A-dictionary-of-greek-and-roman-antiquities-william-smith

COENA. COENA.
303
adapting the one to the other. Athcnaeus (L p. 8)
who has entered fully into the subject remarks on
tbe singular simplicity of tbe Homeric banquets,
first Hand's discoveries also have added to our
knowledge of the later book*, and hia edition of the
Theodosian Code, Bonn, 1837, 4 to, ia the Utest
and the beat.
The extract or epitome of the first five book* in
the Breriariixm is very scanty ; 202 laws, or frag
ments of laws, were omitted, which the discoveries
of Clossius and Peyron reduced to 200. More re
cent discoveries by Carlo Baud! a Vesme at Turin
will add to the 6th, 8th, 9th, 10th. and 16th books.
The Novella* Constitutiones anterior to the time
of Justinian are collected in six books in the Jus
( rr%Je A aUytutinianfitvi^ Berlin, 1815, and in
Hand's more recent edition.
The commiasion of Theodosius was empowered
to arrange the constitutiones according to their
subject, and under each subject according to the
arder of time ; to separate those which con
tained din rent matter, and to omit what was not
essentia] or superfluous. The arrangement of the
Theodosian code differs in the main from that of
tbe code of Justinian, which treats of jus eccleaiastieum
m the beginning, while that of Theodosius
in the first book treats chiefly of offices ; and the
second, third, fourth, and beginning of the fifth book
treat of jus privatum. The order here observed,
as well as in the code which it professed to follow
as a model, was the order of the writers on the
praetorian edict The eighth book contains the
laws as to gifts, the penalties of celibacy, and that
relaxing to the jus lib rorum. The ninth book
begins with crimes. The laws relating to the
Christian church are contained in the sixteenth
and last book. It is obvious from the circum
stances under which the Theodosian and Justinian
codes were compiled, and from a comparison of them,
thai tbe Justinian code was greatly indebted to the
Tbeodoaian. The Theodosian code was also the basis
of the edict of Theodoric king of the Ostrogoths ;
it was epitomised, with an interpretation, in the
Visigoth Lex Romana [IIrevuhium] ; and the
Burgundian Lex Romana, commonly called Papiani
Liber Reaponsorum, was founded upon it [G. L.]
CODICILLUS. [Codbju]
CODON (««oW),a bell. [Tintinnabulum.]
COE MPTIO. [Matrimonioii.]
COENA (S*trvov)y the principal meal of the
Greeks and Romans, corresponding to our dinner,
rather than supper. As the meals are not always
dearly distinguished, it will be convenient to give
a brief account of all of them under the present
head.
1. Greek.—The materials for an account of
the Greek meals, during the classical period of
Athens and Sparta, are almost confined to in
in which kings and private men all partake of tbe
same food. It was common even for royal person
ages to prepare their own meals (//. ix. 206—218 ;
compare Gen. xxvii. 31), and Ulysses (Oti. xv.
322) declares hims. lf no mean proficient in the
culinary art—
nip t* »C np)r, Od. xvi. 2) as lApwov does the late meal ; but
&*hryort on the other hand, is used fur either (//.
ii. 381, Od. xviL 170), apparently without any
reference to time. We should be carrful, bowever,
how we argue from tbe unsettled habits of a
camp to the regular customs of ordinary life.
From numerous passages in the I liad and Odyssey
it appears to have been usual to sit during meal
times. In the palace of Tclemachus, before eating
a servant brings Minerva, who is habited as a
stranger, the x*P¥Vb or lustra! water ** in a golden
pitcher, pouring it over a silver vessel.** (Od. i.
13G.) Beef, mutton, and goat's rlcsh were tho
ordinary meats, usually eaten roasted ; yet from the
lines ( //. xxl 363)
'Aj W A*'-1 fft «V6or, .'•