Nestorius

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NESTORIUS : UNDERSTANDING INCARNATION PROF. M. M. NINAN Theotokos, Christotokos and Anthropotokos Nestorian ideas were originally confined to the writings of Diodore, Theodore of Mopsuestia and their close followers in Antioch. However, in 428, Emperor Theodore II called the Antiochian Priest-monk Nestorius, known for his zeal to defend the faith against heretics of the time, to come to Constantinople. Nestorius was made the Arch Bishop of Constantinople. Nestorius ( in Greek: Νεστόριος; c. 386 – 450) remained Archbishop of Constantinople (now Istanbul) from 10 April 428 to August 431, when Emperor Theodosius II confirmed his condemnation by the Council of Ephesus on 22 June 431 AD. Nestorius, brought with him the Priest Anastasius. In a series of homilies in Constantinople, Anastasius denied the existence of one Theandric Person (The dual God-man of incarnation) in Jesus Christ, teaching in Him a division of persons, one Divine and the other human and attacked the use of the term Theotokos, using instead the term Anthropotokos. Even though Jesus was both fully God and fully man, in the incarnation he remained within the norms of a human, without exercising his Divinity any time in his life. This was quite controversial, since the Constantinopolitan faithful were accustomed to using the term Theotokos for the Virgin Mary. To defend Anastasius, Nestorius also did a series of homilies, preaching the teachings of Theodore of Mopsuestia, though using the term Christotokos instead of Anthropotokos. Constantinopolitan theologians rose up against the teachings of Nestorius and accused him of preaching the heresy of Paul of Samosata. Nestorius as the Patriarch of Constantinople called for a council at Constantinople in AD 429 and condemned those who disagreed with him. This has generated immediate opposition from the opponents of the view. The champion of this Theotokos theology was one Cyril of Alexandria ( Κύριλλος Ἀλεξανδρείας; c. 376 – 444. Cyril is an Anglicanized version of Coorilos) who was the Patriarch of Alexandria 412 to 444 AD Cyril of Alexandria, belonged to the Alexandrian school. We should remember that there were no official stand in this regard at that point. Several people suggested several solutions. Cyril suggested one in opposition to Nestorius which was directed to emphasize Jesus’ divinity and in so doing justify the Mother of God title for Mary. 45
NESTORIUS : UNDERSTANDING INCARNATION PROF. M. M. NINAN The solution of Cyril was this as opposed to the solution of Nestorius: According to Cyril of Alexandria, the two natures - God and Man united together in a human body a new person by union of both. This is usually called Hypostasis._ Hypostatic union ὑπόστασις hypóstasis, strictly translates as "sediment, foundation, substance, subsistence"indicating a formation of one new substance different from both combining the both. His idea was that Jesus had only one mind and soul - a new creation being. 46
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Nestorius

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