FINISHED_Final_Notebook_Jones

The Learning Goal for this assignment is:
Differentiate between the 4 states of matter.
Take note over the following chapter. Use the Headings provided to organize your notes. Define and number all highlighted vocabulary (total 23 ) as well
as summarize the sections. You may add pictures where needed. The pictures should be an appropriate size. Use Arial 12 for all text. This document
should be 3 pages and should be saved as a pdf before you submit it into Angel.
13.1 The Nature of Gases
Chapter 13 States of Matter
Pages 420 - 439
Kinetic Theory and a Model for Gases
Kinetic energy 1 : The energy an object has due to its motion. | Kinetic Theory 2 : The theory that states
that all matter consists of tiny particles that are constantly in motion.
Gas Pressure
Gas Pressure 3 : Results from the force exerted by a gas per unit surface area of an object. | Vacuum 4 :
An empty space with no particles and no pressure. | Atmospheric Pressure 5 : The collisions of atoms
and molecules in air with objects. | Barometer 6 : A device used to measure atmospheric pressure. |
Pascal(Pa) 7 : The SI unit of pressure. It represents a very small amount of pressure. | Standard
Atmosphere(atm) 8 : The pressure required to support 760mm of mercury in a mercury barometer at
25 o Celsius.
Connection(s): Kinetic energy accumulates in an object such as a falling ball. Kinetic Theory is
applied to hot or cold objects, which expand and contract based on the movement of particles, like
when you hear your house creak in the night as the wood contracts as it cools. Gas Pressure applies
in a situation like a teapot, where enough pressure builds up from the water vapor that it begins to
squeal at a high pitch. Another example is the PSI (pressure per square inch) in a tire. A vacuum can
be created by sucking the air out of something, like in those air-sealed bags to compress items such
as clothing. Space is also a vacuum. Atmospheric pressure is what you experience as you increase in
elevation, which is why your ears pop in an airplane. The cabin has to be pressurized and
depressurized to adjust to the pressure of the atmosphere so it does not crush under the pressure.
The Pascal is, as its definition would imply, used to measure pressure. There is only a certain amount
of pressure an ear can tolerate, which can be measured in dBs (decibels) or Pas (or Pascals).
Standard atmosphere is approximated to be the at-sea-level pressure at the latitude 45 o north.
Kinetic Energy and Temperature
(No vocab)
Summary: This section discusses the three assumptions of the kinetic theory as it applies to gas.
These three assumptions are: The particles in a gas are considered to be small, hard figures with an
insignificant volume; the motion of the particles in a gas is rapid, constant, and random; and all
collisions between particles in a gas are perfectly elastic. It also explains how gas pressure is the
result of billions of rapidly moving particles in a gas simultaneously colliding with an object, as well as
how the Kelvin temperature of a substance is directly proportional to the average kinetic energy of the
particles of the substance.
13.2 The Nature of Liquids
A Model of Liquids
(No vocab)
110