计 算 机 组 织 与 系 统 结 构

1953, In the midst of the first "police action" on the part of
the United Nations in Korea, IBM took the opportunity to
contribute to the war effort by providing a "Defense
Calculator" that was in fact their first true entry into the
computer business. The IBM "Type 701 EDPM" was built
as a result of the conviction of T.J.Watson, Jr. that IBM
had to take a step into this field and his convincing his
father that computers would not immediately destroy the
card processing business. The 700 series of
machines, including the 704, 709, and eventually
the 7090 and 7094, dominated the large mainframe
market for the next decade, d and brought IBM from
computer obscurity to first place in that same time period.
IBM 650 (1953)
北 京 大 学 计 算 机 科 学 技 术 系
北 京 大 学 微 处 理 器 研 究 开 发 中 心
北 京 大 学 计 算 机 科 学 技 术 系
北 京 大 学 微 处 理 器 研 究 开 发 中 心
Since the 1930s IBM had built a series of calculators in the
600 series that t contributed t to the versatility of the
card processing equipment that was their major product.
The early IBM computers (701 and 702) were incompatible
with the punched card processing equipment, but the IBM
Type 650 EDPM (1954), a natural extension of the
600 series, used the same card processing
peripherals thus making it upwardly compatible for
many existing IBM customers. A decimal, drum memory
machine, the 650 was the first to be mass produced though
IBM never expected to lease 1000 in the first after its
announcement. For many universities it was to be their first
computer, its attractiveness was considerably enhanced by
the availability of a 60% educational discount conditional on
the institution teaching certain computer-related t courses.
1955 年 ,IBM704 投 入 市 场 ; 在 这 台
机 器 中 首 次 使 用 了 变 址 寄 存 器 , 从
而 以 一 种 更 合 理 的 方 式 实 现 了 动 态
修 改 指 令 的 地 址 部 分 所 要 完 成 的 功
能 。
并 且 在 这 台 机 器 上 首 次 出 现 了 操 作
系 统 的 原 始 模 型 --- 控 制 程 序 。
北 京 大 学 计 算 机 科 学 技 术 系
北 京 大 学 微 处 理 器 研 究 开 发 中 心
北 京 大 学 计 算 机 科 学 技 术 系
北 京 大 学 微 处 理 器 研 究 开 发 中 心