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the effort of the other department in reducing red tape, to conduct CCAs and a review of thatregulation that may have produced high burdens on business 50 .The process of regulatory simplification was re-launched in 1992, with the creation of a task forceto combat excessive regulation.In 1997 there was an important change in the aim of the regulatory reform, which principal goalshift from “deregulation” towards “better regulation”. This leads to a more emphasis on theconsultation process with the involvement of all the possible subject affected by the proposal andmore efforts made by the government in promoting self-regulation and self-enforcement. A “Betterregulation Task Force” was established”, with the main task to delegate key responsibility forregulatory simplification to the departments, since the administration reportedly believed that“administrative simplification did not depend on the enforcement of centrally set targets, but on theinitiative of departments to develop best practice” 51In 1998, under the Blair Presidency was introduced a complete Regulatory Impact Assessment thatwas based on the analysis of the cost and benefits of the regulatory options identified and thatincluded also the “zero option”.Most important in the process of regulation simplification was the Regulatory Reform Act, whichcame in force on 1 April 2001. According with the Act “a Minister of the Crown may by ordermake provision for the purpose of reforming legislation which has the effect of imposing burdensaffecting persons in the carrying on of any activity” 52 . The Regulatory Reform Act was able toaddress the lack of standardized procedures for reviewing existing legislation 53 .In 2005 Gordon Brawn launched an ambitious Better regulation Action Plan, following by the“Less is More” paper by the BRTF. The Action Plan imposed to the Departments to measure thetotal administrative burden they impose upon business.50 White Paper Building Business-Not Barriers, Cmnd 9794, 198651 OECD, From Red Tape to Smart Tape, Administrative simplification in OECD Countries, 200352 Regulatory Reform Act 2001, available on http://www.opsi.gov.uk/acts/acts2001/ukpga_20010006_en_1#pb1, visitedon 11 July 200953 Renda A., Impact Assessment in UE, the State of the Art and the Art of the State, Centre for European Policy study,Brussels 200658
In May 2007 was introduced a new system of Impact Assessments (IAs) that came in force inNovember 2007. BRE, now part of BERR(recently renamed BIS) , according to this new procedurebecame responsible for the IA process.2.2. The functioning of UK RIA ModelThe UK RIA procedure is formed essentially by two steps:1 st step: the proponent administration perform an initial regulatory impact assessment; it has tocontain the range of alternative regulatory options identified to solve the problem and the preferredregulatory option. The competent ministry decides if is the case to proceed with the drafting of theproposed new regulation. Then the RIA form is sent back to the proponent administration that haveto identify the most appropriate methodology for the type of regulation. In this choose theadministration is supported by the Better Regulation Executive and the Small Business Service, thatrepresent the interests of small and medium-sized enterprises.After that the methodology is agreed by the entities involved in this consultation phase, theproposed regulation is sent to the ministry that had to evaluate if there are the conditions for aRegulatory Impact Assessment Statement. The Regulatory Impact Assessment Statement ismandatory only if:1. The expected impact is greater than £20 million;2. The issue is of particular interest to the general public,3. The proposal may exert a biased impact on different social group2 nd step: the so-called “partial RIA” is published. After the publication is open a consultationprocess and interdepartmental dialogue.At the end of this second step, when the final RIA is drafted, the competent minister signed theform and sent it to the Parliament for the discussion and approval.59
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