© Biospeologica Bibliographia - Publications 2010-2

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© Biospeologica Bibliographia Publications 2010-1 Page 70 sur 116 Ajda MOŠKRIČ and Peter TRONTELJ, ISBN 978-961- 269-286-5. ABS: The subterranean unsaturated zone of the karstic areas is a fragmented landscape. The maze of more or less connected voids harbors simple communities of mixed surface and subterranean species. The hypogean crustaceans are dominant in almost all communities of eight stations sampled monthly in a cave from northwestern Romania. Water stable isotopes and flow rates were used to understand the morphological organization of the subterranean habitats. Communitiey structure, synchrony, temporal and spatial structures and variation at different geographical levels are discussed in evolutionary and conservation terms. http://www.icsb2010.net/ MORADMAND (M.) & JÄGER (P.), 2010. On three new species of the genus Spariolenus Simon, 1880 (Sparassidae: Heteropodinae) from Iran, with comments on taxonomy and zoogeography:304. In: 18 th International Congress of Arachnology, University of Podlasie & International Society of Arachnology, Siedlce, Poland, 11- 17 July 2010, Book of Abstracts, editor: Marek ŻABKA, ISBN: 978-83-7051-575-1, 507 p. ABS: Spariolenus Simon, 1880 is one of the rarest genera of the spider family Sparassidae with just few species described so far. Currently, six nominal species of the genus are reported from Asia. Sparassids of Iran have been poorly investigated with just three recorded species. During surveys in semiarid parts of Iran (caves as well as river banks), three morphologically different specimens of the genus were encountered. Results from investigations of somatical and copulatory characters as well as analyzing CO-I sequences will be presented as well as a discussion about the species status of the new forms. The cave-dwelling species, Spariolenus sp. 1, are impressive giant spiders and have leg spans up to 15 cm. The other two species were caught from crevices in rocks near river banks. In this study, the subfamily Heteropodinae is recorded for the first time from Iran. Representatives of Heteropodinae are common inhabitants of subtropical and tropical forests of Africa (Barylestis), Asia (Barylestis, Bhutaniella, Heteropoda, Martensopoda, Pandercetes, Pseudopoda, Sinopoda, Spariolenus) and Australia (Heteropoda, Pandercetes, Yiinthi). Occurring of the members of Heteropodinae in the current arid and semiarid areas suggests that the region used to be humid in former times. After vanishing of the ancient tropical forest in the territory of the today's Iran, the relict populations retreated into places like caves as remaining suitable (=humid) habitats. Taxonomy and zoogeography of the current species in relation to other species of the genus are discussed. MORANO HERNÁNDEZ (E.) & SÁNCHEZ CORRAL (D.), 2010. Contribución al conocimiento de los Araneidae Latreille, 1806 y Tetragnathidae Menge, 1866 (Arachnida, Araneae) del Parque Natural de las Sierras de Cazorla, Segura y Las Villas (Jaén, España). Boletín de la Sociedad Entomológica Aragonesa 46:245-254. RES: Se hace un inventario de arácnidos de dicho Parque, citando algunas especies capturadas en cuevas. MORI (N.), MEISCH (C.) & BRANCELJ (A.), 2010. Biodiversity of ostracods (Ostracoda, Crustacea) in groundwater habitats of Slovenia:138, poster presentation. In: 20 th International Conference on Subterranean Biology, Postojna, Slovenia, 29 August-3 September 2010, ICSB 2010 Abstract Book, edited by: Ajda MOŠKRIČ and Peter TRONTELJ, ISBN 978-961-269-286-5. ABS: The extensive sampling campaigns in the past few years in Slovenia provided new information about distributional patterns of many groundwater ostracod species. Many species known until now only from a single site or the type locality showed wider geographical distributions. The biodiversity and species composition of ostracods from different groundwater habitats and different geographical regions is compared and the updated checklist of recent Ostracoda is presented. http://www.icsb2010.net/ MORVAN (C.), KONECNY (L.), MALARD (F.) & DOUADY (C. J.), 2010. Is stygobiont diversification a consequence of extrinsic factors?:170. In: 20 th International Conference on Subterranean Biology, Postojna, Slovenia, 29 August-3 September 2010, ICSB 2010 Abstract Book, edited by: Ajda MOŠKRIČ and Peter Bernard LEBRETON & Jean-Pierre BESSON Créé le : 01.01.2010 Modifié le : 30.06.2010 TRONTELJ, ISBN 978-961-269-286-5. ABS: The striking features of groundwater biodiversity resulted in intensive debates about the origin and distribution of species. The prevalence of relicts naturally led to the idea that the great age and stability of many subterranean habitats protected species from the vicissitudes of climate through geological time whereas their epigean ancestors went extinct due to extreme climatic change. This paradigm undoubtedly influenced one of the most widely accepted models known as the "Glacial Relict" model (or Climatic Relict Hypothesis; CRH) and its derivatives (the regression model, the biphasic model of evolution, the two-step model and the threestep model). In all these conceptual models, specific events such as cold Pleistocene climate, marine regression, stream capture, and spring failure resulted in the ablation of surface populations, thereby unequivocally interrupting gene flow between epigean and hypogean populations. In these models, speciation is allopatric and diversification in groundwater is driven by extrinsic factors. In the seventies, the discovery of stygobionts in tropical regions where closely related species were still extant led to the proposal of an alternative model: the adaptive shift hypothesis (ASH). This model postulates that epigean and hypogean populations parapatrically diverge because of different selective pressures in surface and subterranean habitats. The ASH differs fundamentally from the CRH in that diversification in groundwater is a mostly continuous process depending on intrinsic factors linked to ecological adaptation in groundwater. Paleontology is the main method to evaluate diversification and its variation over geological times. However, fossil records of stygobionts are extremely scarce and morphological convergence is believed to be rampant. In this context, methods based on molecular data are promising alternatives for detecting temporal shifts in diversification rates, thereby enabling to tease apart the contribution of the CRH and ASH models. Using two of the most diverse genera of stygobiont, the isopods Proasellus and the amphipods Niphargus, we tested whether the speciation rate of stygobiotic taxa changed over time and if so, when and how did the changes occur. This work was developed within the framework of the DEEP and Biofresh research programs. http://www.icsb2010.net/ MORVAN (J.), 2010. Fièvres hémorragiques virales. 04/02/2010, 71 diapositives. MOŠKRIČ (A.), TRONTELJ (P.) & FIŠER (C.), 2010. A bioinformatic quest for phylogenetic resolution: adding new genes to the Niphargus supermatrix:171. In: 20 th International Conference on Subterranean Biology, Postojna, Slovenia, 29 August-3 September 2010, ICSB 2010 Abstract Book, edited by: Ajda MOŠKRIČ and Peter TRONTELJ, ISBN 978-961-269-286-5. ABS: The subject of our study is the genus Niphargus Schiodte (Amphipoda: Niphargidae) which is the largest genus of freshwater amphipods. It also represents one of the most diversified and well-studied group of aquatic troglobionts. Recent phylogenetic studies based on molecular (one nuclear and one mitochondrial locus) and morphological data of approximately one-third of all nominal Niphargus taxa revealed a number of smaller and geographically defined clades although relationships between them remain unsolved. In order to obtain the much needed, robust framework for the study of more fundamental problems of evolution, adaptation and adaptive radiation of this group we searched for novel, more informative and robust molecular markers. We used a bioinformatic approach combined with conventional PCR techniques. Our first step was a review of published alternative nuclear protein-coding regions that resolved other difficult phylogenies where standard universal markers had failed. We selected thirty-two potential nuclear regions and tried to amplify them using primers reported elsewhere. With genomic DNA as a template we successfully amplified four nuclear regions (glutamyl- and prolyl- tRNA synthetase, elongation factor 1- α, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase and glucose phosphate isomerase). We also constructed several primers by scanning sequence databases and using bioinformatic tools and amplified two additional nuclear regions (glyceraldehyde- 3-phosphate dehydrogenase and arginine kinase). Using DNA sequence data of these markers, a phylogeny of a subset of Niphargus species was constructed. Together with two mitochondrial genes, COI and ATP synthetase subunit β, our supermatrix currently contains approximately 5000 base pairs. With the growing number of included gene sequences, both overall phylogenetic resolution and individual node support are increasing. The results of this preliminary study already show the potential of resolving power of nuclear protein-coding genes. http://www.icsb2010.net/
© Biospeologica Bibliographia Publications 2010-1 Page 71 sur 116 MOURET (C.), VACQUIÉ (J.-F.), COLLIGNON (B.), ROLIN (J.) & STEINER (H.), 2010. La rivière souterraine géante de Tham Xé Bang Fai et le réseau karstique associé, Aire nationale protégée* de Hin Namno, Khammouane, Laos central. Spelunca 119(Septembre, 3 e trimestre):35-45, * = Espace national pour la Conservation de la biodiversité ou NBCA (National Biodiversity Conservation Area). MUGUE (N. S.), 2010. Caucasus and vicinity: comparative phylogeography of Ponto-Caspian and subterranean crustaceans:62-63. In: 20 th International Conference on Subterranean Biology, Postojna, Slovenia, 29 August-3 September 2010, ICSB 2010 Abstract Book, edited by: Ajda MOŠKRIČ and Peter TRONTELJ, ISBN 978-961- 269-286-5. ABS: We will present our data on molecular phylogenetics of large Ponto-Caspian groups of crustaceans (pontogammarids, corophiids and mysids), and subterranean genera Niphargus and Troglocaris from caves and springs of the Caucasus. High ecological plasticity of the modern Ponto-Caspian taxa, its extraordinary success in dispersion in the European fresh waters and in colonization of new environments may give a clue for understanding of peculiar and enigmatic distribution of European subterranean crustaceans. A freshwater lake on the Caucasus coast of the Black Sea (lake Abrau) and several lakes along the Turkish coast of the Marmara Sea contain relic ponto-caspian fauna and provide examples of successful invasion of both potamophilous and limnetic taxa in the water bodies elevated above the sea level. The hypothesis of paleo-Pontocaspian origin of some subterranean genera has testable conclusion: the genetic diversity of (mostly unexplored) niphargid fauna from the Caucasus and the Turkish coast of the Black Sea should be higher than in the rest of the area of the genus distribution. http://www.icsb2010.net/ MULEC (J.) & KUBEŠOVÁ (S.), 2010. Diversity of bryophytes in show caves in Slovenia and relation to light intensities. Acta Carsologica 39(3):587-596. ABS: In subterranean environments phototrophic organisms can grow only in the proximity of light sources. In a study from eight Slovenian show caves: Črna jama, Kostanjeviška jama, Krška jama, Pekel pri Zalogu, Pivka jama, Postojnska jama, Škocjanske jame, Županova jama and two mines, Idrija mercury mine and Mežica lead and zinc mine, equipped for tourist visits, 37 taxa of Bryophyta and Pteridophyta were identified. The most frequent organisms were mosses Amblystegium serpens, Brachythecium sp., Eucladium verticillatum and Fissidens taxifolius. The highest diversity of bryophytes was recorded in Mežica mine with 16 identified taxa where lamps are on continuously. Bryophytes were collected at wide range of photosynthetic photon flux densities (PPFD) from 0.2 to 530.0 µmol photons/m 2 /s. Eucladium verticillatum had the highest span of PPFDs, ranging from 1.4 to 530.0 µmol photons/m 2 /s. Bryophytes compensate for low PPFD with longer exposure to light irradiance. Cratoneuron filicinum identified in Mežica mine developed sporophytes at 2.1 and 2.4 µmol photons/m 2 /s, in Postojnska jama Brachythecium salebrosum developed sporophytes at 4.7 µmol photons/m 2 /s. Recolonization of lampenflora in show caves where bleach is applied to prevent its growth is still successful at sites that are exposed to long periods of irradiance and high PPFD. http://carsologica.zrcsazu.si/?stran=issue&volume=39&issue=3 MULEC (J.) & WALOCHNIK (J.), 2010. Airborne microorganisms and relation to atmospheric parameters in big cave systems (Postojnska jama, Slovenia):102-103. In: 20 th International Conference on Subterranean Biology, Postojna, Slovenia, 29 August-3 September 2010, ICSB 2010 Abstract Book, edited by: Ajda MOŠKRIČ and Peter TRONTELJ, ISBN 978-961-269-286-5. ABS: Air represents an important habitat and intermediate stage in propagation of microorganisms. Airborne microbes and influences of atmospheric parameters to their distribution, seasonal variability and counts were studied in the Postojnska jama cave system. The study included measurement of temperature, relative humidity, CO2, air pressure, total dust concentration, DNA concentration, and cultivation of airborne microbes on group specific media (bacteria, fungi, algae, amoebae) and subsequent identification of free-living amoebae (FLA). In the cave atmosphere, the highest variations of atmospheric parameters were Bernard LEBRETON & Jean-Pierre BESSON Créé le : 01.01.2010 Modifié le : 30.06.2010 attributed to CO2 and dust concentrations, 3-times or 2-times higher in the summer period. Similarly, using a depositional sampling method, higher DNA concentrations were detected in summer compared to winter e. g. 68 ng DNA/cm 2 and 42 ng DNA/cm 2 , respectively. Airborne microorganisms were sampled using an Air Sampler Mas-100 (Merck). Inside the cave system bacterial viable counts were more stable throughout the year (34-41 cfu/m 3 ) compared to airborne fungi (40-195 cfu/m 3 ). Air flow from cave exteriority brings inside the cave viable algal propagules, as expected the highest number was detected in the cave entrance (1-4 cfu/m 3 ). R squared statistics was applied to explain the proportion of variability in microbial count vs. atmospheric parameters. Each atmospheric parameter individually did not contribute significantly (max
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