© Biospeologica Bibliographia - Publications 2010-2

© Biospeologica Bibliographia
Publications 2010-1
Page 2 sur 116
stygobiont oligochaete Troglodrilus galarzai:72. In: 20 th
International Conference on Subterranean Biology,
Postojna, Slovenia, 29 August-3 September 2010, ICSB
2010 Abstract Book, edited by: Ajda MOŠKRIČ and Peter
TRONTELJ, ISBN 978-961-269-286-5. ABS: Troglodrilus
galarzai (Giani & Rodriguez, 1988) is a stygobiont oligochaete species
(Tubificinae, Clitellata, Annelida) in a monospecific genus. Its
geographical distribution appears restricted to the south western Europe,
and the populations known up to date occupy two well separated regions,
namely northern Iberian Peninsula (Ereñozar and Gorbeia karstic units)
and south eastern France (gallery of Montgelas and Crotot cave). A
previous morphological study revealed some morphological differences
between Iberian and French populations but concluded that they were not
substantial to separate two species. More recently, we conducted a
molecular analysis of two populations of the species (Gorbeia and
Montgelas) using 16S rDNA and COI gene sequences and we have
combined these results with a new detailed morphological analysis of all
known populations. The obtained genetic distances between Gorbeia and
Montgelas populations were 17.8-18.1% for COI sequences and 9.2-10%
for 16S sequences, which together with mutual exclusivity of the
haplotypes, supported the hypothesis of the presence of two cryptic
species in T. galarzai. The new morphological study is mainly based on
the reproductive system and grouped together Ereñozar + Gorbeia
populations and Montgelas + Crotot populations. We found no overlap
between Iberian and French populations for some measurements related
with the penial sac and the spermathecal bulb, as well as key differences
on the shape of the penial sheath between French and Spanish
populations. Considering both the molecular results and the differences
on the morphological characters between Iberian and French populations,
we suggest the presence of two species in T. galarzai.
http://www.icsb2010.net/
ÁDÁM (L.), 2010. Remarks on some European Aleocharinae,
with description of a new Rhopaletes species from Croatia
(Coleoptera: Staphylinidae). Travaux du Muséum national
d'Histoire naturelle "Grigore Antipa" 53(Décembre):191-
215. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10191-010-0015-6.
ADAMS (D. C.) & NISTRI (A.), 2010. Ontogenetic
convergence and evolution of foot morphology in
European cave salamanders (Family: Plethodontidae).
BMC Evolutionary Biology 10(July 16):216 DOI:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-10-216. ABS:
Background: A major goal in evolutionary biology is to understand the
evolution of phenotypic diversity. Both natural and sexual selection play
a large role in generating phenotypic adaptations, with biomechanical
requirements and developmental mechanisms mediating patterns of
phenotypic evolution. For many traits, the relative importance of selective
and developmental components remains understudied. Results: We
investigated ontogenetic trajectories of foot morphology in the eight
species of European plethodontid cave salamander to test the hypothesis
that adult foot morphology was adapted for climbing. Using geometric
morphometrics and other approaches, we found that developmental
patterns in five species displayed little morphological change during
growth (isometry), where the extensive interdigital webbing in adults was
best explained as the retention of the juvenile morphological state. By
contrast, three species exhibited significant allometry, with an increase in
interdigital webbing during growth. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that
multiple evolutionary transitions between isometry and allometry of foot
webbing have occurred in this lineage. Allometric parameters of foot
growth were most similar to those of a tropical species previously shown
to be adapted for climbing. Finally, interspecific variation in adult foot
morphology was significantly reduced as compared to variation among
juveniles, indicating that ontogenetic convergence had resulted in a
common adult foot morphology across species. Conclusions: The results
presented here provide evidence of a complex history of phenotypic
evolution in this clade. The common adult phenotype exhibited among
species reveals that selection plays an important part in generating
patterns of foot diversity in the group. However, developmental
trajectories arriving at this common morphology are distinct; with some
species displaying developmental stasis (isometry), while others show an
increase in foot webbing during growth. Thus, multiple developmental
solutions exist to the same evolutionary challenge. Our findings
underscore the importance of examining morphological adaptations from
multiple perspectives, and emphasize that both selective hypotheses and
Bernard LEBRETON & Jean-Pierre BESSON
Créé le : 01.01.2010
Modifié le : 30.06.2010
developmental processes must be considered for a more comprehensive
understanding of phenotypic evolution.
ADEN (E.), 2010. Eye development in the cave fish Garra
barreimiae:113, poster presentation. In: 20 th International
Conference on Subterranean Biology, Postojna, Slovenia,
29 August-3 September 2010, ICSB 2010 Abstract Book,
edited by: Ajda MOŠKRIČ and Peter TRONTELJ, ISBN
978-961-269-286-5. ABS: Eye degeneration is a general
evolutionary tendency shown in many animal groups that are adapted to
dark environments. Inside the Hoti Cave located in the Jabal Akhdar
mountains in Oman lies a subterranean lake, which is home to the blind
fish Garra barreimiae. Outside the cave, Garra barreimiae is a common
species of eyed epigean surface fish. The eyes of the blind cave fish and
of its epigean ancestor have been studied comparatively. The eye
structure of the surface fish is a typical teleost eye. Parts of the eye of the
cave fish show hypertrophy. Individuals compensate the lack of a lens in
various ways with extreme growth of different parts of the eye. For
instance, the anterior eye chamber is often filled out with a derivative of
the annular ligament, and as a result the pupil no longer transmits light.
The eye rudiment of the Garra barreimiae is not sunken in the orbit as is
the case with other cave fish species. From these examples we can
conclude that the adult cave fish population is very heterogeneous with
regard to the size and structure of the eye rudiment. To understand how
this diversity evolves, the ontogenetic eye development was investigated.
During early ontogeny the differentiation of the eye of hypogean Garra
barreimiae is similar to the epigean one. All major structures are present.
However, the lens remains in the embryonic stage, and no lens
differentiation occurs. It disappears altogether at the age of three months.
Initially there is a complete laminated retina with typical opsin expression
in the photoreceptor cells. But opsin expression remains at a low level
and ceases at the age of four months. On the other hand, other retinal
strata like the amacrine cell layer are well differentiated in juvenile cave
Garra and remain functional for longer than the photoreceptor cells. In
adult animals, on the other hand, no evidence of functional retina cells
could be detected. http://www.icsb2010.net/
AGNARSSON (I.), 2010. The utility of ITS2 in spider
phylogenetics: notes on prior work and an example from
Anelosimus. Journal of Arachnology 38(2, August):377-
382. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1636/B10-01.1.
AGUIAR (L. M. S.) & MACHADO (R. B.), 2010. Bat
conservation in Brazil: the Lonchophylla dekeyseri Action
Plan:83. In: 15 th International Bat Research Conference,
Prague, 22-27 August 2010, the conference manual:
Programme, abstracts, list of participants, edited by: Ivan
HORÁČEK and Petr BENDA, ISBN 978-80-87154-46-5,
380 p. ABS: Brazilian bats, though not much known, are already
threatened due to habitat destruction. Lonchophylla dekeyseri is an
endemic nectarivorous bat that occurs in low density in caverns and holes
in forested and more open vegetation physiognomies of the Cerrado
biome. This characteristic makes the species extremely sensitive to the
loss and degradation of its habitat. Deforestation for agricultural and
cattle expansion, coal-pit, construction of dams, mining and forest fires
represents the most critical threats. At present, the ecological tourism,
especially the speleological, can represent a significant threat. L.
dekeyseri population is estimated at circa of 2070 bats, all in the wild and
none in captivity. There are confirmed records for L. dekeyseri in 23
Brazilian localities. Like other nectarivorous bats, the reproductive
system is polygenic, with many females and few adult males. An action
plan for the conservation of L. dekeyseri was concluded, composed of 10
basic actions including from activities of immediate implementation, such
as the environmental monitoring of the species' occurrence areas, to the
implementation of mid-term activities (e. g. the creation of supplementary
protected areas), and to long term activities, such as the realization of
environmental education and the development of new studies on
population dynamics. Suggested actions also includes the recuperation of
degraded areas, control of hematofagous bats, control of cave visitation,
the environmental management of vegetation remnants, and the increase
of both the number of environmentally protected units and of new
inventories in the data gap regions. In the existing protected areas, there is
a need for research on the species' ecology, using telemetry and
population genetics, as well as the management of the already altered
environments in such areas. Environmental education activities are