SleepTech Magazine / May - June 2017

May - June 2017 

www.sleeptechmagazine.com 

“Good 

Morning!’ 

page: 122

4 

INDEX ADS 

16 

The best of Turkey shines in the 

world with Turquality 

Boyteks.............................................Back cover 

Boyçelik................................ Inside back cover 

Mert Makine......................... Inside front cover 

Mert Makine...................................................... 1 

Latexco.............................................................. 3 

Elektroteks.......................................................... 5 

Özdemir Malzeme............................................ 7 

Nova................................................................... 9 

Aydın Tekstil................................................. 10-11 

Bed Covers................................................. 12-13 

Katermak.................................................... 14-15 

Kırayteks........................................................... 17 

Nobel................................................................ 19 

Nano yay......................................................... 21 

CoverConf..................................................22-23 

Şiteks................................................................. 31 

Nerteks.............................................................33 

Sefox.................................................................35 

Artilat...........................................................36-37 

Comfytex....................................................42-43 

Histeks...............................................................45 

Ekici................................................................... 47 

GizGroup.................................................... 48-49 

Punteks............................................................. 51 

Doğuş ofset......................................................53 

Erolteks........................................................60-61 

Unimet........................................................ 64-65 

Feltturc........................................................67-68 

Arda Kimya......................................................69 

Özka Makina..............................................70-71 

Şişmanoğlu...................................................... 81 

Ferzan...............................................................83 

Elitecore...........................................................85 

Jakarteks.......................................................... 87 

Innova..............................................................89 

Simalfa............................................................. 91 

Karas.................................................................93 

Tuğsan..............................................................95 

BKB.................................................................. 101 

Ersan Madeni......................................... 102-103 

Tiamo..............................................................109 

Interzum Cologne opens 

with new horizons! 

44 

75 

136 

24 

Trevira CS way of new 

mattresses for the contract 

sector - from fiber to end 

product 

Official verification: All 

standard Lenzing fibers are 

derived 100% from nature 

62 

Definitions and functions of 

mattress components 

“Needle turns to Turkey in 

nonwoven production” 

98 

interzum guangzhou 2017 

held with more exhibitors, 

larger area

Visit us during 

Interzum 2017 

Hall 11.1 

Aisle E010-F019 

Latexco writes a new chapter... 

Latexco envisions a world where people can dream and enjoy a happy, active and healthy life. We believe that 

our innovative bedding solutions can help bring this world one step closer, as a good night’s sleep is essential 

to live that happy, healthy life. 

Bedding products made of pure natural latex. 

Unique and high-quality PU foams. 

The perfect mix of both natural and synthetic 

latex for a comfortable, high-quality comfort. 

Latex components combined with PU foams, 

for strong, durable and customized bedding 

solutions. 

Sint-Amandstraat 8 bis, 8700 Tielt | Belgium 

Tel.: +32 (0)51 40 14 31 | Fax: +32 (0)51 40 55 66 | info@latexco.com 

Contact: Stefaan Reynaert - Area Sales Manager - stefaan.reynaert@latexco.com 

Visit our new website www.latexco.com

6 

From The Editor 

interzum cologne 

where the future 

of the furniture 

industry starts! 

Since 1959, interzum has proudly enjoyed its worldwide reputation 

as a state-of-the-art trade fair. The show is the world’s 

leading trade fair for furniture production and interior design. 

This is where the most important business is conducted and 

momentum for the global furniture supply industry is generated. 

Decision makers, opinion leaders and disseminators from 

all over the world keep up with the innovations in the industry, 

seek and establish new contacts – those who want to do truly 

good business in 2017 should not miss this opportunity. We are 

among them to do our publishing and show business properly. 

interzum means a lot to us. We build up our stand in Hall 10.0 

to showcase three magazines: Sleep Well, Sleep Tech and Furnitech. 

We distribute free copies from our stand and we follow 

up many innovations, new trends, new products, new technologies 

and applications along with new trading techniques, 

marketing tools and management systems. 

In interzum you’ll meet all your direct contacts at one place. 

You can exchange ideas with your industry peers on services, 

products and the latest developments. As one of Europe’s 

largest trade fair grounds you can plan any presentation and 

events of any kind - and with the Koelnmesse organization, you 

have a dynamic associate to assist you. 

interzum is a must-see event for everyone aiming for success in 

the market for furniture production and interiors. That’s because 

interzum offers a comprehensive overview of new technologies 

and designs, encompassing an extremely broad scope of 

products as only a leading international trade fair can. 

As you can see, there are plenty of reasons for exhibiting at and 

visiting interzum. World premieres, product innovations and 

pioneering concepts: interzum is the showcase for the entire 

sector’s new developments. Formats such as »interzum award: 

intelligent material & design« and »innovation of interior« will 

showcase the key trends. Being appealing, informative and 

pioneering: interzum features an outstanding event program 

to reinforce its effects on the industry. In mid-May, all roads, 

national and international, lead to Cologne for interzm for 

seeing and showing… Come see for yourself! 

Mehmet Soztutan 

w w w . s l e e p t e c h m a g a z i n e . c o m 

Publisher 

General Manager 

Responsible 

Editor-in-Chief 

Chief of Editorial Board 

Editorial Consultants 

HEAD OFFICE 

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Polat İş Merkezi B Blok No:3 

34197 ISTANBUL/TURKEY 

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8 

Breakthrough 

solution for items 

filled with feathers 

Pillows and duvets made of 

feathers and down are extremely 

comfortable and provide a feeling 

of top of the range bedding. But 

this sensation of well-being can 

quickly be spoilt by escaping 

down and dust, not to mention 

the discomfort generated by the 

feathers with their sharp tips poking 

through the fabric. Super-microfilament 

textiles - the latest in 

the Evolon® product range - are 

the new technical and eco-friendly 

solution for pillows, duvets, 

sleeping bags and other quilted 

products filled with feathers and 

down. 

Thanks to its structure of closely 

entangled super-microfilaments 

which are up to 200 times thinner 

than a human hair, weighing less 

than 130gsm, the new Evolon 

variant is a high density cover 

fabric which prevents any loss of 

filling from even the finest layer 

of down. The textile also makes 

it possible to mask dark feathers 

or those that are a little too thick 

and prickly. 

Moisture management and 

allergen particle filtration 

For even greater comfort, Evolon 

super-microfilament fabric 

is breathable, light, soft and 

drapable. The moisture generated 

by perspiration during sleep is 

quickly evacuated. The moisture 

management properties and 

downproof performance have 

both been validated by Germany-based 

Hohenstein Textile 

Testing Institute. 

Pillow filled with down and feathers contained 

by Evolon® super-microfilament fabric 

Evolon is well-known for being a 

natural physical barrier against 

dust mite allergens. As a result, 

Evolon also filters residual dust 

from feathers and down which 

could escape from the pillow or 

duvet. Bedding hygiene is considerably 

improved. 

The filtration quality of Evolon is 

strengthened with each washing. 

Unlike traditional textile covers 

with weave that can loosen and 

allow the down to escape, repeated 

washing causes the multidirectional, 

microfilament structure to 

tighten up, thereby reinforcing the 

barrier effect provided by Evolon. 

About 400 times less water 

consumed 

Producing Evolon does not require 

the use of any solvents and minimizes 

water consumption quite 

spectacularly when compared to 

cotton-based textiles commonly 

used to make pillows and duvets 

containing feathers and down. 

Within this context, it is estimated 

that the Evolon production 

consumes about 400 times less 

water, depending on the type of 

competing product. 

Evolon is manufactured in Europe 

in accordance with ISO 9001, ISO 

14001 for respecting the environment, 

ISO 50001 for its continuous 

programme of reduction in energy 

consumption and OHSAS 18001 

for employee health and safety. 

Pillow and duvet manufacturers 

will appreciate the ease of working 

with Evolon, with its edges 

that do not fray, therefore doing 

away with the need for a hem. 

Evolon can be dyed, printed and 

sewn just like any other textile.

10 

Cotton USA 

offering sourcing 

support at Texworld 

COTTON USA promoted U.S. cotton 

and offered sourcing support to 

the fashion industry supply chain 

at its exhibit at Texworld in Paris 

from February 6-9, 2016. COTTON 

USA provided visitors with comprehensive 

background information 

on responsibly-produced U.S. 

cotton, global cotton market developments, 

the findings of current 

market and consumer studies, and 

its ongoing Licensing, Marketing 

and Sourcing Programs. 

COTTON USA provides proactive 

support through its Sourcing Program 

with respect to procurement 

issues, which includes organized 

sourcing trips to important 

regions. Visitors also discovered 

the COTTON USA Marketing and 

Licensing Program at the exhibit 

and learned about COTTON USA’s 

collaboration with leading brands 

and retailers around the world. 

Cotton is a natural and renewable 

fiber, and U.S. cotton producers 

are leading the way in responsible 

cotton production practices. 

U.S. cotton has a track record of 

continuous improvement with respect 

to water and crop protection 

product use, and habitat and soil 

preservation. The U.S. system’s 

transparency allows for constant 

monitoring and improvement. The 

roughly 18,000 U.S. cotton growers 

comply with stringent U.S. government 

regulatory requirements 

and are committed to the principle 

of continuous improvement. 

At the COTTON USA exhibit, the 

textile trade also was able to 

gather information on how the 

Cotton LEADS program, initiated 

by Australia and the United 

States, offers manufacturers, 

brands and retailers a reliable cotton 

supply chain solution and confidence 

that the raw material used 

from these countries is responsibly 

produced and identified. 

COTTON USA is a premium 

trademark ingredient brand that 

identifies products made from U.S. 

cotton through all stages of processing 

and marketing. COTTON 

USA has strong consumer awareness 

and preference for COTTON 

USA, with more than 51,000 

products.

Adres - Address: Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bulvarı 

Saray Mah. No: 315/D Sarayköy / Kazan / ANKARA 

Tel - Phone: (312) 256 46 08 - 256 50 24 

Faks - Fax : (312) 256 38 87 

E-posta - E-mail: hakankardesler@hotmail.com 

www.bedcovers.com.tr

time for the change 

www.bedcovers.com.tr

18 

The best 

of Turkey 

shines in the 

world with 

Turquality 

Major brands 

covered by 

Turquality program 

breakthrough among 

others carry the 

quality of Made in 

Turkey labels to all 

over the world. 

Turkish brands are rapidly integrating 

with developing technologies, 

bringing the trends around 

the world in unique products they 

design. The awareness about 

Made in Turkey labels and is 

increasing day by day in international 

arena. One of the most 

important projects supporting this 

aim is TURQUALITY®, a master 

brand for Turkish made products 

and companies. Thanks to the 

support provided by the project, 

companies in medical, beauty, 

furniture, carpet, textile, energy 

sectors and many other Turkish 

brands in the field are doing great 

success in the world. With the R & 

D efforts, more innovative products 

have begun to be launched in 

the markets. While engaging more 

activities in the world of innovation, 

Turkey is presenting the 

world with the finest companies 

with TURQUALITY® project. 

Turquality is the first and only 

state supported branding initiative 

in the world. Selected brands 

are registered under the project 

and supported for their several 

foreign trade activities. The companies 

covered, find more opportunity 

and funds for the promotion 

of their brands and products in 

abroad. Supports offered to the 

brands cover incentives given 

for the activities of fast growing 

brands from the production stage 

up to the marketing, sales and af-

20 

ter sales services. The project also 

aims to establish a master brand 

for individual Turkish brands in 

the world markets. Presently, 118 

brands are covered by the project. 

The brands supported by the 

TURQUALITY® program agrees on 

the common view that exports are 

accelerating and that they are 

better able to express themselves 

internationally thanks to the supports 

of the project. Many brands 

that have turned this support into 

advantage have already set an 

effective road map for their aims 

in overseas markets. As a result 

of their activities in these markets, 

they are making a strong 

partnership with brands that have 

received positive feedback from 

their foreign markets where they 

have introduced their products. 

These achievements are crowned 

with various competitions and 

awards held in the global field. 

We listened about this journey 

from the major brands included 

in the Turquality Program, which 

have achieved new successes by 

increasing their and Turkey’s brand 

awareness and effectiveness in 

the world.

22 

Boyteks sales and marketing 

manager Nuri Korahmetoglu: 

We joined in the program in 

June 2014. The project that was 

started to build a national brand 

in international arena is important 

for our brand. We agree that the 

supports reach up to serious levels 

to the efforts of companies who 

are becoming more professional. 

We have reached a serious brand 

awareness in our target markets 

in abroad. 

This is a journey… We as Boyteks 

have reached our targets in the 

way to have felt the quality and 

power of Turkish brands in the 

world. We keep launching new, 

innovative and quality products to 

more locations in the world. 

Kastamanu Integrated general 

manager Haluk Yildiz: 

We have been the first company 

to get Turquality certificate in the 

sector in 2015 by managing one 

more step ahead. It helped us to 

upgrade our brand and competitive 

power in international markets 

as an approval of our Made 

in Turkey perception in the world. 

35 % of our total income comes 

from foreign operations. As a result 

of our export oriented efforts, 

our company was awarded as the 

stars of exports as the top exporting 

company in its field of new 

markets having serious contribution 

on Turkey’s exports. It proves 

that our company is running on the 

way of becoming an international 

corporation, once more. 

AGT general manager Sirzat Subasi 

We joined the program in May 

2015. Turquality was a major step 

for the efforts of AGT in the way 

of globalization and improving our 

export performance. We met with 

our global customers in global 

platforms including in America, 

Canada, England, India, Germany 

and others, and at Intermob, 

TurkeyBuild fairs in Turkey. 

We aim to provide maximum value 

for national economy by believing 

the power of marketing, by 

investing in R&D and P&D and 

by following the trends. Exports 

accounts 40 percent of our sales 

and we think that we can manage 

our globalization process successfully, 

by believing the power of 

marketing, by differentiating and 

developing more alternative in our 

product portfolio. For this reason 

we as AGT, spend funds in these 

activities more than our rivals. 

We decided our strategic target 

countries for Turquality project. We 

will be more active in the Middle 

East, Europe and Canada. We 

also have plans for fair activities 

in Istanbul, Iran and Dubai to 

exhibit our products.

26 

Interzum 

Cologne 

opens 

with new 

horizons!

interzum is a unique 

platform for exciting new 

ideas and innovations - and 

that’s something the interzum 

blog posts from March also prove: 

right on cue when the start of spring 

leaves its first traces in nature in the 

third month of the year, the leading 

international fair for the furniture 

and interior construction 

industries’ supplying sections 

also turned its attention 

to nature. 

27

28 

From 15 to 19 May 2017, interzum 

will be setting new standards and 

the organizers are already offering 

numerous services to ensure convenient 

travel planning and a successful 

visit to the fair. Every two 

years, as the leading international 

fair for the furniture and interior 

construction industries’ supplying 

sections, interzum is the highlight 

of the year. For 2017, the motto is 

more exhibitors, more space and 

even more innovation in furniture 

production and interiors. Approximately 

1,600 companies will be 

presenting their products across 

200,000 square meters of exhibition 

space in 10 halls. It is worth 

taking a look in the run-up to the 

event at the services provided by 

Koelnmesse, in order that visitors 

and exhibitors can concentrate 

fully on business at interzum. 

One thing is already clear: interzum 

2017 is going to be an event 

of superlatives. More companies, 

more space, more halls. Many hall 

spaces were already practically 

fully booked by December - and 

with 150 first-time exhibitors (a 

10 per cent increase) from Germany 

and abroad, Cologne will 

be welcoming more companies 

for the first time in May than 

ever before. And, in particular, its 

international drawing power has 

increased. The number of globally 

active companies exhibiting at 

the event has increased by 36 

per cent in comparison to interzum 

2015. And over the years, the 

breadth of target groups has also 

increased. Alongside the interior 

design industry, which takes inspiration 

from interzum for its new 

collections, the fair also attracts 

more professionals from other 

creative industries every year. For 

designers and architects, interzum 

has already for some time been a 

must-attend event.

29 

The division into three segments 

ensures a clear and comprehensive 

presentation of the wide 

spectrum of components for furniture 

and interiors. Alongside the 

exhibitors and their innovations, 

highlights in each segment are the 

piazzas, that is to say the special 

exhibition spaces that address 

current themes in the industry and 

that - just like a market place in 

an Italian village - work exceptionally 

well as a meeting place, 

for chatting or taking a break now 

and then. 

To ensure that visitors don’t miss 

any of the event’s highlights, 

interzum has launched the “Follow 

The Red Line” visitor guidance 

system: a red line that this year 

once again connects Entrance 

South (50 meters away from the

30 

Köln Messe/Deutz Intercity Express 

railway station) with all of the 

important stations at the fair. The 

concept, the name of which is inspired 

by the interzum logo, leads 

visitors systematically through 

all of the trade fair segments, 

helping them to get an organized 

overview of everything on show at 

the event. 

But a lot of time would need to 

be set aside to experience the 

enormous variety offered by interzum, 

were one to follow the line 

to the letter. Because even those 

who spend the entire four trade 

fair days in the exhibition grounds 

won’t be able to view every single 

exhibit. 

By the way, early planning is 

also strongly recommended with 

regard to arrangements for travel 

to Cologne. This major city on 

the Rhine is a popular destination 

and attracts guests from all 

over the world to its events. At 

the same time as interzum 2017, 

the Ice Hockey World Cup will be 

underway, so visitors should take 

care to organize suitable accommodation 

early. To assist with 

this, Koelnmesse has set up a convenient 

service for guests: by visiting 

the dedicated travel portal at 

www.interzum.de, visitors can find 

a wide range of services to help 

with their travel plans, as well as 

selected options for accommodation 

and leisure activities in and 

around Cologne. 

Hotels can be booked directly 

using the portal, as can restaurant 

reservations. Koelnmesse also 

helps any guests and exhibitors 

who need a visa for their visit 

to Germany: with the visa support 

service, the required letter 

of invitation is produced by a 

Koelnmesse service provider. By 

offering this help with regard 

to visiting the event, interzum 

ensures that the participation in 

the trade fair by visitors and exhibitors 

will again be a complete 

success in 2017.

31 

interzum: from upcycling to the 

Tiny House - groundbreaking ideas 

From biomaterials and green 

innovations to upcycling, future 

home lifestyles were the talking 

point this month, with the other 

major theme being interzum’s importance 

for design, interior decor 

and architecture. 

“Upcycling” is one of the words 

to keep in the back of your head 

at interzum 2017. It refers to a 

kind of recycling where selected 

products are reused and, in the 

ideal scenario, new, high-quality 

materials for completely new products 

are produced. From paper and 

clothing to fabrics, almost anything 

that would otherwise end 

up in the rubbish can be reused 

with the right creative mindset. 

Upcycling isn’t just fun; it helps to 

protect our environment. Resources 

circulate, and less waste is 

produced. What’s more, we get a 

“new” product at a lower cost or 

no cost at all - a win-win situation. 

The special Circular Thinking event 

area at interzum will present 

ideas, products and manufacturers, 

and provide an overview of 

sustainable upcycling. It’s also 

where visitors will find chairs 

made from biomaterials. Seats 

made from plant or vegetable 

waste? It may sound a little 

strange at first, but the idea is 

actually as simple as it is ingenious. 

After all, the raw materials 

are freely available in plentiful 

quantities and can be sustainably 

reused. The Zostera Stool by designer 

Carolin Pertsch, for example, 

is made from seagrass that is 

washed up on the coasts. 

Natural materials and conscious 

use of resources will have an 

immense influence on how we 

live in the future, probably more 

so than ever before. The global 

population is constantly growing, 

and supplies of resources are 

dwindling. This is yet another 

good reason to visit the special 

Circular Thinking event area to find 

some inspiration. One organization 

that has done just that is the 

American Hardwood Export Council 

(AHEC). Taking its inspiration from 

nature, the Workshop of Dreams 

shows just what can happen when 

American hardwoods are used 

creatively. interzum will present 

creative and surprising designs, 

including The Smile pavilion, a 

wooden installation. 

So much sustainability and 

innovation should, of course, be 

rewarded, too. The Green Product 

Award is presented in 14 categories 

at the fair. True to its motto, 

“How will we live tomorrow?”, it 

recognizes exceptionally innovative 

and green products. 

How we will live tomorrow is also 

a question that the Tiny House 

examines. Living space is becoming 

more and more expensive, 

and this is driving the search for 

solutions that can offer maximum 

comfort in a limited space. On an 

area of just 8 square meters that 

can be surveyed at a glance, the 

Tiny House is a home in miniature 

that provides everything you 

need for a space-saving life and 

more besides: the house is on 

wheels, so there are no limits to 

its mobility.

32 

The special Mobile Spaces event 

area will also explore the immense 

impact of mobility on 

our lives. Cars, planes and ships 

mean that we are more mobile 

today than ever before. Designing 

for these mobile spaces calls 

for individual solutions because 

they have their own specific 

requirements. Surfaces, textiles 

and fittings will be presented in 

the event area as ideally suited 

examples of mobile furnishings, 

especially in caravans. 

This year interzum will present a 

host of diverse ideas for designing 

future living spaces. This rich 

source of inspiration is something 

that many leading names value 

and appreciate, not least international 

architect Peter Ippolito. 

Professor Peter Zec of Red Dot 

is also keeping a close eye on 

current developments and industry 

trends, and spoke highly of the 

development of natural materials 

and how they can be combined 

with cutting-edge technology. To 

do justice to these innovations, 

the interzum award: intelligent 

material & design will be presented 

in Cologne. 

And to make sure no innovations 

go undiscovered, Koelnmesse is 

committed to representing young 

companies at interzum. This initiative 

is supported by the German 

Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs 

and Energy’s (BMWi) funding 

program. Eligible companies can 

benefit from assistance with trade 

fair costs and have the opportunity 

to present their innovations 

and market them. 

Distressed and rustic: the veneer 

trend for 2017 

Bad Honnef. Classic looks are ontrend 

in virtually every sphere of 

life, and not least for prized wood 

surfaces that tell stories stretching 

back decades. But as old wood is 

often labor-intensive to process 

and not always cheap either, 

there is a growing trend today 

for distressing the best from the 

tree for an antique look. “Brushed, 

rough-cut, sandblasted, planewave 

and chopped looks are now 

on-trend - especially veneers that 

are individually printed to the 

customer’s specification,” explains 

Ursula Geismann of the veneer 

association Initiative Furnier + 

Natur (IFN).

34 

Lovers of individual, rustic textured 

surfaces are spoilt for choice 

today: the textures available 

range from knotty oak to historic 

wood and beam oak in its 

different color variations, all the 

way through to knotty spruce, 

Swiss pine and larch, both with 

and without knots - there are no 

limits to what the user, decorator 

or renovator wants. “The highly 

attractive surfaces are suitable 

for every imaginable application 

in furniture and interior construction,” 

explains Geismann. Classic, 

smooth veneers on the other hand 

are used for furniture surfaces and 

in interior construction as well, 

but they are also appearing in 

car modification packages and 

in very high-end products such 

as veneered skis, bags, glasses, 

kiteboards, bathtubs, book covers, 

shoe insoles and mouse pads. 

“Anything you like goes. The 

immense spectrum of veneer looks 

makes it hard to decide. But anyone 

who chooses a unique piece 

from the best of the tree will enjoy 

it for many years and decades,” 

says Geismann. 

Mobile Spaces: special event area 

at interzum 2017 

Whether in the car, airplane or 

caravan - mobility is an essential 

part of our lives. So what will 

private transport look like in the 

future? In the “Mobile Spaces” 

special event area, interzum 2017 

will show how surfaces and materials 

can alter the character of such 

spaces. 

Electric cars, digital networks and 

autonomous driving are pioneering 

developments that will have 

an increasingly significant impact 

on our mobility. And the demands 

made on materials and surfaces 

used in the fitting out of mobile 

spaces are also changing. For this 

reason, the upcoming edition of 

interzum will be presenting trends 

in mobility in a dedicated spe-

36 

cial event area under the title of 

“Mobile Spaces”. In doing so, the 

industry’s leading international 

fair will be addressing the particular 

relevance this subject has for 

the furniture and interior construction 

industries’ supplying sections. 

Many of the exhibitors at the fair 

are equally active in both home 

furnishing and the fitting out of 

vehicles. New products and ideas 

from the conventional furniture 

sector, such as surfaces, textiles 

and fittings, are likewise used in 

cars, ships and airplanes. Innovative 

materials and features play 

just as important a role in mobile 

spaces as they do in homes. 

However, the demands on mobile 

spaces are often even higher than 

for a home environment. In particular, 

the specific requirement for 

low weight calls for special solutions. 

This is another field where 

the two disciplines stimulate each 

other because lightweight design 

is immensely important not only in 

rolling, floating and flying spaces, 

but also in residential construction 

and furnishing. Transportation and 

logistics call for cost minimization 

and low weights, not least for 

sustainability reasons. 

In its “Mobile Spaces” special 

event area, interzum will focus 

above all on “rolling spaces”, 

examples of which include specially 

fitted-out motorhomes such 

as the “Empire Liner” from Morelo. 

High-quality details in this luxury 

motorhome’s interior, such as 

multi-layered furniture fronts and 

solid surface materials, have until 

now not been used in this segment. 

The “Pioneer” concept car 

from the surfaces specialist Hornschuch 

is another extraordinary 

mobile space that will be on show 

in the exhibition and that shows 

the impact a fresh understanding 

of mobility has on car interiors. 

The “Mobile Spaces” special event 

will take place at interzum 2017 

at the Textile & Machinery Piazza 

in Hall 10.1.

40 

Comfytex offers comfort 

through its special mattress 

ticking fabric 

Adding value to the 

mattress industry 

with its various 

design and featured 

products Comfytex 

has been growing 

fast through 

its R&D and 

innovation works. 

Realizing a lot of innovative successes 

and winning many awards 

during its 5 years of activity period 

Comfyptex, one of the leading 

in the manufacturing of mattress 

and mattress fabrics, has been 

constantly progressing its service 

quality. Selim Sahin, Vice General 

Manager of Comfytex talked about 

the factors which inspired their 

R&D studies and about the solutions 

they have been preparing 

for Interzum Cologne. 

Could you inform us about the 

establishment, development 

and corporate structure of your 

company? 

Selim Sahin, 

Vice General Manager of Comfytex

41 

Küçükler Textile, known as Comfytex, 

has started business in 

mattress ticking industry in 2012. 

In a very short time, Comfytex 

has developed many innovations 

leading the market. Its innovative 

and innovation-driven growth 

approach and strategy has put 

forward projects for new trends. In 

2016, we received from the Turkish 

Patent Institute (TPE), the best 

award for “the highest number of 

design applications in Turkey”, 

which has been a milestone for 

us. This award has given us the 

motivation to be more confident, 

to be different and to be one the 

leading innovative textile manufacturer. 

Quality, flexibility and efficiency 

has always been our main core 

principles. That’s why our company 

had started an ERP (Enterprise 

Resource Planning) project in 

2015 which is used today in all 

our integrated company processes 

and systems. 

This program called I-Com (Integrated 

Comfytex), which allows all 

our teams to work more efficiently 

and intensively, is today a way 

for us to satisfy our partners 

worldwide. This year, we are planning 

to include all the automation 

system to the integrated system 

and are working on this project. 

Can you inform us about your 

R&D studies? What are your main 

principles at production process? 

Our company has started R & 

D and innovation researches 

in 2014. The R & D team was 

founded and started to work 

quickly in the same year. Strategic 

targets have been determined 

and the important projects have 

been realized for this aim. In 

2015, we had some researches 

on the magnetic field studies of 

Ibni Sina (Avicenna), an important 

medical scientist who lived in the 

… century. Inspired by his works, 

we have then launched the TESLA 

fabric which fibers and yarns has 

natural magnetic properties. Tesla 

has been scientifically proved by 

world’s leading universities and 

laboratories that it increases the 

sleep quality. The patent application 

has been made for Tesla 

Fabric in the same year. 

Our team continues to work on 

new projects with inspiration 

which is a result of the successful 

Tesla project. New designs have 

been developed for the bedding 

market in 2016. Freeze, Meditation, 

Sakura Sleep products and 

our brand new Anti-Cellulite fabric 

are some of our innovative brands 

which will be offered to our partners 

and all mattress manufacturer 

in Interzum Köln fair.

42 

I want to give more details about 

these new products: 

Anti-cellulite: This revolutionary 

fabric will be a gift from Comfytex 

to all the women in the 

world. Thanks to the special Nano 

technological particles, it helps to 

reduce the appearance of the orange 

peels. The product has been 

tested directly on subjects and 

has been scientifically proved. 

Freeze: A special mattress fabric 

has been developed by our R 

& D team to prevent sweating 

and to increase quality during 

sleep. It does gives a real feeling 

of coolness. Unlike the existing 

thermal comfort products, there is 

a constant cool touch. This fabric 

is resistant to the washing and 

provides a long term using. 

Meditation: Textiles, which are 

used in many areas of our lives, 

generate static electricity as 

a result of friction. This static 

electricity disrupts the comfort 

of everyone this is why our R&D 

team has developed this product. 

Meditation will allow you to avoid 

any static electricity on your beds 

for ever. 

Sakura Sleep: This fabric has been 

inspired from Japanese culture. 

Cherry blossom, which has a big 

importance in this culture, is used 

against complaints about mind 

and thought. Sakura Sleep; with 

its special odor spread; helps to 

reduce discomfort such as unpleasantness, 

depression, panic and 

claustrophobia. 

All this new products will be 

offered to our partners in Interzum 

2017 with some new designs and 

trends developed by the R&D 

team. And we do believe that this 

will really contribute to the expansion 

of the bedding sector. 

At last, I want to say also that our 

company has prepared necessary 

sub-structures for an R&D Center 

Project carried out by the Ministry 

of Science, Industry and Technol-

43 

ogy of Turkey and has completed 

its applications to obtain the R&D 

Center authorization certificate. 

Do you have any quality certificate, 

quality management system 

applied on your production? What 

makes you different from your 

competitors? 

Our company has been started 

to integrated quality system 

work and audited according to 

ISO 9001 Quality Management 

System, ISO 14001 Environmental 

Management System and OHSAS 

18001 Labor Health and Safety 

every year. In addition we also 

have Oeko-Tex certification. In 

2017, new work for Information 

Security Management System and 

Industrial Hygiene Certification 

has been started despite all these 

certification mentioned above as 

all of them are not enough for our 

company. 

New projects are continuing about 

the hygienic working conditions 

which shall be the primary basis 

of mattresses sector. The Industrial 

hygiene certificate project is 

running with our expert team. 

Can you talk about your foreign 

trade? Which countries do you do 

business with? 

We have been working on achieving 

to our strategy that is in line 

with our country’s exportation 

target since our establish date. In 

this direction, we are improving 

sales & marketing strategies. It 

is our priority to develop value 

added products, and to give the 

best service to our customer in 

the frame of our vision which we 

revealed in the mid and long term. 

Today, our marketing activities are 

continuing in the different markets 

such as Europe, Middle-East, Far 

East, Africa and US 

What do you expect for your sector 

in 2017? 

We are pursuing closely World 

conjuncture and technological 

developments to keep on our 

successes we gained up to today. 

Especially, in 2017 we will exhibit 

more powerful sales & marketing 

strategies with our Research and 

Development Center. We will 

put forward our new innovative 

products and designs that we 

will prepare specifically for our 

customers.

Tesla has bio magnetic feature and it improves 

metabolism during sleep. Natural materials are inside 

Tesla. It creates a magnetic field around mattress that 

is harmonious to the natural magnetic field of the 

body. 

Feature of Tesla; 

• Helps to improve blood circulation 

• Increase the level of transmission of oxygen and 

nutrients to cell 

• Regulates the sleep rhythm 

• Actives the low energy level 

UNIQUE 

MAGNETIC THERAPY 

COMFORT 

WASHABLE

“ 

Feel the cool comfort 

all night. “ 

You no longer have to suffer that clammy, 

overheated feeling with our Freeze mattress 

ticking made from high quality cool yarn. While 

you are sleeping cool yourself down, ecologically. 

The beauty of this unique “cooling” material 

lays in the usage of the advanced technology 

construction 

Comfytex Freeze mattress ticking help you 

to get ideal micro-climatic environment and 

provide thermal comfort. 

Freeze has high thermal conductivity yarn which 

can emit the body temperature quickly. 

Freeze mattress ticking can supply cooling 

feeling all night which helps having cool, restful 

and relax sleep. 

Enjoy each night with the confidence that 

comes from feeling cool, relaxed and wellpresented 

when you select our Freeze 

mattress ticking. 

Freeze mattress ticking also can be 

washed and it does not lose cooling 

efficiency. 

Feel the cool comfort all night. 

Anti-Cellulite mattress ticking’s benefits are reduction 

of cellulite appearance or orange peel, improvement of 

skin smoothness, increase of skin firmness and elasticity, 

collagen synthesis and skin microcirculation enhancement, 

in the same level of the best cosmetic creams in the market. 

Human body emits energy all the time, while we 

are walking, sleeping, running, working and 

so on. This energy is emitted in the form 

of heat in order to make our body and 

metabolism work properly. The bioactive 

crystals inside mattress ticking absorbs 

this heat and emits Far Infrared rays which 

will interact with the body, stimulating the 

blood microcirculation, leading to a better 

performance and to skin care benefits. 

O.S.B. 16.Cad. No:58 38070 Melikgazi / Kayseri / Turkey 

P : (+90) 352 290 15 95 - F : (+90) 352 290 15 97 

info@comfytex.com.tr - www.comfytex.com.tr

46 

IMO certified 

mattresses by 

Werkmeister with 

Trevira CS covers by 

Mattes & Ammann 

© Photos: Trevira 

GmbH/Werkmeister 

Trevira CS way of new 

mattresses for the contract 

sector - from fiber to end 

product 

For many years German manufacturer 

Mattes & Ammann from Tieringen 

specialists in circular and warp 

knitting, have used Trevira yarns 

for their high quality circular knitted 

and warp-knitted products. Here 

particular note falls on applications 

in the automotive sector and on 

Trevira CS qualities for seat covers 

on trains. Now, however, the topic 

of “living” is a segment growing in 

importance for the Swabian textile 

company, and especially in the 

mattress sector. Working with fiber 

manufacturer Trevira, Mattes & 

Ammann have developed a variety 

of qualities for mattress covers 

and they recently extended their 

product range for the segment to 

include a collection in Trevira CS to 

cater for the contract market. 

Based in Tieringen (Baden-Württemberg), 

the company was founded 

in 1951 and specializes in warp 

and weft knitted products for the 

automotive industry, and in fabrics 

for seating and mattress covers. 

Production includes also a circular 

knitting facility. Total annual production 

is in excess of 55 million 

square meters of textile, achieved 

with a workforce numbering around 

275. 

Within the contract market, safety 

takes on great significance from 

the very beginning of project planning. 

Spectacular large-scale fires, 

such as the hotel conflagration on 

New Year’s Eve 2015 in Dubai, 

continually bring this subject back 

into the public eye. Due to fire 

safety regulations, flame retardant 

drapes, decorative and upholstery 

fabrics are established standard 

in hotels, hospitals and in care 

homes today. The use of flame 

retardant mattress covers makes 

an additional contribution towards 

preventive fire protection.

48 

New developments for all contract 

sectors 

The new range currently includes 

three qualities in various grammages 

and in fabric weights of 230 

– 365 g/m², with the result that 

the cover can be adapted to the 

different structure and the desired 

weight of the mattress. A variety 

of looks offers further possible 

choices, highlighting the wide 

range of fabric constructions. Every 

newly developed article bears the 

trademark approval for Trevira CS. 

Working with Werkmeister based 

in Henstedt-Ulzburg, the manufacturer 

of top-end mattresses, Mattes 

& Ammann have also set in place 

the complete IMO certification for 

the maritime sector (both Module B 

and Module D), so that these mattresses 

are suitable for maritime 

applications. This includes use on 

cruise liners and yachts. Mattress 

manufacturer Breckle in Weida too 

has mattresses for the maritime 

sector, correctional facilities and 

contract applications in its portfolio 

and will in future be using Trevira 

CS fabrics from the Mattes & Ammann 

collection for its covers. 

Alongside products for shipping, 

mattresses with permanently 

flame retardant covers are also 

of interest for aircraft for instance 

(catering for First Class equipment 

on long-distance flights). The same 

applies to barracks, psychiatric 

clinics or penal institutes – indeed 

anywhere there is a need for mattresses 

and where particular safety 

regulations apply. 

The virtues of the new development 

are two: the high quality of 

“Made in Germany” embedded in 

the article from fiber to end product 

and the permanent flame retardancy 

of the covers, a benefit that is 

not lost even after washing. Trevira 

CS materials are easy care and 

kind to the skin, and Trevira fibers 

and yarns meet the human-ecological 

demands of Oeko- Tex 100 

standard. 

The new Trevira 

CS mattress cover 

qualities by Mattes & 

Ammann 

© Photo: Trevira 

GmbH/Mattes & 

Ammann 

Navicella 

IMO certified 

mattresses by 

Werkmeister with 




GmbH/Werkmeister 

The new Trevira 

CS mattress cover 

qualities by Mattes 

& Ammann 


GmbH/Mattes & 

Ammann 

Breckle launches 

new mattresses 

for contract 

applications with 



© Photo: Breckle

52 

ISPA EXPO Charlotte 

offers challenging 

opportunities 

The event where 

the mattress 

industry’s 

people, products 

and possibilities 

connect 

ISPA EXPO is the world’s largest 

trade show exclusively for the mattress 

industry! Mattress producers 

come to ISPA EXPO for efficient 

“one-stop” shopping to fill their 

equipment, component, and service 

needs. 

International Sleep Products 

Association Expo is a 4-day event 

being held from 14th March to 

17th March 2018 at the Charlotte 

Convention Center in Charlotte, 

USA. This event showcases products 

like adjustable beds, mattress 

materials, carpets, to that 

of airbed components associated 

with this field etc. in the business 

services industry. 

Any company that supplies mattress 

manufacturing equipment,

54 

supplies, products, or services 

may attend this important show. 

Over 200 companies are expected 

to exhibit on the 100,000+ square 

feet of floor space and more than 

3,000 industry professionals from 

around the world are expected 

attend. Nowhere else can you 

get such wide exposure and meet 

face to face with so many qualified 

buyers at one time. 

Some exhibitors of this important 

fair keep their names in front of 

the powerful audience of ISPA 

EXPO through a variety of sponsorships 

and promotional opportunities. 

In addition to aisle after aisle 

of products and services for the 

mattress industry, the EXPO offers 

hours of focused educational 

programs to help you stay on top 

of the latest industry trends and 

developments. 

ISPA EXPO social events including 

the Welcome Reception and the 

Industry Breakfast provide prime 

opportunities for you to connect 

with colleagues, customers and 

business partners.

56 

INNOVA BEDDING offers a 

series of innovative solutions 

for the mattress industry 

Around the globe, around the clock, 

dynamism and innovation in action 

Önder Honi 

Önder Honi, based on his 17 

years of dynamic and enterprising 

experience in the mattress 

industry, established Innova 

Bedding two years ago, as a 

company, in order to serve the 

mattress industry by producing 

diverse range of innovative and 

alternative solutions. Innova 

Bedding represents some European 

American, Canadian and 

Far Eastern companies in the 

Middle East and North Africa. 

Önder Honi said, “Innova Bedding 

represents the Canadian 

firm Vista Medical in 25 countries. 

Apart from this, Innova 

Bedding represents the Enkev, a 

well-known firm from Holland, in 

21 countries. Innova Bedding is 

able to supply all mattress materials, 

components and accessories 

from Turkey to the world and 

from world to the Turkey. The

57 

name Innova is originated from 

innovation, which is one of the 

main pillars of the Company.” 

“As we see the future of industry 

at digital environment, we are 

investing on digital systems and 

digital marketing as far as the 

mattress industry is concerned” 

Önder Honi pointed out, “We 

offer consulting services for 

mattress producers to make 

them international. We are 

trying to adapt their mentalities 

to international business. We 

are changing products designs, 

marketing approach by launching 

brand new approaches.” 

“Global networking is one of 

the main job of Innova Bedding. 

People are looking for machinery, 

employee, material, design 

etc. We have a global network 

to find almost all of them. 

Sourcing is another part of our 

company, we are able to offer 

almost 100 different mattress 

components for the mattress 

industries.” 

He added, “Thanks to Innova 

Bedding product network, Innova 

Bedding also supplies properties 

of products like the coolness 

of cotton, thermal comfort of 

wool, incredible natural comfort 

of horsehair, the natural antibacterial 

and comfort effect of coco 

(pads made from coconut fiber.) 

Innova Bedding can supply you 

3D Mesh Fabric for the air circulation, 

all kind of pillows and gel 

products which provide you cool 

effect on the bed.”

58 

Boyteks presents limitless 

design alternatives to 

more than hundred 

countries 

Among the top ten exporting companies 

Boyteks keeps introducing its innovative 

products to its buyers. General Manager 

of the company Mustafa Yildirim 

answered our questions before going to 

Interzum Cologne.

59 

There are many different 

businesses in your group as 

Boyteks. How long have you been 

operating in the mattress industry? 

How did this adventure begin? 

As Boyteks we started production 

of mattress in 2002. At that 

time, we started with 8 weaving 

machines in order to meet the 

needs of mattress ticking fabric 

of our group companies and 

today our company continues 

sales with a brand that produces 

with more than 500 machines 

and exports to more than 100 

countries in the world. We started 

production of upholstery fabric 

in Bursa in 2003 and carpet 

production in our Kayseri factory 

in late 2011. 

Boyteks is a company known for 

innovative products. What are 

the prominent features of the 

innovative products you produce? 

We believe in the power and 

importance of innovation very 

much as an institution. Up to 

now, we have offered more than 

100 innovative products. The 

products we produce are the 

products that add value to our 

customers’ products and provide 

added value for them. These 

innovations will continue incessantly. 

We will invest more in R 

& D in the near term and we will 

expand our team further. 

Mustafa Yildirim 


So what are the special 

considerations in production? What 

is your annual production volume? 

Customer satisfaction has 

always been a priority for us. 

Our brand is customer focused. 

We want our production teams 

to have this point of view in 

particular. That’s why we make 

sure that our sales and marketing 

teams and our production 

professionals are as good as

60 

possible. We visit regularly to 

our customers and listen to their 

needs and demands. 

What are innovations in the field of 

bedding in the world? How do you 

integrate these innovations into 

your products? 

The mattress sector in the world 

is growing at least over 8% every 

year. The changing lifestyle, 

population growth, rising numbers 

of hotel, hospital and project 

business, known as contract 

business, are the factors behind 

the growth. So, the demand for 

mattress fabrics is also growing. 

Of course, with this supply 

demand, new companies, companies 

will enter in the market 

and fuels the competition. In this 

competitive environment, you 

can go as far as your price. In 

order to ensure profitability and 

sustainability of our businesses, 

we have to be different. 

What are the customer preferences 

in mattresses? How does customer 

expectation affect production at 

this point? 

Each country has its own habits 

and culture. Of course, producers 

have to diversify their productions 

accordingly. We have a 

wide product range that can 

meet any demand at this point 

easily. We can meet almost all 

the needs of the manufacturers. 

Which countries do you have 

export activities? Are you 

exporting mattress-ticking fabrics 

more or are you more active in the 

domestic market? 

Today, Boyteks exports to more 

than 100 countries. Our brand is 

among the top 10 companies of 

Turkey in exports. 

How is the reflection of different 

cultures to the design side as a 

company that has export activities 

all over the world? Is there a

61 

general line in design or an original 

style for every culture? 

We have a very large design and 

collection preparation team. We 

have design offices in countries 

like Italy and Spain where we work 

abroad. You need to be original in 

design and consider the differences.We 

can best respond to these 

differences. 

The year 2016 was a challenging year 

for every sector. How was the year 

2016? As Boyteks, did you catch your 

goals for 2016? 

It was a difficult year for us as it 

was in all sectors. Fortunately, 

despite these difficulties, we have 

realized the production volumes 

we aimed at. We’ve completed our 

investments. This year we made a 

very good start. 

Finally, what is your turnover target 

for 2017? Are there new projects on 

the agenda? 

In 2017, we aimed to grow by 

more than 10%. Boyteks has 

been able to grow at least 15% 

every year since its foundation. 

We have completed our necessary 

investments in this direction. Our 

modernization work continues. Our 

construction investments will be 

completed within a few months. In 

this direction, we are completely 

convinced that we will reach our 

targets this year.

64 

Official 

verification: 

All standard 

Lenzing fibers 

are derived 

100% from 

nature 

Lenzing - Lenzing Viscose® and 

Lenzing Modal® fibers including all 

their product families were awarded 

the Biobased Product Label 

granted by the U.S. Department of 

Agriculture (USDA). The prestigious 

certification is further proof that all 

standard types of fibers produced 

by Lenzing are fully derived from 

the natural and renewable raw material 

wood. The company’s Lyocell 

fiber TENCEL® has already been 

certified as 100 percent biobased 

content since 2011. Lenzing FR® 

has now also been certified as 99 

percent biobased. The residual 

amount is for material used to 

make the fiber fire-resistant. 

“I am glad that our pioneering 

work for sustainability is being recognized 

by reviewers worldwide. 

Eco-responsibility represents a key 

component of our group strategy 

and we put a major emphasis on 

it”, explains Lenzing CEO Stefan 

Doboczky. “The notable Biobased 

Product Label will help inform consumers 

about the high ecological 

standards of our products and our 

corporate values”, he added. 

Natural cycle 

Even more, Lenzing fibers are not 

only derived 100 percent from 

nature, but they are also returned 

to nature at the end of their life

65 

USDA Biobased 

certification 

extended 

to Lenzing 

Viscose ® 

and Lenzing 

Modal ® 

cycle. Standard Lenzing fibers are 

demonstrably 100 percent biodegradable 

and even compostable. 

Lenzing proves this with a series of 

certificates which can be seen at 

the website of the company. 

Accordingly, Lenzing is in tune with 

the growing trend towards ecology 

and sustainability. Global customers 

in the textile and nonwovens 

industry are increasingly turning 

to raw materials which do not 

unnecessarily harm the environment 

when they are produced or 

disposed of. 

BioPreferred program 

The certification of bio-based 

products is part of the BioPreferred 

program implemented by the USDA. 

It is designed to motivate government 

institutions and companies 

to purchase bio-based products or 

those which largely consist of biological 

materials.

68 

Exports started 2017 

with 49 months-high 

increase 

Exports increased by 15% in January 

2017, reaching 10 billion 528 million and 

47 thousand dollars 

Turkish national exports have 

started 2017 with a record. 

According to TIM data, exports 

have increased by 15% in January 

reaching 10 billion 528 million dollars. 

This increase is the greatest 

change since November 2012. 

In the press conference, TIM President 

Mehmet Buyukeksi told the 

following: “We announced 2017 

as a leaping point for exports. We 

expect an increase in petroleum 

and commodity prices, decrease 

in export losses in Russia due to 

normalization of relations, and 

increase in petroleum exporting 

countries’ imports” 

Mr. Buyukeksi told that 12-months 

exports, starting from February 

2016 to January 2017 increased 

by 1.8% reaching as high as 143 

billion 588 million dollars. 

Leading exporting sector was automotive 

in January with 2 billion 

69 million dollars, while Apparel 

sector has conducted 1 billion 253 

million dollars and Chemicals 1 

billion 234 million dollars. 

EU’s share in Turkish national exports 

has reached 49.9%. Middle 

Eastern countries have 18.2% and 

African countries have 8.3%. 

Exports to Russia have increased 

by 57%, highest level since crises. 

Fresh fruits and vegetables sector 

has increased its exports to Russia 

with 27 million dollars, almost 

half the increase to Russia. On the 

other hand, exports to Iraq have 

increased by 42.4%, which was 

TIM President Mehmet Buyukeksi 

mainly occurred due to increase 

in Jewelry, Fisheries and Animal 

Products. Istanbul, still, is the 

most-exporting city in Turkey, followed 

by Bursa, Kocaeli, İzmir and 

Gaziantep. Increasing its exports 

by 268%, Sakarya demonstrated 

the best performance within the 

first 20 exporting countries. 

SOURCE: TIM

74 

“We continue to 

increase capacity with 

new investments” 

Expanded its production capacity by 50% in 2017 

Elektroteks keeps its growth with investments 

and production planning tools 

Offering special solutions to their 

customers Elektroteks is proud 

to have more than 40 different 

machines in its product portfolio. 

We recently talked to Serkan 

Guler, Sales Manager of the 

company. He said that Germany 

is the biggest market in Europe 

and that they will participate in 

Interzum to exhibit the machinery 

for cover, packing machinery and 

gluing lines. 

What are your expectations for 

your firm and for the industry 

in the last quarters of 2017 by 

comparing them with the results of 

first quarter? 

As Elektroteks, we grew 25 % in 

the 1st quarter compared to last 

year. We are optimistic for the 

year, especially for the second 

half. However, we think more investments 

will be seen in 2018. 

Serkan Güler 

Sales Director of Elektroteks Mattress 

Machinery Company

75 

What exactly is the present power 

of production of Elektroteks, who 

increased its production capacity 

by 50% in 2017? 

Since we are offering tailor made 

solutions to our customers, it is 

not easy to give exact figure and 

to measure the production capacity 

of our company. Having more 

than 40 different machines in 

our production line, it is hard to 

calculate our production capacity. 

However, we keep increasing our 

production capacity with new investments 

in the factory and new 

production planning tools. 

What are the major products 

that you are going to exhibit in 

Interzum Cologne fair? 

We will be showing quilting machine, 

packing machines and glue 

lines at Cologne. 

Would you mention about your 

foreign trade activities? Do you 

export to Germany? 

Germany is the biggest market 

for us in Europe. We permanently 

send some machines to 

Germany. All the machines we 

will be showing at Interzum will 

be installed for our customers in 

Germany after the exhibition.

76

77 

Definitions 

and functions 

of mattress 

components

78 

Mattresses may consist of a 

quilted or similarly fastened 

case, usually of heavy cloth, 

that contains hair, straw, 

cotton, foam rubber, etc., or 

a framework of metal springs. 

Mattresses may also be filled 

with air or water. Mattresses 

are made up of a variety of 

mattress components. And the 

quality of each one of those 

mattress components has an 

important impact on the total 

quality of a mattress. Many 

parameters such as pressure 

distribution, skin microclimate, 

hygiene, edge support, 

and long-term stability and 

durability determine mattress 

quality. 

Early mattresses contained 

a variety of natural materials 

including straw, feathers or 

horsehair. In the first half of 

the 20th century, a typical 

mattress sold in North America 

had an innerspring core 

and cotton batting or fiberfill. 

Modern mattresses usually 

contain either an innerspring 

core or materials such as latex, 

viscoelastic or other flexible 

polyurethane foams. Other filling 

components include insulator 

pads over the coils that 

prevent the bed’s upholstery 

layers from cupping down into 

the innerspring, as well as 

polyester fiberfill in the bed’s 

top upholstery layers. In 1899 

James Marshall introduced

79 

the first individually wrapped 

pocketed spring coil mattress 

now commonly known as Marshall 

coils as described below. 

UPHOLSTERY LAYERS, 

PADDING 

Upholstery layers provide 

cushioning and comfort. Some 

manufacturers call the mattress 

core the “support layer” 

and the upholstery layer the 

“comfort layer.” The upholstery 

layer usually consists of three 

parts: the insulator, the middle 

upholstery, and the quilt.

80 

The top of your mattress 

contains several layers of 

padding. The top layer is 

right below where you sleep 

and has a big impact on how 

comfortable the mattress 

feels overall. Beneath that is 

another layer of padding that 

affects how much support the 

mattress gives the pressure 

points in your body. Finally, 

beneath that is another layer 

of padding that protects your 

body from the springs if your 

mattress is a spring mattress. 

In most cases, padding is 

usually made of materials 

such as polyurethane foam, 

puffed-up polyester or cotton 

batting. Extensive mattress 

padding is often more expensive, 

but many people find it 

more comfortable and worth 

the extra cost. 

Middle padding 

This type of mattress padding 

is just below the quilted top 

layer and is usually made 

with foam. When looking at 

a cross-section of the mattress, 

softer foams feel almost 

moist to the touch while firmer 

foams won’t spring back as 

quickly. The next layer of 

mattress padding is made of 

cotton batting that may vary 

in thickness across different 

mattresses and even within 

one mattress. This causes the 

mattress to feel firmer in some 

areas, such as firmer in the 

middle part of the mattress. 

Insulation mattress 

padding 

This padding lies on top of 

the coil springs so that they 

cannot disturb the sleeper and 

cannot be felt from the top of 

the mattress. It also protects 

the coils from damaging the 

top layers of the mattress.

81 

Ticking and quilting 

The exterior of your mattress 

is covered in a fabric. This is 

the part of your mattress you 

actually cover up with your 

bed sheet. That doesn’t mean 

it’s not one of the most important 

mattress components. 

A mattress with quality ticking 

and stitching will typically last 

longer before it needs replacement. 

In addition, it is the part 

that touches your body for 

comfort or the other way.

82 

Ticking is the protective fabric 

cover used to encase mattresses 

and foundations. It 

is usually designed to coordinate 

with the foundation 

border fabric and comes in 

a wide variety of colors and 

styles. Mattress fabrics can 

be knits, damask or printed 

wovens, or inexpensive 

nonwovens. During the past 

decade, along with the rise in 

popularity of all-foam beds, 

stretchy knit ticking on the bed’s top panel has become a standard 

look on both innerspring and foam beds. Most ticking is made with 

polyester yarns. More expensive mattress fabrics may contain a 

combination of polyester with rayon, cotton, silk, wool or other 

natural yarns.

84 

Until the early 2000s, beds 

were normally upholstered with 

a single fabric. This was usually 

a damask ticking or, for inexpensive 

bed sets, a nonwoven 

fabric covering all surfaces of 

the mattress and foundation. 

Today’s bed sets are covered 

with up to six different fabrics: A 

better quality circular knit or woven 

damask on the top panel— 

the bed’s sleeping surface; a 

matching or contrasting [usually 

woven] fabric on the border of 

the mattress; a matching or contrasting 

[usually woven] fabric 

on the foundation side panels; 

a ‘non-skid’ woven or non-woven 

fabric on the surface of the 

foundation and reverse side of 

the mattress; and a nonwoven 

dust cover on the under side of 

the foundation. 

There are a lot of smart and 

innovative mattress ticking 

fabrics making a big difference 

on sleep quality.

86 

SPRINGS and COILS 

Under the padding is a bed of 

springs that provide the support 

for the mattress. Innerspring 

mattresses commonly 

consist of just spring core, and 

the top and bottom upholstery 

layers. The quality of those 

springs is important. In general, 

springs that are made from 

a thicker wire will be firmer 

and provide more support. In 

other words, the gauge of the 

coils is a factor which determines 

firmness and support. 

Coils are measured in quarter 

increments. The lower the 

number, the thicker the spring. 

So, the number of springs is 

important, but more is not 

necessarily better. You will 

need to test out different 

innerspring mattresses to find 

the spring configuration you 

find most comfortable for you. 

If you have a medical doctor 

advice, you should consider 

that for choosing your innerspring 

mattress. 

While a wide variety of 

springs are designed to 

accommodate special needs 

and situations, the four most 

commonly used coils are the 

Bonnell, the Offset, the Continuous, 

and the Marshall Coils 

(Pocket System). 

• Bonnell coils are the oldest 

and the most common coils. 

First adapted from buggy seat 

springs of the 19th century, 

they are still prevalent in 

mid-priced mattresses. Bonnell 

springs are a knotted, roundtop, 

and hourglass-shaped 

steel wire coil. When laced together 

with cross wire helicals, 

these coils form the simplest 

innerspring unit, also referred 

to as a Bonnell unit.

88 

* Marshall coils, also known 

as pocket springs, are thingauge, 

barrel-shaped, knotless 

coils individually encased 

in fabric pockets—normally a 

fabric from man-made, nonwoven 

fiber. Some manufacturers 

pre-compress these coils, 

which makes the mattress 

firmer and allows for motion 

separation between the sides 

of the bed. As the springs are 

not wired together, they work 

more or less independently: 

the weight on one spring 

does not affect its neighbors. 

• Offset coils are hourglass 

type coils on which portions 

of the top and bottom convolutions 

are flattened. In 

assembling the innerspring 

unit, these flat segments of 

wire are hinged together with 

helical wires. The hinging 

effect of the unit is designed 

to conform to body shape. 

• Continuous coils system is 

an innerspring configuration 

in which the rows of coils are 

formed from a single piece of 

wire. They work in a hinging 

effect similar to offset coils. 

FOAM 

Mattresses that do not contain 

springs typically use foam 

in their support layer. There 

are pros and cons to selecting 

this type of mattress, 

so it’s important to carefully 

evaluate this option and the 

alternatives before making 

a final decision. One should 

look for a foam mattress that 

is comfortable but supportive, 

and that helps keep cool 

while sleeping. All-foam mattresses 

use different weights 

and densities of petrochemical-based 

flexible polyurethane 

foams and viscoelastic 

foams or memory foam, and 

latex rubber foams. A number 

of mattress manufacturers 

have incorporated polyurethane 

and viscoelastic foams 

with a portion of plant-based 

content. 

Latex foam 

Latex foam in mattresses is 

generally a blend of the latex 

of the Hevea brasiliensis tree 

and synthetic latex, which is 

derived from petrochemicals 

and other substances and 

fillers. There are, however, 

natural latex mattresses that 

leave out polyurethane-based

90 

chemicals. Latex foam is produced 

using either the Talalay or the 

Dunlop process. Each provides a 

different feel. Dunlop is generally 

a firmer foam but Talalay is softer. 

While the Dunlop process produces 

a denser foam, the Talalay 

process produces a lighter one 

that has more air in it. If you were 

to weigh each as latex cores, the 

Dunlop foam would be heavier 

because it has more latex in it. 

Talalay is more expensive as its 

production is more resource intensive. 

Natural latex foam has a 

higher latex content than synthetic 

latex, however, “100% natural 

latex foam” is misleading. 

Memory foam 

Memory foam mattresses use conforming viscoelastic 

foam over firmer polyurethane base 

foam. Some innerspring mattresses have memory 

foam in their upholstery layer. Different feels 

and comfort levels are achieved by varying the 

thickness, weight and formulation of the viscoelastic 

foams and the base foams. Latex and 

memory foam mattresses each provide a unique 

feel. This type of mattress is good at relieving 

pressure on painful joints. Many memory foam 

mattresses are more expensive than standard 

spring mattresses.

92 

Memory foam is affected 

by temperature. In a cool 

bedroom, a memory foam 

mattress will feel firmer than 

it does in a warm bedroom. 

Memory softens and conforms 

to the sleeper in response to 

body temperature and body 

weight. Traditional memory 

foam molds to the body causing 

a depression the sleeper 

must roll out of when changing 

sleep positions. Mattress 

manufacturers have responded 

to this issue by using “faster 

response” memory foams. 

High-density foam 

Similar to memory foam 

mattresses, a high-density 

foam mattress uses a more 

compact foam typically made 

from polyurethane. This kind 

of foam is made largely from 

open cells that are packed 

together tightly. High-density 

foam mattresses offer comfort 

and longevity because they 

are denser than a traditional 

foam mattress. High-density 

foam mattresses that have an 

innerspring system last even 

longer and eliminate mattress 

sagging. 

They spring back more quickly 

when the sleeper moves. Foam 

mattresses are also known to 

generally “sleep warmer” than 

innerspring mattresses. Mattress 

makers have addressed 

the issue with “open-cell” 

memory foams, pinhole cored 

memory foam, gel-infused 

memory foams, channel-cut 

foam cores, reticulated foam 

support layers and other technologies 

to improve air circulation 

through all-foam beds. 

WATERBEDS 

A waterbed is a mattress with 

water in its interior instead of 

metal coils or air. Waterbeds 

can be lined with different layers 

of fiber to achieve the level 

of firmness the user desires. 

Waterbeds are well known for 

providing support to the spine 

and other body parts, similar 

to the other mattress types. 

There are several options of 

support which range up to 

100% waveless, where the 

user does not notice he/she is 

lying upon a waterbed.

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Simply the original. 

WATER BASED ADHESIVES. SWISS MADE.

94 

AIRBEDS 

Air mattresses use air, rather 

than a coil system or foam 

core, as a means of support. 

An air mattress is an inflatable 

mattress, the majority of which 

are usually made of polyvinyl 

chloride (PVC), although 

recently developed textile-reinforced 

urethane plastic or 

rubber versions exist. The 

deflated mattress can be 

rolled up or folded and carried 

or stored relatively easily, 

making them a popular choice 

for camping trips and for 

temporary bedding at home 

for guests. They are inflated 

either orally by blowing into 

a valve, or with a manual or 

electric pump. 

Air chambers that run through 

the mattress allow you to adjust 

and customize your comfort. 

Sleepers with preferences 

ranging with different levels 

of firmness can find their 

ideal comfort by adjusting the 

amount of air in the chambers. 

Some air mattresses feature 

a dual zone technology that 

allows both sleeping partners to 

set their side of the mattress according 

to their preferences. You 

can sleep soundly in soft, plush 

comfort while your partner enjoys 

a firm night of sleep. Some 

airbeds take customization to 

the next level, giving sleepers 

the opportunity to customize 

different zones of the mattress. 

This could be an ideal option for 

sleepers with ailments such as a 

bad back or a weak neck. With 

more air supporting the areas 

of the body that need it most, 

sleepers can rest easily knowing 

that every part of the body is 

getting the support it needs.

96 

Lightweight, reduced-size and 

reduced-thickness air mattresses 

specifically intended 

for camping and backpacking 

are sometimes called sleeping 

pads, especially when a layer 

of foam insulation is added 

under the air chambers. Better 

quality air chambers, which 

are designed for permanent 

use in the home, are constructed 

of vulcanized rubber, 

covered in canvas or of 

polyurethane. These chambers 

are then installed into a cloth 

shell or ticking. Permanent 

airbeds will look almost like 

conventional beds with the 

exception of having a hose 

(one air chamber) or hoses 

(two air chambers) coming out 

the boxsprings. The mattress 

foundation or boxspring adds 

another level of support to the 

mattress. Most mattress manufacturers 

also produce foundation 

mattresses or boxsprings 

that lie directly beneath 

the mattress, resting on the 

frame of the bed. Usually, the 

foundation is made of either 

wood or springs. Springs will 

give the bed a plusher feel 

while wood will provide more 

support. If you prefer wood, 

make sure the material is 

free of cracks and constructed 

straight. 

One of the most common 

types of boxspring foundations 

uses a spiked coil configuration, 

in which the springs 

are narrow at the bottom but 

spiral to a wider diameter at 

the top. While a spring system 

provides the most common 

type of boxspring support, 

torsion bars are also sometimes 

used. Other foundation 

mattresses contain no springs 

at all but consist of a built-up 

wooden frame. 

Some contemporary mattresses 

don’t have a foundation, 

but these are not common. 

of the head of the bed. These 

hoses will be connected to an 

air inflation device, with two 

outlet valves, that will have 

a remote control so that each 

person can adjust the firmness 

of his or her side to his/her 

own needs. The firmness can 

be adjusted up or down, with 

the simple push of a button on 

the remote. 

FOUNDATION 

Rounding out the list of mattress 

components is the mattress 

foundation, often called

98 

Tuğsan eyes 

foreign markets 

Having a respectful 

place in the sector 

with sales materials 

for sofas, armchairs, 

mattresses and 

boxsprings, the 

company opened to 

the world markets 

in 2016. 

Established as a family business in 

1992 the company started to continue 

as Tuğsan Foreign Trade and 

developed its foreign trade volume 

with its new trade name. We made 

an interview with Fatih Genç of the 

company. 

Can you inform us about 

your company’s foundation, 

development and organizational 

structure? 

Our company was established in 

1992 as a family business. We 

have been manufacturing materials 

for sofas, sitting sets, mattresses 

and boxsprings. We have developed 

our manufacturing line and 

trade relations over the years. 

What about your foreign trade? 

Which countries are you exporting 

to? 

Our sales would mainly be at 

domestic market until last year. We 

have a well-established clientele 

throughout Turkey but since last, 

we opened up to world markets 

with our new name, Tuğsan Foreign 

Trade Ltd. We are currently exporting 

to Iraq, Turkmenistan, Moldova, 

Georgia and Azerbaijan but our

99 

products are very well welcomed 

by foreign customers. We believe 

that we will develop our foreign 

market share considerably in the 

coming years. Placing special 

attention on quality and delivery 

terms we are satisfying customers. 

This reflects us very positively and 

we are happy with the trend we 

have managed. 

What are your expectations for 

2017? 

I hope this year will be a better 

year than last year. We are operating 

with this expectation and we 

are planning our business according 

to this. Turkey has a great potential 

and our company has a vast 

experience to offer competitive 

products. So, we are hoping that 

we will experience a productive 

year in 2017.

100 

“Needle turns to 

Turkey in nonwoven 

production” 

Targeting to produce environmentally friendly products BKM 

Mobilya designs the outlook of their products up to the needs of 

the customers 

At dawn of the Interzum Cologne 

fair, we met with Bilal Altop, general 

manager of BKB Mobilya and 

talked on their products that will 

be exhibited in the fair, including 

hard felt, thermo-bond felt, padded 

felt, wool and cotton pads. 

He said that exports would speed 

up to 70% by the end of 2017 

First, may we know about yourself 

and your firm? 

BKB was established in 2010 

in Kayseri organized industrial 

zone and was registered its trade 

marke as Technofeld Nonwoven 

in 2015. The facilities are for the 

production of non-woven stuffing 

materials in the categories of hard 

felt, thermobond felt, padded 

felt, wool and cotton pads, all are 

environmental friendly. 

Will you furnish us about your 

production process? How many 

people do you employ? How 

large is your annual production 

capacity? 

Products are made of several 

materials natural, synthetic or 

Bilal Altop, General Manager 

recycled to meet the changing 

needs of certain customers. All of 

them are subject to flexibility and 

durability tests and are produced 

on modern combing machines and

101 

thermo binding technology. 30 

people are employed in machine 

based production process, which 

is able to produce 7 thousand 

tons of felt and one thousand tons 

of paddings. 

We have several quality certificates, 

including ISO 9001:2008 / 

ISO 14001:2004 / OHSAS18001: 

2007. 

What is important in your product 

design? 

We design the products by 

analyzing our customers’ needs, 

and learn about where they will 

be used. Our products may be 

arranged and produced at certain 

sizes, either as rolled or specially 

cut forms, either soft, hard or 

flexible, thick or thin. At the same 

time, the appearance of products 

may be adjusted to the choice of 

the buyers. 

Will you please mention about your 

foreign trade activities? How do 

you evaluate the German market? 

Non-woven production industry 

has reached to a certain position 

in Turkey and especially in Kayseri. 

Most of the producers in Europe 

quitted they production, that 

means that demand from Turkey 

has increased more. Additionally, 

the quality, transportation costs 

and longer lead times, rising costs 

of labor and materials and other 

problems encountered in the Far 

East, has turned the needle of attention 

to suppliers in Turkey. The 

growing interest of the visitors 

and companies shown to Turkish 

companies in Interzum Guangzhou 

2017 fair in China is a good signal 

that producers of mattress, furniture 

and insulation have become 

more interested in our products. 

They expressed their intention for 

further talks. We have decided 

to participate in at least three 

international fairs annually, as a 

result of these growing market 

opportunities.

102 

What are your expectations for 2017 for your industry? 

Non-woven industry addresses to a wide range of customer 

portfolio. We consider that the year 2017 will be 

a very good period for our foreign trade activities. We 

expect 70 % increase in our exports by the year-end. 300 

% of growth is also forecast especially in wool and cotton 

padding demands. 

Saudi Arabia, Czech Republic, 

Dubai, Egypt, Poland, Morocco, Algeria, 

England, Germany, Russia, 

Malawi, Holland and Rumania 

are our major export markets. 

What do you want to add 

more? 

We will be in Poznan 

Furnica 2017 fair as 

participant that will 

be held from 12th to 

15th September. We 

invite all our buyers and 

visitors. 

Will you mention about the 

products that you will exhibit in 

Interzum Cologne Fair? 

We want to exhibit some of our 

products including hard felt, thermo-bond 

felt, padded felt, wool 

and cotton pads. Besides, several 

pilot and sample products to meet 

the changing needs of our customers 

will be there in the fair. These 

may also be sent to our prospective 

customers by cargo services 

after the show.

106 

Production speeds up 

with interchangeable 

zipper 

Feryal aims to impress visitors with 

interchangeable zippers to be displayed in 

Interzum Cologne. 

We have been informed by Ali 

Mustafa Tuncel, export specialist 

of Feryal Export, about a special 

interchangeable zipper that solves 

the problem of matching for producers 

and have made them more 

productive. Our interview with 

Tuncel follows: 


establishment, development and 

corporate structure of your company? 

Entered in zipper business in 

1994, Feryal Fermuar is now one 

of the major companies in its field. 

Having 15 million meters of annual 

production capacity in its factory 

of 3000 thousand sqm covered 

area and equipped with modern 

machinery and a labor force of 50 

now looks for the future. 

Can you detail us your product 

portfolio? Which sectors have you 

been operating in? 

Our products are mostly used 

in the production of mattresses, 

mattress covers, home textiles, 

furniture and footwear industries. 

Can you inform us about your R&D 

studies? What are your main principles 

at production process? 

Every stage of production is 

carried out up to the international 

norms and standards. Paints are 

made by high-pressure systems. 

Our products are made of AZO 

free paints. 

Ali Mustafa Tuncel, 

Export Specialist of Feryal

107 

makes the production process more productive and more qualified. It 

also may shorten the production cycles. Needs of our customers comes 

first in our firm. 

What do you expect for your sector in 2017? 

As the sector, our policy for the year 2017 we want to open up in export 

markets more and to grow more. Our aim is to serve and to add value 

to our country and its economy. 

Do you have any quality certificates, 

quality management 

system applied on your production? 

What makes you different 

from your competitors? 

The main reasons that our 

customers prefer our products 

mainly are that we deliver fast, 

employ expert personnel and 

shorter lead times. Besides 

our company has Oeko-Tex 

standard 100 and TS EN 16372 

(TSE) quality certificates and 

a member of apparel suppliers 

association. 

Can you talk about your foreign 

tade? Which countries do you do 

business with? 

We export directly 40 % of our 

production to fifteen countries. 

In order to expand our customer 

bases we participate in several 

fairs held in abroad. 

How many times have you been 

attending Interzum Koln? Can 

you talk about the products you 

will display at the fair? 

We will participate for the second 

time in Interzum this year. 

We plan to introduce mainly our 

new interchangeable zippers 

that address mainly to export 

markets. As a special product it 

solves the problems related with 

matching the sides and thus

108 

Verra maintains its 

power in African and 

Arabian countries 

Focused on exports 

Verra Foreign 

Trade, raises its 

targets through 

Interzum Cologne 

Fair 

We talked to Abdullah Umit 

Candan of Verra foreign trade 

firm, on the eve of the fair, about 

his firm and their preparations for 

the fair event. 

Firstly, may we know about you 

and your company? 

Having a strong infrastructure in 

the sector, Verra has been active 

in business that is supplying 

mattress components for mattress 

manufacturers in abroad. We 

supply all material needed in 

the production of mattress. We 

are mainly a service company, 

not only a seller. We provide 

either products or machinery and 

Abdullah Ümit Canan 

consulting services to the people 

who need them for mattress 

production. 

As a direct seller in which 

countries do you have contacts? 

We have no sales aiming domestic 

market, because we are 

an export company. African and 

Arabian countries are our major 

markets. Last year we started to 

open up in South American and 

European markets. Lastly, we 

opened an office in America. We 

target to grow in south American 

and European markets.

109 

With which products are you going 

to Interzum Cologne fair? What is 

your view on German market? 

I have been participating in 

Interzum since 2007. I went there 

with several fairs and with several 

concepts. As Verra foreign 

trade this is our third year. We 

will exhibit bed covers and components 

that reflect our concept 

in the fair. We will be hosting our 

visitors at our stand at 11.2 Hall, 

booth no. M038 and M039 in the 

exhibition. 

We could not get so further 

with our mattress components 

in Germany, however as for the 

bed covers and machinery our 

position is improving. Interzum 

fair is not limited by the German 

market. There will be visitors 

and buyers from Africa, America 

and other parts of the Europe. I 

believe that it will be an efficient 

and productive event. 

What are the trends in demand 

for raw materials for mattress 

industries? 

In my view, mattress market 

behaves in line with fashion as 

it was in the apparel businesses. 

Ten years ago, new foam technologies 

such as visco and memory 

foam were on the agenda, 

besides comfort issues. In line 

with growing of mattress fabrics 

producers, bedding industry 

moved towards fashion issues. 

For example, fabric producers 

have been launching new concept 

in fairs each year, such as 

anti-bacterial, stress free, tesla 

and other optional choices. When 

design became a major issue 

other components of mattresses 

begin to change. Let’s say, aleo 

vera extract is used in mattress 

fabrics, so the green color of aleo 

vera, which symbolizes nature, 

gains dominance in other parts 

and components of mattresses, 

capsules become smaller, 

form changes and new concepts 

emerges.

110 

For making innovations you have 

to be innovative, so we consider 

to focus on this matter. We watch 

trends in the world. Trends that 

run decade ago in Europe may 

become a new trend in Africa. For 

this reason, we try to produce 

both conventional and trendy 

products. We are in close communication 

with our buyers and 

consult them about what can be 

done for their needs. Sometimes 

our customers bring new ideas to 

produce new products. 

We completed the first quarter of 

the year. What are your projections 

for the rest of the year? 

The year 2016 was a hard period 

for the industry and export performance 

of our country. At the 

beginning of 2017 the outlook 

was rather better. I think that we 

have managed to overcome the 

crises and 2017 will run faster. 

There are conflicting views in 

the sector. Some move towards 

producing natural products, some 

emphasize on the production of 

foam, wool or spring type mattresses. 

At the end, the industry 

grows. 

As Verra we want to grow in 

abroad by establishing distribution 

network. To this end, we 

aim to markets an Europe, South 

America, Africa and Middle East. 

After our participation in Interzum 

Fair that is an important opportunity 

for us to grow, we plan to 

participate in Sleep Well Expo. 

Any additional comments? 

I always try to give this message, 

it is a shame for our industry to 

spend high amount of money for 

Interzum event, because we can 

do the same in Turkey at reasonable 

costs. I want to make 

Turkey more powerful player in the 

world. For this reason, Sleep Well 

magazine and Sleep Well Expo fair 

should become more efficient. We 

are ready to do what can we do.

112 

“We manufacture products 

which can attain the future” 

Duygu Gunaydin 


Bedcovers General Manager 

Duygu Gunaydin stated that the 

machine parks used in the plant 

are successful worldwide and that 

they have a system which produces 

their own technology when 

necessary. 


organization, development and 

institutional structure of the firm? 

“Bed Covers is a long-established 

company founded in 1995 in 

Ankara. We have been constantly 

renewing ourselves since the 

year it was established. We are a 

company which can serve the world 

at first when it is a smaller local 

business. Although it seems like a 

very long time, it is a good process 

for us to look at the successes 

achieved. There is a long staircase 

that exists in the future, as long 

as we are in the production world, 

there will always be a change as 

we said. We will work for days 

when we will achieve success 

worldwide.” 

Could you tell us about your R 

& D work? What are the special 

considerations in production? 

“After we have defined our concept 

as a team, we are starting to work 

on R-D and try to manufacture 

products that will attain the future 

as more and more of our end-users 

demand. After completing their 

R-D work, they complete their 

design in reality, which can be in 

our design team and departmental 

mastery, and then take production

113 

With 65% annual 

export growth, Bed 

Covers expands the 

target in 2017. 

after planning and completing their 

production / daily capacities. There 

are many things that can happen 

during production. The work necessary 

to reduce this kind of trouble 

to the maximum is completed. And 

most importantly, the finished products 

go through the quality control 

gauges and meet the consumer.” 

Do you have a quality certificate, 

do you have a quality system in 

production? What areas do you 

notice your competition? 

“The firms that we supply raw 

materials are firms that are specialized 

in their own fields, which 

are quality certificates, and have 

registered their qualifications. The 

machine we use in the plant has a 

system that produces world-wide 

success and produces its own technology 

when necessary. We are being 

meticulous in these matters and 

we prefer to be preferred in terms 

of the things we pay attention to 

in production. Our most important 

mission is trust, diligence and perseverance, 

so we are preferred.” 

Are you talking about your foreign trade? Which countries do you work 

with? 

“As foreign trade we are working with many countries. In general, there is 

an annual increase of 65%. This positive upside also gives confidence to 

other countries. 

We export to Germany, Hungary, the Netherlands, Switzerland, Tunisia, 

Kazakhstan and Italy.” 

What are your expectations for the sector in 2017? 

“We are expecting that we can develop more economically in Turkey in 

2017, and have the same development in exports.

114 

Form Foam: 

No limits in exports 

Selling to 53 

countries as of 

2017, Form Sunger 

(Foam) raises 

targets to sell in 

more countries 

General manager of Form Sunger 

Mehmet Ali Yoruk told us about 

the characteristics of most preferred 

foams in the mattress 

industry and the activities of his 

company. He said visco elastic 

and high resilience type of foams 

are the most demanded types. 

May we have brief info 

about the company? 

Started with an aim 

to meet needs of other 

companies in the group 

in 2002 as an investment 

of Boydak Holding in chemicals industry, 

the company has now two 

major factories to produce quality 

products sold at competitive 

prices to a wide range of buyers 

network both in the country and 

in abroad. Second factory was 

established in Incesu, Kayseri 

in 2015. Our firm employs more 

than 400 people and is able to 

produce 7 thousand cubic meters 

of foam per day as the biggest 

producer in Turkey. Besides, we 

can also produce 3,500 pillows 

daily.

115 

Ali Yoruk, 

General Manager of Form Foam 

What are the specialties and the 

machine inventory of the factory? 

Both factories are built on 227 

thousand sqm land and have 

81 thousand sqm covered area. 

Aiming to produce the highest 

quality foams we have the most 

popular machineries in the factory 

for several processes such as 

production, cutting, forming, and 

all other materials, raw materials,

116 

papers and packaging materials 

are supplied by the firms having 

the highest qualities. 

Your company is a member of 

Europur, the European association 

of foam producers, and you are the 

chairman of this association. Will 

you give info about the activities 

of it? 

The association you mentioned is 

for the better coordination among 

the block foam producers, EU, media, 

consumers, suppliers of raw 

materials and machinery. Europur 

also contributes to the efforts to 

establish standards for polyurethane 

industry and is active in the 

development of safe production 

techniques for both human health 

and environmental protection. 

What are your sales targets in 

export markets for 2017, and 

target markets? 

Our export department was established 

in 2013. At the beginning 

targeted countries was rather 

limited in number, 10 to 12. As of 

2017 we reach to 53 countries. 

Our aim in coming years is to 

expand them more and to produce 

more value for the national 

economy. We targeted to sell our 

products in every country and every 

market that we can reach up.

117 

In terms of popularity, trends and 

ergonomic points, what are the 

specs of the most preferred foam 

type? 

Stress and energy that are accumulated 

as a result of high pace 

in the work places and in daily 

lives can only be moderated with 

a complete and efficient sleep. 

Thus, the most preferred foams 

are that, they have to cover 

wholly the body, to distribute 

the pressure evenly. The high 

resilience foams and visco elastic 

foams are the best type to meet 

these requirements of effect and 

response principles. Visco foams 

minimize the involuntary movements 

during sleep by balancing 

the pressure and becoming a 

strain gauge. High resilience 

foams on the other hand applies 

the same pressure to every 

part of the body as effect and 

response principle. This makes 

sleep experience for the people 

more comfortable, efficient and 

fully satisfied.

118 

Nerteks adds value on 

production 

Nertks has been in close cooperation 

especially with duvet, bed 

set and furniture manufacturers 

to offer them maximum productivity 

and best sewing quality. 

Muhammet Saim Erdogan, proprietor 

of Nerteks mentioned the 

international supply power of the 

company and commented about 

Interzum Cologne fair. 

“Nerteks offers industrial yarn 

and thread for every high speed 

sewing operations in bedding, 

mattress and furniture plants. 

Our company produces an extensive 

variety of threads in a wide 

range of thread types and colors 

to create right solutions for all 

production stages such as quilting 

(top and bottom threads), tape 

edge, lock-stitch, furniture upholstery 

and decorative sewing. 

Our superior quality products are 

developed in close collaboration 

with leading bedding, mattress 

and furniture manufacturers.” 

Please furnish us with information 

about establishment, development 

and corporation model of 

your company.

119 

Established as a 

family business to 

produce industrial 

yarns and textile 

sub-components, 

Nerteks forces 

boundaries 

through newest 

and most quality 

products achieved 

with innovative 

investments 

Nerteks is one of the leading 

industrial thread manufacturers in 

Istanbul, Turkey. In 1969, Nerteks 

was established as a family company 

to provide industrial yarns, 

threads and textile sub-products. 

With 18 years experience in production, 

we develop new products 

and produce high quality threads 

in our manufacturing plant which 

has 12.000 m² closed production 

area. Our environmental friendly 

factory is located 40 miles from 

Istanbul and equipped with the 

latest technology. 

I wish to specially mention that we 

are a costumer-oriented company 

has strong relationship with costumers 

based on trust and certainty. 

To solve problems and add 

values, we always aim to understand 

the needs of our customers. 

Our business relationships and 

fast moving industry keep us motivated 

and maintain doing new 

researches and developments for 

our production. We push limits to 

serve the latest and the best quality 

goods with our investments in 

innovation. 

We believe the reason makes us 

one of the leading thread manufacturers 

is being aware of that 

we are responsible to our costumers, 

our people (employees),

120 

our society and the nature. Now, we are 

proud of announcing that Nerteks Iplik is an 

international company supplying industrial 

threads to whole world from Europe to Africa 

and from Asia to America. 

What does Nerteks produce for mattress and 

furniture industries? 

Nerteks provides an extensive variety of 

threads used during all sewing operations 

in mattress, bed and furniture manufacturing. 

We produce our goods in a wide 

range of thread types and colors to create 

solutions for your all production stages 

such as quilting (top and bottom threads), 

tape edge, lock-stitch, furniture upholstery 

and decorative sewing. Our products are 

specifically enhanced in close collaboration 

with mattress, bedding and furniture producers 

to deliver maximum productivity and 

the best quality of seams in the finished 

product. 

OUR MAIN PRODUCTS: 

• Continious Filament Polyester Sewing 

Thread (HOT) 

• Textured Polyester Sewing Thread 

(NERTEX) 

• Cocoon Bobbins (NERKOZA) 

• Polyester Corespun with Polyester 

Wrap (POLY MAX ) 

• Staple Spun Polyester Sewing 

Thread (MASTER, SPRING ) 

• Polyester Corespun with Cotton 

Wrap (JOKER ) 

• Mercerised Cotton Sewing Thread 

(ON) 

• Cotton Sewing Thread (MISRA) 

• Stretch Sewing Thread (NERFLEX) 

• Monofilament Nylon Thread (NER- 

LON)

121 

How do you develop the yarns 

used in the mattress and furniture 

production? 

Choosing the correct thread for 

high speed machine is important 

to achieve maximum performance 

in production. To meet specific 

demands about targeting most 

efficient production and delivering 

maximum performance by 

machines, our superior quality 

products are engineered in 

collaboration with leading manufacturers 

in industry. Nerteks, 

with a professional team, offers 

an extensive variety of threads 

depends on your machine needs. 

We find solutions for the problems 

encountered in bed, quilting and 

furniture manufacturing. 

What are your comments on 

Interzum Cologne fair? 

As a regular visitor of Interzum 

trade fairs, we know that Interzum 

is the world’s leading ‘one-stop’ 

trading platform for furniture production 

and interior design. This 

year we joined Interzum Guangzhou 

and had a successful exhibition. 

It is so pleasing to meet and 

have a conversation with opinion 

leaders and decision makers from 

all over the world. We are glad 

of having a chance to present our 

products enhanced for furniture 

and mattress manufacturing industry 

and also to follow the latest 

technologies, developments in 

global market. 

We are proud to announce that 

we are an exhibitor in Interzum 

Cologne, too. We are so excite 

about meeting all people at 

booth F013 in hall 10.1.

122 

Gizgrup meets every 

need in bedding 

accessories 

Gizteks emerges in 

booming mattress 

industry with 

its Gizplast and 

Gizprinting brands 

by offering variety 

of products 

We made an interview with Eser 

Karakaslar, a partner of the firm 

and Ersen Firtina, export manager 

to talk about Gizgrup story while 

preparing to exhibit wide range 

of products in Interzum Cologne 

Fair. Assessing the Interzum fair 

as a productive platform that 

get together firms coming from 

different markets, Firtina said that 

they were going to introduce their 

products, catalogues and product 

samples in the fair. 

Will you mention about the 

structure of the firm and its 

development? 

Eser Karakaslar: We offer accessories 

aiming mattress manufacturers 

such as mattress ribbons, air 

capsules, carrying handles, and 

labels. We do not sell imported 

materials, we produce them in the 

country at our own factory. Large 

range of our products are our 

powerful side.

123 

We have three brand names under 

Gizgrup name, Gizteks, Gizplast 

and Gizprinting. Gizteks produces 

mattress bands, knitted bands, 

narrow woven bands. Gizplast 

is for plastic products including 

mattress air capsules, base corner 

protectors, etc. Gizpinting produces 

labels for mattresses as saten 

stickers, embroidered varieties. 

Which points are important in the 

production? 

We produce variety of products 

for mattress producers. Woven, 

metal, printing and plastics are 

our production lines. We met 

several needs of manufacturers. 

Since we produce these products 

at our factory we have a real cost 

advantage over competitors. 

Ersen Firtina 

Eser Karakaslar 

Which products do you put forward 

in Interzum Cologne? 

Ersan Firtina: We introduce our 

products besides catalogues and 

product sample sheets during 

the fair. We are participating in 

the fair for the fourth time which 

has satisfied our expectations. It 

was very fruitful for us because 

we met there with buyers from 

different countries. The fair grows 

continuously and expand its visitor 

profile. So, we are hopeful about 

the results this year as well. 

Let’s talk about your foreign 

trade… With which countries do 

you have contacts? 

Ersen Firtina: Two people are 

employed in foreign trade department. 

We address to different 

markets with different languages. 

They work hard. Interzum means 

a good facility for us. We can find 

and talk many potential customers 

at one stop. 

Is there any point you want to 

add? 

Ersen Firtina: Mattress industry 

grows both in Turkey and in 

the world. Furniture companies 

started to produce mattresses. 

Share of Turkey’s in the world is 

growing. Though the transport of 

the products is costly due to their 

sizes, we got many miles in this 

way. The industry renews itself 

and develops continuously. Most 

of the factories keep investing. 

Once they were producing a few 

number of variety, now they have 

up to 25 mattress models in their 

product portfolio. These are good. 

We wish to have more.

124 

Good 

Morning! 

Sleep product buyers will wake up in 

Istanbul in the morning of October 2017! As 

the only show covering all segments of the 

sleep products industry, from raw materials 

and technologies to finished products, 4th 

International Sleepwell Expo Istanbul will 

stimulate the trade in the sector for the fourth 

time.

125

126

127 

From raw materials to the finished 

mattresses, including the 

supply industry, components, 

machinery and technology SLEEP- 

WELL EXPO Istanbul is the event 

showing all segments of the 

sleep products industry. 

To be held in Istanbul Expo 

Center, 19-22 October 2017, the 

next edition of Sleepwell Expo - 

Mattress and Technologies Fair, 

which is the first and only fair in 

Turkey in its field, will host the 

sector for the fourth time this 

year. Having a sharp rising trend 

in its three-year history, the 

2016 edition of the show had 

recorded a drop due to the unsuccessful 

coup attempt. Still the 

show had hosted 76 exhibitors 

who had welcomed some 4,200 

professional visitors. 

Turkey’s mattress industry has 

been going through major changes 

leaving many less-developed 

stages behind. Almost all kinds 

of modern mattresses are either 

manufactured or represented in 

Turkey. 

Sleepwell Expo represents a 

wide range of portfolio including 

the latest products of mattress 

manufacturers, pillow manufacturers, 

comforter and other sleep 

product manufacturers, exporters 

and dealers. They were mainly 

mattress exporters and importers, 

bedding manufacturers, home 

textile manufacturers, coverlet 

manufacturers, equipment firms, 

distributors, agents, chain store 

purchasing authorities, local furniture 

stores, professional import 

and export firms, designers, hotel 

purchasing managers, interior 

design firms, experts of the 

private sector, mattress industry 

buyers and trade press portals…

128 

In short, all members of the 

industry come together at the 

Sleepwell Expo-Mattress and 

Technologies Fair. 

Running towards its major 

targets of 2023 set by the 

government, Turkey continues 

to pursue its development 

worldwide with its rapidly 

increasing population, advantageous 

geography, and 

contribution of exports by its 

advantageous geography. One 

of the most important sectors 

in Turkey, without any doubt, is 

the mattress industry, mattress 

machinery and components industry. 

Developments, innovations 

and example solidarity of 

the sector which has been performed 

in the mattress sector in 

recent years, have become the 

factors which affect the sleep 

products sector positively. With 

the same token, many positive 

economic indications which 

have been performed on behalf 

of the country and the sector 

in recent years, many regulations 

and directives made 

for the business volume and 

the mattress sector which has 

grown depending on the flow 

of foreign investments, indicate 

the importance of the SLEEP- 

WELL Fair. The mattress main 

sector, sub-industry, machinery 

and equipment fair, which has 

been awaited for a long time 

by all sleep products industry 

professionals, will successfully 

be held for the 4th time in 

Istanbul Fair Center, which is 

located opposite of the Ataturk 

International Airport. 

THE SLEEP ZONE 

A special trend and testing 

area will be dedicated again

129 

in the main foyer of the fairground 

namely THE SLEEP ZONE where 

latest mattresses of 20 manufacturers 

will be displayed for 

the testing of professionals and 

consumers and to showcase the 

latest trends in the industry. This 

part had attracted a great deal of 

interest during last edition by the 

visitors as well as by the exhibitors. 

The mattress industry in Turkey 

has reached the sales figures of 

over 4 million in the local market 

in 2014. 95 percent of the 

market has been consisted of 

spring mattresses and remaining 

5 percent of foam mattresses. The 

size of the market is very close to 

TL 1 billion and the growth rate is 

7%. 10 thousand mattresses of 

Turkey’s total 20 thousand daily 

are produced in Kayseri which is 

followed by Istanbul and Izmir. 

There are more than 400 manufacturers 

in Kayseri. The production 

capacity of these firms approaches 

to 2.7 million. Kayseri holds the 

half of the total production with 

2.5 million mattresses. The share 

of the sector in the foreign market 

is over 100 million dollars. Kayseri 

performs more than half of the 

total export value. The mattresses, 

which are produced in Kayseri, are 

exported mainly to France, Germany 

and The Netherlands and other 

European countries and the different 

countries of the Middle East.

130 

Representatives of the industry 

express that the trends that 

are seeking healthier, more 

comfortable sleep environments, 

play an important role 

in growth. According to the 

industry representatives the 3 

million of the 4 million mattresses 

sold, have been sold 

to the individual consumers, 1 

million to the institutions such 

as hotels, dorms and hospitals. 

There are around one thousand 

hotels which are under construction 

with 800 thousand-bed 

capacity in the country and 

the private sector hospital 

investments are accepted as an 

indicator that the growth in the 

industry will be continuous. 

According to the info released 

by the Ministry of Health, 90 

thousand of the bed capacity of 

the total 130 thousand at the 

hospitals will be changed and 

improved to advanced technology 

in a four-year period. All of 

these made SLEEPWELL EXPO 

more important and it seems 

that the future editions of the 

show will gain more ground. 

The truest venue for the sector! 

The firms, which deal with 

mattress main and supplier 

industry, machinery and equipment, 

visit the fair by coming 

from both Turkey and surrounding 

countries in order to boost 

their production efficiency and 

competition. 

Opportunities to negotiate 

with the top level managers! 

Mostly as the top-level managers 

and company owners, the

131 

professional visitors come to 

Sleep Well Expo Fair to contract 

business agreements. Majority 

of the fair visitors consists of 

top-level officials, general managers, 

assistant general managers, 

purchasing and finance 

managers of producer firms that 

want to get information about 

the new technologies, products 

and services. 

Enlarge your connecting network 

for more business agreements! 

You have the chance to meet 

with the sector officials who 

come from the Middle Eastern 

countries, European countries, 

China, the USA, Russia and 

Turkic Republics and many 

surrounding countries. Sleep 

Well Expo Fair constitutes an 

excellent platform between 

exhibitors to set new business 

connections as well as letting 

exhibitors meet with target 

audience of visitors. 

TESTIMONIALS… 

We conducted a survey about 

what the exhibitors say 

about the show. Over 90% 

expressed their satisfaction 

and they highlighted their 

expectation that the fair will 

grow very fast to be one of 

the world fairs in the industry. 

The survey follows:

132 

Boyteks 

Mustafa Yildirim 


First of all we wish that the fair is to 

be beneficial for all parties. We are 

experiencing a fruitful event. We 

thank to the organizing firm, Voli 

Fairs Organization, and its staff who 

work hard to serve us, the participants. 

Wish them to be more successful 

in the next editions of the fair. 

At the beginning we consider that it 

may be poorer than before due to the 

problems of recent developments in 

the country. However, we experienced 

the opposite. We saw serious 

number of visitors coming from 

both Middle East and from Europe. 

It seems that the year 2017 may be 

harder. But, the mattress industry is 

durable to short term crises because 

mattress is a basic need for humans. 

We completed our investments that 

we planned for the year 2016. We 

hope that the year 2017 will be a 

better year for our industry. Again 

we thank you all for your services 

and hospitality. 

Boycelik 

Feridun Tosun 

Export Manager 

We are so happy with the fair. I can 

proudly say that we, as Boycelik, 

have been a part of it since 2014. 

First days of the fairs are important. 

At the first day of the fair we had 

talks with about 40 companies, 15 

of them are new for us. We have visitors 

from several countries of the 

world especially both from Europe 

and Middle East. We divided 

our customer profile into two. One 

group is present customers and who 

put orders during fair. The second 

group is new ones. Any company 

who wants to produce mattress is 

able to find what it needs for production 

from still wires up to machinery. 

Our satisfaction about this fair 

is paramount and eager to support 

it for next editions with all what we 

can do. We believe that both visitors 

and companies in the Sleepwell 

Expo fair will continue to grow in 

the years ahead. I think that this fair 

will be a real competition for Interzum 

in about five years.

133 

Form Sunger 

Arif Emre Olmeztoprak 

Sales & Marketing Manager 

The fair was good for us. There 

were more visitors on the 

second and third day of the 

show. We observed stagnancy 

in general. I believe this had several 

reasons. The event brought 

professionals of the sector 

together. To me, this was the 

most important feature of the 

fair. 

Giz Group 

Eser Karakaslar 

Board Member 

Sleepwell Expo is now being 

organized for the third time. I 

know that this fair is a valuable 

event, because it is the first in 

its field. There is no other fair, 

addressing exactly to our needs. 

It is the most efficient fair 

for us, the mattress producers, 

because it focuses on only mattress 

industry. We have been 

participating in the fair for three 

years and we will participate 

in the future. I thank you all 

the people for every thing you 

provided. 

Ergofoam 

Malik Enes Huroglu 

Domestic and Export Specialist 

Manager 

We are the first and the only 

supplier of gelled products that 

can be applied to all models and 

quality levels. Gel products attract 

the interest of the visitors 

as well. Customers could find 

us here in the fair. This year 

the fair has started fast. There 

is growing number of foreign 

visitors. We have been deals 

with customers in 13 countries. 

America is our target market 

for this fair. By now, the fair runs 

well and we are happy with results. 

Due to recent problems 

in the world and in Turkey in 

terms of economic, political 

and psychological fields, there 

is less participation in the fair 

than the year before. However, 

it will be higher next year..

134 

Gunteks 

Mehmet Erdem Kurt 

Export Manager 

In general, the fair is better than 

we expected. The organization 

is growing year after year. Despite 

all the problems that have 

been experiencing recently as 

a whole nation there are more 

qualified visitors in the fair. 

They came from Europe, North 

Africa and other regions. We 

establish new business contacts 

and met with new buyers 

and customers. The fair will be 

more effective in its next editions. 

Thanks for everybody. 

Kirayteks 

Onur Kirayoglu 

Board Member 

We are one of the companies 

who participated in the first 

edition of this fair. We have high 

hopes about this event. Second 

edition of it was better than the 

first. Some of the effects caused 

by global economic and political 

and economic outlook in the 

country were felt this year. This 

was also true in all fairs that we 

visited. However, visitors were 

more professional than before. 

There seems to be more active 

by the weekend. It will be good, 

I hope. Since the Sleepwell is 

the first and only fair, it will 

keep its growth in next years. 

More promotion and more participants 

are always needed. 

Innova Bedding 

Onder Honi 

Owner 

We are here this year as well. 

This is my third presence in this 

fair. I witness a growing interest 

and recognition in the fair year 

after year. Not much visitor 

loss is experienced despite all 

adverse developments in and 

out of the country. Mattress industry 

in Turkey has a long way 

to go. I personally relate the potential 

in the sector to several 

authorities at every occasion. I 

want to be active in the efforts 

to divide the mattress industry 

from furniture sector. The future 

of mattress industry is bright. 

I thank you all of you and 

for all your efforts.

135 

Kucukler Textile 

Hasan Kucuk 

Board Chairman 

The fair that we participate in for the second time as Comfytex, was 

good this year. Visitor numbers, especially those who came from abroad 

were higher than our expectations. There were visitors from almost 

every country, actually from 20 countries in the fair. Last year the fair 

was more crowded. The reason is that the events that we have been experiencing 

nationally may cause this. We are happy and satisfied with 

the fair. Next year we also be here. We participated in Intermob fair this 

year. But, I already informed the organizers of Intermob that I will not 

participate in their fair. This (Sleepwell Expo) is our event, because we 

target more business in export markets. This fair serves this exactly. 

Is a good opportunity for us. I thank all other participants and all the 

people who put their efforts in. 

Nertex 

Said Erdogan 


Really qualified and professional 

people came to the fair. We 

have done good talks and deals 

with them. We will participate 

next year as well. It is good 

that the event is special for only 

mattress industry. Customers 

in the fair were also happy 

about this positioning. 

I thank all the people. 

Mert Makine 

Mustafa Nabi Dogan 

Member of the Board 

Held as the third edition this 

year, the number of visitors 

and participation to the fair is 

growing steadily. Productivity 

of the customers is more important 

for us than the number 

of customers. In this regard the 

fair runs very well and very 

productive. Number of companies 

and visitors are good. 

Visitor interests are high and 

we are happy for this. There 

are fairs in America and in Germany 

attracting great number 

of visitors. We also have to improve 

the number of visitors 

up to the levels of fairs held in 

abroad. Fair in Germany have 

been held since 1930, a deep-rooted 

event. We are happy 

that we now are comparing 

the Sleepwell Expo with these 

famous fairs. Our’s is only three 

years old, however, it has 

great potential for the coming 

years. It will be the best fair 

in its field. I hope that every 

one investing in this fair will 

be profitable and beneficial. 

Thanks for everybody for their 

contributions.

136 

Milkay 

Oguz Ozev 

Sales Manager 

The fair is magnificent, as a result 

of the efforts of the organization 

staff as it was in last year. 

We invited all our customers to 

visit the fair. We all have managed 

it successfully. The first 

fair on mattresses Sleepwell, 

though it was three years old, 

is so successful. This makes 

up hopeful for the future. We, 

the Turks can manage it. We 

make this the only fair an international 

event. Having it be 

enlarged and reaching to more 

companies in the future requires 

some more time and efforts. 

We want to do more. We want 

to attract more visitors from 

foreign countries. The interest 

that mattress-manufacturing 

companies have shown to the 

fair is rising higher and higher. 

This will be a major motive for 

both fair organization and for 

companies. We are happy more 

this year, because the profile of 

visitors is expanding to cover 

new segments. Thank you all 

for everything. 

Mitsan 

Mustafa Cetinbulut 

Board Member 

We have had some reservations 

due to the recent events. 

There may be fewer visitors. 

But, fortunately, we experienced 

the opposite. There were 

fewer numbers from domestic 

market but more visitors especially 

from foreign countries. It 

seems that there is a need for 

more promotional activity to 

attract national visitors. Hope 

that next year they will be 

more. It was good to meet with 

new names in the industry. 

We expect more business with 

them. I thank you all who serve 

in the event. 

Nova Foam and Spring 

Mustafa Taka 

Board Chairman 

We participate in Sleepwell 

Expo for the second time. This 

edition was also highly efficient 

and effective for us. We met 

with new customers from 35 

countries. We established fruitful 

contacts. We have experienced 

a fair full of hopes. There 

were more new participants in 

the fair area. We are also happy 

that almost all our customers 

and the people to whom we 

sent invitations to the fair accepted 

and were present in the 

fair. We talked with them about 

our present business plans. We 

are hopeful for the success of 

the fair. We thank you all for 

everything.

137 

Ozka Machinery 

Esra Ozkan 

Assistant General Manager 

We have been making machines 

for the sleep industry including 

the ones for pillow and filling, 

machines for silicon openers, 

and silicon beads and bag filling 

machinery, since 2003. Besides 

these, I own a private workshop 

where we do works on 

pillows. This is our second time 

in this fair. This year was better 

then the first experience and 

we satisfied more. There are 

lots of sales and orders during 

fair. There were great interest 

from foreign customers coming 

from Arab countries, including 

Egypt, Palestine and Morocco. I 

thank you for all. 

Sefox 

Ramazan Celik 

Owner 

We wish all the best for our fair 

and for our country. Developments 

are good and fast. We 

are honored to be here. There 

is enough participation from 

abroad. It is a good opportunity 

for the expansion of the market. 

The mattress market is still 

growing and demand for high 

quality mattresses is rising. Our 

country is located in a strategic 

spot in the world and has major 

share in the international market. 

Focusing on a specific field 

is one of the major advantages 

of the fair. Also, participants in 

the fair have professional approach 

to mattress business. 

Our partners and others in the 

industry visit to other fairs and 

they express their problems finding 

a suitable position for their 

products in general purpose 

fairs. In short, Sleepwell Expo 

will be highly beneficial for the 

mattress industry. 

Pakipek Group 

Ugur Bukumcu 

Board Member 

We participated in the fair jointly 

with Pakipek Textile as 

Rahat Yaslan brand, as one of 

the oldest firms in Bursa. We 

started recently to sell pillows 

in our two stores in Bursa and 

online channel. We try to expand 

our brand. The fair was 

successful for us. We met with 

new buyers. We like the profile 

of buyers and visitors. We plan 

to be here next year. We hope 

that other companies are also 

satisfied. We thank for all the 

things you done. 

Tugsan 

Fatih Genc 

Board Member 

Tugsan Materials Company is a 

family business established in 

1992 to produce fabrics, hardware 

tools and materials for 

the furniture industry. This is 

our first participation in Sleepwell 

Expo. There are high 

numbers of visitors from both 

domestic and especially from 

foreign markets. It means higher 

contribution to the national 

economy. We are also happy to 

be a part of these contributions. 

We will participate regularly in 

this fair in coming years. It is an 

effective and efficient fair. All 

players in the sector are convened 

in this event. We thank you 

and wish for the continuity of 

your efforts.

138 

interzum 

guangzhou 

2017 held 

with more 

exhibitors, 

larger area 

Spanning 17 

halls to cover an 

area of 150,000 

square meters, 

1,396 exhibiting 

companies gathered 

at this flagship event 

of the industry and 

made an excellent 

show to over 70,000 

professionals flew 

from all around the 

world. 

Asia’s largest and most comprehensive 

woodworking machinery, 

furniture production and interior 

decoration trade fair was held at 

the China Import and Export Fair 

(Pazhou) Complex located in the 

country’s southern manufacturing 

hub of Guangzhou. The event – 

the largest in its history – span 

150,000 square meters and also 

saw a 12 percent jump in the number 

of exhibitors to 1,396 companies 

from 38 countries and regions. 

Some of the industry heavyweights 

at the event included: 

IMA, SCM, Leuco, Vollmer, Homag, 

Biesse, Duerkopp, Leggett & Platt, 

Lianrou, Okin Refined, Dongtai, 

Repon, Titus, FGV, American Softwoods, 

Kleiberit, Bostik, Jowat, 

Bekaert Deslee, Boyteks Tekstil, 

Rehau, Schattdecor, Kastamonu, 

Huali. 

In addition, a number of international 

exhibitors made use of 

interzum guangzhou 2017 as their 

launchpad to debut in China: 

Coral, Schugoma, Woodtron, General 

Paint, IVM, T-Prin, Krauss, NDB 

Timber, Mammut, Veysel, Metal 

Matris, BKB Mobilya, Ozdemir, 

Komposan, Sugatsune, Joker Uno, 

Fine Induestries, Lignadecor. 

Nine national pavilions from 

Germany, Turkey, Korea, Chile, the 

United States / Canada as well 

as industry-driven contingents led 

by the Malaysian Timber Council, 

American Hardwood Export Council, 

Canada Wood and Swedish Wood 

were also making waves at this 

year’s edition with stronger contingents. 

Complementing the trade fair was 

a series of concurrent seminars 

spotlighting the latest trends in 

the industry such as the Global Color 

Trends Conference 2017/2018,

139 

as well as presentations centering 

new technologies and product 

applications, with the likes of 

the multiple purposes of Swedish 

Wood as a modern material and 

special edge banding products. 

Pulling all stops to engage exhibitors 

and visitors alike, other 

activities at the international halls 

also included a gift redemption 

program for visitors, Networking 

Happy Hour event, business matching, 

and a special display. 

Located at the entrance of Hall 

15.1, the display entitled “Unveiling 

– The Mysteries of Furniture 

Production” showcased innovative 

products and technologies of 

furniture production and told the 

story behind the development of 

the industry. 

Focusing on the premium custom 

cabinet category this year, the 

business matching event featured 

buyers from renowned domestic 

brands vifa Kitchen, OPPEIN,

140 

Wision and Wayes who will be 

meeting with some 20 suppliers 

from abroad to fulfill their sourcing 

needs. 

During the event, organizers 

Koelnmesse and the China Foreign 

Trade Center (Group) jointly 

announced the extension of their 

strategic partnership following the 

inking of a five-year agreement. 

Denis Steker, Koelnmesse GmbH’s 

vice president for international 

business expressed: “With the 

world leading trade fair interzum 

in Cologne, Koelnmesse confirms 

every two years impressively its 

global competence and relevance 

for the furniture supplies sector 

world wide. It was a logical step 

to export this format into the world 

largest furniture production hub – 

China’s Guangdong Province. With 

the strongest partner possible, the 

China Foreign Trade Centre Group, 

we are proud to present and to 

further grow and develop this interzum 

satellite event jointly. With

141 

a dedicated “Global Competence” 

strategy, Koelnmesse will enforce 

an even stronger link between the 

two events in Cologne and Guangzhou 

in future. It is our clear aim to 

provide the industry with the latest 

and most comprehensive innovations 

and technological trends 

around the world.” 

Being the only satellite event of 

interzum - the world’s top trade fair 

of its kind - CIFM / interzum guangzhou 

made its foray into China in 

2004 and has since been partnering 

with the China International 

Furniture Fair (CIFF) to become the 

flagship industry event in Asia. 

The next edition of this premium 

event will take place on the same 

dates, 28-31 March 2018.

142 

Lineer Makina signifies 

innovative solutions 

coupled with utmost 

expertise for the 

mattress industry 

We have recently 

interviewed Saffet 

Güngör of Lineer 

Makina. He has 

briefed information 

on the laborsaving 

and brand-new 

activities of the 

Company. 

Saffet Güngör said, “Lineer Makina- 

Lineer Machinery” has been 

operating in the field of mattress 

manufacturing and storage lines, 

foam cutting and packaging machinery, 

panel furniture machinery 

in particular. Our company has 

turned out to be the first one in 

Turkey which is able to manufacture 

fully automatic mattress storage 

and stockpiling machinery.” 

“The height of mattress storage 

and stockpiling can reach at 24 

Saffet Güngör and Ersin Güngör 

meter. By means of automation 

system, storage department 

does not need any operator, 

thereby increasing the productivity 

of the company.” 

Saffet Güngör pointed out, “We 

produce several machinery to reduce 

the number of labor needed 

in the manufacturing processes 

and aiming to increase the production 

capacities. We make the 

automation systems for these 

machinery. We can say that 

Lineer Makina is a good solution 

partner for our customers. One of 

the shelving automation projects 

is that we completed to one of 

our customers is a good example 

for this. Earlier 40 people and 

4 forklifts were working in this

143 

section. Thanks to our system, 

only two workers can manage the 

whole operations.” 

He added, “With barcode system 

we embedded in, products that 

will be delivered to a certain 

buyer can be transported and 

delivered to the buyer with robotic 

movements. We have other 

machinery for foam packing, foam 

vacuuming, both are approved by 

global standards for their authenticity.” 

“Lineer Makina is headed 

towards a future bright with 

new technology and innovation, 

where increas¬ing numbers of 

people will be able to enjoy the 

fruits of automation they deserve.”

144 

Reform Sunger 

distinguishes with 

licensed quality products 

The company also 

attracts interest with 

its environmental 

protection by 

recycling foams. 

We were informed 

by Huseyin 

Budak, chairman 

of Reform 

Sunger about 

the structure 

and activities of 

the company. 

Having daily 

capacity to 

process 8 tons 

of waste foam 

and 500 cubic 

meter foam cutting 

the company has the first 

recycling certificate in Turkey. 

Will you tell us about the 

foundation and 

structure of 

the company? 

Our company 

was established 

in 

2013 on 13.5 

thousand sqm 

land, of which 6.5 is 

closed, to produce bondex rebounded 

foam by recycling wasted 

foams for other manufacturers. 

What is in your product portfolio? 

In which industry do you operate? 

Our firm has machinery inventory 

to process 8 tons of waste and 

500 cubic meters cutting capacity 

per day. We supply to soft group 

(sitting group) and automotive 

industry. Besides we fill pillows 

for furniture companies in a range 

of 350 grams and 2,500 grams at 

every size.

145 

Do you have any certificate for 

quality and production process? 

What distinguishes your company 

from competition? 

We have the first recycling certificate 

in Turkey in foam recycling 

operations. We meet all requirements 

of the certificate both in and 

out of business. This differentiates 

us our quality from others. 

What are your expectations on 

behalf of the industry from 2017? 

The foam industry has been growing 

8.6 % annually on the average 

during the period between 

2000 and 2015 years, though it 

recessed 10 % in 2016. The year 

2017 was started with negative 

expectations; however, a tax 

reduction was put into effect with 

an aim to support sales in furniture 

industry. Value added taxes 

were down to 8 % from its earlier 

level of 18 %. In line with reduction, 

sales have grown at serious 

pace. Our expectation is that, the 

exempted tax reduction has to be 

valid all year long. 

What do want to add more? 

As of Reform Sunger, we can 

supply both materials and foam 

cutting services to our customers, 

to meet their needs exactly with 

right products cut at the right sizes 

and thicknesses.

146 

TDI, a problematic 

friend of foam 

manufacturers 

Short supplies of this key ingredient 

in polyurethane foam seem 

not to be easing soon. There are 

few manufacturers in the world 

and when they have self-problems 

they are reflected to users. 

As the main input of foam, Toluene 

Diisocyanate (TDI) is one of the 

basic chemical ingredients used in 

the manufacture of flexible polyurethane 

foam. TDI is the abbreviation 

for Toluene Di-Isocyanate, 

a mixture of toluene-2,4-diisocyanate 

and toluene-2,6-diisocyanate 

with the 2,4- isomer being 

the major component. 

TDI (Toluene 

dilsocyanate) is the 

vital raw material 

of mattress foam 

manufacturers 

but its availability 

and market and 

price stability are 

headaches for the 

manufacturers. 

Polyurethane chemistry was first 

studied and produced in Germany 

in 1937. Polyurethanes represent 

a family of polymers rather than a 

single polymer. Urethane polymers 

can be produced with a wide 

variety of properties, ranging 

from soft flexible foams and fibres 

through to hard solids so that 

they can be used in a diverse 

range of applications. The TDI is 

consumed in the chemical reaction 

that makes polyurethane and is 

not released from the finished 

polyurethane foam into the air. 

Flexible polyurethane foam is

147 

used in 

mattresses, 

furniture 

cushions and 

other common household 

applications. 

The development of elastic polyurethanes 

began as a program 

to find a replacement for rubber 

during the days of World War II. 

In 1940, the first polyurethane 

elastomers were produced. These 

compounds gave millable gums 

that could be used as an adequate 

alternative to rubber. When 

scientists found that polyurethanes 

could be made into fine 

threads, they were combined with 

nylon to make more lightweight 

and stretchable garments. 

Polyurethanes are linear polymers 

that have a molecular backbone 

containing carbamate groups 

(-NHCO2). These groups, called 

urethane, are produced through 

a chemical reaction between a 

diisocyanate and a polyol. Polyurethanes 

are some of the most 

versatile polymers. Despite these 

differing properties, the polymers 

have one common characteristic 

in that they all incorporate the 

urethane group (-NH-CO-O-) 

into their structure. However, 

the polymers differ from simple 

thermoplastic polymers, such as 

the polyolefins, in that they are 

not sold as ready-made polymers 

but as precursors that are mixed 

at the conversion stage. These 

precursors are commonly polyols 

(compounds containing multiple 

-OH groups) and diisocyanates 

(compounds containing -NCO 

groups). The primary reaction 

during the production of polyurethanes 

is of the form: -NCO + HO- 

→ -NH-CO-O- 

Polyurethane flexible foams can 

be used for a diverse range of 

applications including sofa, mattresses, 

furniture cushions, carpet 

underlay, padding for textile and 

footwear, and automotive seats. 

TDI is also used in the production 

of coatings, sealants and elastomers. 

Toluene Diisocyanate TDI 80-20 

is an aromatic isocyanate that is 

produced for reaction with polyols 

to form polyurethanes. It is widely 

used in the production of polyester-based 

soft foam, high-bearing 

sponges, semi-rigid ester foam, 

and paint. 

What does the presence of TDI 

antibodies mean? 

The presence of TDI antibodies 

does not necessarily indicate an 

adverse health effect, nor does it 

necessarily mean you have been 

exposed to TDI. The test for TDI 

antibodies is neither simple nor 

completely accurate. Some individuals 

test positive regardless of 

whether they have been exposed 

to TDI or not. Additional testing 

would be required to determine if 

the positive reading was actually 

the result of TDI exposure.

148 

Environmental implications 

TDI is a confirmed carcinogen. Its 

emission is closely monitored by 

the authorities. TDI tape detectors 

are installed around the factories 

it is produced. To minimize the 

emission of TDI, most of the process 

equipment is shielded. 

Like many reactive chemicals, “TDI 

products” can create hazards if 

handled carelessly. When used 

in accordance with current regulations 

and industry practices, TDI 

can be used safely. Engineering 

controls, personal protective 

equipment, and long-established 

workplace practices are widely 

used throughout the industry to 

protect workers and the public. 

Traditionally CFC (chlorinated fluorocarbons) 

based solvents were 

used as blowing agents. In the 

late 80’s, the ozone layer depletion 

effect of CFC based chemical 

was established. The use of CFC 

was gradually banned. Methylene 

chloride, which is inert to ozone, is 

used as a substitute for CFC. 

Lots of “offcuts” are generated in 

the foam cutting process. They are 

collected and sent to the associated 

recycle plant to produce a 

lower grade flexible foam. This 

type of foam is widely used in the 

production of carpet backings and 

packing materials. By this way the 

net amount of waste produced in 

the process can be minimized. 

TDI should only be handled by 

knowledgeable, well-trained 

personnel who thoroughly understand 

the hazards associated with

150 

the transportation, storage, and 

use of the chemical. Contaminated 

clothing must be washed before 

reuse. Severely contaminated 

clothing should be discarded. 

Contaminated footwear or leather 

gloves should never be reused. 

Eating and drinking should not be 

allowed where TDI is handled or 

stored. 

POLYOL in polymer chemistry used 

in mattresses 

The other reacting species required 

to produce polyurethanes 

are compounds that contain 

multiple alcohol groups (OH), 

called polyols. In polymer chemistry, 

polyols are compounds with 

multiple hydroxyl functional groups 

available for organic reactions. A 

molecule with two hydroxyl groups 

is a diol, one with three is a triol, 

one with four is a tetrol and so on. 

The polyols used in polyurethane 

production are predominantly 

hydroxy- polyethers, rather than 

hydroxy-polyesters. They are produced 

by alkoxylation. Depending 

on the degree of cross-linking 

required, the starting alcohols 

used for hydroxy-polyethers may 

be divalent glycols (ethylene, 

propylene and other glycols) or 

multivalent alcohols (e.g. glycerol, 

sucrose). The epoxides used are 

generally propylene oxide and 

ethylene oxide. 

Monomeric polyols such as glycerin, 

pentaerythritol, ethylene 

glycol and sucrose often serve as 

the starting point for polymeric 

polyols. These materials are often 

referred to as the “initiators” and 

reacted with propylene oxide 

or ethylene oxide to produce 

polymeric polyols. However, they 

should not be confused with 

free radical “initiators” used to 

promote other polymerization 

reactions. The functional group 

used as the starting point for a 

polymeric polyol need not be a 

hydroxyl group; there are a number 

of important polyols which are 

built up from amines. A primary 

amino group (-NH2) often functions 

as the starting point for two 

polymeric chains, especially in the 

case of polyether polyols. 

Polymeric polyols are generally 

used to produce other polymers. 

They are reacted with isocyanates 

to make polyurethanes used to 

make mattresses, foam insulation 

for appliances (refrigerators and 

freezers), home and automotive 

seats, elastomeric shoe soles, 

fibers (e.g. Spandex), and adhesives. 

Polymeric polyols are usually polyethers 

or polyesters. Polyether 

polyols are made by reacting 

epoxides like ethylene oxide or 

propylene oxide with the multifunctional 

initiator in the presence 

of a catalyst, often a strong base 

such as potassium hydroxide or 

a double metal cyanide catalyst 

such as zinc hexacyanocobaltate-t-butanol 

complex. Common 

polyether diols are polyethylene 

glycol, polypropylene glycol, and 

poly(tetramethylene ether) glycol. 

The examples shown below are 

fairly low molecular weight triols 

based on glycerin (a triol) being 

reacted with propylene oxide, 

ethylene oxide or a combination 

of the two. In reality, the chains 

would not be of equal length in 

any one molecule and there would 

be a distribution of molecular

152 

weight polyols within the material. 

Polyether polyols account for 

about 90% of the polymeric polyols 

used industrially; the balance 

is polyester polyols. 

As is the case for all foam manufacturers 

at almost all over the 

world Turkish foam manufacturers 

have also been suffering some 

supply problems of this main input 

of their manufacturing process. 

Price hikes are also a big problem 

for the industry. Depending on 

this material for foam production 

the industry is almost in a monopoly 

of a main supplier. When it 

suffers from any cause the entire 

industry suffers because the producer 

naturally reflects the loss on 

prices, delivery and other factors. 

Another class of polymeric polyols 

is the polyesters. Polyesters are 

formed by condensation or stepgrowth 

polymerization of diols 

and dicarboxylic acids (or their 

derivatives), for example diethylene 

glycol reacting with phthalic 

acid.[5] Alternatively, the hydroxyl 

group and the carboxylic acid (or 

their derivatives) may be within 

the same molecule, as in the case 

of caprolactone. The example 

below is an idealized structure 

that could be obtained by reacting 

pentaerythritol (a tetrol) with 

gamma-butyrolactone.

154 

Mattress Industry 

Terms 

Source: ISPA, International 

Sleep Products Association 

Adjustable base: An electro-mechanical 

or manual bed frame construction 

that permits the raising 

and lowering of the head and/or 

foot portions of the mattress. 

Airbed: An air mattress with a core 

that is an air-filled vinyl bladder. 

Better airbeds are multichambered, 

covered with cushioning, upholstered 

with ticking and sold with a 

foundation. 

Anti-microbial fiber and foam: 

Treatment that inhibits the growth 

of microbial contaminates. 

Backing: Any fabric or sheeting material 

that is used during quilting to 

anchor the stitches. 

Batting: See Cotton Felt. 

Bedding: Commonly used as a 

generic term for a mattress and 

foundation set, but may also apply 

to accessory items such as blankets, 

sheets, pillows, comforters, 

mattress pads, etc. 

Bedding ensemble: A complete 

sleep support system, consisting of 

a metal frame or a bed, a foundation 

and a mattress set. 

Bed frame: A metal or wood 

frame with legs used to support a 

mattress and foundation. Conventional 

height is 7-1/4 inches and 

the low-profile version is 5-3/4 

inches when measured from the 

floor to the bottom of the foundation. 

Generally a headboard 

can be attached. Metal frames 

are sometimes known as a “Hollywood” 

frame. 

Bedsprings: Open-spring or wire 

fabric box springs without uphol-

155 

stery materials or cover. 

Binding tape: Fabric tape used 

to bind and close the mattress or 

foundation where the vertical and 

horizontal panels of outer ticking 

come together, providing the edge 

trimming for the mattress or foundation. 

See Tape and Tape Edge. 

Body impressions: Indentations occurring 

on the surface of a mattress 

over time, due to the compression 

of materials by the human body. 

Bonnell: A knotted, round-top, 

hourglass-shaped steel wire coil. 

When laced together with crosswire 

helicals, these coils form the 

simplest innerspring unit, also 

referred to as a Bonnell. 

Border: The vertical side or edge 

of a mattress or foundation. Prebuilt 

borders are constructed by 

stitching together the ticking, foam 

or other filling materials and a 

backing material. Commonly quilted 

or vertical-stitched. 

Border rod: A heavy gauge wire 

rod attached to the perimeter of 

the innerspring unit (top and bottom) 

by means of a helical wire or 

metal clips. 

Boric acid: A chemical additive 

applied during the garnetting of 

cotton and/or other fibers to provide 

cigarette ignition resistance 

characteristics. 

Box spring: Also referred to as 

a “foundation.” A base for an 

innerspring mattress, consisting 

of coils or other forms of springs 

mounted on a wood or metal frame 

and secured with a wire-interlaced 

or welded-wire grid, topped with 

upholstery and insulating materials 

(felt, urethane or other resilient 

materials), and covered on the 

top and sides with ticking and on 

the bottom with a dust cover. It 

is an important part of a bed set 

since it serves as a shock absorber, 

distributes weight, and supports 

and interacts with the innerspring 

mattress to properly support the 

body. 

Box-top mattress: A mattress 

featuring a raised surface finishing 

treatment where a separate, sided 

and rectangular encasement of 

soft materials–usually with a tape 

edge–is attached via a welt to the 

entire surface on top of existing 

cover and upholstery. 

Bunk bed: A two-tiered wood or 

metal frame designed to accommodate 

two mattresses, typically 

twin-size, one above the other. 

Some models allow the upper and 

lower units to be detached and 

used as separate beds. 

Bunkie: A mattress, usually twinsize, 

and platform base used on 

bunk beds. 

Cal 117: Refers to California Technical 

Bulletin 117, which specifies a 

vertical flame testing procedure for 

bedding and furniture component 

materials. Foam referred to as “Cal 

117 foam” has passed this test. 

Carbon: The principal hardening 

element in steel. The higher the 

carbon content, the harder the metal 

and the more temper it will take, 

thus giving longer “memory.” 

Cellulose acetate pad: Woody fiber 

compacted into a pad and used 

as an insulator. May be glued or

156 

sandwiched between plastic netting 

to help hold it together. 

Coil count: The number of coils in 

an innerspring unit. Though the 

count can effect weight distribution, 

it is not the determining factor 

for firmness. The count is usually 

based on the number of coils in a 

full-size unit. 

Coils: The individual wire springs 

that form an innerspring unit. See 

Hourglass, Continuous and Offset 

Coils. 

Coir pad: An insulator pad made 

from coconut husk fiber, garnetted, 

needled, bonded and pre-cut to 

size. 

Comfort system: Refers to the 

upholstery layers of the mattress, 

generally consisting of a combination 

of materials (cover, cushioning, 

topper pad, insulators, etc.). 

Conjugate polyester fiber: Spirally 

crimped fiber that is crimped chemically 

rather than thermally. Is very 

durable and resilient. 

Continuous coils: An innerspring 

configuration in which the rows of 

coils are formed from a single piece 

of wire. 

Conventional bedding products: 

Mattresses and foundations in the 

conventional adult sizes of twin, 

twin extra long, full, full extra long, 

queen and king. 

Convertible sofa: A sofa with a 

bed folded beneath the seating 

surface, generally consisting of a 

mattress resting on a metal mechanism. 

Also called “sleep sofa” or 

“sofa sleeper.” 

Convoluted foam: Better known as 

“egg-crate” foam that is specially 

cut to produce hills and valleys, 

giving gentle softness and more 

surface comfort. Foam surface 

treatment is available in multiple 

patterns. 

Cornell test: Devised by Cornell 

University School of Hotel/Motel 

Administration. Designed to test 

cosmetic performance of bedding 

sets, such as body impression or 

support firmness. Two round surfaces 

are pounded into the finished 

product 100,000 times and checked 

periodically for failure or changes. 

Corner guards: Molded plastic or 

metal, (sometimes upholstered) fittings 

secured to foundation corners 

to prevent material damage from 

the bed frame. 

Cotton felt: Produced by a garnett 

machine which combs cotton and 

other fiber binders into a continuous 

web or layer. Several such 

layers combined are called cotton 

“batt”. For compressed cotton felt, 

thick layers of garnetted cotton 

fiber are mechanically compressed 

to reduce body impressions. 

Cotton linters: The short fibers 

adhering to the seed after the long 

staple fiber has been removed in 

the ginning process. Used in making 

cotton felt. 

Cotton pickers: “Fall out” from ginning 

or garnetting. These shorter 

staple cotton fibers are blended 

with linters to produce cotton felt. 

Crown: A convex surface on a mattress. 

Mattresses with a half-inch 

crown are a half-inch thicker at the 

center than at the edges. 

Cushioning: Materials that lie 

above the insulator and below the 

fabric covering in an innerspring 

mattress. These materials are typically 

combinations of polyurethane 

foam, cotton felt, and/or mademade 

fibers. 

Damask: Woven ticking produced 

on a loom that has yarns running 

at 90-degree angles to each other, 

the warp and the weft. The damask 

design is woven into the fabric 

rather than printed on the surface. 

Density: A measure of weight per 

cubic volume, usually expressed 

in pounds per cubic foot. Often 

referred to when discussing foam. 

Double tempering: Heating of wire 

components, usually in an oven, after 

they have been given shape or 

form and have been electronically 

stress-relieved. Refers to tempering 

coils as well as border rods and 

helicals in a complete spring unit. 

Dual-purpose: A broad term used 

to include all sleep pieces, which 

can be converted to other uses, 

including: convertible sofas, 

high-risers, daybeds, futons, etc. 

See Convertible Sofa. 

Dust cover: A woven or non-woven 

fabric attached to the underside of 

a foundation to prevent the collection 

of dust inside. May also be 

known as “sheeting” or “cambric.” 

Edge guard: Generally an extra 

component added to the edge of a 

mattress and/or box spring to give 

support on the sides. 

Engineered edge support: A special 

design where the coils on the 

outer edge of an innerspring unit 

are actually positioned under the 

border rod. Most units have the 

coils recessed from the edge, which 

can contribute to a “roll out of bed” 

feeling. 

Euro-top mattress: A mattress featuring 

a raised, squared-off surface 

finishing treatment filled with soft 

comfort layers and attached to the 

mattress upholstery at the tapeedge. 

Fabric cover: Cloth or textile material 

woven, knitted or felted of 

any fiber or mixture of fibers. Often 

referred to as “ticking” or mattress 

fabric.

157 

Fales pad: Compressed cotton felt 

that is stitched together to better 

retain compression. 

Fiber pad: Usually refers to manmade 

or natural fibers (wool, silk, 

etc.) that are garnetted, needled, 

carded and/or bonded together. 

Often used in quilting panels for 

mattress tops. 

Filler cloth: Refers to a plain fabric 

used on the top of a foundation 

instead of ticking. Commonly offers 

non-skid characteristics. 

Flanging: The process whereby a 

strip of fabric is sewn to the edge 

of the mattress cover and, in the 

assembly process, secured to the 

perimeter of the innerspring unit to 

prevent the cover and filling materials 

from shifting. 

Foam foundation: Consists of a 

built-up wood slat frame covered 

with a sheet of cardboard or similar 

material, topped with at least 2” of 

foam and covered with ticking. 

Foundation: Any base or support 

for a mattress, sometimes used as 

a generic term for box spring. A 

foundation may be made entirely 

of wood or a combination of wood 

and steel or steel springs. See Box 

Spring and Foam Foundation. 

Futon: A Japanese-style mattress 

construction, consisting of a cover 

and filling material, which is typically 

cotton but can be innerspring 

and/or foam. 

Garnetting: A mechanical process 

whereby short cotton fibers and/ 

or other fibers are combed into a 

specific orientation and formed into 

a thin web, which are then layered 

to create a batting used as an upholstery 

material. See Cotton Felt. 

Gauge, coil: A measurement of the 

diameter of the steel wire used in 

coil construction. Wire gauge for 

innerspring coils range from 12.5 

to 17. The higher the gauge, the 

thinner the wire. 

Gel foam: Generally a visco-elastic 

foam that is infused with beads or 

swirls of gel during the foam pouring 

process. 

Hair pads: Horse tail or mane, cattle 

tail or hog hair, which has been 

processed and curled for use as a 

mattress or upholstery filler. 

Hammocking: An undesirable characteristic 

sometimes associated 

with worn out or low-end mattresses. 

When weight is placed in the 

center, the corners tend to rise and 

bow in response to deep compression 

much like a hammock. Terms 

“dish” and “sagging” also used to 

describe this phenomenon. 

Hand: Term used to describe the 

touch or feel of fabrics (e.g., soft, 

smooth, etc.). 

Hand-tied: The process of 

hand-lacing the coils in a box 

spring together with twine. Seldom 

used, this process has been 

replaced with modern technology 

and new designs.

158 

Headboard: An upright unit of 

wood, metal, plastic, or upholstered 

material, to be attached at 

the head of a bed, usually with the 

bed frame. 

Helical: A tightly-coiled, elongated 

wire used in the manufacture of 

innerspring units to join individual 

coils to each other and to the 

border rod. 

High-contour mattress: Measures 

9” – 13” thick. A mattress under 9” 

thick is considered “standard”; over 

13” thick is considered “custom.” 

High riser: Usually a frame or sofa 

with two mattresses of equal size 

without a backrest. The frame 

slides out with the lower bed and 

rises to form a full bed or two 

single beds. 

Hog ring: Metal ring used to 

secure the insulator and flange material 

to the innerspring unit. Takes 

its name from its similarity to the 

metal ring in a hog’s nose. 

Hourglass coils: Coils that taper 

inward from top to middle and outward 

from middle to bottom, thus 

resembling an hourglass in shape. 

Employed in bonnell and offset coil 

designs. 

Hybrid: Commonly used industry 

term for a mattress that combines 

an innerspring unit with specialty 

foams such as visco-elastic or latex. 

Ideal weight distribution: Equalization 

of support in such a way 

as to eliminate pressure points 

that cause discomfort resulting in 

tossing and turning. Best achieved 

with coil on coil construction and 

properly designed insulation and 

cushioning material. 

Innerspring unit construction (for 

mattresses): The spring construction 

used as the main support system 

inside an innerspring mattress. 

Some common types are: pocketed 

(see Marshall) and all metal (i.e., 

bonnell, offset and continuous 

wire). 

Insulator: Any material used on top 

and bottom of an innerspring unit 

to prevent the upholstery layers 

from cupping down into the coils. 

Some common types are: a fiber 

pad, non-woven fabric, netting, 

wire mesh or foam pad. 

Knit: A basic polyester or nylon 

ticking fabric produced through a 

knitting process (tricot) rather than 

weaving. Designs are printed onto 

the surface. 

Lacing wire: Finer gauges of wire 

used to form helicals. 

Latex: A flexible foam created from 

a water dispersion of rubber, either 

from the rubber tree (natural latex) 

or a man-made, petroleum-based 

product (synthetic latex). Most 

latex used in mattresses today is a 

combination of natural and synthetic 

latex rubber. 

LFK: An unknotted offset coil with a 

cylindrical or columnar shape. 

Link fabric: A wire foundation for 

bedsprings, cots, studio couches, 

sofabed mechanisms and gliders. 

So called because the fabric is a 

succession of metal links. 

Marshall: A type of innerspring 

construction in which thin gauge, 

barrel-shaped, knotless coils are 

encased in fabric pockets. Also 

known as “pocketed coils.” 

Mattress: A manufactured product 

to sleep on, consisting of various 

resilient materials covered with an 

outer ticking. Comes from the Arabic 

term “matrah” meaning to throw

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down. Early Arabs traveled with 

their bedding and threw it down on 

the ground or floor at night. 

Memory: The ability of tempered 

steel, foam or some fabrics to 

return to their original state after 

being compressed or stretched. 

Mesh: Plastic netting generally 

stretched across the face of an 

innerspring unit as an insulator. 

Microcoils: A low-profile metal 

spring unit, typically with individually 

wrapped coils, used in the top 

comfort layers of a mattress. 

Molded foam core (for mattresses): 

A core made of flexible foam 

is made in molds and used as the 

main support system in a foam 

mattress. 

Mounting: Attachment of a box 

spring unit to a wood or metal 

frame. 

Needlepunched fabric: A manufacturing 

process for which high 

strength, lightweight, non-woven 

construction fabrics are produced. 

These fabrics are produced by 

garnetting fibers, entangling or 

inner-locking these fibers together 

by a series of needles and then 

mechanically bonding or fusing 

them together via heat to produce 

a fabric without glue or binders. 

Needlepunched pad: A manufacturing 

process used to produce 

insulator pads and non-woven 

fabrics whereby loose, garnetted 

fibers are inner-locked by a series 

of “needles.” This process usually 

requires additional bonding to 

keep the fibers in place. 

Offset coils: An hourglass type coil 

on which portions of the top and 

bottom convolutions have been 

flattened. In assembling the innerspring 

unit, these flat segments 

of wire are hinged together with 

helicals. 

Orthopedic: Generalized term to 

imply set gives proper postural 

alignment and support. Should not 

necessarily mean hard or board 

feeling. Proper support with a 

degree of comfort to contour to the 

body is best. 

Panel: The part of the ticking that 

constitutes the top sleep surface of 

a mattress, as well as the bottom 

of a mattress on a two-sided bed. 

Pedestal-type metal or wood bed 

frame: A low-profile bed frame 

with a solid pedestal base underneath 

each side of the frame, 

instead of legs. 

Pillow-top mattress: A mattress 

featuring a surface finishing treatment 

where a separate encasement 

of soft materials is attached 

to the entire surface on top of 

existing cover and upholstery. 

Plus 4 edge: Two border rods 

engineered with one inside of the 

other and designed so that they 

make the edge 4% firmer than 

the balance of the sleep surface 

to eliminate that “roll out of bed” 

feeling and edge sag.

160 

Pocketed coil: See Marshall. 

Polyurethane foam: See Urethane 

Foam. 

Print: A ticking fabric, which can be 

a woven or non-woven sheeting, 

commonly of synthetic fiber composition, 

on which a design has been 

printed. 

Quilting: The surface treatment in 

which the cover, foam and/or other 

fibers are sewn together, using 

various stitch patterns on quilting 

machinery, including scroll or 

panel quilters (single needle) and 

multi-needle quilters. 

Resilience: Surface liveliness and 

spring-back ability. 

Rollator test: An approximately 

230 lb., six-sided roller is passed 

across a sleep set to determine the 

structural strengths or weaknesses 

of the set and components (i.e., 

foam or quilt failure, breaking of 

helicals and coils). The industry 

standard to duplicate the life of a 

mattress is 100,000 passes. 

Rollaway bed/cot: A portable metal 

bed/cot with a frame that folds 

in half with the mattress when not 

in use so it can be rolled away into 

a closet (or elsewhere) for compact 

storage. 

Sheeting: a woven or non-woven 

fabric other than knits that have a 

degree of sizing and are somewhat 

stiff. 

Side rail: A metal or wood rail, 

which hooks into the outside edges 

of a headboard and footboard 

to provide the support base for a 

foundation and mattress. 

Sisal: A product of the henequen 

plant formed into a pad and used 

as an insulator. Named after the. 

small port of Sisal in Yucatan. 

Slats: Narrow strips of wood used 

to support the coils in the box 

spring frame. Also used in a bedstead 

to support the box spring. 

Sleep Products Safety Council 

hangtag: Used voluntarily by 

bedding producers since 1987, the 

safety hangtag program provides 

critical consumer information about 

the safe use of sleep products. 

Manufacturers certify that they use 

the tag only on mattresses that 

meet the Federal Standard for the 

Flammability of Mattresses and 

Mattress Pads.The tag is available 

in a hangtag or permanent label. 

Smooth top: A plain surfaced 

mattress, neither tufted nor quilted. 

Also called button-free. 

Spring wire: Wire made from high 

carbon steel, characterized by 

toughness, strength and ductility. 

Typically furnished in 8 to 18 gauge 

for bedding industry applications. 

Steel unit construction (for box 

springs): The spring construction 

used as the main support system 

inside a box spring. 

Stitch bonded pad: See Fales Pad. 

Straightline deflection: Pertains to 

mattress innerspring construction 

and refers to the constant ratio 

between stress and strain, weight 

and movement. The benefit is 

that constant support is provided 

regardless of the weight applied. 

No bottoming out of soft spots. 

Basically it means that two people 

of unequal weight, sleeping on the 

same mattress, receive the same 

support. 

Stretch knit: A heavy-weight mattress 

ticking consisting of a top layer, 

bottom layer and filling material 

knitted together and intermittently 

stitched to keep the filling yarns 

stable. 

Super zoned box spring frame: A 

support, generally wood, attached 

longitudinally to the underside of 

a foundation for added support 

where the main body weight rests. 

Another important structural point 

is that the vertical slats are turned 

on edge for added strength. This 

is extremely important on queen 

sizes and for 4-poster beds where 

typically no center support is 

provided. Also known as a “center 

rail.” 

Tape: Fabric material that closes 

over the rough-sewn edge where 

the top and bottom panels are 

joined to the border of a mattress 

or box spring. 

Tape edge: A specified type of 

sewing machine designed to stitch 

binding tape around the top and 

bottom edges of the mattress, 

joining the panels with the border 

and closing the mattress. 

Tempering: Heat treatment of 

wire to reduce brittleness. Accomplished 

by electric charge, 

oven heat or both. Also known as 

“stress relieved”. 

Ticking: Fabrics for covering mattresses 

and foundations. Common

types include: stretch knits, woven 

damasks, knits and nonwovens. 

Torsion bars: A type of spring system 

used in box springs characterized 

by square-shaped wire forms. 

Trundle bed: A low bed that is 

rolled under a larger bed. In 

some constructions, the lower bed 

springs up to form a full bed or two 

single beds as in a high riser. 

Tufting: Consists of passing twine, 

cords or tape vertically through 

the mattress from top to bottom, 

knotting and securing the loops 

thus formed with tufts, buttons, or 

lacing. The purpose is to hold the 

mattress filling in place. 

Uniflex grid: A steel wire grid used 

to bridge the “mouth” of the coils 

on an innerspring unit to prevent 

“pocketing” of insulation down into 

the coil and to eliminate “coil feel.” 

Also helps to distribute the body 

weight of a person. 

Urethane foam: Synthetic (chemically 

foamed) flexible urethane 

used for mattress cores and as a 

cushioning material. As a core, it’s 

the main support system. Generic 

term covering both polyester and 

polyether foams. 

Ventilator: Metal or plastic screens 

attached to the sides and sometimes 

the ends of mattresses to 

permit the passage of air. Unnecessary 

with normal high quality 

materials used today, except for 

hospital type mattresses with wetproof 

covers. 

Visco-elastic foam: Also known 

as “memory foam.” Slow recovery 

urethane foams that are temperature 

sensitive. They conform to 

the body and distribute pressure 

according to body heat and dynamics. 

Waterbed: A sleep system 

employing a water-filled vinyl 

bladder as its primary support 

system. Original models relied on 

rigid framing to contain the vinyl 

components and were known as a 

“hardside”. Newer styles consist 

of vinyl components (bladder and 

liner) typically encased in foam and 

161 

made to look like a conventional 

mattress, usually paired with a 

regular upholstered foundation. 

Also called a “softside” waterbed. 

All versions are sometimes referred 

to as “flotation beds.” 

Welded grid top: Basic wire 

welded into a lattice to which box 

spring coils, formed wire or modules 

are fastened. Offers even 

weight distribution, yet allows 

some flex and give. 

Wood bed: A bed with a headboard 

and footboard made of 

wood, having side rails of wood or 

metal that support the foundation 

and mattress. 

Wood frame (for box springs): The 

wood frame in a box spring on 

which the spring construction is 

mounted. 

Woven stripe: A once ubiquitous 

woven ticking with colored stripes. 

The style was referred to as “ACA”, 

the traditional designation for 

the 8 oz. blue- and white-striped 

ticking that has mostly fallen out of 

favor and is seldom produced.

SleepTech Magazine / May - June 2017

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