© Biospeologica Bibliographia - Publications 2010-2

© Biospeologica Bibliographia
Publications 2010-1
Page 52 sur 116
March):521-529. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-
8312.2009.01382.x. ABS: Eye degeneration is a general
evolutionary tendency shown in many animal groups that are adapted to
dark environments. Thus far, the degenerative process has only been
discussed within a few taxonomic units, in terms of both evolution and
development, and more studies are needed to deal adequately with this
area of ostracod biology. The ostracods and copepods examined in the
present study are small crustaceans that are widely diversified in the
aquatic environment, and also in interstitial environments, and their
"nauplius eyes" (primitive eye in Crustacea; typically composed of three
or four ocelli) show various degrees of degeneration. The ultrastructure
and ontogeny of their degenerated nauplius eyes are described for the first
time in the present study, using transmission electron microscopy.
According to our observations, two morphotypes for degenerative
nauplius eyes (i. e. "tapetal-less form" and "pigment reduced form") are
found in both taxa. The first description of the embryogenesis of normal
(none-degenerated) nauplius eyes of surface species is also provided.
From a comparison between the embryogenesis of normal nauplius eyes
and the postembryogenic development of the "tapetal-less form", it is
strongly suggested that the "tapetal-less form" is derived by
paedomorphic evolution. On the basis of our observations, as well as on
previous studies, we propose the hypothesis that modularity, in the form
of hierarchical interactions, exists in the nauplius eye (i. e. the tapetal
cells constitute an independent developmental module to be distinguished
from other developmental or functional modules, including both the
pigmented cells and the sensory cells). According to our hypothesis on
the nauplius eyes, we also discuss the possibility that the degenerative
process is constrained within the general developmental and functional
context. KW: Copepoda, interstitial, ontogeny, Ostracoda.
KANAGARAJ (C.), MARIMUTHU (G.) & RAJAN (K.
E.), 2010. Genetic analysis on three South Indian
sympatric hipposiderid bats (Chiroptera, Hipposideridae)
[Análisis genético de tres murciélagos hiposidéridos
(Chiroptera, Hipposideridae) simpátricos del sur de la
India]. Animal Biodiversity and Conservation 33(2):187-
194. ABS: In mitochondrial DNA, variations in the sequence of 16S
rRNA region were analyzed to infer the genetic relationship and
population history of three sympatric hipposiderid bats, Hipposideros
speoris, H. fulvus and H. ater. Based on the DNA sequence data, we
observed relatively lower haplotype and higher nucleotide diversity in H.
speoris than in the other two species. The pairwise comparisons of the
genetic divergence inferred a genetic relationship between the three
hipposiderid bats. We used haplotype sequences to construct a
phylogenetic tree. Maximum parsimony and Bayesian inference analysis
generated a tree with similar topology. H. fulvus and H. ater formed one
cluster and H. speoris formed another cluster. Analysis of the
demographic history of populations using Jajima's D test revealed past
changes in populations. Comparison of the observed distribution of
pairwise differences in the nucleotides with expected sudden expansion
model accepts for H. fulvus and H. ater but not for H. speoris
populations. KW: Chiroptera, Hipposideros, mtDNA, 16S rRNA,
Phylogeny. RES: Se analizaron las variaciones en las secuencias de la
región del ARNr 16S del ADN mitocondrial, con el fin de deducir la
relación genética y la historia de la población de tres murciélagos
hiposidéridos simpátricos: Hipposideros speoris, H. fulvus e H. ater.
Basándonos en los datos de las secuencias del ADN, observamos una
diversidad de nucleótidos mayor y una diversidad haplotípica
relativamente menor en H. speoris que en las otras dos especies. Las
comparaciones por pares de la divergencia genética dio como resultado
una relación genética entre los tres murciélagos hiposidéridos. Utilizamos
las secuencias haplotípicas para construir un árbol filogenético. Los
análisis de inferencia bayesiana y de máxima parsimonia dieron lugar a
un árbol con una topología similar. H. fulvus e H. ater formaban un
conglomerado, y H. speoris formaba otro conglomerado. El análisis de la
historia demográfica de las poblaciones, utilizando el test D de Jajima,
puso de manifiesto cambios de población sucedidos en el pasado. La
comparación de la distribución observada de las diferencias de
nucleótidos por pares con el modelo previsto de expansión súbita se
acepta para las poblaciones de H. fulvus e H. ater, pero no así para las de
H. speoris. PC: Chiroptera, Hipposideros, ADNm, ARNr 16S, Filogenia.
http://www.raco.cat/index.php/ABC/article/view/214979
KAŇUCH (P.), FORNŮSKOVÁ (A.), BARTONIČKA
(T.), BRYJA (J.) & ŘEHÁK (Z.), 2010. Do two cryptic
pipistrelle bat species differ in their autumn and winter
Bernard LEBRETON & Jean-Pierre BESSON
Créé le : 01.01.2010
Modifié le : 30.06.2010
roosting strategies within the range of sympatry? Folia
Zoologica 59(2):102-107. ABS: Large hibernating aggregations
and behaviour called late summer or autumn "invasions" when large
groups of bats enter buildings are known in pipistrelles. We investigated
differences in roosting behaviour between two cryptic species (common
pipistrelle, Pipistrellus pipistrellus, and soprano pipistrelle, Pipistrellus
pygmaeus) during autumn and winter periods. In total 463 bats were
sampled in both caves and buildings with temporary occurrence during
the period of late summer and autumn mating and presumable migrations
from late July to September (10 sites), and in all known types of
hibernacula from late November to March (34 sites). Sampling sites were
located within the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Serbia and Romania in
areas where the two species occur sympatrically throughout the summer.
Using a DNA-based identification method, all but four individuals were
identifi ed as P. pipistrellus. It means that winter roosts of P. pygmaeus
remain largely unknown in the area. Similarly, no P. pygmaeus was found
in the "invasion" assemblages. Very abundant groups of P. pipistrellus in
underground hibernacula and its exclusive occurrence in sites of
"invasions" suggest that roosting behaviour during this time may be
species-specific. KW: Pipistrellus, ecology, hibernacula, invasions, PCRidentification.
http://www.ivb.cz/folia/pdf_obsah.htm
KARAMAN (I. M.) & OZIMEC (R.), 2010. New longlegged
cave-dwelling representatives of the Balkan genus
Cyphophthalmus (Opiliones, Cyphophthalmi, Sironidae)
and the question of functional significance of troglobite
appendage elongation:119. In: 20 th International
Conference on Subterranean Biology, Postojna, Slovenia,
29 August-3 September 2010, ICSB 2010 Abstract Book,
edited by: Ajda MOŠKRIČ and Peter TRONTELJ, ISBN
978-961-269-286-5. ABS: During recent biospeleological research
of the Velebit Mountains (Croatia), performed by members of Croatian
biospeleological Society (CBSS), new taxa of the genus Cyphophthalmus
(Opiliones, Sironidae) have been found. New taxa inhabit all regions of
Velebit Mountains regularly in ca. 100 m deep cave habitat. New
Cyphophthalmus taxa are characterized by very elongated appendages
compared with some closely related troglobitic species from the same
genus and troglobitic sironids generally. There are some endogean
representatives of the same genus with elongated appendages too. This
fact opens a question about functional significance of appendage
elongation in troglobites, as a rule. Is it an adaptation or not? Specimens
of new Cyphophthalmus from North and Middle Velebit show some
morphoanatomical differences compared with specimens from South
Velebit. But molecular analyses show no differences between the two
taxa considered to be two different subspecies. Due to the fact that all
collected specimens are females and that their receptacula seminis are not
well sclerotized, we assume that the taxa are parthenogenetic.
http://www.icsb2010.net/
KARANOVIC (T.), 2010. First record of the harpacticoid
genus Nitocrellopsis (Copepoda, Ameiridae) in Australia,
with descriptions of three new species. Annales de
Limnologie - International Journal of Limnology
46(4):249-280. DOI:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/limn/2010021. ABS: Three new
freshwater ameirid species were discovered in the Western Australian
subterranean habitats and described in this paper. They all proved to
belong to the genus Nitocrellopsis Galassi, De Laurentiis & Dole-Olivier,
1999, representing the first record of this genus in Australia.
Nitocrellopsis operculata sp. nov. was collected in 2003 in the Pilbara
region, during the Pilbara Regional Survey, led by the Western Australian
Department of Environment and Conservation (DEC). It can be
distinguished from all other congeners by the reduced armature of the
antennal exopod, which is an autapomorphic feature. Also, no other
species of Nitocrellopsis has cuticular windows on prosomal or urosomal
somites, or six elements on the third exopodal segment of the second leg.
Nitocrellopsis halsei sp. nov. and N. pinderi sp. nov. are sister-species,
collected in 2007 in the neighbouring Yilgarn region, by the private
environmental consulting company Bennelongia Pty Ltd. Numerous
morphological similarities include somite ornamentation, armature
patterns of the swimming legs and the fifth leg, as well as the shape and
armature of the antennula, antenna and almost all mouth appendages,
while the main differences between the two are observed in the body size
and habitus appearance, caudal rami shape and size, presence/absence of
large lateral pores on the fourth pedigerous somite, number of spinules on