Marine Rifle Squad

weapons and machine guns are positioned so that each can fire along
the entire killing zone, or their sectors of fire must overlap so that the
killing zone is covered completely. Riflemen and grenadiers are positioned
to cover any dead space left by the automatic weapons and machine guns.
The patrol leader then selects a position from which he can best initiate
the ambush. He then gives instructions as to clearing fields of fire, preparing
positions, and camouflage, and sets a time by which all preparations
are to be completed.
(4) Local Security. The security unit, normally employed in two teams,
does not usually participate in the initial attack, but protects the flanks
and rear, giving early warning of enemy approach, and covering the
patrol's withdrawal at the conclusion of the ambush.
(5) Surprise. Surprise distinguishes the ambush from other forms of
attack. It is surprise that allows the ambush patrol to seize and retain
control of the situation. If complete surprise cannot be achieved, it must
be so nearly complete that the target is not aware of the ambush until
too late for effective reaction.
(6) Coordinated Fires. All weapons, mines, and demolitions must be
positioned, and all fires, including those of available artillery and mortars,
must be coordinated to achieve:
• Isolation of the killing zone to prevent escape or reinforcement.
• Surprise delivery of a large volume of highly concentrated fires
into the killing zone.
(7) Control. Close control must be maintained during movement to,
occupation of, and withdrawal from the ambush site. This is best achieved
through rehearsals and maintenance of good communications. The patrol
members must control themselves so that the ambush is not compromised.
They must exercise patience and self-discipline by remaining
still and quiet while waiting for the target to appear. They have to forego
smoking, endure insect bites and thirst in silence; resist the desire to sleep,
ease cramped muscles, and perform normal body functions. When the
enemy appears, they must resist the temptation to open fire before the
signal is given. The patrol leader must effectively control all units of the
ambush force. Control is most critical at the time the enemy approaches
the killing zone. Control measures must provide for—
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