© Biospeologica Bibliographia - Publications 2010-2

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© Biospeologica Bibliographia Publications 2010-1 Page 84 sur 116 Australia, 2002-2007. Edited by GEORGE (A. S.), McKENZIE (N. L.) & DOUGHTY (P.), Records of the Western Australian Museum, Supplement 78. http://www.museum.wa.gov.au/research/recordssupplements/#supplement-78 PIPAN (T.), CULVER (D. C.) & SIMON (K. S.), 2010. Organic carbon in aquatic shallow subterranean habitats:30-31. In: 20 th International Conference on Subterranean Biology, Postojna, Slovenia, 29 August-3 September 2010, ICSB 2010 Abstract Book, edited by: Ajda MOŠKRIČ and Peter TRONTELJ, ISBN 978-961- 269-286-5. ABS: Organic carbon is likely to be an important limiting factor in shallow subterranean habitats (SSHs). Data on dissolved organic carbon (DOC) for interstitial, epikarst, and hypotelminorheic habitats are reviewed. The best studied of these is the epikarst. In Organ Cave, West Virginia (U. S. A.), DOC in epikarst drips averaged 1.10 + 0.15 mg C/L over the course of the year. In Postojna Planina Cave System, Slovenia, DOC in epikarst drips averaged 0.70 + 0.04 mg C/L over the course of the year. While this is at least five times lower in concentration than water entering the caves through sinking streams, it plays a vital role because it is more ubiquitous in the caves and forms the basis for the biofilm. Specific UV absorbance (SUVA) at 254 nm, an estimate of aromatic C content and an indicator of dissolved organic matter composition, was significantly lower in drips than in sinking streams and cave streams. In studies of the Rhône and its tributaries, Marmonier et al. report DOC values averaging between 1.9 and 3.5 mg C/L. Lower values were reported for smaller streams, increased depth, and increased lateral distance from the river. For the first time, we report on values for hypotelminorheic habitats, which average 3 mg C/L. http://www.icsb2010.net/ PIPAN (T.), HOLT (N.) & CULVER (D. C.), 2010. How to protect a diverse, poorly known, inaccessible fauna: identification and protection of source and sink habitats in the epikarst. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 20(7, November/December):748- 755. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aqc.1148. ABS: 1. Aquatic subterranean species are often geographically and numerically scarce. Many of these species are denizens of epikarst, the uppermost zone of karst with semi-isolated solutional openings and channels, and are only known from drip pools in caves where they accumulate as a result of animals dripping out of the epikarst. 2. The question of whether these pool communities adequately reflected the epikarst community was addressed by directly collecting animals from drips in a continuous collecting device. 3. The study area was six caves in Slovenia, where a total of 35 drips and associated pools were sampled for copepods for a period of approximately one year. A total of 37 copepod species were found, 25 of them stygobionts and 16 epikarst specialists. 4. Overall, the frequency of stygobionts was 1.5 times higher in drips compared with pools and the frequency of epikarst specialists was three times higher in drips compared with pools, and the frequency of immature individuals was higher in drips compared with pools, with the exception of one artificially enlarged pool in Škocjanske jame. The cause of this difference is probably increased juvenile mortality in pools and reduced reproduction, indicating that pools are not source populations. 5. The results of this research suggest that epikarst per se, not just the sampling sites (including pools) in caves, needs to be the focus of conservation planning. KW: Cave fauna, Copepoda, epikarst, rare species, stygobionts. PLATH (M.), HERMANN (B.), SCHRÖDER (C.), RIESCH (R.), TOBLER (M.), GARCÍA DE LEÓN (F. J.), SCHLUPP (I.) & TIEDEMANN (R.), 2010. Locally adapted fish populations maintain small-scale genetic differentiation despite perturbation by a catastrophic flood event. BMC Evolutionary Biology 10:256. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-10-256. ABS: Background: Local adaptation to divergent environmental conditions can promote population genetic differentiation even in the absence of geographic barriers and hence, lead to speciation. Perturbations by catastrophic events, however, can distort such parapatric ecological speciation processes. Here, we asked whether an exceptionally strong flood led to homogenization of gene pools among locally adapted populations of the Atlantic molly (Poecilia mexicana, Poeciliidae) in the Cueva del Azufre system in southern Mexico, where two strong Bernard LEBRETON & Jean-Pierre BESSON Créé le : 01.01.2010 Modifié le : 30.06.2010 environmental selection factors (darkness within caves and/or presence of toxic H2S in sulfidic springs) drive the diversification of P. mexicana. Nine nuclear microsatellites as well as heritable female life history traits (both as a proxy for quantitative genetics and for trait divergence) were used as markers to compare genetic differentiation, genetic diversity, and especially population mixing (immigration and emigration) before and after the flood. Results: Habitat type (i. e., non-sulfidic surface, sulfidic surface, or sulfidic cave), but not geographic distance was the major predictor of genetic differentiation. Before and after the flood, each habitat type harbored a genetically distinct population. Only a weak signal of individual dislocation among ecologically divergent habitat types was uncovered (with the exception of slightly increased dislocation from the Cueva del Azufre into the sulfidic creek, El Azufre). By contrast, several lines of evidence are indicative of increased floodinduced dislocation within the same habitat type, e. g., between different cave chambers of the Cueva del Azufre. Conclusions: The virtual absence of individual dislocation among ecologically different habitat types indicates strong natural selection against migrants. Thus, our current study exemplifies that ecological speciation in this and other systems, in which extreme environmental factors drive speciation, may be little affected by temporary perturbations, as adaptations to physico-chemical stressors may directly affect the survival probability in divergent habitat types. PLATH (M.) & TOBLER (M.), 2010. Chapter 8. Subterranean Fishes of Mexico (Poecilia mexicana, Poeciliidae):281-330. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/EBK1578086702-c8. In: TRAJANO (E.), BICHUETTE (M. E.) & KAPOOR (B. G.), Biology of Subterranean Fishes. Edited by TRAJANO (E.), BICHUETTE (M. E.) & KAPOOR (B. G.). ISBN: 978-1-57808-670-2. eBook ISBN: 978-1-4398-4048-1. Science Publishers 2010. 460 p. POHL (G. R.), ANWEILER (G. G.), SCHMIDT (B. C.) & KONDLA (N. G.), 2010. An annotated list of the Lepidoptera of Alberta, Canada. ZooKeys 38(March 5):1- 549. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.38.383. POLAK (S.) & TRONTELJ (P.), 2010. Suprageneric systematics of leptodirine beetles (Leiodidae, Cholevinae): molecular versus morphological characters:158-159. In: 20 th International Conference on Subterranean Biology, Postojna, Slovenia, 29 August-3 September 2010, ICSB 2010 Abstract Book, edited by: Ajda MOŠKRIČ and Peter TRONTELJ, ISBN 978-961-269-286-5. ABS: Past attempts to understand the evolution and establish a phylogenetic system of the Leptodirini (Leiodidae, Cholevinae) were based on morphological characters. None of these attempts could satisfactorily explain the resulting morphological and biogeographical patterns. Most authors concluded that modern molecular approaches are the only possible and legible way to solve the enigmatic Leptodirine phylogeny in the future. In the last years, we conducted a molecular phylogenetic study of 54 different genera of Leptodirini. We sequenced about 3.3 kbp from two mitochondrial (COI and 16S) and three nuclear gene segments (two pieces of 28S rDNA, Histone H3), and analyzed them using standard phylogenetic procedures. External and internal morphological characters used so far in the higher suprageneric classifications of leptodirines were cladisticly analyzed in combination with molecular data. Phylogenetic trees from different loci recovered a monophyletic origin of the studied leptodirines. Our results and those recently obtained by other authors suggest that most subterranean Leptodirini are geographically grouped. The most important and consistent result of the molecular phylogenetic reconstruction was the resolution of major lineages differing significantly from those recognized at present based on morphological characters only. The traditional suprageneric subdivision of leptodirines into Antroherponini (Antroherpona) and Bathysciini (Bathysciae) as well as subtribes Anthroherponina, Spelaeobatina, Bathysciina, Bathysciotina, Leptodirina and Pholeuonina are polyphyletic groups and have to be redefined or rejected. Since not all of the genera or genera-groups were molecularly tested, a more precise new systematics of the Leptodirini is not yet possible. http://www.icsb2010.net/ POOLE (G. C.), 2010. Stream hydrogeomorphology as a physical science basis for advances in stream ecology.
© Biospeologica Bibliographia Publications 2010-1 Page 85 sur 116 Journal of the North American Benthological Society 29(1):12-25. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1899/08-070.1. POPA (I.), 2010. First records and rare species of Collembola in the Roumanian Fauna - The Piatra Craiului Massif (The Carpathians). Travaux de l'Institut de Spéologie "Émile Racovitza" 49:87-96. ABS: The author presents new data about the collembolan species collected from the Piatra Craiului Massif. Sixty-five species were identified from the material sampled from soil and mesovoid shallow substratum (M. S. S.) Three species (Arrhopalites ornatus Stach, 1945, Microgastrura duodecimoculata Stach, 1922 and Xenylla mucronata Axelson, 1903) are for the first time recorded in the Romanian fauna. KW: Mesovoid Shallow Substratum, Collembola, Piatra Craiului Massif, Romania, first records. http://speotravaux.iser.ro/10.html POPA (I.), 2010. First record of Orchesella pannonica Stach, 1960 (Hexapoda, Collembola) in Romania. Travaux de l'Institut de Spéologie "Émile Racovitza" 49:185-187. BL: Cf p. 185: Collembolans represent a major component of terrestrial ecosystems (and particularly significant members of the soil communities)... They may be found in moss, under stones, in caves, in ant nests and termite nests but also on the surfaces of lakes and ponds or under snow fields. http://speotravaux.iser.ro/10.html PORCA (E.), JURADO (V.), NOVÁKOVÁ (A.) & SÁIZ- JIMÉNEZ (C.), 2010. Origin and development of a fungal outbreak in Castañar de Ibor Cave, Spain:106-107, poster presentation. In: 20 th International Conference on Subterranean Biology, Postojna, Slovenia, 29 August-3 September 2010, ICSB 2010 Abstract Book, edited by: Ajda MOŠKRIČ and Peter TRONTELJ, ISBN 978-961- 269-286-5. ABS: Caves are extremely prone to deterioration from human-induced energy perturbations. It has been demonstrated that uncontrolled or mass visits is one of the factors most detrimental in the conservation of cave art. The mere presence of a group of visitors for some minutes before a panel of rock paintings can cause temperature and humidity in the cave to vary more than during the whole annual cycle under natural conditions. These disturbances, together with those derived from organic matter generated by the visitors, plus that coming in from outside, lead to a progressive alteration of the microenvironment and of the cave ecology. A little-studied aspect is the impact of organic matter on the ecosystem of a cave. Recently we have had the opportunity to study the effects of an accidental release of organic matter in the Cave of Castanar de Ibor, the activation of the microorganisms present, and the production of a fungal outbreak, similar to that originated nine years ago in the Lascaux Cave, and to suggest the means of tackling and controlling this invasion. The closure of the cave, together with environment-friendly measures, including the use of products that (unlike commercial biocides) did not leave residues in the cave, has minimized the fungal outbreak. The studies made in the cave throughout one year of closure, and the struggle against the fungal colonization, are described. http://www.icsb2010.net/ PORTER (M. L.) & CULVER (D. C.), 2010. Tethyan distribution of stygobionts: fact or fiction:47. In: 20 th International Conference on Subterranean Biology, Postojna, Slovenia, 29 August-3 September 2010, ICSB 2010 Abstract Book, edited by: Ajda MOŠKRIČ and Peter TRONTELJ, ISBN 978-961-269-286-5. ABS: The Tethyan Seaway was a circumtropical sea that closed with the closing of the Mediterran about 15 million years ago and is commonly invoked as an explanation for the distribution of stygobionts. In order to test this hypothesis, we examined the distribution of 72 stygobiotic genera of Crustacea, exclusive of Isopoda and Amphipoda. Using PaleomapTM for ArcGISTM, we plotted distributions by tectonic plate. We divided the resulting distributions into three categories: (1) Single region distributions which are consistent with but not necessarily evidence for a role for the Tethyan Seaway; (2) Tethyan Seaway distributions, consisting of a least two regions; and (3) distributions not consistent with the Tethyan Seaway. A total of 29 genera were in the first category and 41 were in the third. Surprisingly, only three genera were in the second category. Of the 29 distributions from a single Tethyan region, 9 were Mediterranean, 16 were Caribbean, three were Australian, and one was Indian. There were a variety of 41 non-Tethyan distributions, including Pacific Islands. There may be several explanations for the apparent lack of importance of the Tethyan Seaway. It may have closed before many species colonized Bernard LEBRETON & Jean-Pierre BESSON Créé le : 01.01.2010 Modifié le : 30.06.2010 subterranean habitats, or dispersal may be important. Our study suggests that a new paradigm for the historical biogeography of subterranean organisms is in order. http://www.icsb2010.net/ PORTER (M. L.), CULVER (D. C.) & PIPAN (T.), 2010. Molecular diversity of epikarst copepods from John Friends Cave, Maryland, USA:31, poster presentation. In: 20 th International Conference on Subterranean Biology, Postojna, Slovenia, 29 August-3 September 2010, ICSB 2010 Abstract Book, edited by: Ajda MOŠKRIČ and Peter TRONTELJ, ISBN 978-961-269-286-5. ABS: Epikarst habitats are ecologically important reservoirs of stygobiotic fauna. While a number of studies have investigated the biodiversity of these habitats, few have employed molecular tools. In this study, we investigated the molecular diversity of epikarst copepods from John Friends Cave, Maryland USA. Previous studies of epikarst copepod biodiversity from this cave identified eight species. Copepods from dripwaters in 6 different locations throughout the cave were collected in September 2008 and preserved in 100% ethanol. In order to investigate the molecular diversity found in the epikarst habitat of this cave, individual copepods were used to PCR amplify a ~650bp region of the mitochondrial gene cytochrome oxidase I (COI). Sequences were obtained from 37 individuals, representing five different drips within the cave. Based on sequence similarity, the individuals analyzed represent three different species. In all cases, sequences from a single species were >98% similar, while sequence similarities among the three species ranged from 66-78%. Based on sequences available in public databases (e. g. GenBank), two of the species are most closely related to harpacticoids from the family Cletopsyllidae (86%), while the third species is represented by a single sequence that is most closely related to cyclopoids from the family Cyclopidae (88%). Among the harpacticoids sampled so far, one of the species was found in 4 of the 5 drips and the second in 2 of 5 drips. The ability to use molecular tools to identify the copepod diversity within a drip offers the potential for long term monitoring of epikarst fauna and the tools for investigating the connectivity of the epikarst habitat. http://www.icsb2010.net/ PORTILLO (M. C.) & GONZALEZ (J. M.), 2010. Moonmilk Deposits Originate from Specific Bacterial Communities in Altamira Cave (Spain). Microbial Ecology Online First, 17 August 2010. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00248-010-9731-5. ABS: The influence of bacterial communities on the formation of carbonate deposits such as moonmilk was investigated in Altamira Cave (Spain). The study focuses on the relationship between the bacterial communities at moonmilk deposits and those forming white colonizations, which develop sporadically throughout the cave. Using molecular fingerprinting of the metabolically active bacterial communities detected through RNA analyses, the development of white colonizations and moonmilk deposits showed similar bacterial profiles. White colonizations were able to raise the pH as a result of their metabolism (reaching in situ pH values above 8.5), which was proportional to the nutrient supply. Bacterial activity was analyzed by nanorespirometry showing higher metabolic activity from bacterial colonizations than uncolonized areas. Once carbonate deposits were formed, bacterial activity decreased drastically (down to 5.7% of the white colonization activity). This study reports on a specific type of bacterial community leading to moonmilk deposit formation in a cave environment as a result of bacterial metabolism. The consequence of this process is a macroscopic phenomenon of visible carbonate depositions and accumulation in cave environments. POSTAWA (T.), FURMAN (A.) OZTUNC (T.) & ÇORAMAN (E.), 2010. Patterns of ectoparasite abundance infecting distinct populations of Miniopterus species in their contact zone in Asia Minor:251. In: 15 th International Bat Research Conference, Prague, 22-27 August 2010, the conference manual: Programme, abstracts, list of participants, edited by: Ivan HORÁČEK and Petr BENDA, ISBN 978-80-87154-46-5, 380 p. ABS: Closely related hosts species are similarly susceptible to infestations of parasites. However, even small differences in morphology or in feeding behavior may also result in differences in parasites infestation. M. schreibersii in Asia Minor forms a cryptic species complex: Miniopterus pallidus and M. schreibersii. We analysed abundance of 2 species of nycteribiid flies (Diptera, Nycteribiidae) and one wing mite
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