36E-<strong>Commerce</strong> PEOU of the public sector, SMEs, and online customer are positively related to attitudetowards ECT Attitude towards ECT of the public sector, SMEs, and online customer are positivelyrelated to intention to use ECT Intention to use ECT the public sector, SMEs, and online customer are positively relatedto actual ECT use External variables of the public sector, SMEs, and online customer are positively relatedto PU External variables of the public sector, SMEs, and online customer are positively relatedto PEOUFinally, methodologies for the study are a) field study by questionnaire survey; b) theMultiple Regression which will be used for measuring the eight hypotheses.6. ConclusionA proposed model based on TAM theory in this paper integrates three sectors involved withSMEs in Thailand. Much of the previous research on ECT adoption has focused onindividual and separate sectors. It is difficult to assess the effects of ECT adoption from acountry’s perspective. In this chapter, it is intended to emphasise an integrated modelcomprising all these sectors and to explore the situation of ECT adoption by Thai SMEs inholistic approach. It is expected that the outcomes from the study using TECTAM will notonly produce a report card on the current situation, but also provide appropriatesuggestions to the relevant stakeholders on the policies and steps of ECT development andpromotion to be taken. It is anticipated that such measures will promote the adoption ofECT and contribute to Thailand’s economy.7. ReferencesAjzen, I. (2005). Attitudes, Personality and Behavior, 2d ed., Open University Press, ISBN-0335217044, Berkshire, EnglandAjzen, I. & Fishbein, M. (1980). Understanding Attitudes and Predicting Social Behaviour,Prentice-Hall, ISBN- 0139364358, Englewood Cliffs, NJAnderson, J. & Schwager, P. (2003). “SME Adoption of Wireless LAN Technology: Applyingthe UTAUT Model,” Proceedings of the 7 th Conference of the Southern Association forInformation Systems, Savannah, Georgia, pp.39-43 [Online] [cited 24th April 2009].Available from http://sais.aisnet.org/sais2004/Anderson%20&%20Schwager.pdfBaldanza, C. & Stankosky, M. (2000). “Knowledge Management: an EvolutionaryArchitecture toward Enterprise Engineering,” pp. 13.2-1 - 13.2-8, InternationalCouncil on System Engineering (INCOSE), May, 2000, Reston, VABenford, T. L. & Hunton, J. E. (2000). “Incorporating Information technology Considerationsinto an Expanded Model of Judgment and Decision Making in Accounting,”International Journal of Accounting Information Systems, Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 54-65, ISSN:1467-0895Bunge, M. (1979). Treatise on Basic Philosophy: Vol.4: Ontology II: A World of Systems, D. ReidelPublishing Company, ISBN: 978-90-277-0944-8, Netherland
TECTAM: An Approach to Study Technology Acceptance Model (TAM)in Gaining Knowledge on the Adoption and Use of E-<strong>Commerce</strong>/E-BusinessTechnology among Small and Medium Enterprises in Thailand 37Calabrese, F. A. (2000). “A Suggested Framework of Key Elements Defining Effective Enterprise-Wide Management Programs,” Doctoral Dissertation, George Washington University,Washington, D.C.Calabrese, F. A. (2005). “The Early Pathways: Theory to Practice a Continuum,” In Creatingthe Discipline of Knowledge Management: the Latest in University Research, MichaelStankosky (Ed.), pp. 15-50, Elsevier Inc., ISBN-13: 978-0-7506-7878-0, AmsterdamDavis, F. D. (1989). “Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use, and User Acceptance ofInformation Technology,” MIS Quarterly, Vol. 13, No. 3, September 1989, pp. 319-339, ISSN- 0276-7783Davis, F. D.; Bagozzi, R. P. & Warshaw, P. R. (1989). “User Acceptance of ComputerTechnology: A Comparison of Two Theoretical Models,” Management Science, Vol.35, No. 8, August 1989, pp. 982-1003, ISSN- 0025-1909Dishaw, M. T. & Strong, D. M. (1999). “Extending the Technology Acceptance Model withTask-Technology Fit Constructs,” Information and Management, Vol. 36, No.1, July1999, pp. 9-21, ISSN- 0378-7206ECRC (Electronic <strong>Commerce</strong> Resource Centre). (2000). “National Electronic <strong>Commerce</strong>Policy Framework,” [Online], [Cited 28 March 2006], International Workshop onElectronic <strong>Commerce</strong> Policy and Regional Cooperation, “Digital Economy forCommunities and SMEs Development” 19 – 21 June, 2002, Bangkok, Thailand,Available from: http://www.ecommerce.or.th/APEC-Workshop2002/ppt/pdf/thailand_ecframeworkEng.pdfFishbein, M. & Ajzen, I. (1975). Belief Attitude, Intension and Behaviour: An Introduction toTheory and Research, Addison-Wesley, ISBN- 0201020890, Reading, MAGoodhue, D. L. & Thompson, R. L. (1995). “Task-Technology Fit and IndividualPerformance,” MIS Quarterly, Vol. 19, No. 2, June 1995, pp. 213-236, ISSN-0276-7783Kiraz, E. & Ozdemir, D. (2006). “The Relationship between Educational Ideologies andTechnology Acceptance in Pre-Service Teachers,” Educational Technology & Society,Vol. 9, No. 2, pp. 152-165, ISSN- 1176-3647 1436-4522Klopping, I. M. & Mckinney, E. I. (2004). “Extending the Technology Acceptance Model andthe Task-Technology Fit Model to Consumer E-<strong>Commerce</strong>.” Information Technology,Learning, and Performance Journal, Vol. 22, No. 1, Spring 2004, pp.35-48, ISSN- 1535-1556 0737-8998 1Legris, P., Ingham, J. & Collerette, P. (2003). “Why Do People Use Information Technology?A Critical Review of the Technology Acceptance Model,” Information &Management, Vol. 40, No. 3, January 2003, pp. 191-204, ISSN- 0378-7206Moore, G. C. & Benbasat, I. (1991). “Development of an Instrument to Measure thePerceptions of Adopting an Information Technology Innovation,” InformationSystems Research, Vol., 2, No. 3, March 1991, pp. 192-222, ISSN- 1526-5536NECTEC (National Electronics and Computer Technology Centre), Internet InformationResearch. (2009a). Domain under .TH, [Online], [Cited 24th April 2009], Availablefrom http://internet.nectec.or.th/webstats/domainth.iir?Sec=domain_thNECTEC (National Electronics and Computer Technology Centre), Internet InformationResearch. (2009b). Internet User in Thailand, [Online], [Cited 24th April 2009],Available from http://internet.nectec.or.th/webstats/internetuser0.iir?Sec=internetuser
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