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2. Dive Injuries 2.1.6 References 1. Francis J. Pulmonary trauma. A new look at mechanisms. SPUMS Journal Volume 27 No. 4 December 1997, 205-218. 2. Muth CM, Schank ES. Gas Embolism. NEJM, 2000;342 (7): 476-482 3. Grover I, Reed W, Newman T. The SANDHOG criteria and its validation for the diagnosis of DCS arising from bounce diving. Undersea Hyperb Med 2007; 34(3):199-210 56 Annual Diving Report – 2012-2015 Edition
2. Dive Injuries 2.2 Dive Injuries - Emergency Department Admissions Peter Buzzacott The US Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) maintains a National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) that includes 100 Emergency Departments (ED) in the US and US Territories. Originally, only injuries associated with consumer products were entered into the database but since 2000, patient information has been collected for all emergency department presentations involving injuries. Each emergency department is awarded a statistical weighting and, from these weightings, an estimate of the total number of similar injuries nationwide can be made, with 95% confidence intervals. The data are publicly available here: http://www.cpsc.gov/en/Research--Statistics/NEISS-Injury-Data/ The NEISS data is used each-year by the National Safety Council to produce their annual statistical report on unintentional injuries, called Injury Facts. In this report, a comparison can be made between sports and recreational pursuits as shown in Table 2.2-1. Cells shaded in peach indicate the age-group with the highest percentage of emergency department admissions and cells shaded in yellow indicate the second highest percentage age-group of participants presenting at emergency departments. The number of participants in the US and territories is not known for each pursuit, nor is the number of times each participant engages in that pursuit per-year. Therefore, we cannot conclude from this table which sport has the highest or lowest risk of injury. What can be seen in this table, however, is firstly that scuba injuries account for far fewer hospitalizations each-year than any of the other sports or recreations in this table and secondly, that the sports with the highest percentage of participants under 25 years of age are team sports. This is, of course, heavily influenced by the fact they are sports played in schools. However, as the age distribution shifts towards older participants, and the proportion of participants under 25 years presenting at the emergency department falls, (as shown by the shift in colored cells to the right, and by the falling percentage in the last column), then scuba injuries share a similar age distribution as bowling, tennis and fishing. As stated above, that does not imply these recreations share the same levels of risk. Table 2.2-1 Comparison between emergency department presentations for selected sports and recreations 2010-2013, overall count and percentage by age-groups NEISS 2010-13 Total % % % % % Sport n
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A N N U A L DIVING R E P O R T 2012
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Annual Diving Report 2012-2015 Edit
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Worldwide DAN Offices DAN is compri
Page 7 and 8: 1. Introduction Introduction Since
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Appendix C. Asia-Pacific Diving Dea
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Appendix D - Japanese Diving Certif
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Appendix D - Japanese Diving Table
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Appendix E. DAN Classification of H
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Appendix E. DAN Classification of H
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Appendix F. Glossary Arterial Gas E
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Appendix F. Glossary ness, paralysi
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Appendix F. Glossary typically in a
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Appendix F. Glossary Mixed-Gas Any
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Appendix F. Glossary Rebreather Sel
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Appendix F. Glossary Type I DCS (DC
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