European Lactose-Free Market Report 2017/2018 Report

5.3.1 A2 PROTEINS AND HUMAN HEALTH
THE EUROPEAN LACTOSE-FREE MARKET 2017/2018
There is some controversy over whether A2 proteins have an adverse effect on human
digestion (see figure 5.6). Since the 1980’s, theories have emerged hypothesising
that the b-casein protein slows gut transit time, permeates the gut wall into the blood
stream, and increases digestive complaints. 23
However, several reviews of the evidence, including one from the European Food
Safety Authority (EFSA), have not found any conclusive associations between A2
proteins and adverse health effects. The EFSA review did however admit that A1 and
A2 proteins are digested differently by the human body. 28
In the EU, this lack of scientific consensus creates challenges for businesses such as
the a2 Milk Company, as it is against the law to make health claims that have not been
substantiated by the European Commission. This causes barriers in marketing
produce to consumers.
Evidence for
Evidence against
“Consumption of milk containing A1
β-casein was associated with
increased gastrointestinal
inflammation.”
Sun et al (2016) 25
“This review concludes that there is
no convincing or even probable
evidence that the A1 beta-casein of
cow milk has any adverse effect in
humans.”
Truswell (2005) 26
To view, please download FULL Report
“Results suggest differences in
gastrointestinal responses in some
adult humans consuming milk
containing beta-casein of either the
A1 or the A2 beta-casein type.”
Ho et al (2014) 27
“A cause-effect relationship
between the intake of [A1 proteins]
and non-communicable disease
cannot be established.”
EFSA (2009) 28
Figure 5.6: Evidence for and against the claim that A1 protein has adverse health
effects.
All rights reserved, ©Teepee Ltd, t/a HRA Food & Drink: 2017 30