Приложение к журналу "Транспортная безопасность и технологии" - 2017

AVIATION SECURITY IN RUSSIA
INNOVATIONS
SPECIAL SUPPLEMENT TO THE MAGAZINE
TRANSPORT SECURITY & TECHNOLOGIES WWW.TRANSPORTSECURITY.RU

Table оf Content
About ICAO ................................................................................................... 5
The Russian Federation as ICAO member state ...................................................6-7
ICAO’s Annex 17. ICAO standards in Russia ....................................................... 8
ICAO’s Annex 9 ............................................................................................ 9
ICAO critical elements. Innovations .............................................................10-49
● Innovations in aviation security legislation ...............................................12-15
● Innovations in aviation security programmes and regulations ......................16-17
● Competent state authorities in the field of aviation security, their powers .......18-19
● Qualifications and staff training ............................................................20-23
● Provision of Technical Guidance, Tools and Security-critical Information ........24-39
● Certification and Approval Obligations ..................................................40-41
● Quality Control Obligations .................................................................42-47
● Resolution of Security Concerns ............................................................48-49
Statistics. Results ......................................................................................50-51
Integrated information management system
for control and oversight activities for transport security ....................................... 52

Special supplement
to the magazine
Transport Security & Technologies

This supplement to the magazine
is timed to the first Global
Aviation Security Symposium
(12 - 14 September, 2017, Montreal, Canada).

ICAO structure
4

About ICAO
The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) is a UN specialized agency, establishing
the international laws of civil aviation and coordinating its growth to ensure security and efficiency. ICAO was
established by the Convention on International Civil Aviation (Chicago Convention).
The International Civil Aviation Organization was
based on the provisions of Part II of Chicago Convention
of 1944. It undertakes activities since 1974.
Headquarter is located in Montreal, Canada. USSR joined to
ICAO members on the 14 November 1970.
ICAO main objective is ensuring the safe
and orderly growth of international civil aviation
throughout the world and other aspects
of organizing and coordinating international
cooperation on the all issues of civil aviation,
including international transportations.
One of ICAO functions is to assign to the
world’s airports four-digit individual codes
used for the transmission of aeronautical
and meteorological information on airports,
flight plans, the designation of civil
aerodromes on navigation maps and etc.
ICAO structure
• ASSEMBLY
• COUNCIL
• SECRETARIAT
In accordance with Article 43 of the Convention
on International Civil Aviation, the organization
“is made up of an Assembly,
a Council, and such other bodies as may be
necessary”.
ICAO Leaders
Dr. Olumuyiwa Benard Aliu
President of the Council, ICAO
The Council shall elect its President for a
term of three years. He may be reelected.
5
Dr. Fang Liu
Secretary General, ICAO
ICAO’s Secretary General heads the Secretariat and is the Chief
Executive Officer of the Organization

The Russian Federation as ICAO member state
Recently, the active position of the Federal Authority for Transport Oversight (Rostransnadzor)
has led to a sharp increase of the Russian authority in the international arena
in the field of aviation security. It is in complete accord with the new ICAO’s policy on
inspections of States and strengthening the direction related specifically to improving the
effectiveness of state oversight of aviation security. The most important element of Russia’s
international cooperation with 191 ICAO Member States is the Permanent Mission
of Russia in ICAO.
Its role is enormous and the potential for improving the effectiveness of promoting the
initiatives and interests of Russian civil aviation is almost unlimited.
All the staff of the Russian Mission to ICAO take an active personal part in the continuously
evolving direction – improving aviation security.
MEETINGS OF THIS EXPERT GROUP
ARE HELD ANNUALLY
Expert group on aviation security
Since 2006 to the present time Vladimir Chertok, Deputy Head of the Federal Authority
for Transport Oversight of Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation, is the coordinator
of cooperation between Russia and ICAO.
An important element of the ICAO’s verification system is the aviation security coordinators
designated by States, ensuring the cooperation of the ICAO Commission with the
inspected State - all its government agencies, organizations and enterprises involved in
aviation security.
In addressing the exiting and evolving threat to civil aviation, ICAO relies on the advice
of experts who sit on the Aviation Security (AVSEC) Panel, established by ICAO in the
late 1980s.
6

Maksim
Sokolov
Minister of Transport
of the Russian
Federation
Valery
Okulov
Deputy Minister
of Transport of the
Russian Federation
Nikolay
Zakhryapin
Deputy Minister
of Transport of the
Russian Federation
The contribution of the Russian Federation to the improvement of ICAO’s activity on aviation security is assessed
high throughout the world.
This is a great merit of the leaders and experts of the Russian Ministry of Transport, Rostransnadzor, Federal Air
Transport Agency, the Russian Mission to ICAO, and personally the Deputy Head of Rostransnadzor Vladimir
Chertok, who is one of the official experts of the ICAO Aviation Security (AVSEC) Panel.
Therefore, not coincidentally, at the
suggestion of the ICAO Regional Bodies
for the European and North-Atlantic
Region, Vladimir Chertok, the Head of
the Russian delegation, the official expert
of AVSEC, was unanimously elected
as Chairman of the EUR/NAT Aviation
Security Group (ENAVSECG) for the next
five years.
Vladimir Chertok
Deputy Head of the Federal Authority for
Transport Oversight in the uniform of the
federal state inspector
The Russian Federation actively supported and participated in the development of the Global Aviation
Security Plan, taking into account the need to achieve 5 key priority outcomes:
improving risk awareness and response;
development of aviation security culture and human performance;
expansion of technical resources and innovations;
improvement of oversight and compliance monitoring of quality;
development of cooperation and support.
7

ICAO’s Annex 17
«Security. Safeguarding International Civil
Aviation Against Acts of Unlawful Interference»
In 1974, the Standards and Recommended
Practices (SARPs) for international civil
aviation were first summarized in Annex
17 to the Chicago Convention, which was
subsequently amended by 15 amendments
ICAO standards in Russia
The proposals of the
Russian Federation
are focused on
the development
of international
cooperation and
concrete measures
to enhance aviation
security at global,
regional and national
levels.
ICAO Standards and Recommended Practices are being implemented in the Russian Federation.
Working papers submitted by Russian specialists are always arousing particular interest among States and international
organizations
8

ICAO’s Annex 9
«Facilitation»
Annex 9 is a document of wide coverage, which reflects ICAO flexibility, keeping pace with the development
of international civil aviation.
In the context of civil aviation, the term
“facilitation” covers a wide range of issues
and activities, and the development of
Standards related to the release of aircraft,
people and goods through formalities at
international border points, on condition of
ensuring an appropriate level of aviation
security.
Annex 9 is aimed at speeding
up procedures related to the arrival
and departure of aircraft, people,
cargo and other items at international
airports. It also contains provisions
related to facilitation of search and
rescue, accident investigations and
evacuation, and relief flights for natural
disasters.
9

ICAO structure
ICAO
CRITICAL ELEMENTS.
INNOVATIONS
10

Innovations in aviation
security legislation

ICAO critical elements. Innovations
1 Innovations in aviation security legislation
FEDERAL LAW OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION ON TRANSPORT SECURITY
The Russian Federation defines the basic requirements for transport security, as well as the procedure for categorization,
vulnerability assessment and development of security plans for facilities and vehicles.
The regulative and legal
base has been created and
continues to be developed for
provision of the state transport
security system on the basis
of an integrated approach to
assessment, planning purposes
and realization of security
measures applied to transport
infrastructure and vehicles.

DECREE OF THE PRESIDENT OF THE RUSSIAN
FEDERATION ON IMPLEMENTATION
OF INTEGRATED SYSTEM OF PUBLIC SECURITY
IN TRANSPORT
The Decree has become a real breakthrough in innovation development
of transport security in the Russian Federation. According
to the Decree the Comprehensive Program for Public Security
In Transport has been developed. The Program has inspired the
development and implementation of the state-of-the-art technologies
and equipment much simplifying passenger screening. All
major airports of the Russian Federation has been equipped with
modern technical security systems
In 2017, the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation is
developing a new Comprehensive Program for Security in Transport
until 2020.
The Program’s objective is the protection of life and health in the
transport against unlawful acts, including terrorist nature.

ICAO critical elements. Innovations
1 Innovations in aviation security legislation
Russian President signed the Decree on May 9, 2017 On the
Application of Tightened Security Measures during FIFA Confederations
Cup 2017 and FIFA World Cup 2018.
The security measures are being strengthened in the subjects of
the Russian Federation, within which the infrastructure facilities
are located for hosting the FIFA Confederations Cup 2017 and
the FIFA World Cup 2018, as well as in the adjacent water areas.
The Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation is ordered to
establish restricted flight zones, forbidden areas for airspace use
over territory and the water area within which enhanced security
measures are being introduced, and to determine when airspace
use of these zones is permitted.
In addition, it is established during the
competition, facilities and other territories
in respect of which special anti-terrorist
protection measures are required, in the
host cities, are subject to enhanced protection,
have to be equipped with engineering
protection and higher protection
class technical security equipment. These
measures are provided by requirements
to anti-terrorist protection of such facilities,
approved by the Government of the
Russian Federation.
Rostransnadzor has inspected and carries
out transport security continuous monitoring
at the transport infrastructure, involved in
the FIFA World Cup 2018.
14

The Reguldation of the RF Government
on Approval of Statute on Federal State Control
(Oversight) in Transport Security Sphere
High-tech directions in oversight methodology have been
approved, and implemented, including:
audits with the use of test-objects and test-items;
information systems to form an audit plan
on the basis of risk assessment;
continues monitoring approach for transport security
requirements compliance;
remote control at the transport infrastructure facilities and vechiles.
15

ICAO critical elements.
Innovations

2 Innovation in aviation security
programmes and regulations
The Regulation of the RF Government On the Approval of Requirements for Transport Security Ensuring
(Including Requirements for the Anti-terrorist Protection of Facilities (Territories), Taking Into Account Requirements
for Facilities of Different Categories of the Transport Infrastructure and Aircrafts
ORDER OF THE MINISTRY OF TRANSPORT OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
On the Approval of the Requirements for Transport Security Ensuring, Taking into Account Requirements for
Facilities of Different Categories of the Transport Infrastructure and Aircrafts.
ORDER OF THE MINISTRY OF TRANSPORT OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
On the Procedure to Inform by Subjects of the Transport Infrastructure and Air Carriers on Threats of Committing
and Committed Unlawful Interference Acts at Transport Infrastructure and Vehicles
ORDER OF THE MINISTRY OF TRANSPORT OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
On the Procedure to Form and Maintain Automated Centralized Bases of Personal Passengers Data and Provision
of Appropriate Information Containing in It.
JOINT ORDER OF THE MINISTRY
OF TRANSPORT OF THE RUSSIAN
FEDERATION, THE FEDERAL SECU-
RITY SERVICE OF THE RUSSIAN
FEDERATION AND THE MINISTRY
OF INTERNAL AFFAIRS OF THE
RUSSIAN FEDERATION
On the Approval of the List of Potential
Threats of Unlawful Interference Acts
Committing in the Operation of Transport
Infrastructure and Vehicles
17

ICAO critical elements.
Innovations

3 Competent state authorities
in the field of aviation security, their powers
THE MINISTRY OF TRANSPORT OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
is an executive federal authority in the field of transport, which formulates the State policy and legal and regulatory
environment in a transport sector, including civil aviation.
FEDERAL AIR TRANSPORT AGENCY
is an executive federal authority, which
renders state services in the field of air
transport (civil aviation), in the field of
using of the Russian Federation airspace,
air navigation service of users of the
Russian Federation airspace and using
state-owned assets in civil aviation.
THE FEDERAL AUTHORITY
FOR TRANSPORT OVERSIGHT
is an executive federal authority, which
oversees (controls) observance of the Russian
Federation legislation and international agreements
of the Russian Federation in a transport
sector, including civil aviation, as specially
authorized body in the field of civil aviation.
19

ICAO critical elements.
Innovations

4 Qualifications and staff training
ORDER OF THE MINISTRY OF
TRANSPORT OF THE RUSSIAN
FEDERATION
On the Approval of the Procedure for the
Transport Security Forces Training
A standard additional professional program in the field of training
employees designated as persons responsible for transport security
ensuring in the transport infrastructure entity at the transportation facility
and/or vehicles, other officers, acting as a Leader in the sphere of
the management of the transport security forces at the transportation
facility and/or aircrafts
21
TRAINING
OF AVIATION
SECURITY
SPECIALISTS
OF DIFFERENT
COUNTRIES
AT MOSCOW
ICAO REGIONAL
AVIATION
SECURITY
TRAINING
CENTER

ICAO critical elements. Innovations
4 Qualifications and staff training
HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS OF PROFESSIONAL
EDUCATION
Moscow State Technical University of Civil Aviation
Saint Petersburg State University of Civil Aviation
Ulyanovsk Air Force Academy of Civil Aviation
EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS OF ADDITIONAL PROFESSIONAL
EDUCATION
Aviation training centers for civil aviation located
in the Federal Districts and the regions of the Russian Federation
TRAINING OF SPECIALISTS
FROM DIFFERENT
COUNTRIES IN THE FIELD
OF AVIATION SECURITY IN
THE MOSCOW TRAINING
CENTER OF ICAO
22

Annually, aviation
training centers in
Russia are receiving
for training and
retraining up to
16,000 employees
of airports and
airlines from Russia
and other countries
23

ICAO
CRITICAL ELEMENTS.
INNOVATIONS

Provision of Technical
Guidance, Tools and
Security-critical Information

BRANCH SPECIALIZED
MAGAZINE
FOR TRANSPORT
SECURITY
PROFESSIONALS
TRANSPORT
SECURITY
&TECHNOLOGIES
It is the only magazine on transport and aviation security
in the territory of the Russian Federation and the CIS.
The edition is issued since 2003 with an annual circulation
of 20 000 copies.
The magazine is included in the list of specialized branch
mass media of the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation.
The Editor-in-Chief is Sergey Gruzd.
The structure and subject of the magazine cover the features
of integrated security and anti-terrorist protection of
all modes of transport, including air transport, as well as
the issues of ensuring the civil aviation safe development,
both in Russia and throughout the world.
Information and
methodological
assistance to
the magazine is
provided by:
Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation, Federal Authority
for Transport Overisght, Federal Agency on Air Transport,
the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation,
the Federal Security Service of Russia, EMERCOM of Russia
and other state bodies.
Readers of the magazine are leaders, top managers,
professionals, experts of state bodies, transport enterprises
and organizations in the field of security and antiterrorist
protection, as well as law enforcement and special services
officers, representatives of international associations and
unions, including ICAO, IATA and etc.
Special editions of the magazine are issued regularly,
including with the ICAO materials, for events held by state
bodies, both in Russia (colleges, extended interdepartmental
meetings, etc.) and abroad.
In Russia the magazine is the reference book of the top
managers of the transport (aviation) security services.

Russian Transport Minister Maxim Sokolov and
Deputy Transport Minister of Russia Nikolay
Asaul learn the publications in magazine
Transport Security & Technologies during the
meeting of the Federal Authority for Transport
Oversight board.
It actively assists promotion and dissemination the ICAO policy on state inspections
and strengthens the effectiveness of state oversight on aviation security, the
implementation of the ICAO standards and recommended practices in the Russian
Federation.
Annually in Montreal (Canada) the ICAO members receive special issue or
supplement of the magazine.
The magazine is entrusted with exclusive coverage of its activities in the field
of transport (aviation) security by the largest holdings, carrier companies, airports,
institutions and organizations.
The magazine has assumed the image
of a responsible and reliable operator
of B2B congress and exhibition events
on transport (aviation) security, the largest
on is All-Russian Annual Conference
Transport Security and Counterterrorism
Technologies.
We aspire to keep and enhance the
reputation of a reliable business partner.
Our goal is to be the best!
Contacts
73, Udaltsova St., Moscow, Russian
Federation, 119454
Phone: + 7 (495) 797-35-96;
Phone/Fax: +7 (499) 431-20-65
E-mail: info@transportsecurity.ru
www. transportsecurity.ru.

RPE Automatica-S, LLC
123298, Moscow, 13, build. 1, 3-rd
Khoroshevskaya st.
Tel./Fax: (495) 956-49-95
E-mail: info@avts.ru
www.avts.ru
Perimeter security of the airport is
an important milestone in the protection
of the airport complex
The continuing growth of the world economy
leads to an inevitable increase in the
volume of air transportation, which makes
airport complexes an important part of
the transport infrastructure of any country.
However, at the same time, the risk of acts
of unlawful interference increases both for
passengers and for the airport complexes
themselves. To date, many companies have
achieved remarkable success in developing
a modern traveler’s identification and
luggage screening systems, which forces
terrorists to look for other weaknesses,
one of which may be the perimeter of the
airport complex. At the same time, despite
the development of technologies, it is not
yet possible to solve the tasks of protecting
the lengthy perimeter of airport complexes
qualitatively. The main features of perimeter
security for airport complexes are the
great length of the protected perimeter, a
multitude of interference factors caused by
the take-off and landing of aircraft, and the
influence of weather and climate conditions
- all this leads to a lot of false alarms.
The Research and Design Enterprise
“Avtomatika-C” has extensive experience
in the implementation of sophisticated
automated systems at complex facilities and
for more than 5 years has been successfully
engaged in the creation and implementation
of a unique integrated security system
SOKOL. The integrated security system
SOKOL is an intricacy of interconnected
subsystems that solve the single task of
organizing the protection of any facility object.
SOKOL is based on the perimeter security
subsystem, which is based on the use
of a fiber optic cable (FOC) as a sensitive
element for determining occurrences of a
violation. The integrated approach and use
of an optical cable gives a lot of advantages
in relation to traditional systems:
№ Characteristic Traditional systems Integrated security system SOKOL
1 The influence of various external The reaction is rarely adjusted
The response to the noise level is adjusted
interference:
2 The plane takeoff and landing; Usually strong influence Does not affect;
3 Bad weather (rain, wind, etc.); Average and strong influence Weak influence;
4 Electromagnetic radiation; Average and strong influence Full immunity;
5 The level of false alarms Usually high; Low;
6 The complexity of creating logic for generating Sets any logic for generating alarms;
alarms;
7 The ability to integrate with other
systems
Usually absent
The system can be integrated with virtually any
existing systems;
8 Power and communication at the Transmission of power via one cable and No power at the perimeter;
9 perimeter
communication via another cable
Communication and information could be
organized with dark (unused) fibers;
10 Division into zones and equipment for
the zone
Usually divided into zones with a length of 50
to 1000 m;
The division into zones is virtual and
configurable;
11 It is necessary to place different equipment on
the perimeter for each zone;
On the perimeter there are only fiber optical
closures in the places where the cable is
connected;
12 Requirements for the placement of
stationary equipment
It usually requires accommodation in a
specially prepared room;
Possible location of equipment in an
unprepared room;
13 Features of the service It is necessary to maintain the linear part on The linear part does not require maintenance;
the perimeter and the station part in the room;
14 Assembling features Often, complex installation of the system on Simple installation;
the perimeter;
15 Cost of ownership Low and average cost of acquisition, medium
and high maintenance costs;
16 Accuracy From 50 to 500 m; Up to 10 m. (adjustable);
17 Determining the type of intruder Often impossible;
and indicating the direction of its
movement
Average purchase price, very low
maintenance costs;
Determining the type of intruder: person,
group of person, vehicle and heavy vehicle.
Determining the direction of intruder’s
movement;
18 Determining of the digging A separate system is required It is determined by the cable in the ground;
19 Location in the ground and fence Different systems; In one system;
20 System operability at breakage / cut
of the sensing element
Impossible; Determine the location of the first breakage /
cut with an accuracy of 10 m;

NON-STATE EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION OF
ADDITIONAL PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION
SCIENTIFIC-TRAINING CENTER “AVIATION
SECURITY AND INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES”
ABINTECH
NEI APE STC ABINTECH
Office 1016, 80 G, Leningradsky
prospect, Moscow, 125190
Tel/Fax: +7 (495) 225-24-45
E-mail: abintech2011@mail.ru
Web site: www.abintech.ru
Aviation and transport security educational
center “ABINTECH” have
25 years of experience training X-ray
screeners and other security staff
for airports and railway stations of
the Russian Federation and some
other countries. “ABINTECH” is
private company, the owner and director
is Mr. Victor Volynskiy.
In the Russian Federation, we
stood at the origins of mass education
of inspection emloyees on a
short-term 40-hour refresher courses
aimed at staff members receive
practical knowledge and skills for
detection of concealed weapons, explosive
devices and other dangerous
items and substances.
We have always tried to use innovative
teaching methods, constantly
conducted research work,
development of course books and
manuals. In 2014 our private training
server for distance learning
was established. Our teachers are
experienced, among them combatants
with combat veterans of special
forces, people who spent many
years in the airlines and in public
administration.
All this led to remarkable success
and popularity of our training center.
Over 100 000 students graduated
short-term practical courses on recognition
of hidden arms and explosive
devices for 26 years.
“ABINTECH” training center is
located at the address: 80 G, Leningradsky
prospect, Moscow, Russia,
in the office building. The total area
of the occupied premises is 200 sq.
m. For full-time study, there are three
classrooms:
The first class is for theoretical
and practical training for 24 people.
The classroom is equipped with
more than 500 samples of weapons
and firearms, ammunition staffing,
models of improvised explosive
devices.
Second class has 12 computers
for work and testing on the X-ray
simulator “Student”, developed by
“ABINTECH”. Also, we have there
the training stand for demonstration
of operation access control systems,
perimeter protection and CCTV.
Third class is for technical training
in which are installed X-ray machine,
walk-through and handheld
metal detectors, trace detectors and
some other equipment.

As for the staff, the company employs
22 people on a regular basis,
13 of which are engaged in teaching
activity.
3. OTHER SECURITY PROGRAMS
• Radiation safety when working
with ionizing radiation sources
(group A personnel) (72 hours);
• combination of full-time and remote
training.
We also conduct field training on
the premises of the customer. Our
Currently our training center conducts
training of security specialists
in the following areas:R
1. TRANSPORT SECURITY
For the transport security, we train
security specialists according to the
model programs provided by the
Russian legislation:
• for the air transport – on all eight
programs;
• for railroad transport – on five
programs.
2. AVIATION SECURITY
In the field of aviation security, we
train specialists in the following
programs:
• Aviation security managers
(40 hours);
• Aviation security instructors
(40 hours);
• The prevention of unauthorized
access to the controlled area of
the airport (40/80 hours);
• Apron control, aircraft security
check (40/80 hours);
• Pre-flight security check of staff
and passengers (40/80 hours);
• Technical maintenance of X-ray
machines and other security
equipment (40 hours);
• Profiling (40 hours).
• Identification and localization of
dangerous objects and substances
(80 hours);
• Screening of visitors, staff and
vehicles (40 hours);
• Screening of visitors and staff in
venues of mass sports activities
(40 hours).
In our training center, there are
three forms of training:
• full-time training;
• remote training (off-line mode),
when student work via Internet on our
server of the distance learning system,
studying the course materials, pass the
intermediate tests and the final examination.
This form of learning is only
possible on certain courses.
teacher comes with a computer and
multimedia projector for displaying
slides, videos and work on the
computer simulator. Practical lessons,
in this case, are done on X-ray
machines and other technical means
of inspection of the customer. This
form of training is very popular.
Our customers include: airports,
railway stations, Gazprom, LUKOIL,
Sberbank, hotels and stadiums.
Regarding the need to protect information,
we don’t work with individuals,
training is conducted only at
the request of organizations.
Read more our activities
can be found on our website
www.abintech.ru

Olfactory Biotechnical System
One of the methods of strengthening existing
security systems is use by transport (aviation)
security units of dogs specially trained in
the detection of explosives – EDD (explosive
detection dogs). But even in this case, wide application
of dogs is interfered by a number of
objective circumstances, which decrease efficiency
of their search activity:
a) correlation between efficiency of dogs’
activity and environment conditions;
b) restrictions on duration of active work
of each dog;
c) lack of objective (instrumental) control
of work results.
PJSC “Aeroflot – Russian airlines” has developed
approach and created technology that
makes it possible to solve all well-known problems
that limit the efficiency of EDD use for the
purposes of transport (aviation) security.
This approach provides an opportunity
to carry out systematic, regular and targeted
olfactory investigation at transport infrastructure
objects and transport vehicles, to
reduce the time of reaction and to increase
accuracy of activity – the main factors, that
characterize the efficiency of aviation security
measures.
The optimal solution of a problem is the
combination of unique olfactory qualities
of EDD and modern technical equipment
which is carried out by means of technological
integration into Olfactory Biotechnical System
(further in the text OBTS).
This paper provides description of the main
technical characteristics of OBTS that allows
implementation and application of olfactory
monitoring in system of transport (aviation)
security. Olfactory monitoring is considered as
the instrument providing preventive measures
in detection of prohibited (limited) objects by
their specific odor by means of EDD.
Structure and principle of OBTS functioning
This solution represents set of the biological
and technical elements united in functional
system of targeted application intended for detection
of explosives and explosive devices. The
proposed solutions allow to combine optimum
merits of olfactory opportunities of EDD with
advantages of technical systems at mutual compensation
of their shortcomings.
The final result of OBTS application is
obtaining of objective, documentary issued
report on presence or lack of explosives on the
surveyed object.
The system provides transfer of the
received results of search activity to the
control center in real time. Thus the principle:
technique – animal (bio - system) – human is
implemented.
OBTS CONSISTS OF
THE FOLLOWING ELEMENTS:
1 Biodetectors – jackal – dog hybrid – Sulimov’s
dog
The main distinctive properties of hybrid
dogs comparing to traditional breeds of guard
dogs are:
• expanded temperature range of application
in various physical-climatic conditions
(experiments were carried out in Russia at
temperatures under – 30 °C and in the United
Arab Emirates at temperatures under + 42 °C);
• increased level of sensitivity and selectivity
of olfactory system on main types of
explosives and other target substances;
• high level of natural orientation and
interest in search activity;
• small size and weight of animals – it is
possible to apply them in limited spaces of
cabin, luggage and technical compartments of
aircraft.

2 Technology of Remote Analysis of the Air
Environment (RAAE)
The Remote Analysis of the Air Environment
(RAAE) is optional olfactory research
with specially trained dogs acting as a sensor,
and filters with air pumped through them from
target object subjected to inspection as a subject.
system in general, and its’ elements separately.
The novelty of the elements listed above is confirmed
by a number of patents for inventions,
now they exist in the form of prototypes, they
function in the regime of trial operation and
their future owners would organize their mass
production.
RAAE is one of elements of aviation security
management system, it provides carrying
of olfactory monitoring of all processes in the
airport. The idea of RAAE method consists
in periodic sampling of air from the surveyed
objects (rooms, cargo compartments, containers
and cargo load units) with sedimentation
on filters of dustlike inclusions or molecules of
the target substances dissolved in air.
Depending on particular requirements it is
possible to develop both olfactory biotechnical
3. Hardware - software complex of registration
and integral analysis of physiological
parameters of EDD.
PJSC “Aeroflot – Russian airlines” jointly
with Government Research Center FMBC
A. I. Burnazyan FMBA of Russia developed a
method of objectification of target substances
search results with use of EDD.
The hardware and software system of
registration and the integral analysis of physiological
parameters of EDD (“Layka”) realizes
the integrated approach which is based on the
analysis of dynamics of bioelectric activity of
the brain and an assessment of the correlating
influence of the central nervous system on
activities of other systems of an organism.
“Layka” consists of two main parts: mobile
module and remote module.
The mobile module represents an equipment
complex: a set of electrophysiological
electrodes for registration of the electroencephalogram
(EEG), the electrocardiogram
(ECG), the actogram (AG), the amplifier
transmitter of signals, the unit of software
hands-off processing of electrophysiological
parameters of EDD.
The mobile module placed on a body of
EDD allows to control bioelectric potentials
of a brain with an assessment of frequency
and power of the dominating rhythm of EEG,
correlative relations between the dominating
rhythm of EEG and the frequency of breathing
and a warm rhythm, the ECGs parameters,
breathings and others during search activity.
The remote module, represents a portable
personal computer (notebook) having necessary
operating characteristics and equipped
with a special program for the reception,
analysis and an archiving of the biometric
parameters registered for EDD.
The results of information analysis are
reflected in automatically created protocol of
research in which the reaction of the central
nervous system of an animal and the appropriate
vegetative parameters of dogs in the course
of search is documented and in case of the
detection of target substance by them.
Implementation of biotechnical system of
“Olfactory monitoring” allows:
e) to carry out systematic and regular cynological
inspection of controlled objects, to provide
their security from explosions of a criminal
or terrorist orientation;
f ) to carry out olfactory investigation in
crowded places during mass actions;
g) to control transport vehicles and transported
freights in order to exclude the delivery
of explosives;
h) to increase efficiency of instructor - dog
search activity;
i) to provide objectification of dogs’ search
activity and its’ documentation.

ICAO critical elements.
Innovations

6 Certification and Approval Obligations
The RF Governmental Regulation dated on 26 September,
2016 No. 969 On Approval of Requirements for the
Functional Properties of Technical Means for Transport Security
Ensuring and the Rules for Compulsory Certification of Technical
Means for Transport Security Ensuring
On September 26, 2016, the RF Government
approved the requirements for the
functional properties of technical means for
transport security ensuring and enacted the
Regulations for Compulsory Certification
of Technical Means for Transport Security
Ensuring (The RF Governmental Regulation
No. 969).
In accordance with paragraph 8 of the Article 12.2 of the Federal Law No. 16 dated on 09.02.2007
On Transport Security “Technical means of transport security (systems and means of alarms, access
control, inspection, video surveillance, audio and video recordings, communication, alert, collection,
processing, reception and transmission of information intended to use at transport infrastructure facilities
and vehicles in order to ensure transport security) are subject to compulsory certification”.
41

ICAO critical elements.
Innovations

7 Quality Control Obligations
In March 2017, the list of state control types, when a risk-oriented approach is applied,
has been supplemented by 33 types of state control (oversight).
The list also includes federal state control (oversight) in the sphere of transport security.
The RF Governmental regulation dated on March 2, 2017 No. 245
On Amendments to the RF Governmental Regulation Dated on August 17, 2016 No. 806.
The RF Governmental Regulation
dated on October 4, 2013
No. 880
On the Approval of the Provision on
Federal State Control (Oversight) in the
Sphere of Transport Security.
43

ICAO critical elements. Innovations
7 Quality Control Obligations
Administrative Violations Code of the Russian Federation
(dated on 30.12.2001 No. 195-FZ (with amendments
dated on 03.02.2014).
More rigid sanctions for security violations have been implemented
Authority of the state security oversight bodies has been extended
Implementation of the continuous
monitoring mechanism under the
ICAO Universal Security Audit
Programme the implementation
of this mechanism should increase:
the transparency of the aviation
security state, the response and the measures
adoption speed; the intensified process
of equipping and additional equipping
the facilities with engineering and
technical means of protection, aviation
and transport security.
The objective of the transition to the
continuous monitoring mechanism is to increase
the level of compliance with ICAO
standards and the oversight functions of
the state, which is the basis for the safe
operation of civil aviation.
Federal law dated on
26.12.2008 No. 294-fz on protection
of legal entities and
individual entrepreneurs rights
during implementation of state
control (oversight) and municipal
control
Planned (raid) inspections of vehicles are
carried out by authorized officials of the
state control (oversight) authorities on the
basis of planned (raiding) tasks.
It is possible to use checklists (lists of control
questions) during state control (oversight)
or scheduled inspection. *
*-------------------------------
The implementation of checklists is stipulated
by the plan of measures to improve
control and oversight activities for 2016-
2017, approved by the RF Government in
2016 and the priority program Reform of
Control and Oversight Activities.
The Order of the Federal Authority for Transport Oversight
Dated on January 30, 2014 No. AK-100fs
On the commissioning of an Integrated Information Management System
for Control and Oversight Activities to Ensure Transport Security
44

The main automated transport control and oversight center of the Federal Authority for
Transport Oversight and automated transport control and oversight network in the federal districts of Russia.
The Main Automated Transport Control and Oversight Center provide
continuous monitoring of transport security;
control for taking immediate measures in case of a contingency
THE MAIN AUTOMATED
TRANSPORT CONTROL AND
OVERSIGHT CENTER OF THE
FEDERAL AUTHORITY FOR
TRANSPORT OVERSIGHT IS
AN ICAO AVIATION SECURITY
POINT-OF-CONTACT IN THE
RUSSIAN FEDERATION
ISO 28000: 2007standard is
an international standard, developed
by the International Organization for
Standardization (ISO) in response to the
need of the global business community
to strengthen the security & safety of
goods, vehicles and transport infrastructure
against threats of terrorism, smuggling
and theft.
The main objective of the ISO 28000:
2007 standard is to strengthen transport
security and to unify the requirements for
security management systems (SMBs)
45

ICAO critical elements. Innovations
7 Quality Control Obligations
Departmental priority project of Federal
Authority for Transport Oversight
“Improving Control and Oversight Activity
in Transport in the Russian Federation“
The Departmental priority project is implemented in respect of
the following types of state control (oversight):
Federal state control (oversight) in the sphere of transport
security, Federal State Transport Oversight and etc.
The last one includes state oversight in the sphere of civil aviation
and state control (oversight) in the use of airspace;
46

Project start and end dates
21.02.2017 – 31.12.2025
Project objective is to reduce the number of fatalities and injuries
by 15% by the end of 2018 and by 50% by the end of 2025,
as well as to reduce the material damage by 30% by the end
of 2025 by improving the effectiveness of control and oversight
activities, administrative burden of control subjects by at least
20% by the end of 2018 as compared to 2015 and by 50% by
the end of 2025 while cost optimizing for implementing oversight
measures by 25% by 2018 as compared to the level of 2015
and 50% by the end of 2025.
2017 PROJECTS RESULTS
1. The risk-oriented approach introduction in
the implementation of control and oversight
activities
2. Implementation of the system for assessing
the results and effectiveness of control
and oversight activities
3. Systematization, reduction of quantity
and updating of compulsory requirements
4. Implementation of the integrated prevention
system for compulsory requirements violations
5. Implementation of effective personnel policy
mechanisms
6. Introduction of the system for corruption actions
prevention
7. Automation of control and oversight activities
47

ICAO critical elements.
Innovations

8 Resolution of Security Concerns
The Federal Law On Protection of the Rights of Legal Entities
and Individual Entrepreneurs in the Implementation of State
Control (Oversight) and Municipal Control had been amended
to introduce a risk-oriented approach in organizing and
conducting inspections within the framework of state control
(oversight) and municipal control.
The following projects have been
implemented :
The action plan (Road Map) to improve
control and oversight activities for
2016-2017 (approved by the RF
Government Decree No. 559-r dated
on 1 April 2016)
The priority program “Reform of Control
and Oversight Activities” (approved by
the Presidential Council on Strategic
Development and Priority Projects
on December 21, 2016)
Public debate of the law enforcement
practice of state oversight bodies with
the participation of government bodies
and supervised legal entities are being
held, new security requirements are being
explained, typical violations of requirements
are being discussed, answers of the
audited entities are being given.
49

Statistics. Results
Assessment of aviation security system
in the Russian Federation
From the report of the UN Counter-Terrorism Committee:
The Russian Federation has established a highly effective legislative framework at the
national level and has implemented all the necessary programs to implement the framework
provisions for aviation security. It continues to oversee all areas of the aviation
security system and promptly removes the corresponding shortcomings in order to meet
national and international requirements.
Aviation security. The Russian Federation has established a highly effective mechanism
for ensuring and the security overseeing, which highlights the priority attention of the
Government of the Russian Federation to the prevention of unlawful interference in civil
aviation activity.
On June 15, 2017, the UN General Assembly resolved to establish a Counter-Terrorism
Directorate to facilitate the implementation of the UN Global Counter-Terrorism Strategy
by Member States
50

From the ICAO Commission Report on
the second cycle of USAP audits
Since March 10 to 17, 2011, the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)
audited the second round of the Universal Security Audit Program (USAP), during which
the Russian Federation demonstrated its ability to guarantee highly effective oversight at
the national level to ensure aviation security through the implementation of the system of
state oversight for aviation security, covering ICAO Annex 17 “Security” and the security-related
provisions of ICAO Annex 9 “Facilitation” of the Convention on International
Civil Aviation.
51

Integrated information
management system
for control and
oversight activities for
transport security
Order of the Federal Authority for Transport Oversight
dated on January 30, 2014 n ak-100fs
On the Commissioning of the Integrated Information Management System for Control
and Oversight for Transport Security
It was resolved to introduce an integrated information management system for control
and oversight activities to ensure transport security in commercial operation, as well as
to provide accreditation and technological support to users.
In addition, the Order provides the registration in the system of the register of federal
state information systems.
52

Branch specialized magazine
Transport Security & Technologies
No. 3 (50) | 2017 year |
Certificate of state registration is
PI No. 77-16333 dated on September 22, 2003.
Edition is 5000 copies.
No. JT-17-1600.

THE MINISTRY OF TRANSPORT OF THE
RUSSIAN FEDERATION
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109012, Russian Federation
Phone: +7 (499) 495-00-00
Fax: +7 (499) 495-00-10
E-mail: info@mintrans.ru
www.mintrans.ru
FEDERAL AUTHORITY
FOR OVERSIGHT
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Moscow 125993 A-167, GPS-3
Phone: +7 (499) 231-57-07,
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