrences at Grose Vale and Cattai.Canopy trees include Melaleuca styphelioides, Acacia implexaand Alectryon subcinereus. Shrub layer includes rainforestspecies Notolaea longifolia, Clerodendrum tomentosum andPittosporum revolutum. The shrub layer combines with vinesto form dense thickets in sheltered locations.Mapped asoccurring within10km (Tozer et al2010)Does not occur.Nil.

Scientific Name Common NameTSC/FMActEPBC Act Habitat Association Nature of Record Likelihood ofoccurrencePotential for impactsFLORAAcaciabynoeanaBynoe's Wattle E V Endemic to central eastern NSW, currently known fromonly 34 locations, many of only 1-5 plants.Grows mainly in heath/ dry sclerophyll forest on sandy soils,prefers open, sometimes slightly disturbed subject sites suchas trail margins, road edges, and in recently burnt openpatches. Flowers September to March, and fruit matures inNovember.5 records within10km (OEH2012a)Predicted to occurwithin 10km(DSEWPaC 2012a)Unlikely.No suitable habitat.Nil.AcaciapubescensDowny Wattle V V Occurs mainly in Bankstown-Fairfield-Rookwood and PittTown areas, with outliers at Barden Ridge, Oakdale andMountain Lagoon.Grows on alluviums, shales and shale/sandstone intergrades.Soils characteristically gravely, often with ironstone. Occursin open woodland and forest, in communities includingCooks River/ Castlereagh Ironbark Forest, Shale/ GravelTransition Forest and Cumberland Plain Woodland. FlowersAugust to October.2 records within10km (OEH2012a)Predicted to occurwithin 10km(DSEWPaC 2012a)Unlikely.Suitable habitat mayhave occurredhistorically, butpotential to regeneratevery low given historicand ongoingdisturbances.Nil.AsterolasiaelegansE E Occurs north of Sydney, in the Baulkham Hills, Hawkesburyand Hornsby LGAs, may also occur in the western part ofGosford LGA. 7 known populations. Occurs on Hawkesburysandstone, commonly amongst rocky outcrops and bouldersin sheltered forests on mid- to lower slopes and valleys.Predicted to occurwithin 10km(DSEWPaC 2012a)Unlikely.No suitable habitat.Nil.CaladeniatessellataE V Occurs from Central Coast NSW to southern VIC. Mostlycoastal but extends inland to Braidwood in southern NSW.In NSW grows in grassy dry sclerophyll woodland on clayloam or sandy soils, and less commonly in heathland onPredicted to occurwithin 10km(DSEWPaC 2012a)Unlikely.No suitable habitat.Nil.

Scientific Name Common NameTSC/FMActEPBC Act Habitat Association Nature of Record Likelihood ofoccurrencePotential for impactssandy loam soils (Duncan 2010).CallistemonlinearifoliusNetted Bottlebrush V - Recorded from the Georges to Hawkesbury Rivers inSydney, and north to Nelson Bay. There is also a recentrecord from the northern Illawarra. In Sydney, recentrecords are limited to the Hornsby Plateau area near theHawkesbury River.Grows in dry sclerophyll forest on the coast and adjacentranges.11 records within10km (OEH2012a)Unlikely.Suitable habitat mayhave occurredhistorically, butpotential to regeneratevery low given historicand ongoingdisturbances.Nil.CryptostylishunterianaLeafless TongueOrchidV V Occurs in coastal areas from East Gippsland to southernQueensland.Habitat preferences not well defined. Grows mostly incoastal heathlands, margins of coastal swamps andsedgelands, coastal forest, dry woodland, and lowland forest.Prefers open areas in the understorey and is often found inassociation with Cryptostylis subulata and Cryptostyliserecta. Soils include moist sands, moist to dry clay loam andoccasionally in accumulated eucalypt leaves. FlowersNovember-February.Predicted to occurwithin 10km(DSEWPaC 2012a)Unlikely.No suitable habitat.Nil.Darwinia biflora V V Known from north and north-western Sydney, in the Ryde,Baulkham Hills, Hornsby and Ku-Ring-Gai LGAs.Grows on the edges of weathered shale-capped ridges, atthe intergrade with Hawkesbury Sandstone. Occurs in293 records within10km (OEH2012a)Unlikely.Suitable habitat mayhave occurredNil.

Scientific Name Common NameTSC/FMActEPBC Act Habitat Association Nature of Record Likelihood ofoccurrencePotential for impactswoodland, open forest and scrub/heath. Associatedoverstorey species include Eucalyptus haemastoma,Corymbia gummifera and/or E. squamosa.Predicted to occurwithin 10km(DSEWPaC 2012a)historically, butpotential to regeneratevery low given historicand ongoingdisturbances.DarwiniapeduncularisV - Disjunct populations in coastal NSW with isolatedpopulations in the Blue Mountains. Recorded from Brooklyn,Berowra, Galston Gorge, Hornsby, Bargo River, Glen Davis,Mount Boonbourwa and Kings Tableland.Usually grows in dry sclerophyll forest on hillsides and ridges,on or near rocky outcrops on sandy, well drained, lownutrient soil over sandstone.19 records within10km (OEH2012a)Unlikely.No suitable habitat.Nil.DeyeuxiaappressaE E Known only from two pre-1942 records in Sydney, atSaltpan Creek and Killara. May be extinct in the wild.Thought to occur in moist conditions.1 record within10km (OEH2012a)Unlikely.Nil.Predicted to occurwithin 10km(DSEWPaC 2012a)Diuris bracteata - E Extant populations known only from north-west of Gosford.Historically collected at Gladesville in N Sydney.Grows in dry sclerophyll forest and woodland with a grassyunderstorey.1 record within10km (OEH2012a)Unlikely.Suitable habitat mayhave occurredhistorically, butpotential to regeneratevery low given historicand ongoingdisturbances.Nil.

Scientific Name Common NameTSC/FMActEPBC Act Habitat Association Nature of Record Likelihood ofoccurrencePotential for impactsEpacrispurpurascensvar.purpurascensV - Occurs from Gosford in the north, Narrabeen in the east,Silverdale in the west and Avon Dam vicinity in the South.Grows in sclerophyll forest, scrubs and swamps, usually witha strong shale soil influence.106 records within10km (OEH2012a)Unlikely.Suitable habitat mayhave occurredhistorically, butpotential to regeneratevery low given historicand ongoingdisturbances.Nil.EucalyptuscamfieldiiCamfield’sStringybarkV V Occurs from Raymond Terrace to Waterfall, withpopulations at Norah Head (Tuggerah Lakes), Peats Ridge,Mt Colah, Elvina Bay Trail (West Head), Terrey Hills, Killara,North Head, Menai and the Royal NP.Occurs in exposed situations on sandstone plateaus, ridgesand slopes near the coast, often on the boundary of tallcoastal heaths or low open woodland. It grows in shallowsandy soils overlying Hawkesbury sandstone.40 records within10km (OEH2012a)Predicted to occurwithin 10km(DSEWPaC 2012a)Unlikely.No suitable habitat.Nil.EucalyptusnicholliNarrow-leaved BlackPeppermintV V Naturally occurs only in New England Tablelands fromNundle to north of Tenterfield. Widely planted as urbanstreet tree.Grows in dry grassy woodland, on shallow and infertile soils,mainly on granite.7 records within10km (OEH2012a)Unlikely.Outside species’natural distribution.Nil.EucalyptusscopariaE V Occurs mostly in Queensland with only three knownoccurrences in NSW near Tenterfield.In NSW it is found on well-drained granitic hilltops, slopesand outcrops, often as scattered trees in open forest andwoodland.1 record within10km (OEH2012a)Unlikely.Outside species’natural distribution.Nil.

Scientific Name Common NameTSC/FMActEPBC Act Habitat Association Nature of Record Likelihood ofoccurrencePotential for impactsGalium australe Tangled Bedstraw E - In NSW currently known from 13 locations between Sydneyand Eden, with an outlying record from Byabarra on thenorth coast.Range of habitats in NSW including a valley floor, alluvial soilbeside a creek, heathland in a rocky gully, and the top of anescarpment above a creek. In other states known from arange of near-coastal habitats.7 records within10km (OEH2012a)Unlikely.Suitable habitat mayhave occurredhistorically, butpotential to regeneratevery low given historicand ongoingdisturbances.Nil.GenoplesiumbaueriBauer’s MidgeOrchidV - Occurs from Ulladulla to Port Stephens, with only 13 knownextant populations.Grows in sparse sclerophyll forest and moss gardens oversandstone3 records within10km (OEH2012a)Unlikely.No suitable habitat.Nil.GrammitisstenophyllaNarrow-leaf FingerFernEOccurs along the coast of NSW and as far west as Narrabri.Grows in small colonies in moist places, usually near streams,on rocks and in trees in rainforest and moist eucalypt forest.12 records within10km (OEH2012a)Unlikely.No suitable habitat.Nil.Grevillea caleyi Caley's Grevillea E E Restricted to 8 km square area around Terrey Hills.All remnants occur on ridge tops between elevations of 170to 240 m, in association with laterite soils and a vegetationcommunity of open forest, usually Eucalyptus sieberi and E.gummifera.85 records within10km (OEH2012a)Predicted to occurwithin 10km(DSEWPaC 2012a)Unlikely.No suitable habitat.Nil.

Scientific Name Common NameTSC/FMActEPBC Act Habitat Association Nature of Record Likelihood ofoccurrencePotential for impactsGrevilleashiressiiV V Known from only 2 populations near Gosford (at MooneyMooney Creek and Mullet Creek).Grows along creek banks in wet sclerophyll forest with amoist understorey in alluvial sandy or loamy soils2 records within10km (OEH2012a)Unlikely.No suitable habitat.Nil.Haloragodendron lucasiiE E Known from 9 subject sites in a 10km range in the Gordon-Hornsby area.Occurs on Hawkesbury Sandstone in moist sandy loam soil.Prefers sheltered aspects and gentle slopes below cliff linesnear creeks in low open woodland or open forest.Distribution correlated with high soil moisture andphosphorus levels.26 records within10km (OEH2012a)Predicted to occurwithin 10km(DSEWPaC 2012a)Unlikely.No suitable habitat.Nil.LasiopetalumjoyceaeV V Occurs on Hornsby Plateau between Berrilee and DuffysForest, south of the Hawkesbury.Grows on lateritic to shaley ridgetops, in heath onsandstone.31 records within10km (OEH2012a)Predicted to occurwithin 10km(DSEWPaC 2012a)Unlikely.Suitable habitat mayhave occurredhistorically, butpotential to regeneratevery low given historicand ongoingdisturbances.Nil.LeptospermumdeaneiV V Occurs in NW Sydney, in the Hornsby, Warringah, Ku-ringgaiand Ryde LGAs.Grows in woodland on lower hill slopes or near creeks, insandy alluvial soil or sand over sandstone. Occurs in riparianscrub ,woodland and open forest.15 records within10km (OEH2012a)Predicted to occurwithin 10km(DSEWPaC 2012a)Unlikely.No suitable habitat.Nil.

Scientific Name Common NameTSC/FMActEPBC Act Habitat Association Nature of Record Likelihood ofoccurrencePotential for impactsMacadamiatetraphyllaRough-shelled BushNutV V Confined chiefly to the Richmond and Tweed Rivers innorth-east NSW, extending just across the border intoQueensland. Grows in subtropical rainforest, usually near thecoast.1 record within10km (OEH2012a)Unlikely.Outside species’natural distribution.Nil.MeleleucabiconvexaBiconvex Paperbark V V Scattered, disjunct populations in coastal areas from JervisBay to Port Macquarie, with most populations in theGosford-Wyong areas.Grows in damp places, often near streams or low-lying areason alluvial soils of low slopes or sheltered aspects.1 record within10km (OEH2012a)Predicted to occurwithin 10km(DSEWPaC 2012a)Unlikely.No suitable habitat.Nil.MelaleucadeaneiDeane's Paperbark V V Occurs from Nowra- St Albans and west to the BlueMountains, with most records in Ku-ring-gai / Berowra andHolsworthy/Wedderburn areas.Mostly grows on broad flat ridgetops, dry ridges and slopesand strongly associated with low nutrient sandy loam soils,sometimes with ironstone. Grows in heath- open forest,often in sandstone ridgetop woodland communities.77 records within10km (OEH2012a)Predicted to occurwithin 10km(DSEWPaC 2012a)Unlikely.No suitable habitat.Nil.PersooniahirsutaHairy Geebung E E Occurs within the Blue Mountains, Southern Highlands andSydney coastal regions from Hilltop to Glen Davis and RoyalNP to Gosford. Population within the Hills Shire particularlyimportant due to high density of plants.Grows on sandy soils in dry sclerophyll open forest,woodland and heath on sandstone up to 600m above sealevel.3 records within10km (OEH2012a)Predicted to occurwithin 10km(DSEWPaC 2012a)Unlikely.No suitable habitat.Nil.

Scientific Name Common NameTSC/FMActEPBC Act Habitat Association Nature of Record Likelihood ofoccurrencePotential for impactsPersooniamollis subsp.maximaE E Occurs in an approx. 5.75 x 7.5 km area in the HornsbyHeights-Mt Colah area.Grows in sheltered aspects of deep gullies or on the steepupper hillsides of narrow gullies on Hawkesbury Sandstone.These habitats support relatively moist, tall forest vegetationcommunities, often with mesic influences352 records within10km (OEH2012a)Predicted to occurwithin 10km(DSEWPaC 2012a)Unlikely.Suitable habitat mayhave occurredhistorically, butpotential to regeneratevery low given historicand ongoingdisturbances.Nil.PersoonianutansNodding Geebung E E Occurs from Richmond to Macquarie Fields on theCumberland Plain.Grows only on aeolian and alluvial sediments in sclerophyllforest and woodland vegetation communities. Largestpopulations occur in Agnes Banks Woodland or CastlereaghScribbly Gum Woodland.1 record within10km (OEH2012a)Unlikely.No suitable habitat.Nil.Pimeleacurviflora var.curvifloraPimelea curvifloravar. curvifloraV V Confined to area between north Sydney in the south andMaroota in the north-west. Former range extended toParramatta River including Five Dock, Bellevue Hill andManly.Grows on shaley/lateritic soils over sandstone andshale/sandstone transition soils on ridgetops and upperslopes amongst woodlands. Often grows amongst densegrasses and sedges. Flowers October to May.27 records within10km (OEH2012a)Predicted to occurwithin 10km(DSEWPaC 2012a)Unlikely.Suitable habitat mayhave occurredhistorically, butpotential to regeneratevery low given historicand ongoingdisturbances.Nil.Pimelea spicata Spiked Rice Flower E E Disjunct populations within the Cumberland Plain (fromMount Annan and Narellan Vale to Freemans Reach andPenrith to Georges Hall) and Illawarra (from Mt Warrigal toGerroa) (DEC 2005). In the Cumberland Plain region,Predicted to occurwithin 10km(DSEWPaC 2012a)Unlikely.Outside species’known distribution.Nil.

Scientific Name Common NameTSC/FMActEPBC Act Habitat Association Nature of Record Likelihood ofoccurrencePotential for impactsrestricted to areas which support or historically supportedCumberland Plain Woodland. Grows on well-structured claysoils derived from Wianamatta Shale. In the Illawarra, growson variable soils in close proximity to the coast on hills orcoastal headlands. Inhabits coastal woodland or grasslandwith emergent shrubs (DEC 2005).PterostylissaxicolaSydney PlainsGreenhoodE E Occurs in western Sydney between Picton and FreemansReach.Grows in small pockets of shallow soil in depressions onsandstone rock shelves above cliff lines. Associatedvegetation above these rock shelves is sclerophyll forest orwoodland on shale or shale/sandstone transition soils.Predicted to occurwithin 10km(DSEWPaC 2012a)Unlikely.Outside species’known distribution.Nil.SyzygiumpaniculatumMagenta Lilly Pilly V V Occurs in narrow coastal strip from Bulahdelah to ConjolaState Forest.Grows in rainforest on sandy soils or stabilised Quaternarysand dunes at low altitudes in coastal areas, often in remnantlittoral or gallery rainforests.12 records within10km (OEH2012a)Unlikely.No suitable habitat.Nil.TetrathecaglandulosaV V Restricted to The Hills, Gosford, Hawkesbury, Hornsby, Kuring-gai,Pittwater, Ryde, Warringah, and Wyong LGAs.Associated with shale-sandstone transition habitat (shalecappingsover sandstone). Occupies ridgetops, upper-slopesand to a lesser extent mid-slope sandstone benches. Soilsgenerally shallow, yellow, clayey/sandy loam, commonly withlateritic fragments. Vegetation varies from heath to openforest and is broadly equivalent to Sydney SandstoneRidgetop Woodland community.315 records within10km (OEH2012a)Predicted to occurwithin 10km(DSEWPaC 2012a)Unlikely.Suitable habitat mayhave occurredhistorically, butpotential to regeneratevery low given historicand ongoingdisturbances.Nil.

Scientific Name Common Name TSC/FMActFAUNABirdsEPBC Act Habitat Association Nature of Record Likelihood ofoccurrencePotential for impactsBotaurus poiciloptilus Australasian Bittern E E Widespread but uncommon over most NSW exceptthe northwest.Favours permanent freshwater wetlands with talldense reedbeds particularly Typha spp. andEleocharis spp., with adjacent shallow, open water forforaging. Roosts during the day amongst dense reedsor rushes and feeds mainly at night on frogs, fish,yabbies, spiders, insects and snails.1 record within10km (OEH2012a)Predicted to occurwithin 10km(DSEWPaC 2012a)Unlikely.No suitable habitat.Nil.Ninox connivens Barking Owl V - In NSW occurs from coast to inland slopes andplains, though is rare in dense, wet forests east of theGreat Dividing Range and sparse in higher parts ofthe tablelands and in the arid zone. Inhabits eucalyptwoodlands, open forest, swamp woodlands, and,especially in inland areas, timber along watercourses.Roosts along creek lines in dense, tall understoreyfoliage (e.g. in Acacia and Casuarina), or denseeucalypt canopy. Nests in hollows of large, oldeucalypts including Eucalyptus camaldulensis,Eucalyptus albens, Eucalyptus polyanthemos andEucalyptus blakelyi. Birds and mammals importantprey during breeding. Territories range from 30 to200 hectares.9 records within10km (OEH2012a)Unlikely.No suitable habitat.Nil.Ixobrychus flavicollis Black Bittern V - Occurs from southern NSW to Cape York and theKimberley, and southwest WA.2 records within10km (OEHUnlikely.Nil.

Scientific Name Common Name TSC/FMActEPBC Act Habitat Association Nature of Record Likelihood ofoccurrencePotential for impactsInhabits terrestrial and estuarine wetlands, generally inareas of permanent water and dense vegetation. Mayoccur in flooded grassland, forest, woodland,rainforest and mangroves as long as there ispermanent water. Roosts by day in trees or withinreeds on the ground. Nests in branches overhangingwater and breeds from December to March.2012a) No suitable habitat.EphippiorhynchusasiaticusBlack-necked Stork E - Primarily inhabits permanent freshwater wetlands andsurrounding vegetation including swamps, floodplains,watercourses and billabongs, freshwater meadows,wet heathland, farm dams and shallow floodwaters.Will also forage in inter-tidal shorelines, mangrovemargins and estuaries. Feeds in shallow, still water.This species breeds during summer, nesting in or neara freshwater swamp1 record within10km (OEH2012a)Unlikely.No suitable habitat.Nil.NettapuscoromandelianusCotton Pygmy-gooseE - Prefers freshwater lakes, lagoons, swamps and dams,particularly those vegetated with waterlilies and otherfloating and submerged aquatic vegetation. Thisspecies uses standing dead trees with hollows closeto water for roosting and breeding.4 records within10km (OEH2012a)Unlikely.No suitable habitat.Nil.Stagonopleura guttata Diamond Firetail V Typically found west of the Great Dividing Range, butpopulations also occur in drier coastal areas includingW Sydney, Hunter, Clarence and Snowy Rivervalleys. Occurs in grassy eucalypt woodlands includingBox Gum and Snow Gum communities, as well asopen forest, mallee and natural and derivedgrasslands. Often found in riparian areas and1 record within10km (OEH2012a)Unlikely.No suitable habitat.Nil.

Scientific Name Common Name TSC/FMActEPBC Act Habitat Association Nature of Record Likelihood ofoccurrenceoccasionally in lightly wooded farmland. Nests inshrubby understorey or higher up under nests ofother species.Potential for impactsDasyornisbrachypterusEastern Bristlebird E E Occurs in three disjunct areas of south-easternAustralia: southern Queensland/northern NSW, theIllawarra Region and in the vicinity of theNSW/Victorian border. Habitat characterised bydense, low vegetation including heath and openwoodland with a heathy understorey. The fire historyof habitat is important, and the Illawarra and southernpopulations reach maximum densities in habitat thathave not been burnt for over 15 years.Predicted to occurwithin 10km(DSEWPaC 2012a)Unlikely.No suitable habitat.Nil.Pandion haliaetus Eastern Osprey V M Favours coastal areas, especially the mouths of largerivers, lagoons and lakes. They feed on fish over clear,open water. Breeding takes place from July toSeptember in NSW, with nests being built high up indead trees or in dead crowns of live trees, usuallywithin one kilometre of the sea.Petroica phoenicea Flame Robin V - Breeds in upland moist eucalypt forests andwoodlands, often on ridges and slopes, in areas ofopen understorey. Migrates in winter to more openlowland habitats such as grassland with scatteredtrees and open woodland on the inland slopes andplains. Forages from low perches, feeding oninvertebrates taken from the ground, tree trunks, logsand other coarse woody debris. Fallen logs andcoarse woody debris are important habitat1 record from1988 within 10km(OEH 2012a)1 record within10km (OEH2012a)Unlikely.No suitable habitat.Unlikely.No suitable habitat.Nil.Nil.

Scientific Name Common Name TSC/FMActEPBC Act Habitat Association Nature of Record Likelihood ofoccurrencecomponents. Open cup nest of plant fibres andcobweb is often built near the ground in a shelteredniche, ledge or shallow cavity in a tree, stump orbank.Potential for impactsCallocephalonfimbriatumGang-gang Cockatoo V, EP intheHornsbyandKuringaiLGAs- Restricted to SE coast and highlands south from theHunter Valley. Spends summer in tall mountainforests and woodlands, usually heavily timbered andmature wet sclerophyll forests. Winters at loweraltitudes in drier more open eucalypt forest andwoodlands, particularly in coastal areas. Nests insummer in large tree hollows, often close to water,usually in tall mature sclerophyll forests with a denseunderstorey, and occasionally in coastal forests. Feedson seeds, particularly Eucalyptus and Acacia, alsoberries, fruit and insects (Higgins 1999).45 records within10km (OEH2012a)Low.No breeding orroosting habitat.Known population inthe area: individualsmay pass through orforage at the site onoccasion.Nil.No roosting orbreeding habitatwould be affected.Small areas ofpotential foraginghabitat may beremoved.CalyptorhynchuslathamiGlossy Black-CockatooV - Widespread but uncommon from coast to southerntablelands and central western plains. Feeds almostexclusively on the seeds of Allocasuarina species.Prefers woodland and open forests, rarely away fromAllocasuarina. Roost in leafy canopy trees, preferablyeucalypts, usually

Scientific Name Common Name TSC/FMActEPBC Act Habitat Association Nature of Record Likelihood ofoccurrenceacacia woodlands and riparian woodlands of interiorNSW are also used. For nest sites it requires a tallliving tree within a remnant patch, where pairs build alarge stick nest in winter and lay in early spring.Potential for impactsGlossopsitta pusilla Little Lorikeet V - Occurs from coast to western slopes of the GreatDividing Range. Inhabits dry, open eucalypt forestsand woodlands. Feed primarily on profusely-floweringeucalypts and a variety of other species includingmelaleucas and mistletoes. On the western slopesand tablelands Eucalyptus albens and E. melliodoraare particularly important food sources for pollen andnectar respectively. Mostly nests in small (openingapprox. 3cm) hollows in living, smooth-barkedeucalypts, especially Eucalyptus viminalis, E. blakelyiand E. dealbata.Tyto novaehollandiae Masked Owl V - Occurs across NSW except NW corner. Mostcommon on the coast. Inhabits dry eucalyptwoodlands from sea level to 1100 m. Roosts andbreeds in large (>40cm) hollows and sometime cavesin moist eucalypt forested gullies. Hunts along theedges of forests and roadsides. Home range between500 ha and 1000 ha. Prey mostly terrestrial mammalsbut arboreal species may also be taken.9 records within10km (OEH2012a)7 records within10km (OEH2012a)Unlikely.No suitable habitat.Unlikely.No suitable habitat.Nil.Nil.Rostratula benghalensis Painted Snipe (wasAustralian PaintedSnipe)E V, M Normally found in permanent or ephemeral shallowinland wetlands, either freshwater or brackish. Nestson the ground amongst tall reed-like vegetation nearwater. Feeds on mudflats and the water's edgePredicted to occurwithin 10km(DSEWPaC 2012a)Unlikely.No suitable habitat.Nil.

Scientific Name Common Name TSC/FMActEPBC Act Habitat Association Nature of Record Likelihood ofoccurrencetaking insects, worm and seeds. Prefers fringes ofswamps, dams and nearby marshy areas with coverof grasses, lignum, low scrub or open timber.Potential for impactsNinox strenua Powerful Owl V - Occurs from the coast to the western slopes. Solitaryand sedentary species. Inhabits a range of habitatsfrom woodland and open sclerophyll forest to tallopen wet forest and rainforest. Prefers large tracts ofvegetation. Nests in large tree hollows (> 0.5 mdeep), in large eucalypts (dbh 80-240 cm) that are atleast 150 years old. Pairs have high fidelity to a smallnumber of hollow-bearing nest trees and defend alarge home range of 400 - 1,450 ha. Forages withinopen and closed woodlands as well as open areas.Anthochaera phrygia Regent Honeyeater CE E In NSW confined to two known breeding areas: theCapertee Valley and Bundarra-Barraba region. Nonbreedingflocks occasionally seen in coastal areasforaging in flowering Spotted Gum and SwampMahogany forests, presumably in response todrought. Inhabits dry open forest and woodlands,particularly Box-Ironbark woodland and riparianforests of River Sheoak, with an abundance of maturetrees, high canopy cover and abundance ofmistletoes.165 records within10km (OEH2012a)1 record within10km (OEH2012a)Predicted to occurwithin 10km(DSEWPaC 2012a)Low.No breeding orroosting habitat.Known population inthe area: individualsmay fly through orforage at the site onoccasion.Unlikely.No suitable habitat.Low.No roosting orbreeding habitatwould be affected.Small areas ofpotential foraginghabitat may beremoved.Nil.Petroica boodang Scarlet Robin V - In NSW occurs from coast to inland slopes. Breeds indrier eucalypt forests and temperate woodlands,often on ridges and slopes, within open understoreyof shrubs and grasses and sometimes in open areas.4 records within10km (OEH2012a)Unlikely.No suitable habitat.Nil.

Scientific Name Common Name TSC/FMActEPBC Act Habitat Association Nature of Record Likelihood ofoccurrenceIn autumn and winter it migrates to more openhabitats such as grassy open woodland or paddockswith scattered trees. Abundant logs and coarsewoody debris are important habitat components.Potential for impactsTyto tenebricosa Sooty Owl V - Occurs in the coastal, escarpment and tablelandsregions of NSW. More common in the north andabsent from the western tablelands and further west.Inhabits tall, moist eucalypt forests and rainforests,and are strongly associated with sheltered gullies,particularly those with tall rainforest understorey.Roosts in tree hollows, amongst dense foliage ingullies or in caves, recesses or ledges of cliffs orbanks. Nest in large (>40cm wide, 100cm deep) treehollows in unlogged/unburnt gullies within 100m ofstreams or in caves.1 record within10km (OEH2012a)Unlikely.No suitable habitat.Nil.Ptilinopus superbus Superb Fruit-dove V M A small pigeon that inhabits rainforest and similarclosed forests where it forages high in the canopy. Itmay also forage in eucalypt or acacia woodlandwhere there are fruit-bearing trees. Occurs principallyin NE Qld to NE NSW, becoming much lesscommon further south and is largely confined topockets of suitable habitat as far south as Moruya,with vagrants as far south as Tasmania.8 records within10km (OEH2012a)Unlikely.No suitable habitat.Nil.Polytelis swainsonii Superb Parrot V V Occurs as a single population I the South-west Slopesand Riverina bioregions. Two core breeding areas:between Cowra and Yass – Grenfell, Cootamundraand Coolac in the SW Slopes, and along the Murray,1 record from1986 within 10km(OEH 2012a)Unlikely.No suitable habitat.Nil.

Scientific Name Common Name TSC/FMActEPBC Act Habitat Association Nature of Record Likelihood ofoccurrenceEdward and Murrumbidgee Rivers in the Riverina.Birds breeding in the SW slopes migrate north to theNamoi/Gwydir Rivers for winter. Inhabits Box Gum,Box – Cypress Pine and Boree woodlands and RiverRed Gum Forest. Nest in hollow trees, in tall riparianRiver Red Gum communities (Riverina area) or openBox Gum woodland or isolated paddock trees (SWSlopes). Mainly forages in grassy box woodlands, upto 10km from breeding sites.Potential for impactsLathamus discolor Swift Parrot E E Migratory, travelling to the mainland from March toOctober. Breeds in Tasmania from September toJanuary. On the mainland, it mostly occurs in thesoutheast foraging on winter flowering eucalypts andlerps, with records of the species between Adelaideand Brisbane. Principal over-winter habitat is boxironbarkcommunities on the inland slopes and plains.Eucalyptus robusta, Corymbia maculata and C.gummifera dominated coastal forests are alsoimportant habitat.13 records within10km (OEH2012a)Predicted to occurwithin 10km(DSEWPaC 2012a)Unlikely.No suitable habitat.Nil.DaphoenosittachrysopteraVaried Sittella V - Sedentary, occurs across NSW from the coast to thefar west. Inhabits eucalypt forests and woodlands,especially rough-barked species and mature smoothbarkedgums with dead branches, mallee and Acaciawoodland. Sensitive to habitat isolation and loss ofstructural complexity, and adversely affected bydominance of Noisy Miners. Cleared agricultural landis potentially a barrier to movement. Builds a cupshapednest of plant fibres and cobwebs in an upright3 records within10km (OEH2012a)Unlikely.No suitable habitat.Nil.

Scientific Name Common Name TSC/FMActEPBC Act Habitat Association Nature of Record Likelihood ofoccurrencetree fork high in the living tree canopy, and often reusesthe same fork or tree in successive years.Potential for impactsFishMacquaria australasica Macquarie Perch V E Occurs in the upper reaches of the Lachlan,Murrumbidgee and Murray Rivers, and in parts of theHawkesbury and Shoalhaven catchment areas.Inhabits river and lake habitats, especially the upperreaches of rivers and their tributaries. Requires clearwater with deep, rocky holes and abundant cover(e.g. aquatic vegetation, woody debris, large bouldersand overhanging banks). Spawns spring and summerin shallow upland streams or flowing sections of riversystems.Predicted to occurwithin 10km(DSEWPaC 2012a)Nil.No suitable aquatichabitats.Nil.Prototroctes mairaena Australian Grayling - V, M Occurs in coastal rivers and streams south from theShoalhaven River.Inhabits estuarine waters and coastal seas aslarvae/juveniles, and freshwater rivers and streams asadults. Most of their lives are spent in freshwaterrivers and streams in cool, clear waters with a gravelsubstrate and alternating pool and riffle zones,however can also occur in turbid water. The speciescan penetrate well inland, being recorded over 100km inland from the sea. (Backhouse et al 2008).Predicted to occurwithin 10km(DSEWPaC 2012a)Nil.No suitable aquatichabitats.Nil.Frogs

Scientific Name Common Name TSC/FMActEPBC Act Habitat Association Nature of Record Likelihood ofoccurrencePotential for impactsMixophyes iteratus Giant Barred Frog E E Occurs on the coast and ranges from south-easternQLD to the Hawkesbury River in NSW, particularlyin Coffs Harbour - Dorrigo area. Forage and liveamongst deep, damp leaf litter in rainforest, moisteucalypt forest and nearby dry eucalypt forest. Breedin shallow, flowing rocky streams. Within SydneyBasin, confined to small populations in tall, wet forestin the Watagan Mountains north of the Hawkesburyand the lower Blue Mountains (White 2008b).Predicted to occurwithin 10km(DSEWPaC 2012a)Unlikely.No suitable streamhabitats.Nil.HeleioporusaustraliacusGiant BurrowingFrogV V Occurs along the coast and eastern slopes of theGreat Dividing Range south from Wollemi NationalPark. Appears to exist as 2 populations with a 100kmgap in records between Jervis Bay and Eden.Northern population occurs on sandy soilssupporting heath, woodland or open forest. Breeds inephemeral to intermittent streams with persistentpools. Only infrequently moves to breeding sites,most commonly found on ridges away from creeks,several hundred metres from water.25 records within10km (OEH2012a)Predicted to occurwithin 10km(DSEWPaC 2012a)Unlikely.No suitable habitat.Nil.Litoria aureaGreen and GoldenBell FrogE V Formerly occurred from Brunswick Heads to Victoria,but >80% populations now extinct. Inhabits marshes,natural and artificial freshwater to brackish wetlands,dams and in stream wetlands. Prefers sites containingcumbungi (Typha spp.) or spike rushes (Eleocharisspp.), which are unshaded and have a grassy areaand/or rubble as shelter/refuge habitat nearby.Gambusia holbrooki is a key threat as they feed on6 records within10km (OEH2012a)Predicted to occurwithin 10km(DSEWPaC 2012a)Unlikely.No suitable wetlandhabitats.Nil.

Scientific Name Common Name TSC/FMActEPBC Act Habitat Association Nature of Record Likelihood ofoccurrencegreen and Golden Bell Frog eggs and tadpoles.Potential for impactsLitora littlejohni Littlejohns Treefrog V V Occurs on plateaus and eastern slopes of the GreatDividing Range south from Watagan State Forest.Occurs along permanent rocky streams with thickfringing vegetation associated with eucalyptwoodlands and heaths among sandstone outcrops,hunting either in shrubs or on the ground.Predicted to occurwithin 10km(DSEWPaC 2012a)Unlikely.No suitable streamhabitats.Nil.Pseudophryne australis Red-crownedToadletV - Restricted to Sydney Basin, from Nowra to Pokolbinand west to Mt Victoria. Inhabits heathland and openwoodland on Hawkesbury and NarrabeenSandstones, within 100 m of ridgelines. Breeds inephemeral feeder creeks or flooded depressions,requiring unpolluted water between 5.5 and 6.5 pH.Shelters under rocks, amongst masses of densevegetation or leaf litter. Populations restricted toimmediate vicinity of breeding areas.248 records within10km (OEH2012a)Unlikely.No suitable habitat.Nil.Mixophyes balbus Stuttering Frog E V Occurs along the east coast of Australia. Found inrainforest and wet, tall, open forest. Shelter in deepleaf litter and thick understorey vegetation on theforest floor. Feeds on insects and smaller frogs,breeding in streams during summer after heavy rain.Within Sydney Basin the species is now confined topopulations in the Watagan Mountains, the southernBlue Mountains and Macquarie Pass (White 2008a).Predicted to occurwithin 10km(DSEWPaC 2012a)Unlikely.No suitable streamhabitats.Nil.

Scientific Name Common Name TSC/FMActMammalsEPBC Act Habitat Association Nature of Record Likelihood ofoccurrenceThe species does not occur in areas where theriparian vegetation has been disturbed or wherethere have been significant upstream human impacts(Mahony et al 1997).Potential for impactsPetrogale pencillataBrush-tailed RockwallabyE V Occurs from the Shoalhaven north to theQueensland border. Now mostly extinct west of theGreat Dividing Range, except in the Warrumbunglesand Mt Kaputar. Occurs on rocky escarpments,outcrops and cliffs with a preference for complexstructures with fissures, caves and ledges facing north.Diet consists of vegetation in adjacent to rocky areaseating grasses and forbs as well as the foliage andfruits of shrubs and trees.Predicted to occurwithin 10km(DSEWPaC 2012a)Unlikely.No suitable habitat.Nil.Miniopterusschreibersii oceanensisEastern Bentwing-bat V - Generally occurs east of the Great Dividing Rangealong NSW coast (Churchill 2008). Inhabits varioushabitats from open grasslands to woodlands, wet anddry sclerophyll forests and rainforest. Essentially acave bat but may also roost in road culverts,stormwater tunnels and other man-made structures.Only 4 known maternity caves in NSW, near WeeJasper, Bungonia, Kempsey and Texas. Females maytravel hundreds of kilometres to the nearest maternalcolony (Churchill 2008).34 records within10km (OEH2012a)Low.On occasion mayroost in culvertswithin or near to site,and may forage overvegetation at the site.No breeding habitatpresent.Nil.Potential roosthabitat and aerialforaging habitatswould not beaffected.

Scientific Name Common Name TSC/FMActEPBC Act Habitat Association Nature of Record Likelihood ofoccurrencePotential for impactsFalsistrellustasmaniensisEastern FalsePipistrelleV - Occurs on southeast coast and ranges. Prefers tall(>20m) and wet forest with dense understorey.Absent from small remnants, preferring continuousforest but can move through cleared landscapes andmay forage in open areas. Roosts in hollow trunks ofEucalypts, underneath bark or in buildings. Forages ingaps and spaces within forest, with large foragingrange (12km foraging movements recorded)(Churchill 2008, Law et al 2008).2 records within10km (OEH2012a)Unlikely.No suitable habitat.Nil.MormopterusnorfolkensisEastern Freetail-bat V - Occurs in dry sclerophyll forest and woodland east ofthe Great Dividing Range. Forages in natural andartificial openings in vegetation, typically within a fewkilometres of its roost. Roosts primarily in treehollows but also recorded from man-made structuresor under bark (Churchill 2008).6 records within10km (OEH2012a)Unlikely.No suitable habitat.Nil.Cercartetus nanusEastern PygmypossumVOccurs along the east coast of NSW, and inland tothe Pillaga, Dubbo, Parkes and Wagga Wagga.Inhabits range of habitats from coastal heath andwoodland though open and closed forests, subalpineheath and rainforest (Tulloch and Dickman 1995).Inhabits rainforest, sclerophyll forests and heath.Banksia spp. and myrtaceous shrubs and trees arefavoured food sources and nesting subject sites indrier habitats. Diet mostly pollen and nectar fromBanksia spp., Eucalyptus spp., Callistemon spp. andinsects (Ward and Turner 2008). Nests in hollows intrees, under the bark of Eucalypts, forks of tea-trees,abandoned bird nests and Xanthorrhoea bases37 records within10km (OEH2012a)Unlikely.No suitable habitat.Nil.

Scientific Name Common Name TSC/FMActEPBC Act Habitat Association Nature of Record Likelihood ofoccurrence(Ward and Turner 2008, Tulloch and Dickman2006).Potential for impactsPteropus poliocephalus Grey-headed FlyingfoxV V Roosts in camps within 20 km of a regular foodsource, typically in gullies, close to water and invegetation with a dense canopy. Forages insubtropical and temperate rainforests, tall sclerophyllforests and woodlands, heaths, swamps and streettrees, particularly in eucalypts, melaleucas andbanksias. Highly mobile with movements largelydetermined by food availability (Eby and Law 2008).Will also forage in urban gardens and cultivated fruitcrops.971 records within10km (OEH2012a)Predicted to occurwithin 10km(DSEWPaC 2012a)Moderate.No roosting orbreeding habitat. Mayforage in exoticvegetation onoccasion.Low.No roosting orbreeding habitatwould be affected.Small areas ofpotential foraginghabitat may beremoved.Phascolarctos cinereus Koala V - Occurs from coast to inland slopes and plains.Restricted to areas of preferred feed trees in eucalyptwoodlands and forests. Home range varies dependingon habitat quality, from < 2 to several hundredhectares.Chalinolobus dwyeri Large-eared Pied Bat V V Occurs from the coast to the western slopes of thedivide. Largest numbers of records from sandstoneescarpment country in the Sydney Basin and HunterValley (Hoye and Schulz 2008). Roosts in caves andmines and most commonly recorded from drysclerophyll forests and woodlands. An insectivorousspecies that flies over the canopy or along creek beds(Churchill 2008). In southern Sydney appears to belargely restricted to the interface between sandstone2 records within10km (OEH2012a)1 record within10km (OEH2012a)Predicted to occurwithin 10km(DSEWPaC 2012a)Unlikely.No suitable habitat.Unlikely.No suitable habitat.Nil.Nil.

Scientific Name Common Name TSC/FMActEPBC Act Habitat Association Nature of Record Likelihood ofoccurrenceescarpments and fertile valleys.Potential for impactsPotorous tridactylusLong-NosedPotorooV V Restricted to east of the Great Dividing Range, withannual rainfall >760 mm. Inhabits coastal heath anddry and wet sclerophyll forests. Requires relativelythick ground cover and appears restricted to areas oflight and sandy soil (Johnston 2008). Feeds on fungi,roots, tubers, insects and their larvae, and other softbodiedanimals in the soil.Predicted to occurwithin 10km(DSEWPaC 2012a)Unlikely.No suitable habitat.Nil.PseudomysnovaehollandiaeNew Holland Mouse - V Occurs in disjunct, coastal populations from Tasmaniato Queensland. In NSW inhabits a variety of coastalhabitats including heathland, woodland, drysclerophyll forest with a dense shrub layer andvegetated sand dunes (Wilson and Bradtke 1999).Populations may recolonise/ increase in size inregenerating native vegetation after wildfire, clearingand sandmining. Presence strongly correlated withunderstorey vegetation density, and high floristicdiversity in regenerating heath (Lock and Wilson1999).Predicted to occurwithin 10km(DSEWPaC 2012a)Unlikely.No suitable habitat.Nil.Isoodon obesulusobesulusSouthern BrownBandicootE E Occurs mainly in 2 areas: Ku-ring-gai Chase andGarigal National Parks N of Sydney, and far SE NSWincluding Ben Boyd National Park, East Boyd StateForest, Nadgee Nature Reserve, Nadgee StateForest, South East Forest and Yambulla State Forest294 records within10km (OEH2012a)Predicted to occurwithin 10kmUnlikely.No suitable habitat.Nil.

Scientific Name Common Name TSC/FMActEPBC Act Habitat Association Nature of Record Likelihood ofoccurrencePotential for impactsbut also occurs between these areas.Inhabits scrubby vegetation, including heath,shrubland, and heathy forest and woodland. Oftenassociated with well-drained soils and dry heathlandcommunities, and prefers periodically burnt areas asthis increases insect abundance.(DSEWPaC 2012a)Dasyurus maculatus Spotted-tailed Quoll V E Inhabits a range of environments including rainforest,open forest, woodland, coastal heath and inlandriparian forest, from the sub-alpine zone to thecoastline. Den subject sites are in hollow-bearingtrees, fallen logs, small caves, rock crevices, boulderfields and rocky-cliff faces. Females occupy homeranges of up to 750 ha and males up to 3,500 ha,which are usually traversed along densely vegetatedcreek lines.23 records within10km (OEH2012a)Predicted to occurwithin 10km(DSEWPaC 2012a)Unlikely.No suitable habitat.Nil.Petaurus australis Yellow-Bellied Glider V - Occurs along the east coast to the western slopes ofthe Great Dividing Range. Inhabits a variety of foresttypes but prefers tall mature eucalypt forest with highrainfall and rich soils. Relies on large hollow-bearingtrees for shelter and nesting, with family groups of 2-6 typically denning together. In southern NSW itspreferred habitat at low altitudes is moist gullies andcreek flats in mature coastal forests. Mostly feeds onsap, nectar and honeydew.1 record within10km (OEH2012a)Unlikely.No suitable habitat.Nil.

Scientific Name Common Name TSC/FMActEPBC Act Habitat Association Nature of Record Likelihood ofoccurrencePotential for impactsSaccolaimus flaviventris Yellow-belliedSheathtail-batV - Migrates from tropics to SE Aus in summer. Foragesacross a range of habitats including those with andwithout trees, from wet and dry sclerophyll forest,open woodland, Acacia shrubland, mallee, grasslandsand desert. Roosts communally in large tree hollowsand buildings (Churchill 2008).1 record within10km (OEH2012a)Low.No roosting orbreeding habitat. Mayforage over site onoccasion.Nil.ReptilesHoplocephalusbungaroidesBroad-Headed SnakeE V Nocturnal, sheltering in rock crevices and under flatsandstone rocks on exposed cliff edges duringautumn, winter, and spring, moving to shelters inhollows of large trees within 200m of escarpments insummer. Feeds mostly on geckos and small skinks,and occasionally on frogs and small mammals.Predicted to occurwithin 10km(DSEWPaC 2012a)Unlikely.No suitable habitat.Nil.Varanus rosenbergi Rosenberg's Goanna V - In NSW mainly occurs on the mid coast fromWollemi NP to Nowra; the ACT and Goulburnregions and the South-west Slopes.Inhabits coastal heathlands, wet and dry sclerophyllforests, woodlands and mallee. Termite mounds areimportant: eggs are laid in the mounds in summerand incubate till spring, when the young digthemselves out. Young may return to the mound as arefuge for some months, while adults shelter inburrows dug under rocks or logs, or in rock crevices,hollow logs or even rabbit burrows (Sass 2008).31 records within10km (OEH2012a)Unlikely.No suitable habitat.Nil.

All information in this table is taken from NSW OEH and Commonwealth DSEWPaC Threatened Species profiles (DEC 2005, DSEWPaC 2012b) unless otherwisestated. The codes used in this table are: CE – Critically Endangered; E – Endangered; V – Vulnerable; EP – Endangered Population; CEEC – Critically EndangeredEcological Community; EEC – Endangered Ecological Community.

EPBC Act-listed migratory fauna known or predicted to occur within the locality.Note: Migratory marine reptiles and fish such as the Green Turtle (Chelonia mydas) and Mackerel Shark (Lamna nasus) have been excludedfrom the table.Scientific Name Common Name TSCStatusEPBCStatusHabitat AssociationLikelihood ofoccurrencePotential forimpactsMigratory BirdsWetland or Marine speciesApus pacificus Fork-tailed Swift M;MarineArdea alba Great Egret M;MarineRecorded in all regions of NSW.Non- breeding, and almost exclusively aerial while in Australia.Occurs over urban and rural areas as well as areas of nativevegetation.Occurs across NSW. Within NSW there are breeding colonieswithin the Darling Riverine Plains and Riverina regions, andminor colonies across its range including the north and northeastof the state.Reported from a wide range of wetland habitats (for exampleinland and coastal, freshwater and saline, permanent andephemeral, open and vegetated, large and small, natural andartificial).Possible.May forage oversite on occasion.Unlikely.No suitablehabitatNil.Aerial habitats willnot be affected.Nil.Ardea ibis Cattle Egret M;MarineOccurs across NSW. Principal breeding sites are the centraleast coast from Newcastle to Bundaberg. Also breeds in majorinland wetlands in north NSW (notably the MacquarieMarshes).Occurs in tropical and temperate grasslands, wooded lands andterrestrial wetlands. Uses predominately shallow, open andfresh wetlands with low emergent vegetation and abundantaquatic flora. Sometimes observed in swamps with tallUnlikely.No suitablehabitatNil.

Scientific Name Common Name TSCStatusEPBCStatusHabitat AssociationLikelihood ofoccurrencePotential forimpactsemergent vegetation and commonly use areas of tall pasture inmoist, low-lying areas.Gallinago hardwickii Latham’s Snipe M;MarineOccurs along the coast and west of the great dividing range.Non breeding visitor to Australia.Inhabit permanent and ephemeral wetlands up to 2000 m asl.Typically in open, freshwater wetlands with low, densevegetation (incl. swamps, flooded grasslands and heathlands).Can also occur in saline/brackish habitats and in modified orartificial habitats close to human activity.Unlikely.No suitablehabitatNil.RostratulabenghalensisPainted Snipe(was AustralianPainted Snipe)E V; M;MarineNormally found in permanent or ephemeral shallow inlandwetlands, either freshwater or brackish. Nests on the groundamongst tall reed-like vegetation near water. Feeds onmudflats and the water's edge taking insects, worm and seeds.Prefers fringes of swamps, dams and nearby marshy areas withcover of grasses, lignum, low scrub or open timber.Unlikely.No suitablehabitatNil.Terrestrial speciesHaliaeetusleucogasterWhite-bellied SeaeagleM,MarinePrimarily coastal but may extend inland over major riversystems.Breeds close to water, mainly in tall open forest/woodland butalso in dense forest, rainforest, closed scrub or remnant trees.Usually forages over large expanses of open water, but alsoover open terrestrial habitats (e.g. grasslands).Unlikely.No suitablehabitatNil.

Scientific Name Common Name TSCStatusEPBCStatusHabitat AssociationLikelihood ofoccurrencePotential forimpactsHirundapuscaudacutusWhite-throatedNeedletailM;MarineRecorded along NSW coast to the western slopes andoccasionally from the inland plains. Breeds in northernhemisphere.Almost exclusively aerial while in Australia. Occur above mosthabitat types, but are more frequently recorded above moredensely vegetated habitats (rainforest, open forest andheathland) than over woodland or treeless areas.Possible.May forage oversite on occasion.Nil.Aerial habitats willnot be affected.Merops ornatusRainbow BeeeaterM;MarineWidespread across mainland Australia.Mainly inhabits open forests and woodlands and shrublands,often in proximity to permanent water. Also occurs incleared/semi-cleared habitats including farmland and residentialareas. Excavates a nest burrow in flat/sloping ground in banksof waterways, dams, roadside cuttings, gravel pits or cliff faces.Southern populations migrate north for winter after breeding.Unlikely.No suitablehabitatNil.MonarchamelanopsisBlack-facedMonarchM;MarineSummer breeding migrant to south-east. Occurs along thecoast of NSW.Inhabits rainforests, eucalypt woodlands, coastal scrub anddamp gullies. It may be found in more open woodland whenmigrating (Birds Australia 2005).Unlikely.No suitablehabitatNil.Myiagra cyanoleuca Satin Flycatcher M;MarineIn NSW widespread on and east of the Great Divide, sparselyscattered on the western slopes, very occasional records on thewestern plains.Inhabit heavily vegetated gullies in eucalypt-dominated forestsand taller woodlands, often near wetlands and watercourses.On migration, occur in coastal forests, woodlands, mangrovesand drier woodlands and open forests. Generally not inUnlikely.No suitablehabitatNil.

Scientific Name Common Name TSCStatusEPBCStatusHabitat AssociationLikelihood ofoccurrencePotential forimpactsrainforests.Rhipidura rufifrons Rufous Fantail M;MarineFound along NSW coast and ranges.Inhabits rainforest, dense wet forests, swamp woodlands andmangroves. During migration, it may be found in more openhabitats or urban areas (Birds Australia 2008).Unlikely.No suitablehabitatNil.AnthochaeraphrygiaRegentHoneyeaterCE E, M In NSW confined to two known breeding areas: the CaperteeValley and Bundarra-Barraba region. Non-breeding flocksoccasionally seen in coastal areas foraging in flowering SpottedGum and Swamp Mahogany forests, presumably in response todrought. Inhabits dry open forest and woodlands, particularlyBox-Ironbark woodland and riparian forests of River Sheoak,with an abundance of mature trees, high canopy cover andabundance of mistletoes.Unlikely.No suitablehabitatNil.All information in this table is taken from NSW OEH and Commonwealth DSEWPaC Threatened Species profiles (DEC 2005, DSEWPaC 2011b)unless otherwise stated. The codes used in this table are: CE – Critically Endangered; E – Endangered; V – Vulnerable; M – Migratory.References:Backhouse, G., Jackson, J. and O’Connor, J. (2008). National Recovery Plan for the Australian Grayling Prototroctes maraena. Department of Sustainability andEnvironment, Melbourne.

Campbell, S. (2011). Ecological specialisation and conservation of Australia's large-footed myotis: a review of trawling bat behaviour. In 'The Biology andConservation of Australasian Bats' (eds B. Law, P. Eby, D. Lunney and L. Lumsden). Royal Zoological Society of NSW, pp. 72-85Churchill, S. (2008).Australian Bats. Second Edition. Allen & Unwin, Australia.Eby, P. and Law, B. (2008). Ranking the feeding habitats of Grey-headed flying foxes for conservation management: a report for The Department of Environmentand Climate Change (NSW) & The Department of Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts. Available fromhttp://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/resources/threatenedspecies/GHFFmainreport.pdf. Accessed 07 July 2010.Higgins, P.J. (Ed) (1999), Handbook of Australian, New Zealand and Antarctic Birds, vol. 4, Oxford University Press, Melbourne.Higgins, P.J. (Ed) (1999), Handbook of Australian, New Zealand and Antarctic Birds, vol. 4, Oxford University Press, Melbourne.Hoye, G.A. and Richards, G.C. (2008). Greater Broad-nosed Bat Scoteanax rueppellii. In S. Van Dyke and R. Strahan (eds), 'The Mammals of Australia' 3rd edition.Reed New Holland, Chatswood.Hoye, G.A. and Schulz, M. (2008). Large-eared Pied Bat Chalinolobus dwyeri. In S. Van Dyke and R. Strahan (eds), 'The Mammals of Australia' 3rd edition. ReedNew Holland, Chatswood.Johnston, P.G. (2008) Long-nosed Potoroo Potorous tridactylus. In S. Van Dyke and R. Strahan (eds), 'The Mammals of Australia' 3rd edition. Reed New Holland,Chatswood.Kavanagh, R.P. (2004). Distribution and conservation status of possums and gliders in New South Wales. In R.L. Goldingay and S.M. Jackson (eds), 'The Biology ofAustralian Possums and Gliders', Surrey Beattyand Sons Pty Ltd, Australia.Law, B.S., Herr, A. and Phillips, W. (2008). Eastern False Pipistrelle Falsistrellus tasmaniensis. In S. Van Dyke and R. Strahan (eds), 'The Mammals of Australia' 3rdedition. Reed New Holland, Chatswood.Lock, M.L. and Wilson, B.A. (1999). The distribution of the New Holland mouse (Pseudomys novaehollandiae) with respect to vegetation near Anglesea, Victoria.Wildlife Research 26 (4) 565-577Mahony, M., Knowles, R. and Pattinson, L. (1997). Stuttering Barred Frog. In H. Ehmann (ed) 'Threatened Frogs of New South Wales: Habitats, Status andConservation' pp.65-71. Frog and Tadpole Study Group of NSW.Quin, D.G., Smith, A.P. and Green, S.W. (2004). Habitat preferences of squirrel gliders Petaurus norfolcensis and sugar gliders Petaurus breviceps in sympatry. In R.L.Goldingay and S.M. Jackson (eds), 'The Biology of Australian Possums and Gliders', Surrey Beattyand Sons Pty Ltd, Australia.

Sass, S. (2008). Increasing ecological knowledge and community awareness of the threatened Rosenberg’s goanna in the Shoalhaven. A report funded through theNatural Heritage Trust administered by the Southern Rivers Catchment Management Authority and with support from Shoalhaven City Council. nghenvironmental,Bega NSW.Tulloch, A.I. and Dickman, C.R. (2006). Floristic and structural components of habitat use by the eastern pygmy-possum (Cercartetus nanus) in burnt and unburnthabitats. Wildlife Research 33: 627-637van der Ree, R. and Suckling, G.C. (2004). Squirrel Glider Petaurus norfolcensis. In S. Van Dyke and R. Strahan (eds), 'The Mammals of Australia' 3rd edition. ReedNew Holland, Chatswood.Ward, S.J. and Turner,V. (2008). Eastern Pygmy Possum Cercartetus nanus. In S. Van Dyke and R. Strahan (eds), 'The Mammals of Australia' 3rd edition. Reed NewHolland, Chatswood.White, A.W. (2008a). The Distribution and Conservation Status of Barred Frogs in the Sydney Basin. Part 1. Giant Barred Frog Mixophyes iteratus. Herpetofauna38(1) 24-34.White, A.W. (2008b). The Distribution and Conservation Status of Barred Frogs in the Sydney Basin. Part 2. Stuttering Frog Mixophyes balbus. Herpetofauna 38(2)84-95.Wilson, B.A. and Bradtke, E. (1999). The diet of the New Holland mouse, Pseudomys novaehollandiae (Waterhouse) in Victoria. Wildlife Research 26(4) 439-451

ReferencesAppendix COperational noise and construction noiseand vibration assessmentWilkinson Murray Pty LtdWarrawee Substation Project/Review of Environmental Factors

WARRAWEE SUBSTATIONOPERATIONAL NOISE & CONSTRUCTION NOISE& VIBRATION ASSESSMENTREPORT NO. 11332VERSION BMARCH 2012PREPARED FORRAIL CORPORATION NSWPO BOX K1317HAYMARKET NSW 1240

Warrawee SubstationOperational Noise & Construction Noise & Vibration AssessmentReport No. 11332 Version BDOCUMENT CONTROLVersion Status Date Prepared By Reviewed ByA Draft 15 February 2012 Irfan Mohamed Neil GrossB Final 30 March 2012 Irfan Mohamed Neil GrossNoteAll materials specified by Wilkinson Murray Pty Limited have been selected solely on the basis of acoustic performance.Any other properties of these materials, such as fire rating, chemical properties etc. should be checked with thesuppliers or other specialised bodies for fitness for a given purpose. The information contained in this documentproduced by Wilkinson Murray is solely for the use of the client identified on the front page of this report. Our clientbecomes the owner of this document upon full payment of our Tax Invoice for its provision. This document must notbe used for any purposes other than those of the document’s owner. Wilkinson Murray undertakes no duty to oraccepts any responsibility to any third party who may rely upon this document.Quality AssuranceWe are committed to and have implemented AS/NZS ISO 9001:2008 “Quality Management Systems –Requirements”. This management system has been externally certified and Licence No. QEC 13457has been issued.AAACThis firm is a member firm of the Association of Australian Acoustical Consultants and the work herereported has been carried out in accordance with the terms of that membership.Celebrating 50 Years in 2012Wilkinson Murray is an independent firm established 50 years ago originally as Carr & Wilkinson.In 1976 Barry Murray joined founding partner Roger Wilkinson and the firm adopted the name whichremains today. From a successful operation in Australia, Wilkinson Murray expanded its reach intoAsia by opening a Hong Kong office early in 2006. 2010 saw the introduction of our Queensland officeand 2011 the introduction of our Orange office to service a growing client base in these regions. Fromthese offices, Wilkinson Murray services the entire Asia-Pacific region.

Warrawee SubstationOperational Noise & Construction Noise & Vibration AssessmentReport No. 11332 Version BTABLE OF CONTENTSPageGLOSSARY OF ACOUSTIC TERMS1 INTRODUCTION 12 SITE DESCRIPTION 22.1 Site Description 22.2 Works to be Undertaken 32.3 Construction Hours 53 AMBIENT NOISE MONOITORING 63.1 Background Noise Levels 64 OPERATIONAL NOISE CRITERIA 85 OPERATIONAL NOISE ASSESSMENT 105.1 Noise Sources 105.2 Predicted Noise Levels at Receivers 136 CONSTRUCTION NOISE CRITERIA 156.1 Sleep Disturbance 166.2 Predicted Construction Noise Levels 167 CONSTRUCTION VIBRATION ASSESSMENT 267.1 Vibration Criteria 267.2 Building Damage 277.3 Vibration Assessment 288 CONSTRUCTION NOISE & VIBRATION MITIGATION MEASURES 309 TRAFFIC NOISE FROM CONSTRUCTION TRAFFIC 3210 CONCLUSION 34APPENDIX A – Noise Measurement ResultsAPPENDIX B – Measured One Third Octave Band Spectrum of Rectifier Transformer

Warrawee SubstationOperational Noise & Construction Noise & Vibration AssessmentReport No. 11332 Version BGLOSSARY OF ACOUSTIC TERMSMost environments are affected by environmental noise which continuously varies, largely as a result ofroad traffic. To describe the overall noise environment, a number of noise descriptors have beendeveloped and these involve statistical and other analysis of the varying noise over sampling periods,typically taken as 15 minutes. These descriptors, which are demonstrated in the graph below, are heredefined.Maximum Noise Level (L Amax ) – The maximum noise level over a sample period is the maximum level,measured on fast response, during the sample period.L A1 – The L A1 level is the noise level which is exceeded for 1% of the sample period. During the sampleperiod, the noise level is below the L A1 level for 99% of the time.L A10 – The L A10 level is the noise level which is exceeded for 10% of the sample period. During thesample period, the noise level is below the L A10 level for 90% of the time. The L A10 is a common noisedescriptor for environmental noise and road traffic noise.L A90 – The L A90 level is the noise level which is exceeded for 90% of the sample period. During thesample period, the noise level is below the L A90 level for 10% of the time. This measure is commonlyreferred to as the background noise level.L Aeq – The equivalent continuous sound level (L Aeq ) is the energy average of the varying noise over thesample period and is equivalent to the level of a constant noise which contains the same energy as thevarying noise environment. This measure is also a common measure of environmental noise and roadtraffic noise.ABL – The Assessment Background Level is the single figure background level representing eachassessment period (daytime, evening and night time) for each day. It is determined by calculating the10 th percentile (lowest 10 th percent) background level (L A90 ) for each period.RBL – The Rating Background Level for each period is the median value of the ABL values forthe period over all of the days measured. There is therefore an RBL value for each period –daytime, evening and night time.60Typical Graph of Sound Pressure Level vs Time55Sound Pressure Level (dBA)504540353025L AmaxL A1L A10LAeqL A50L A90200:00 3:00 6:00 9:00 12:00 15:00Monitoring or Survey Period (5 sec samples)

Warrawee Substation Page 1Operational Noise & Construction Noise & Vibration AssessmentReport No. 11332 Version B1 INTRODUCTIONRail Corporation NSW is proposing to build a new Traction Substation adjacent to the existingrail corridor along Brentwood Avenue, Warrawee. This report provides an operational noiseassessment and a construction noise and vibration assessment. It is understood the completedsubstation would be similar to the West Ryde Substation at the corner of Reserve Road andWest Parade, Denistone.This report deals with operational noise and then construction noise and vibration includingtraffic noise along Brentwood Avenue during construction.

Warrawee Substation Page 2Operational Noise & Construction Noise & Vibration AssessmentReport No. 11332 Version B2 SITE DESCRIPTIONThe proposed location for the new traction substation is along the rail corridor at BrentwoodAvenue. Figure 2-1 provides an illustration of the proposed site location.Figure 2-1Proposed Site Location for Warrawee Traction SubstationAttendedMonitoringLocationsProposedSubstationLocationNoise LoggerLocation2.1 Site DescriptionThe western extent of the substation will be 7m setback from the rail line with the footings atsimilar RL to Brentwood Avenue Most of the equipment (including rectifiers, switches,switchboards, reactors, DCCB etc) related to the substation would be housed in a 1.5 storeybuilding with louvres for air flow. The top of the building would be higher than the rail line. Theventilation fans would be located on the western façade of the building. The ventilation fansused will be the ‘IVR Turbo Ventilator’ which we understand uses a ‘Typhonic’ ball bearingsystem which enables the ventilator to operate with minimal noise emissions. The externalequipment includes two main transformers along with the auxiliary transformer which would belocated in bunded / walled yards on the north and south end of the building. A small domestictype air conditioner is provided. A solid brick wall at a height of 3.2m will be constructed alongthe eastern façade of the bunded yards extending around the southern façade by 2.5m andextending around the northern façade by 1.5m providing shielding to the nearest residences inBrentwood Avenue. The brick wall barrier will be positioned at a 1m setback and will stand0.5m higher than the transformers.

Warrawee Substation Page 3Operational Noise & Construction Noise & Vibration AssessmentReport No. 11332 Version BFigure 2-2Aerial of Site Layout for Warrawee Traction SubstationBrentwood Avenuenorthern accessBrentwood Avenuenorthern accessProposed SubstationFigure 2-2 provides an aerial of the site layout. Residences are located on both sides of the railline. The closest residence to the east is at a similar level to the proposed substation with thoseon the other side of Brentwood Avenue being elevated above the site particularly houses alongthe northern end of Brentwood Avenue. Most are single storey but due to the topography areelevated above natural surface level facing the substation.The residents on the other side of the rail line along Winton Street are single storey and arelower than that rail line, such that there would be significant shielding provided by the railcorridor to noise emissions from the proposed substation. In addition, the retaining wall thatwill be constructed along the western boundary of the substation will also provide someshielding.2.2 Works to be UndertakenThe site will be excavated to level the area prior to construction of the proposed building.The stages of the construction will include Site Establishment – Establishment of site, delivery of plant such as site crane, skid steerloader, site dumpers and piling rig. Initial Excavation & Construction – Initial piling related to construction of retaining walls,initial excavation and detailed excavation; Construction of retaining wall, installation of

Warrawee Substation Page 4Operational Noise & Construction Noise & Vibration AssessmentReport No. 11332 Version Bground services, pit and slab construction, construction of external pits including installationof ‘Humeceptor’ and construction of Bund Yard 1, 2 and 3. Bulk Earthworks & Excavation – Site clearing and demolition, bulk excavation and detailedexcavation, movement of excavated material to stockpile Superstructure Construction – Construction of Substation structure, installation of rough ins,fit outs and finishes Road Pavement – Repaving of Brentwood Ave and Hastings Road in the sections closest tothe site Fitout & Commissioning – Installation of rectifiers, transformers, cabling within site andcloser to the rail line. Site Demobilisation – Removal of all construction equipment and plant, materials and siteoffices.Figure 2-3 provides and illustration of the site layout along with the access points to the site.Figure 2-3Site Layout for the Construction Stage

Warrawee Substation Page 5Operational Noise & Construction Noise & Vibration AssessmentReport No. 11332 Version B2.3 Construction HoursThe proposed construction hours for this site are restricted to day time periods during theweekdays (between 7.00am to 6.00pm) and on Saturday between 8.00am to 1.00pm. Proposedout-of-hours works are mainly during track possessions for Electrical Works closer to the railline and on the rail line. The out-of-hours works will be planned to be on specific possessionweekends and likely to occur between 7.00am and 5.30pm. This will be discussed further in theSection 5.

Warrawee Substation Page 6Operational Noise & Construction Noise & Vibration AssessmentReport No. 11332 Version B3 AMBIENT NOISE MONOITORINGBackground noise monitoring was conducted to determine the existing noise levels at theclosest residences in the vicinity of the site. Long term unattended monitoring was conductedwithin the rail corridor at the boundary of the closest residence (40 Brentwood Avenue). Thelocation is shown in Figure 2-1. This was supplemented by short-term attended measurementsat the residences on the other side of the rail corridor in Winton Street.3.1 Background Noise LevelsThe noise monitoring equipment used for the unattended measurements consisted of an ARLNGARA Type 1 environmental noise logger; logging both A-weighted and C-weighted noiselevels at fast response. This equipment is capable of remotely monitoring and storing one-tenthsecond noise levels and also records audio files for later detailed analysis. 15-minuteA-weighted noise level descriptors were determined through post-analysis of the NGARA data.The equipment calibration was checked before and after the survey and no significant driftoccurred.The logger determines L A1 , L A10 , L A90 and L Aeq levels of the ambient noise. The L A1 , L A10 and L A90levels are the levels exceeded for 1%, 10% and 90% of the sample time respectively (seeGlossary of Acoustic Terms for definitions). The L A1 is indicative of maximum noise levels dueto individual noise events such as the occasional passby of a heavy vehicle. The L A90 level isused to derive the Rated Background Level (RBL) which is used to determine many noisecriteria. The L Aeq level is the Equivalent Continuous Sound Level and has the same soundenergy over the sampling period as the actual noise environment with its fluctuating soundlevels. The L Aeq is used for the assessment of operational rail noise and traffic noise.Unattended monitoring was conducted between 6 January 2012 and 13 January 2012. Detailedresults are shown graphically in Appendix A. The graphs show measured values of L Aeq , L A90 ,L A10 and L A1 for each 15-minute monitoring period. The Rating Background Level (RBL) is asummary measure of the background noise level, and is defined in the OEH’s Industrial NoisePolicy ( INP ).Table 3-2 provides a summary of the noise levels for the daytime, evening and night timeperiods as defined in the NSW Office of Environment and Heritage Construction Noise Guideline(CNG). The summary values are:L Aeq,(period) – the equivalent continuous L Aeq noise level measured over the assessment period;andRBL – Rating Background Level is a measure of typical background noise levels which is used indetermining noise criteria.Attended measurements were conducted on 6 January 2012 using a Bruel and Kjaer Type 2260Sound Level Meter. These attended measurements were conducted to determine the differencein the background noise levels and the traffic noise levels between Brentwood Avenue andWinton Street and also to understand the contribution from traffic noise to the backgroundnoise levels.

Warrawee Substation Page 7Operational Noise & Construction Noise & Vibration AssessmentReport No. 11332 Version BThis sound level meter conforms to Australian Standard 1259 Acoustics – Sound Level Meters asa Type 1 Precision Sound Level Meter which has an accuracy suitable for field and laboratoryuse. The A-Weighting filter of the meter was selected and the time weighting was set to “Fast”.The calibration of the meter was checked before and after the measurements with a Bruel andKjaer Type 4231 sound level calibrator and no significant drift was noted.The Bruel and Kjaer Type 2260 and Type 4231 have been laboratory calibrated within theprevious two years in accordance with our in-house Quality Assurance Procedures.Measurement results are shown in Table 3-1. The differences are then used to determineRating Background Level in Winton St as presented in Table 3-2.Table 3-1Results of Attended Background Noise MeasurementsLocationTimeL Aeq,15min, L A90,15min(dBA) (dBA)57 Brentwood Ave 11.45-12.00 50 444 Winton St 12.15-12.30 53 45CommentsBackground noise dominated byhum from distant trafficBackground noise dominated bytraffic from Pacific HighwayBased on the attended noise measurements and the measurement results from the noiselogger, estimated RBL values for residences on the western side of the rail corridor in WintonStreet are 2dBA higher due to the greater exposure to traffic noise from the Pacific Highway asshown in Table 3-2.During our survey, it was noted that there was a combination of wind in the trees and windfrom the direction of the highway, which resulted in higher noise levels measured during ourattended survey than that measured by the loggers.Table 3-2 Measured Ambient Noise Levels from Unattended Monitoring,40 Brentwood AvenueLocationRating Background Level, RBL, dBA L Aeq,period (dBA)Day Evening Night Day Evening Night40 Brentwood Ave 37 40 31 53 52 514 Winton St 39 42 33 56 55 54

Warrawee Substation Page 8Operational Noise & Construction Noise & Vibration AssessmentReport No. 11332 Version B4 OPERATIONAL NOISE CRITERIAThe NSW Industrial Noise Policy (INP) recommends two criteria, “Intrusiveness” and “Amenity”,both of which are relevant for the assessment of noise. In most situations, one of these ismore stringent than the other and dominates the noise assessment. The criteria are based onthe L Aeq descriptor, which is explained in Appendix A.Intrusiveness CriterionAn intrusiveness criterion applies for residential receivers only.The intrusiveness criterion requires that the L Aeq noise level from the source being assessed,when measured over 15 minutes, should not exceed the Rating Background Noise Level (RBL)by more than 5dBA. The RBL represents the ‘background’ noise in the area, and is determinedfrom measurement of L A90 noise levels, in the absence of noise from the source.Where the noise level from the source varies over time due to changes in operating conditions,meteorological conditions or other factors, the upper 10 th percentile of 15 minute L Aeq noiselevels can be used for comparison with the criterion.Amenity CriterionThe amenity criterion sets a limit on the total noise level from all industrial noise sourcesaffecting a receiver. Different criteria apply for different types of receiver (e.g. residence,school classroom); different areas (e.g. rural, suburban); and different time periods, namelydaytime (7.00am-6.00pm), evening (6.00pm-10.00pm) and night time (10.00pm-7.00am).The noise level to be compared with this criterion is the L Aeq noise level, measured over thetime period in question, due to all industrial noise sources, but excluding non-industrial sourcessuch as transportation.Where a new noise source is proposed in an area with negligible existing industrial noise, theamenity criterion for that source may be taken as being equal to the overall amenity criterion.However, if there is significant existing industrial noise, the criterion for any new source mustbe set at a lower value. If existing industrial noise already exceeds the relevant amenitycriterion, noise from any new source must be set well below the overall criterion to ensure thatany increase in noise levels is negligible. Methods for determining a source-specific amenitycriterion where there is existing industrial noise are set out in the INP.Determination of CriteriaTables 4-1 and Table 4-2 show the relevant noise criteria for this project.

Warrawee Substation Page 9Operational Noise & Construction Noise & Vibration AssessmentReport No. 11332 Version BTable 4-1Intrusiveness CriteriaReceiverBrentwood AveWinton StTime PeriodRBL Intrusiveness Criterion(dBA)L Aeq,15min (dBA)Daytime (7.00am–6.00pm) 37 42Evening (6.00–10.00pm) 40 45Night time (10.00pm–7.00am) 31 36Daytime (7.00am–6.00pm) 39 44Evening (6.00–10.00pm) 42 47Night time (10.00pm–7.00am) 33 38Table 4-2Amenity CriteriaReceiverBrentwood Ave(Suburban Area)Winton St(Suburban Area)Noise Level, L Aeq,Period (dBA)OverallTime PeriodProject-SpecificAmenityAmenity CriterionCriterionDaytime (7.00am–6.00pm) 50 50Evening (6.00–10.00pm) 45 45Night time (10.00pm–7.00am) 40 40Daytime (7.00am–6.00pm) 50 50Evening (6.00–10.00pm) 45 45Night time (10.00pm–7.00am) 40 40In this case, because the noise source is relatively constant with time and not subject tosignificant variation due to meteorological effects, the L Aeq,15min and L Aeq,Period noise levels can beconsidered equivalent. From Tables 3-4 and 3-5, for the night time period, the intrusivenesscriterion is more stringent. As the assessment is based on the most stringent criteria i.e.: theintrusive criteria for the night time period, the amenity criteria is not discussed further in thisreport.

Warrawee Substation Page 10Operational Noise & Construction Noise & Vibration AssessmentReport No. 11332 Version B5 OPERATIONAL NOISE ASSESSMENT5.1 Noise SourcesTo assist with the assessment of the operational noise from Warrawee Substation, attendedmeasurements were conducted at West Ryde Substation, West Parade, Denistone. It isunderstood that the plant / equipment used at this substation and the basic layout is similar tothe proposed design for Warrawee Substation.Figure 5-1 provides an image of the measurement location outside the substation building.Figure 5-1View of Transformer with Brick Wall Barrier at West Ryde SubstationBunded Yard withTransformerSolid BrickWall BarrierAttended measurements were conducted on 13 January 2012 using a Bruel and KjaerType 2250 Sound Level Meter. This sound level meter conforms to Australian Standard 1259Acoustics - Sound Level Meters as a Type 1 Precision Sound Level Meter which has accuracysuitable for field and laboratory use. The A-Weighting filter of the meter was selected and thetime weighting was set to “Fast”. The calibration of the meter was checked before and afterthe measurements with a Bruel and Kjaer Type 4231 sound level calibrator and no significantdrift was noted.The Bruel and Kjaer Type 2250 and Type 4231 have been laboratory calibrated within theprevious two years in accordance with our in-house Quality Assurance Procedures.Figure 5-2 shows an illustration of the measurement locations.

Warrawee Substation Page 11Operational Noise & Construction Noise & Vibration AssessmentReport No. 11332 Version BFigure 5-2Location of Attended Measurements of West Ryde SubstationBundedYardM4M2M3M1M5

Warrawee Substation Page 12Operational Noise & Construction Noise & Vibration AssessmentReport No. 11332 Version BTable 5-1 provides a summary of the attended measurements of the rectifier within thesubstation building and the transformer in the bunded yard outside the substation building.Table 5-1Summary of Noise Measurements at West Ryde SubstationMeasurementScenarioReference- Inside building, 3mSetback fromRectifierM12m fromTransformer ( Idle )with connectingdoor to SubstationBuilding OpenM1 2m setback from IdleTransformerM12m setback fromTransformer(Loaded) due to trainleaving DenistoneStationM23m setback fromTransformer(Loaded) due to trainleaving DenistoneStationM38m from transformerand 5m setback frombrick wall barrierM49m setback fromTransformer(Loaded)M5 Measurement at thefront of 72 WestParade, 32m setbackfrom brick wallbarrierMeasured EstimatedL Aeq L Aeq54 54CommentsEvident humming from rectifier.Rectifier dominates the noisewithin the substation.58 58 Transformer and rectifier audible.53 53 Transformer clearly audible.Noise from transformer increased56 55by 3dB as train departedDenistone Station.Noise from transformer increased54 54by 3dB as train departedDenistone Station.Measurement done just after trainpass where noise fromtransformer was at increased49

Warrawee Substation Page 13Operational Noise & Construction Noise & Vibration AssessmentReport No. 11332 Version BAttended measurements indicated that the primary noise sources are:Rectifier enclosed in substation (and 1 standby rectifier);One transformer is audible with up to 3dB increase in noise levels during train pass(and 1 auxiliary transformer); andDirect Current Circuit breaker (DCCB).DCCB tripping is extremely rare. This would typically be absent during normal operation of thesubstation as it is only a fault condition. It is more likely to occur when the substation is underload when trains are running, but could occur in the middle of the night.Attended measurements were not obtained for the DCCB. DCCB tripping is an extremelyinfrequent event with approximately 3 openings within a substation per year (if the openingswere uniformly spread across all DCCB’s per year). Previous operational noise assessment forYagoona Traction Substation stated that the internal sound pressure level of the DCCB trippingis L Amax 113dBA.Based on the extremely infrequent DCCB openings, this event has not been included for thetypical operational assessment. However, it is necessary to predict the likely noise levels.As there are openings for ventilation along the eastern façade of the building, the predictednoise level at the receivers when this occurs is likely to be approximately 60dBA, which wouldbe clearly audible at the closest residences. This level could be reduced by acoustically treatingthe openings which face the closest residences (acoustic louvres or internally lined ducts).Observations made during the attended measurements indicated that rectifier and transformernoise levels fluctuates during train passes, therefore worst-case noise levels have been used forassessment purposes even though it is unlikely that the transformers will be under load duringthe quietest part of the night time period.Further observations as noted in Table 4-1 indicate that the rectifier is inaudible outside thesubstation building. The active transformer is audible with up to 3dB fluctuations in noise levelsbefore, during and after train passes with levels dropping shortly after.Additionally, no tonal characteristics were observed from the third octave band analysis oftransformer measurements. A third octave band spectrum has been included in Appendix B.5.2 Predicted Noise Levels at ReceiversOperational noise levels have been predicted to the closest receivers. Table 4-2 provides asummary of predicted noise levels for the night time period where background noise levels areat the lowest. In predicting noise levels it has been assumed that the rectifiers and bothprimary transformers would be running under load. A conservative 5dB attenuation has beenassumed for the shielding provided by the solid brick wall on the eastern facade, and theretaining wall and rail corridor on the western facade. Predictions were made using geometricspreading and an allowance for shielding.

Warrawee Substation Page 14Operational Noise & Construction Noise & Vibration AssessmentReport No. 11332 Version BTable 5-2Predicted Noise Levels at Residential Receivers – L Aeq,15minLocationDistance,(m)Predicted NoiseLevels L Aeq,15minRBL, dBA,Night Time(10pm - 7am)IntrusiveCriteria,Night Time(10pm - 7am)Complies38 Brentwood Ave 57 25 31 36 Yes40 Brentwood Ave 32 30 31 36 Yes51 Brentwood Ave 61 24 31 36 Yes53 Brentwood Ave 69 23 31 36 Yes55 Brentwood Ave 56 25 31 36 Yes57 Brentwood Ave 36 29 31 36 Yes59 Brentwood Ave 32 30 31 36 Yes61 Brentwood Ave 33 28 31 36 Yes63 Brentwood Ave 46 27 31 36 Yes65 Brentwood Ave 70 23 31 36 Yes15 Winton St 40 28 33 38 Yes17 Winton St 36 29 33 38 YesPredicted operational levels of Warrawee Traction Substation are within the ‘Background Noise+ 5dB’ night time criteria and are in most cases within the Background Noise Levels. Hence theoperation of the substation complies with the intrusive criteria.

Warrawee Substation Page 15Operational Noise & Construction Noise & Vibration AssessmentReport No. 11332 Version B6 CONSTRUCTION NOISE CRITERIAThe NSW Office of Environment and Heritage (OEH) released the “Interim Construction NoiseGuideline” (ICNG) in July 2009. The guideline provides noise goals that assist in assessing theimpact of construction noise.For residences, the basic daytime construction noise goal is that the L Aeq, 15min noise level shouldnot exceed the background noise by more than 10dBA. This is for standard hours: Monday toFriday 7.00am to 6.00pm, and Saturday 8.00am to 1.00pm. Outside the standard hours, theneed for works need to be strongly justified and in this case the criterion would be background+ 5dBA. Table 4-1 details the ICNG noise goals.Table 6-1 Construction Noise Goals at Residences using QuantitativeAssessmentTime of DayManagementLevelL Aeq,(15min)How to ApplyRecommendedStandard Hours:Monday to Friday7am to 6pmSaturday8am to 1pmNo work on Sundaysor Public HolidaysNoise affectedRBL + 10dBAHighly noiseaffected75dBAThe noise affected level represents the point above which theremay be some community reaction to noise.Where the predicted or measured L Aeq,(15min) is greater than thenoise affected level, the proponent should apply all feasible andreasonable work practices to minimise noise.The proponent should also inform all potentially impactedresidents of the nature of works to be carried out, the expectednoise levels and duration, as well as contact details.The highly noise affected level represents the point abovewhich there may be strong community reaction to noise.Where noise is above this level, the proponent should considervery carefully if there is any other feasible and reasonable wayto reduce noise to below this level.If no quieter work method is feasible and reasonable, and theworks proceed, the proponent should communicate with theimpacted residents by clearly explaining the duration and noiselevel of the works, and by describing any respite periods thatwill be provided.Outsiderecommendedstandard hoursNoise affectedRBL + 5dBA strong justification would typically be required for worksoutside the recommended standard hours.The proponent should apply all feasible and reasonable workpractices to meet the noise affected level.Where all feasible and reasonable practices have been appliedand noise is more than 5dB(A) above the noise affected level,the proponent should negotiate with the community.For guidance on negotiating agreements see section 7.2.2.

Warrawee Substation Page 16Operational Noise & Construction Noise & Vibration AssessmentReport No. 11332 Version BTable 6-2 presents the applicable noise management levels for construction activities atsurrounding receivers. As most works are planned for the daytime (7.00am-6.00pm) period,and between 6.00am and 4.00pm on specific weekends the daytime period and out-of-hoursperiod management levels are listed below. The out-of-hours management levels consist ofnight time period management levels (6.00am to 7.00am) and daytime management levels(7.00am to 4.00pm).Table 6-2Site Specific Construction Noise Management LevelsConstruction Noise Management Level,MaximumL Aeq – dBALocationConstruction NoiseDay Out-Of -Hours Out-Of -HoursLevel, L Aeq – dBA(7am – 6pm) (6am – 7am) (7am – 4pm)Brentwood Ave 47 36 42 75Winton St 49 38 44 756.1 Sleep DisturbanceSleep disturbance is a complex issue and the potential for sleep disturbance depends on boththe level of a noise event and the number of noise events. As a screening guideline, the OEHrecommends that the night time L A1 noise level should not exceed the night time RBL by morethan 15dBA. Where this screening criterion is exceeded, a more detailed analysis is required.In this case, some guidance on possible impacts is contained in the NSW Road Noise Policy(RNP).The RNP states:Maximum internal noise levels below 50-55dBA are unlikely to awaken people fromsleepOne or two noise events per night, with maximum internal noise levels of 65-70dBA, are notlikely to affect health and wellbeing significantly.If external windows are open, the difference between external and internal noise levels isapproximately 10dBA, and hence external levels below 60-65dBA are considered unlikely tocause awakening reactions.6.2 Predicted Construction Noise LevelsTypical plants that may be used during earthworks, excavation, piling as well as otherconstruction stages are identified in Table 6-3. These Sound Power Levels (SWL) have recentlybeen measured at other similar construction sites. The table lists SWL for the various plants andequipments that will be used for the proposed work. The sound power levels are presentedusing both the L Aeq and the L Amax descriptor whilst plant is operational. Stages where similarplant are used have been combined into one scenario. In determining the L Aeq,15min noise levels,account is taken of the typical duration plant may be operating in a typical 15 minute period.

Warrawee Substation Page 17Operational Noise & Construction Noise & Vibration AssessmentReport No. 11332 Version BTable 6-3Sound Power Levels for Construction EquipmentScenarioSiteEstablishmentInitial Excavation& ConstructionBulk Earthworks& ExcavationSuperstructureConstructionDuration ofWorks100 DaysPiling Works– 74 DaysRetaining WallConstruction– 16 DaysExternal Pits– 25 DaysPit and SlabConstruction– 160 DaysBund YardConstruction– 80 Days80 Days55 DaysSound SoundPower PowerEquipmentLevel, Level,L Aeq L Amax(dBA) (dBA)Eight Wheel Crane Truck 104 109Franna Crane 104 109Skid Steer Loader 107 111Dump Truck 108 11350 Tonne Crane 105 110Piling Rig (Drill Rig) 108 113Piling Rig (Drill Rig) 108 113Franna Crane 104 109Eight Wheel Crane Truck 104 10915 Tonne Excavators (2) 103 110Site Dumper (2) 99 104Shotcreting Pump and Agitator (Up to 2) 109 114Skid Steer Loader 107 111Dump Truck 108 113Sweeper Water Truck 108 11350 Tonne Crane (for Humeceptor) 105 110Shotcreting Pump and Agitators (2) 109 11415 Tonne Excavators (2) 103 110Eight Wheel Crane Truck 104 109Dump Truck 108 113Skid Steer Loader 107 111Sweeper Water Truck 108 113Site Dumper (2) 104 111Padfoot Roller 102 107Smooth Drum Roller 102 10550 Tonne Crane 105 110Dump Truck 108 1138 Wheel Crane Truck 104 10950 Tonne Crane 105 110Dump Truck 108 113Skid Steer Loader 107 111Road Pavement 9 Days Smooth Drum Roller 102 105

Warrawee Substation Page 18Operational Noise & Construction Noise & Vibration AssessmentReport No. 11332 Version BScenarioFitout &CommissioningSiteDemobilisationDuration ofWorks215 Days20 DaysSound SoundPower PowerEquipmentLevel, Level,L Aeq L Amax(dBA) (dBA)15 Tonne Excavators (2) 103 110Road Paver 103 108Dump Truck 108 113Skid Steer Loader 107 111Site Dumper (2) 104 111Profiler 107 112Sweeper Water Truck 108 113300 Tonne Crane 106 111Support Vehicles (2) 90 95Low Loader (2) 106 111Eight Wheel Crane Truck 104 109Eight Wheel Crane Truck 104 10950 Tonne Crane 105 110Dump Truck 104 111Site Dumper 104 111Noise predictions have been made based on the possible worst-case impacts taking intoconsideration the most likely scenario for typical construction. This has been made based ondiscussions with the client on most likely construction scenarios and locations of plant. As aworst-case scenario, this assumes that most of the relevant plants would be operating duringmost of the 15-minute assessment period.The following activity L Aeq,15min noise levels have been assumed:Site EstablishmentoNoisiest activity would be from the Franna Crane and the 50 Tonne Crane movingplant into site. Other plant such as the piling rig would be established but won’t beoperational at this stage. L Aeq,15min noise levels for this would be 107dBA.

Warrawee Substation Page 19Operational Noise & Construction Noise & Vibration AssessmentReport No. 11332 Version BInitial Excavation & ConstructionoThe plant used for Piling & Retaining Wall Construction; Pit & Slab Construction andConstruction of Bunded Yards & External Pits are similar with the noisiest plantbeing the shotcreting pump with the agitator. L Aeq,15min noise levels for this activitywould be 109dBA.Bulk Earthworks & ExcavationoNoisiest activity from this activity would be from excavation works which wouldinclude two excavators, skid steer loader, dump truck and site dumpers working atthe same time. L Aeq,15min noise levels for this activity would be 113dBA.Superstructure ConstructionoNoisiest activity from this activity would be from the steel cage installation thatwould involve craneage works using a 50 tonne crane, an 8 wheel crane truck withthe delivery truck idling on site. L Aeq,15min noise levels for this activity would be108dBA.Road PavementoNoisiest activity from road pavement works would be from profiling using a profiler(rotor mill). Noise levels for this activity would be 107dBAFitout & CommissioningoPreliminary Earthworks & Internal Fitout• These works involve installation of main plant for the substation and thenoisiest activity would be the 300 Tonne Crane with the delivery truck idlingon site. L Aeq,15min noise levels for this activity would be 106dBAo External Fit Out (Out-Of-Hours Works)• Noisiest activity from this activity would be from 8 wheel crane truck withdelivery truck idling on site. L Aeq,15min noise levels for this activity would be108dBASite DemobilisationoNoisiest activity from this activity would involve craning activity from the eightwheel crane truck and the 50 tonne crane, site dumpers, dump trucks working toremove construction equipment, plant, materials and site offices from site. L Aeq,15minnoise levels for this activity would be 112dBANoise levels were predicted at all the nearest affected receivers to the works. Electrical workshas been assessed for out-of-hours works as well as the certain works that require access tothe work areas closer to the rail line. Due to the need to be within the rail corridor these workscan only be conducted after hours during track possession.

Warrawee Substation Page 20Operational Noise & Construction Noise & Vibration AssessmentReport No. 11332 Version BTable 6-4Site EstablishmentWorst-AffectedResidentialReceiversClosestDistanceReceiversto Works(m)RatedBackgroundNoise Level,RBL (dBA)NoiseManagementLevels(dBA)PredictedNoise Levels(dBA)Exceedance(dBA)38 Brentwood Ave 57 37 47 64 1740 Brentwood Ave 32 37 47 69 2251 Brentwood Ave 61 37 47 64 1753 Brentwood Ave 69 37 47 62 1555 Brentwood Ave 56 37 47 64 1757 Brentwood Ave 36 37 47 68 2159 Brentwood Ave 32 37 47 69 2261 Brentwood Ave 44 37 47 66 1963 Brentwood Ave 46 37 47 66 1965 Brentwood Ave 70 37 47 62 1515 Winton St 40 39 49 67 1817 Winton St 36 39 49 68 19Table 6-5Initial Excavation & ConstructionWorst-AffectedResidentialReceiversClosestDistanceReceiversto Works(m)RatedBackgroundNoise Level,RBL (dBA)NoiseManagementLevels(dBA)PredictedNoise Levels(dBA)Exceedance(dBA)38 Brentwood Ave 57 37 47 66 1940 Brentwood Ave 32 37 47 71 2451 Brentwood Ave 61 37 47 65 1853 Brentwood Ave 69 37 47 64 1755 Brentwood Ave 56 37 47 66 1957 Brentwood Ave 36 37 47 70 2359 Brentwood Ave 32 37 47 71 2461 Brentwood Ave 44 37 47 68 2163 Brentwood Ave 46 37 47 67 2065 Brentwood Ave 70 37 47 64 1715 Winton St 40 39 49 69 2017 Winton St 36 39 49 70 21

Warrawee Substation Page 21Operational Noise & Construction Noise & Vibration AssessmentReport No. 11332 Version BTable 6-6Bulk Earthworks & ExcavationClosestNoiseRatedWorst Affected DistanceManagement PredictedBackgroundExceedanceResidential ReceiversLevels Noise LevelsNoise Level,(dBA)Receivers to Works(dBA)(dBA)RBL (dBA)(m)38 Brentwood Ave 57 37 47 70 2340 Brentwood Ave 32 37 47 75 2851 Brentwood Ave 61 37 47 69 2253 Brentwood Ave 69 37 47 68 2155 Brentwood Ave 56 37 47 70 2357 Brentwood Ave 36 37 47 74 2759 Brentwood Ave 32 37 47 75 2861 Brentwood Ave 44 37 47 72 2563 Brentwood Ave 46 37 47 72 2565 Brentwood Ave 70 37 47 68 2115 Winton St 40 39 49 73 2417 Winton St 36 39 49 74 25Table 6-7Superstructure ConstructionClosestNoiseRatedWorst Affected DistanceManagement PredictedBackgroundExceedanceResidential ReceiversLevels Noise LevelsNoise Level,(dBA)Receivers to Works(dBA)(dBA)RBL (dBA)(m)38 Brentwood Ave 89 37 47 64 1740 Brentwood Ave 66 37 47 66 1951 Brentwood Ave 95 37 47 63 1653 Brentwood Ave 78 37 47 65 1855 Brentwood Ave 58 37 47 67 2057 Brentwood Ave 41 37 47 70 2359 Brentwood Ave 38 37 47 71 2461 Brentwood Ave 37 37 47 71 2463 Brentwood Ave 52 37 47 68 2165 Brentwood Ave 76 37 47 65 1815 Winton St 64 39 49 67 1817 Winton St 35 39 49 72 23

Warrawee Substation Page 22Operational Noise & Construction Noise & Vibration AssessmentReport No. 11332 Version BTable 6-8Road PavementClosestNoiseRatedWorst Affected DistanceManagement PredictedBackgroundExceedanceResidential ReceiversLevels Noise LevelsNoise Level,(dBA)Receivers to Works(dBA)(dBA)RBL (dBA)(m)32 Brentwood Ave 19 37 47 74 2734 Brentwood Ave 20 37 47 74 2736 Brentwood Ave 17 37 47 75 2838 Brentwood Ave 16 37 47 75 2840 Brentwood Ave 18 37 47 74 2745 Brentwood Ave 18 37 47 74 2747 Brentwood Ave 22 37 47 73 2649 Brentwood Ave 20 37 47 73 2651 Brentwood Ave 22 37 47 73 2653 Brentwood Ave 31 37 47 70 2355 Brentwood Ave 20 37 47 73 2657 Brentwood Ave 22 37 47 73 2659 Brentwood Ave 22 37 47 73 2661 Brentwood Ave 18 37 47 74 2763 Brentwood Ave 18 37 47 74 2765 Brentwood Ave 23 37 47 72 2515 Winton St 55 39 49 65 1617 Winton St 62 39 49 64 1563 Hastings Rd 17 37 47 75 2865 Hastings Rd 10 37 47 79 3267 Hastings Rd 36 37 47 68 2169 Hastings Rd 27 37 47 71 24

Warrawee Substation Page 23Operational Noise & Construction Noise & Vibration AssessmentReport No. 11332 Version BTable 6-9Site DemobilisationWorst AffectedResidentialReceiversClosestDistanceReceiversto Works(m)RatedBackgroundNoise Level,RBL (dBA)NoiseManagementLevels(dBA)PredictedNoise Levels(dBA)Exceedance(dBA)38 Brentwood Ave 89 37 47 65 1840 Brentwood Ave 66 37 47 67 2051 Brentwood Ave 95 37 47 64 1753 Brentwood Ave 78 37 47 66 1955 Brentwood Ave 58 37 47 68 2157 Brentwood Ave 41 37 47 71 2459 Brentwood Ave 38 37 47 72 2561 Brentwood Ave 37 37 47 72 2563 Brentwood Ave 52 37 47 69 2265 Brentwood Ave 76 37 47 66 1915 Winton St 64 39 49 68 1917 Winton St 35 39 49 73 24

Warrawee Substation Page 24Operational Noise & Construction Noise & Vibration AssessmentReport No. 11332 Version BTable 6-10Fitout & Commissioning (During Day Time Period and Out-of-Hours between 7.00am and 5.30pm)NoiseClosest RatedNoiseNoise Predicted Predicted NoiseManagementWorst Affected Distance Background ManagementManagement Noise Levels for Exceedance, Exceedance,Levels,Residential Receivers Noise Level, Levels,Levels, Levels for Out-Of-Hours Day Out-Of-Hours,Out-Of-Hours,Receivers to Works Day RBLDayOut-Of-Hours, Day Works for Day Works (dBA) Day (dBA)Day(m)(dBA)(dBA)Night (dBA) (dBA)(dBA)(dBA)38 Brentwood Ave 89 37 47 42 36 61 59 14 1740 Brentwood Ave 66 37 47 42 36 63 62 16 2051 Brentwood Ave 95 37 47 42 36 60 59 13 1753 Brentwood Ave 78 37 47 42 36 62 60 15 1855 Brentwood Ave 58 37 47 42 36 65 62 18 2057 Brentwood Ave 41 37 47 42 36 68 63 21 2159 Brentwood Ave 38 37 47 42 36 68 67 21 2561 Brentwood Ave 37 37 47 42 36 65 67 18 2563 Brentwood Ave 52 37 47 42 36 64 64 17 2265 Brentwood Ave 76 37 47 42 36 62 61 15 1915 Winton St 64 39 49 44 38 64 62 15 1817 Winton St 35 39 49 44 38 69 67 20 23

Warrawee Substation Page 25Operational Noise & Construction Noise & Vibration AssessmentReport No. 11332 Version BThe ‘Out-of-Hours’ works that have been scheduled for the Electrical Works as listed above inTable 6-10 are to be conducted on weekends during track possession between 7.00am and5.30pm. The planned ‘Electrical Works’ during out-of-hours have to be conducted during trackpossession due to the proximity of the works to the rail line, hence are dependant on theplanned track possession which typically occur over the weekends. The planned dates for theseare as below: 9/6/2012 – 11/6/2012 10/11/2012 – 11/11/2012 9/2/2013 – 10/2/2013 22/6/2013 – 23/6/2013 31/8/2013 – 1/9/2013 9/11/2013 – 10/11/2013 15/2/2014 – 16/2/2014 5/4/2014 - 6/4/2014 30/8/2014 – 31/8/2014 1/11/2014 – 2/11/2014Although predictions have been assessed based on worst-case noise impact, in most casesexcept for a few periods of noisy activity, the noise levels will most likely be lower thanpredicted levels. Whilst the typical highest levels exceed the management levels, they arepredicted to remain below the 75dBA “Highly Affected” limit.

Warrawee Substation Page 26Operational Noise & Construction Noise & Vibration AssessmentReport No. 11332 Version B7 CONSTRUCTION VIBRATION ASSESSMENT7.1 Vibration CriteriaCriteria for assessment of the effects of vibration on human comfort are set out in BritishStandard 6472-1992. Methods and criteria in that Standard are used to set “preferred” and“maximum” vibration levels in the document “Assessing Vibration: A Technical Guideline” (2006)produced by the NSW OEH.Acceptable values of human exposure to continuous vibration, such as that associated withunderground drilling, are dependent on the time of day and the activity taking place in theoccupied space (e.g. workshop, office, residence or a vibration-critical area). Guidance onpreferred values for continuous vibration is set out in Table 7-1.Table 7-1Criteria for Exposure to Continuous VibrationPlaceTimePeak Particle Velocity(mm/s)Preferred MaximumCritical working areas(e.g. hospital operating theatres precision laboratories)Day or night time 0.14 0.28ResidencesDaytime 0.28 0.56Night time 0.20 0.40Offices Day or night time 0.56 1.1Workshops Day or night time 1.1 2.2In the case of intermittent vibration, which is caused by plant such as rock breakers, the criteriaare expressed as a Vibration Dose Value (VDV) which is presented in Table 7-2.Table 7-2 Acceptable Vibration Dose Values for Intermittent Vibration (m/s 1.75 )DaytimeNight TimeLocationPreferredValueMaximumValuePreferredValueMaximumValueCritical areas 0.10 0.20 0.10 0.20Residences 0.20 0.40 0.13 0.26Offices, schools, educationalinstitutions and places of worship0.40 0.80 0.40 0.80Workshops 0.80 1.60 0.80 1.60Calculation of VDV requires knowledge of the number of events in the relevant time period.

Warrawee Substation Page 27Operational Noise & Construction Noise & Vibration AssessmentReport No. 11332 Version B7.2 Building DamageIn terms of the most recent relevant vibration damage objectives, Australian Standard AS 2187:Part 2-2006 “Explosives – Storage and Use – Part 2: Use of Explosives” recommends thefrequency dependent guideline values and assessment methods given in BS 7385 Part 2-1993“Evaluation and measurement for vibration in buildings Part 2” as they “are applicable toAustralian conditions”.The British Standard sets guide values for building vibration based on the lowest vibration levelsabove which damage has been credibly demonstrated. These levels are judged to give aminimum risk of vibration-induced damage, where minimal risk for a named effect is usuallytaken as a 95% probability of no effect.The recommended limits (guide values) from BS7385 for transient vibration to ensure minimalrisk of cosmetic damage to residential and industrial buildings are presented numerically inTable 7-3 .Table 7-3Transient Vibration Guide Values - Minimal Risk of Cosmetic DamageType of BuildingReinforced or framed structuresIndustrial and heavy commercial buildingsPeak component particle velocity in frequencyrange of predominant pulse4 Hz to 15 Hz 15 Hz and above50mm/s at 4 Hz and aboveN/AUnreinforced or light framed structuresResidential or light commercial type buildings15mm/s at 4 Hz increasing to20mm/s at 15 Hz20mm/s at 15 Hz increasing to50mm/s at 40 Hz and aboveThe Standard states that the guide values in Table 7-3 relate predominantly to transientvibration which does not give rise to resonant responses in structures, and to low-rise buildings.Note that rock breaking / hammering and sheet piling activities are considered to have thepotential to cause dynamic loading in some structures (e.g. residences) and it may therefore beappropriate to reduce the transient values by 50%.The British Standard goes on to state that “Some data suggests that the probability of damagetends towards zero at 12.5 mm/s peak component particle velocity”. In addition, a building ofhistorical value should not (unless it is structurally unsound) be assumed to be more sensitive.

Warrawee Substation Page 28Operational Noise & Construction Noise & Vibration AssessmentReport No. 11332 Version BFigure 7-1Graph of Transient Vibration Guide Values for Cosmetic DamageIn addition to the British Standard, for the case of nearby heritage buildings, guidance forstructural damage is derived from the German Standard DIN 4150 -3 “Structural Vibration Part3 – Effects of Vibration on Structures”. The following Table details these recommendations forheritage buildings.Table 7-4DIN 4150 recommend PPV vibration level for Heritage BuildingsGuideline Values for Velocity – mm/s1-10 Hz 10 to 15 Hz 40 to 50 Hz3 3 to 8 8-10Construction, demolition and excavation activities have the potential to generate significantlevels of vibration. Usage Hydraulic hammer involved in such works would generate the highestvibration levels when compared to other activities.7.3 Vibration AssessmentInitial Excavation of the site will involve usage of a piling rig. Earthworks associated with theworks will be conducted using excavators with bucket attachments, skid steer loaders, pad footand smooth drum rollers.The highest vibration levels during the construction of the substation will be those generated bythe piling rig. A review of the site plant and surrounding receivers indicate that the minimumdistance between potential piling activities and surrounding residential buildings are:40 Brentwood Avenue – 32m

Warrawee Substation Page 29Operational Noise & Construction Noise & Vibration AssessmentReport No. 11332 Version B59 Brentwood Avenue – 32m17 Winton Street – 35mBased on previous measurements conducted by Wilkinson Murray, Peak Particle Velocity (PPV)levels for a piling rig similar to the proposed piling rig at a distance of 2.9 meters we’re between0.8 to 1.12mm/s. At a setback of more than 30m the vibration levels would be significantlylower. At these levels, there should be no possibility of cosmetic or building damage to thenearby residents.With regards to the roadwork’s usage of a vibratory smooth drum roller would have thepotential of generating high vibration levels. The minimum distance between the roller and thesurrounding residential buildings are:65 Hastings Road – 10m63 Hastings Road – 17m36 Brentwood Avenue – 17mTable 7-5Measured Vibration Levels for a Vibratory RollerDistance (m) 5 10 20 30 40 50Vibration PPV (mm/s) 7 4.5 3 2.3 2 1.7Based on the levels listed in Table 7-5 the vibration levels at the closest residential receiverswould be between 3 to 4.5 mm/s. This is within the recommended criteria based on DIN 4150hence there should be no possibility of cosmetic or building damage to the nearby residents.However, due to the proximity of the works to the nearby residents it is recommended thatvibration monitoring be conducted during the works.

Warrawee Substation Page 30Operational Noise & Construction Noise & Vibration AssessmentReport No. 11332 Version B8 CONSTRUCTION NOISE & VIBRATION MITIGATION MEASURESWithout mitigation, noise levels from some construction activities have been predicted toexceed the noise management levels (RBL + 10dBA) nominated in the guidelines at somesurrounding receivers; however, except for ‘Road Pavement’ stage, noise levels at the receiversare typically below the highly noise affected level (below or at 75dBA).The noisiest activity throughout the works that is predicted to exceed the 75dBA limits relatesto the ‘Road Pavement’ works that involve repaving sections of Brentwood Avenue and HastingsRoad closest to the site. However, the duration of this activity is planned for 7 days and can bemanaged with proper mitigation.Therefore, noise control measures have been recommended to ensure that noise is reducedwhere reasonable and feasible. A range of possible approaches to reducing the impact ofconstruction noise is described below. It is proposed that these strategies be applied to areasof potential exceedance identified in the preceding section. These mitigations are based onrecommendations as per the ICNG and the ‘EPL 12208 RailCorp Environment ProtectionLicense’.Plant Noise Audit – Noise emission levels of all critical items of mobile plant and equipmentshould be checked for compliance with noise limits appropriate to those items prior to theequipment going into regular service. To this end, a testing regime should be establishedwith the principal contractor using manufacturer data where possible.Equipment Selection – All fixed plant and stationary mobile plant at the work sites shouldbe appropriately selected, and where necessary, fitted with silencers, acoustical enclosuresand other noise attenuation measures.Erecting Noise Barriers – Normally erecting a 2.4m high plywood noise barriers around thesite to attenuate levels of construction can reduce noise levels by 10dB at receivers at asimilar RL. These noise barriers would normally be constructed around the site boundary.Because of the site topography, their use on this site may only provide limited benefit.For the Site Demobilisation Stage – Limit usage of hydraulic hammers whenever possibleand instead use ripping/lifting methods; irrespective utilise quiet ‘city hammers’.For using cranes to transport items into site, alternatives to chains (straps) should beconsidered or instead employ the use of rubber sheath around the chains. The chainsshould be clipped together to minimise the noise.Ensure that truck movements along the work site are performed in an efficient manner tominimise the need for reversing, therefore minimising reversing alarm noise, and use smartreversing alarms or squawkers in place of traditional reversing alarms for all mobile plant tominimise the intrusiveness of reversing alarms.For the out-of-hours works – Plan works to start at 7.00am rather than 6.00am such toavoid the need to comply with sleep disturbance criteria.Maximising offset between noisy plant and nearby residential receivers wherever possibleand orienting equipment away from residential receiversUnless agreed with neighbours avoid any simultaneous operation of two or more noisy plantitems in close vicinity and adjacent to residential receivers – for example for roadworks –

Warrawee Substation Page 31Operational Noise & Construction Noise & Vibration AssessmentReport No. 11332 Version Bavoid having the road paver and rollers running at the same timeSchedule noisy activity during normal business house between 7am and 6pm Monday toFriday and 8am to 1pm Saturday. For any works planned during weekend track possessionplan all noisy activity between Saturday 8am and 1pm.Other Management Measures that should also be implemented are:Conduct a combination of attended and unattended noise monitoring of works during theinitial stages, especially ‘Out-Of-Hours’ works, at the closest receivers to record typicallevels at the residential receivers.Communicate with the impacted residents prior to and during works via letter box dropsprior to any potentially disturbing activities and providing a project info line for complaints.Condition 03.2 of the ‘EPL 12208 RailCorp Environment Protection License’ requiresnotification to be provided to the residents at least 5 days prior to works commencing.

Warrawee Substation Page 32Operational Noise & Construction Noise & Vibration AssessmentReport No. 11332 Version B9 TRAFFIC NOISE FROM CONSTRUCTION TRAFFICThe NSW Office of Environment and Heritage Road Noise Policy (RNP) presents the NSWGovernment’s guidelines for road traffic noise assessment. Whilst not specifically designed todeal with temporary traffic increases during construction, it provides some guidance on likelyimpacts due to increased traffic.In the initial stages and towards the end this development will contribute to a small increase inlocal traffic. Based on the RNP this development would be classified as:‘Land use for development with potential to create additional traffic on local roads’ with thelocal roads referring to Brentwood Ave and Hastings Road.The recommended criterion for situation is:Day (between 7.00am and 10.00pm) – L Aeq,1hr 55dBA.Where criteria are already exceeded, traffic arising from the development should not lead to anincrease in existing noise levels of more than 2dB.The traffic movements relevant to the works will be mainly to transport plant, equipment andmaterials to site with the exception of the ‘Site Demobilisation’ stage where constructionequipment, plant, materials and site offices will be removed from site.There has been two proposed management plans for traffic flow to the site based ondiscussions with the client.Scenario A – traffic will enter the site via Brentwood Ave and leave the site via HastingsRoadScenario B – traffic will enter and exit the site via Brentwood Ave.Scenario AThe traffic flow has been designed such that traffic will enter site via Brentwood Avenue andexit the site via Hastings Road. At this point all deliveries and removal of plant has beenscheduled during the day.Under the worst-case scenario, up to an additional 3 truck movement per hour on BrentwoodAvenue and Hastings Road could be generated by the project. Using the Calculation of RoadTraffic Noise (CoRTN) traffic noise prediction technique, the contribution of these truckmovements has been estimated. Assumptions in this calculation include:vehicle speed 40km/h;distance to façade 9m; and difference of 3dB between CoRTN-calculated L A10,1hr noise levels and L Aeq,1hr .The calculated contribution from three truck movements per hour associated with the project is52dBA L Aeq,1hr. This is 3dBA below the criteria and considered acceptable, particularly since theincrease in traffic flow will be temporary, whereas the above criteria are intended forassessment of a permanent increase in traffic volumes.

Warrawee Substation Page 33Operational Noise & Construction Noise & Vibration AssessmentReport No. 11332 Version BScenario BThe second traffic management plan would be for vehicles to enter and exit the site viaBrentwood Ave. Under a worst case scenario there would be a total of six truck movements (3entering and 3 exiting site) in an hour. Using the Calculation of Road Traffic Noise (CoRTN)traffic noise prediction technique, the contribution of these truck movements has beenestimated. Assumptions in this calculation include:vehicle speed 40km/h;distance to façade 9m; and difference of 3dB between CoRTN-calculated L A10,1hr noise levels and L Aeq,1hr .The calculated contribution for 3 truck movement per hour is 55dBA L Aeq,1hr.. This just meets therecommended criteria. Additionally, it should be noted that the increase in traffic flow istemporary.Furthermore, it is understood that heavy vehicles waiting to enter site would not be idling onBrentwood Avenue hence reducing impact from vehicular movements to the residents onBrentwood Avenue. .

Warrawee Substation Page 34Operational Noise & Construction Noise & Vibration AssessmentReport No. 11332 Version B10 CONCLUSIONThe Operation Noise & Construction Noise & Vibration Assessment for Warrawee TractionSubstation has been prepared to assess the potential impact of the operations of the substationand also the impact from the construction works.The Operational Assessment of the substation indicates that the operation will comply with therelevant criteria as stated in the NSW Industrial Noise Policy (INP). The assessment has beenmade based on a worst case scenario where the Transformers would be operating at maximumload.The Construction Noise & Vibration Assessment recommends mitigation and managementmeasures for noise generated by the works, reducing potential impact to the surroundingreceivers. Assessment of vibration impact levels indicate that any potential impact fromvibration is predicted to be within relevant criteria.Management and mitigation measures to reduce noise impact at receivers have been identified,and are listed in Section 8 above. With proper management and mitigation, the potential noiseand vibration impact at the receivers can be minimised.Impacts from off-site traffic noise are predicted to be within criteria adopted from the RoadNoise Policy, which do not strictly apply but are considered the most relevant.

APPENDIX ANOISE MEASUREMENT RESULTS

Warrawee Substation Appendix A-1Operational Noise & Construction Noise & Vibration AssessmentReport No. 11332 Version BProject: 11332 Warrawee SubstationLocation: Rail Corridor, Brentwood Avenue

Warrawee Substation Appendix A-2Operational Noise & Construction Noise & Vibration AssessmentReport No. 11332 Version BProject: 11332 Warrawee SubstationLocation: Rail Corridor, Brentwood Avenue

Warrawee Substation Appendix A-3Operational Noise & Construction Noise & Vibration AssessmentReport No. 11332 Version BProject: 11332 Warrawee SubstationLocation: Rail Corridor, Brentwood Avenue

Warrawee Substation Appendix A-4Operational Noise & Construction Noise & Vibration AssessmentReport No. 11332 Version BProject: 11332 Warrawee SubstationLocation: Rail Corridor, Brentwood Avenue

APPENDIX BMEASURED ONE THIRD OCTAVE BAND SPECTRUMOF RECTIFIER TRANSFORMER

Warrawee Substation Appendix B-1Operational Noise & Construction Noise & Vibration AssessmentReport No. 11332 Version BOne Third Octave Spectrum of Rectifier Transformer807060Decibels, dB504030201002531.540506380100125160200250315400500630800100012501600200025003150400050006300800010000125001600020000Frequency, Hz

ReferencesAppendix DAHIMS Search ResultsWarrawee Substation Project/Review of Environmental Factors

Sophie Lovett15/133 Castlereagh StSydney New South Wales 2000Attention: Sophie LovettEmail: sophie.lovett@ghd.comDear Sir or Madam:AHIMS Web Services (AWS)Search Result Your Ref Number : 2119721AHIMS Web Service search for the following area at Lat, Long From : 151.12, -33.72916 - Lat, Long To :-33.72443, 151.1279 with a Buffer of 0 meters. conducted by Sophie Lovett on 29 February 2012A search off the Offffice off the Environment and Heritage AHIMS Web Services (Aboriginal Heritage InfformationManagement System) has shown that:0 Aboriginal sites are recorded in or near the above location.0 Aboriginal places have been declared in or near the above location. *If your search shows Aboriginal sites or places what should you do?You must do an extensive search iff AHIMS has shown that there are Aboriginal sites or places recorded in thesearch area.Iff you are checking AHIMS as a part off your due diligence, reffer to the next steps off the Due Diligence Code offpractice.You can get ffurther infformation about Aboriginal places by looking at the gazettal notice that declared it.Aboriginal places gazetted affter 2001 are available on the NSW Government Gazette(http://www.nsw.gov.au/gazette) website. Gazettal notices published prior to 2001 can be obtained ffromOffffice off Environment and Heritage's Aboriginal Heritage Infformation Unit upon requestImportant information about your AHIMS searchThe infformation derived ffrom the AHIMS search is only to be used ffor the purpose ffor which it was requested.It is not be made available to the public.AHIMS records infformation about Aboriginal sites that have been provided to Offffice off Environment andHeritage and Aboriginal places that have been declared by the Minister;Infformation recorded on AHIMS may vary in its accuracy and may not be up to date .Location details arerecorded as grid refferences and it is important to note that there may be errors or omissions in theserecordings,Some parts off New South Wales have not been investigated in detail and there may be ffewer records offAboriginal sites in those areas. These areas may contain Aboriginal sites which are not recorded on AHIMS.Aboriginal objects are protected under the National Parks and Wildliffe Act 1974 even iff they are not recordedas a site on AHIMS.This search can fform part off your due diligence and remains valid ffor 12 months.Client Service ID : 64420Date: 29 February 2012PO BOX 1967 Hurstville NSW 222043 BridgeStreet HURSTVILLE NSW 2220Tel: (02)9585 6345 (02)9585 6741 Fax: (02)9585 6094ABN 30 841 387 271Email: ahims@environment.nsw.gov.auWeb: www.environment.nsw.gov.au

AHIMS Basic SearchPage 1 of 1Welcome, sophie.lovett@ghd.com !LogoutAHIMS Web ServicesMy User ProfileMy OrganisationsMy SearchesAHIMS Basic SearchExtensive SearchExtensive Search by ShapeFilesSearch/RequestArchaeological ReportsSearch/Request Site CardsArrange VisitLicense Agreement DataRequestAHIMS Basic SearchSearch Type Search by Lot/DP Eastings and Northings Latitude and Longitude Map Batch SearchSearch using MapCoordinatesLat From : -33.72914To : -33.72441Long From : 151.11996To : 151.12786Buffer :0mMap Search Area:Use zoom in and zoomout pans to select thesearch area. For moreinformation pleaseMore: MapDue Diligence Code ofPracticeBack Search Start AgainNSW Government | jobs.nswAccessibility | Privacy | Disclaimer | Copyrighthttp://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/AWSSAPP/SimpleSearch.aspx29/02/2012