FCCC/CP/2015/7

FCCC/CP/2015/7
their intended unconditional mitigation actions and to use their domestic resources for
developmental purposes rather than adaptation.
66. In addition to national efforts and international support, a few adaptation
components included new forms of cooperation, such as South–South and triangular
cooperation, and Parties announced their readiness to support the adaptation efforts of other
countries through such activities.
67. Noting that climate change actions require a holistic approach, several Parties
elaborated on the synergies between adaptation and mitigation as part of their overall
low-emission, climate-resilient development strategies. Synergies are being sought at
project, sector or landscape level, in planning or institutional frameworks at the national,
regional or local level and in urban and rural settings and by prioritizing those adaptation
measures that offer significant mitigation co-benefits.
68. Given that the complex and long-term nature of climate change and its impacts
requires that adaptation be designed as a continuous and flexible process and subject to
periodic review, several Parties described how they will monitor and evaluate their intended
adaptation actions and the support provided and received.
69. Regarding the monitoring and evaluation (M&E) of adaptation action, some Parties
highlighted that they have established or will establish quantitative and qualitative
indicators for adaptation and vulnerability to measure progress. In terms of the M&E
of domestic and international support provided and received, in particular finance, a few
Parties are putting in place climate finance systems for determining, disbursing and
monitoring climate expenditure and for enhancing the visibility of adaptation measures
within the allocation of national budgets.
70. Overall, the adaptation components of the INDCs constitute a representative
overview of how Parties, building on progress made so far, intend to address
adaptation and loss and damage at the national level in the coming decades. The wide
range of initiatives to enhance adaptation that Parties communicated reflects the relevance
of adaptation to all areas of social and economic activity and the strong interest of Parties in
continuing to strengthen their efforts on adaptation together with their mitigation efforts.
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