© Biospeologica Bibliographia - Publications 2010-2

© Biospeologica Bibliographia
Publications 2010-1
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crustaceans that have been discovered only 30 years ago in anchialine
cave systems, may be the closest living relatives of hexapods. Support for
this hypothesis comes from similar brain architecture, presence of an
insect-type respiratory haemocyanin in remipedes and phylogenomic
studies. Thus hexapods may have evolved from a Remipedia-like marine
crustacean. These data evokes doubt on the generally described
hypotheses in textbooks that might present an outdated picture of
arthropod phylogeny. Key Concepts: Hexapods are the most successful
animal group, but their relationship to other arthropods and evolutionary
origins are matter of debate for more than a century. Molecular
phylogenetic studies have demonstrated that crustaceans are the closest
living relatives of hexapods. Crustaceans are most likely paraphyletic in
terms of hexapods, thus one crustacean taxon is more closely related to
the hexapods than the other crustaceans. Brain morphology, haemocyanin
structure and evolution, and phylogenomic studies suggest that the
crustacean class Remipedia are the closest living relatives of hexapods.
Remipedia live in anchialine caves, which connect the inland ground
water body with the salt water from the ocean. Remipedia harbour a
mixture of ancestral and derived morphological characters. First
hexapods may have evolved from marine Remipedia. Remipedia thus
occupy a key position for understanding hexapod evolution. KW:
Crustacea, hexapoda, insecta, pancrustacea, remipedia.
VON RINTELEN (K.), PAGE (T. J.), CAI (Y.), ROE (K.),
KUHAJDA (B. R.), ILIFFE (T. M.), HUGHES (J. M.)
& VON RINTELEN (T.), 2010. Living in the dark:
phylogeny of atyid freshwater shrimps reveals multiple
cave invasions:65, poster presentation. In: 20 th
International Conference on Subterranean Biology,
Postojna, Slovenia, 29 August-3 September 2010, ICSB
2010 Abstract Book, edited by: Ajda MOŠKRIČ and Peter
TRONTELJ, ISBN 978-961-269-286-5. ABS: Freshwater
caridean shrimps (Crustacea, Decapoda) occur in all biogeographic
regions bar Antarctica, but are in general among the less well studied
groups of decapod crustaceans. This might not be surprising regarding the
fact that the majority of shrimp-like decapods are found in marine
environments. Freshwater taxa only account for approximately a quarter
of all described Caridea and are numerically dominated by the two
families Atyidae and Palaemonidae. At present, the Atyidae contain 42
extant genera. The vast majority of species are described within the genus
Caridina, which is widely distributed throughout the Indo-West Pacific.
Atyid shrimps are abundant in various freshwater habitats worldwide
including cave systems (freshwater and anchialine). There are many cavedwelling
species that are well-adapted to subterranean life, e. g. by
strongly reduced eyes and lack of pigmentation. Previous molecular
studies using Atyidae mainly from Europe and Australia already gave
interesting insights into the evolution and biogeography of cave adapted
shrimps. Data from Asia, a hotspot of atyid diversity, was lacking so far.
A molecular phylogeny including 34 of the 42 living genera, based on
mitochondrial and nuclear genes (16S, 28S, H3), revealed at least six
independent clades comprising subterranean and often landlocked taxa.
These results suggest multiple independent cave colonizations of atyid
freshwater shrimps worldwide. Parallel, the phylogeny implies new
insights into the systematics of these shrimps, e. g. on subfamily level.
http://www.icsb2010.net/
VON RINTELEN (K.), PAGE (T. J.), CAI (Y.), WOWOR
(D.), WESSEL (A.), STELBRINK (B.), ILIFFE (T. M.)
& VON RINTELEN (T.), 2010. Colonization and
subterranean speciation in atyid freshwater shrimps from
Maros karst, Sulawesi:64, poster presentation. In: 20 th
International Conference on Subterranean Biology,
Postojna, Slovenia, 29 August-3 September 2010, ICSB
2010 Abstract Book, edited by: Ajda MOŠKRIČ and Peter
TRONTELJ, ISBN 978-961-269-286-5. ABS: The evolution of
troglobionts has fascinated scientists since Darwin's time. A high number
of cave-dwelling animals are well studied today, among these several
freshwater organisms, e. g. fishes or crustaceans. The freshwater shrimp
family Atyidae (Crustacea, Decapoda, Caridea) also has several
subterranean representatives worldwide. Whereas the troglobiotic atyids
from Australia and Europe have already been comprehensively studied
with morphological and molecular methods, such data for Southeast-
Asian shrimps is still largely lacking. From the Indonesian island
Sulawesi, situated within the biogeographic hotspot area Wallacea, more
than 46 species in four genera are known, the majority from the genus
Bernard LEBRETON & Jean-Pierre BESSON
Créé le : 01.01.2010
Modifié le : 30.06.2010
Caridina. One of these genera (Marosina) and approximately fifty
percent of all species are endemic to the island. Two genera (Caridina
and Atyopsis) have epigean representatives, while the other two
(Marosina and Parisia) exclusively occur in subterranean rivers in Maros
karst, southwestern Sulawesi. The genus Marosina comprises only two
species, M. longirostris and M. brevirostris. Comprehensive collections
of Marosina and Caridina from several caves of Sulawesi in 2007 and
2009 were studied with morphological and molecular methods. A
phylogeny assessed from mtDNA revealed two independent cave
colonizations: Cave-dwellers with reduced eyes in the genus Caridina
derived from epigean ancestors from the island. In contrast, the
troglobiotic genus Marosina evolved within the caves independently and
may have been derived from a widely distributed and anchialine cave
dweller. In this genus, there are further hints of subterranean speciation
into the two species known today. http://www.icsb2010.net/
VONK (R.) & JAUME (D.), 2010. Glyptogidiella omanica
gen. et sp. nov., an inland groundwater bogidiellid from
Oman with enlarged coxal plate V (Crustacea,
Amphipoda). Zootaxa 2657(October, 26):55-65, 6 pl., 20
réf. ABS: A new genus and species of Amphipoda is reported from
inland ground waters of the Sultanate of Oman. Although Glyptogidiella
omanica gen. et sp. nov. exhibits several features typical of the
Bogidiellidae (i. e. combined display of distinct carpal lobe on first
gnathopod, reduced pleopodal rami, and unsegmented exopodite of third
uropod), its exceptionally large fifth coxal plate and short rami of third
uropod do not fit in the restricted diagnosis of the family as recently
presented elsewhere. In fact, the enlarged coxal plate V is a feature not
reported in any other amphipod, whereas no other bogidiellid displays an
expanded basis on pereopod VII. The habitus of Glyptogidiella is not
typical for a dweller of a true interstitial niche, with its short antennae,
large coxal plate and short and stubby rami on the third uropod. This
suggests that the interstitial medium could not be the primary habitat for
the species, and that the underground of wadis might contain interstices
of large size and could also be in contact with karstic hollows. KW:
Gammaridea, Bogidiellidae, stygofauna, subterranean waters, hyporheic,
wadi, Arabian Peninsula.
http://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/list/2010/2657.html
VREZEC (A.) & KAPLA (A.), 2010. The influence of
aboveground invasions on the diversity and distribution
patterns of subterranean carabids (Carabidae):161. In: 20 th
International Conference on Subterranean Biology,
Postojna, Slovenia, 29 August-3 September 2010, ICSB
2010 Abstract Book, edited by: Ajda MOŠKRIČ and Peter
TRONTELJ, ISBN 978-961-269-286-5. ABS: The diversity of
subterranean beetles in Slovenia appeares to be one of the highest on the
globe. The studies were so far concentrated on the aspects of gamma and
beta diversity of the group, but much less on the aspects of alpha
diversity, which reflects actual coexistence of species in the same
ecosystem. Carabids (Carabidae) form the most important terrestrial
predator guild in underground ecosystems. In the study we focused on the
diversity and spatial distribution patterns of coexisting subterranean
carabids related to biotic and abiotic parameters. From the most
Slovenian caves only one carabid species is known, but subterranean
carabid assemblages (SCA) can hold up to five coexisting species. For the
study we selected nine caves with SCA consisted from one to four
species. The diversity of SCA compared to aboveground carabid (AC)
assemblages was significantly lower, but did not change significantly
from the entrance towards deeper parts of caves. However, the SCA
diversity was significantly affected by the invasion of aboveground
species, especially by invasion of AC. The AC negatively influenced the
abundance and species richness of SCA. The abundance of AC
significantly decreased towards from the entrance distant parts of caves,
but was positively associated with higher amount of moisture and organic
matter in the substrate. On the contrary, SC were more abundant at
substrate with less moist and organic matter, which can act as areas free
of competition or even predation by AC species. Among SC eight species
were sampled in higher numbers, which were divided into three groups
according to their spatial distribution patterns within caves: (1) entrance
SC were most abundant at the entrance part of the cave (1 species), (2)
deep SC were most abundant at the most distant parts of the cave from
the entrance (2 species), and (3) intermediate SC with no specific
preference found connected to the distance from the cave entrance (5
species). Among these groups, the AC significantly negatively affected
only the abundance of entrance SC presented by Laemostenus