© Biospeologica Bibliographia - Publications 2010-2

© Biospeologica Bibliographia
Publications 2010-1
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1977, sixty-two (62) caves and artificial tunnels, mostly in central and
northern Slovenia, have been systematically investigated for their
environmental characteristics and terrestrial faunas. Among more than
450 species found, two species groups outstand for their disagreement
with the general statement that, in accordance with their adaptation to the
hypogean environments, organisms progressively exhibit
troglomorphoses from shallow towards deep habitats. The first such
group is represented by a dozen of troglomorphic species which are rare
in caves, thus these are not their preferable habitats. The second one
consists of a few troglophilic species with a moderate troglomorphic
appearance, which found stable and relatively abundant populations also
in some places deep inside caves. Both groups are assumed to enter caves
either from stone and gravel accumulations, like the superficial
subterranean habitats (SSH) or from the epikarst. In this contribution we
present the way of detecting the two origins of such species with respect
to their distributional pattern within caves. For this purpose we used the
following three groups of data collected in the field and in the laboratory.
1) The distances from the entrance and from the surface, respectively,
indicating the general distribution pattern within the upper few tens of
meter within the subterranean domain. 2) The presence of populations
deep inside some larger caves providing evidence of the ability of a
species to live in these habitats and/or, in case of inhabiting various cave
sections, its relatively euryecious response within the range of various
hypogean habitats. 3) A moderate cold-hardiness to temperatures below -
3°C serving as a measure of estimating either a temporary contact of a
species with freezing habitats or its incomplete adaptation to deep,
meteorologically stable hypogean habitats with temperatures constantly
above 0°C. We first analyze the general types of distribution of 18
dominant species within the investigated caves addressing to the
interpretation of their preferred habitats. We comment on the presence of
troglomorphic and some other species in the caves.
http://www.icsb2010.net/
NOVAK (T.), THIRION (C.) & JANŽEKOVIČ (F.), 2010.
Hypogean ecophase of three hymenopteran species in
Central European caves. Italian Journal of Zoology 77(4,
December):469-475. DOI:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/11250000903451809. ABS: Three
hymenopteran species - the ichneumonids Amblyteles armatorius and
Diphyus quadripunctorius, and the proctotrupid Exallonyx longicornis -
are most frequently cited from all over Europe as executing their inactive
hypogean ecophase in caves. Yet, little is known about their
environmental requirements during their summer quiescence and/or
winter diapause; only limited data are known from Western and Eastern
Europe. In this investigation, the sojourn of hymenopterans in hypogean
environments is ecologically evaluated on the basis of data obtained from
63 systematically investigated caves and artificial tunnels in central and
northern Slovenia, as being representative of the Central European
countries. Nine environmental parameters measured at the resting sites of
individuals were subjected to Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The
species differ significantly from each other on ecological parameters: the
euryecious A. armatorius occupies a narrow central position with respect
to environmental requirements in caves; the montane D. quadripunctorius
exhibits the best, and the lowland E. longicornis the feeblest adaptation to
hypogean environments. In contrast to Western and Eastern Europe, in
the central countries, the three hymenopteran species prefer dormancy
habitats other than caves. These regional differences deserve more
attention in future investigations of European hypogean fauna. KW:
Dormancy, hypogean environments, Amblyteles armatorius, Diphyus
quadripunctorius, Exallonyx longicornis.
NOVAK (T.), TKAVC (T.), KUNTNER (M.), ARNETT
(A. E.), LIPOVŠEK DELAKORDA (S.), PERC (M.) &
JANŽEKOVIČ (F.), 2010. Niche partitioning in
orbweaving spiders Meta menardi and Metellina merianae
(Tetragnathidae). Acta Oecologica 36(6,
November/December):522-529. DOI:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actao.2010.07.005. ABS:
Hypogean habitats are relatively simple exhibiting low diversity, low
production and relative constancy of environmental factors, and are
therefore appropriate for studying species coexistence in situ. We
investigated the coexistence of two closely related, similarly sized orbweaving
spider species, Meta menardi and Metellina merianae, living
syntopically in a Slovenian cave. We studied the annual dynamics of both
species within a mixed population, and the impact of the ambient
temperature, relative humidity, airflow and illumination, and compared
Bernard LEBRETON & Jean-Pierre BESSON
Créé le : 01.01.2010
Modifié le : 30.06.2010
their trophic niches to legacy data on prey of both species from 55 caves
in Slovenia. We predicted a large overlap in their spatial niches and
substantial differences in their temporal and trophic niches. We found
that their spatial niches overlap greatly with few exceptions, mostly on
the dates of notable meteorological changes in the cave but that their
temporal niches differ significantly with r-strategy resembling epigean
annual dynamic in M. merianae and a steady low abundance course in M.
menardi within the cave. We also found that different predatory strategies
significantly segregate their trophic niches: M. merianae uses a typical
orb-weaving hunting strategy, while M. menardi combines web hunting
with off-web hunting. Our findings suggest that both the diverse
dynamics and trophic niches enable the coexistence of M. menardi and
M. merianae despite their similar spatial niches, and that M. menardi, in
particular, is optimally adapted to the epigean/hypogean ecotone. KW:
Coexistence, Spatial niche, Trophic niche, Nutritional ecology,
Speleobiology.
NOVÁKOVÁ (A.), 2010. Cave microscopic fungi as food
source for caves inhabiting springtails and some
microfungal records:103-104. In: 20 th International
Conference on Subterranean Biology, Postojna, Slovenia,
29 August-3 September 2010, ICSB 2010 Abstract Book,
edited by: Ajda MOŠKRIČ and Peter TRONTELJ, ISBN
978-961-269-286-5. ABS: Records of saprotrophic microfungi are
reported from a number of Czech, Slovak, Romanian and Spanish caves.
Of them, several species represent coprophilous fungi occurring on
various types of animal excreta such as bat guano and bat droppings,
marten or dormouse excrements or isopod and diplopod faeces
(Penicillium glandicola, P. vulpinum, Chrysosporium speluncarum,
Chaetomium brefeldii, and Phycomyces nitens). Additional coprophilous
species, Coemansia aciculifera, was isolated from cave sediments.
Botryosporium longibrachiatum was isolated from the frog carcass in the
Domica Cave system (Slovakia). Rarely reported microfungal species
Dimargaris bacillispora was found repeatedly in collembolan rearings on
the cave sediment from the Domica Cave system and the Punkva Caves
(Czech Republic), but also on dead isopod Mesoniscus graniger in
laboratory rearing and from C. aciculifera growth after one month
exposition of agar disc with C. aciculifera colony on the cave sediment in
the Domica Cave. Sixteen microfungal species isolated from cave
sediment of the Domica Cave (Paecillium lilacinum, Clonostachys rosea
f. rosea, Cladosporium herbarum, Mucor dimorphosporus, Absidia
glauca, Coemansia aciculifera, Talaromyces flavus, Myxotrichum
deflexum, Mortierella sp., Isaria farinosa, Doratomyces stemonitis,
Oidiodendron cerealis, Fusarium solani, Trichosporon cf. pullulans, and
T. dulcitum) were used in food preference test with four collembolans,
Folsomia candida, Heteromurus nitidus, Hypogastrura aequepilosa and
Orthonychiurus rectopapillatus. The test was carried out in 20 cm Petri
dishes covered with damp layer of Plaster of Paris. The food was offered
in form of agar discs cut from 7 days old microfungal colonies, each disc
having been put into a separate sector. Twenty individuals of each
collembolan species were then placed into the central part of Petri dish.
The presence of springtails on the food and their grazing activity were
recorded daily for a period of 10 days. At the beginning of the
experiment, some fungi (e. g. T. dulcitum, T. cf. pullulans and C.
aciculifera) were significantly preferred, while several species were
ignored completely (D. stemonitis, T. flavus, and C. rosea f. rosea by O.
rectopapillatus; T. polysporum and C. herbarum by F. candida; and
Mortierella sp. by H. nitidus). D. stemonitis, O. cerealis and I. farinosa
were preferred by some springtails only in advanced stages of the
experiment. Nevertheless, there were strong differences in food
preferences among individual collembolan species.
http://www.icsb2010.net/
NOVÁKOVÁ (A.), BRAD (T.), MOLDOVAN (O. T.) &
HILLEBRAND (A.), 2010. Microscopic fungi isolated
from several caves in Romania:104, poster presentation.
In: 20 th International Conference on Subterranean
Biology, Postojna, Slovenia, 29 August-3 September 2010,
ICSB 2010 Abstract Book, edited by: Ajda MOŠKRIČ and
Peter TRONTELJ, ISBN 978-961-269-286-5. ABS:
Saprotrophic micromycetes were investigated in several caves located in
the Bihor Mountains, the Padurea Craiului Mountains, and in the
Dobrogea region. Airborne microfungi from outdoor and cave air were
studied from the point view of colony-forming unit (CFU) numbers and
species diversity. In addition, samples of cave sediment and other
substrates such as bat guano, animal excreta, and visible microfungal