SleepTech_Mart2018-internet

www.sleeptechmagazine.com
March - April 2018

www.elektroteks.com.tr

P: +90.224 443 46 28 - 29 F: +90.224 441 99 90 Nilüfer Bursa TURKEY info@elektroteks.com.tr

4
4
Turkey is the center of the
world!
INDEX ADS
Latexco is celebrating
their 25th sponsorship
anniversary
16
Boyteks.............................................Back cover
Boyçelik................................ Inside back cover
Elektroteks............................. Inside front cover
Elektroteks.......................................................... 1
Metal Matris....................................................... 3
Nova................................................................... 5
AydınTekstil......................................................6-7
Comfytex.................................................... 10-11
Artilat........................................................... 12-13
Birlik Sünger...................................................... 15
Kırayteks........................................................... 17
BedCovers..................................................22-23
Özdemir Malzeme.......................................... 27
Yılmaz Sünger..................................................29
Gemba............................................................ 31
Özen İplik.........................................................33
CoverConf................................................. 34-35
Şiteks................................................................. 39
Ersan Madeni.............................................40-41
Artintech..........................................................43
Nerteks............................................................. 47
Nano Yay......................................................... 51
Nobel................................................................53
Motif..................................................................55
Sigma............................................................... 57
Hibteks..............................................................59
Miramac.......................................................... 61
Sleepwell Expo................................................65
İnnovaBeddirng.............................................. 67
Allbeco............................................................. 87
Allbemac.......................................................109
36
63
88
Elektroteks plugged into
progress!
CIFM / interzum guangzhou
to trigger the trade!
48
Boyteks blows wind of
innovation for healthy sleep
comfo
Mert Makina to showcase
competitive mattress machinery
at ISPA EXPO 18
74
Adhesives used in mattress
manufacturing
Components on mattress
manufacturing line
74

6
From The Editor
Turkey is the
center of the
world!
We are on the way to Far West and Far East…
Going to Guangzhou via Charlotte!
March will witness an important show in Charlotte, NC, USA
and a major show in Guangzhou, China. ISPA Expo in Charlotte
will host a great number of mattress manufacturing technologies
and materials. There will be a dozen of Turkish exhibitors
in Charlotte. CIFM / Interzum Guangzhou is an important
show of the woodworking machinery and furniture manufacturing
and materials. There will be around 3 dozens of Turkish
exhibitors in Guangzhou. We will follow them all of and cover
the stories and give out free copies of Sleep Well and Sleep Tech
magazines.
w w w . s l e e p t e c h m a g a z i n e . c o m
Publisher
General Manager
Responsible
Editor-in-Chief
Chief of Editorial Board
Editorial Consultants
ISTMAG
Magazin Gazetecilik Yayıncılık
İç ve Dış Ticaret Ltd. Şti.
Adına sahibi
H.Ferruh IŞIK
Mehmet SÖZTUTAN
(mehmet.soztutan@img.com.tr)
Cüneyt AKTURK
(cuneyt.akturk@ihlasfuar.com)
Ömer Faruk Görün
(omer.gorun@img.com.tr)
Chris France, Leggett & Platt
Prof. Dr. Ismail KAYA
Assoc. Prof. Mehmet Ali OZBUDUN
Ibrahim KUPELI
Recep SAHIN
Advertising Sales Marketing
Omer Faruk GORUN (omer.gorun@img.com.tr)
Advertising Coordinator
+90 224 211 44 50-51
ISPA only comes once every two years. At ISPA EXPO, mattress
producers, innovators, and industry leaders come from around
the globe to explore the show floor for the equipment, components,
and services they need – and to envision what’s next. The
show is produced for the industry by the industry.
When it comes to Interzum Guangzhou, Asia’s most comprehensive
woodworking machinery, furniture production and interior
décor trade fair, it is a must see show for the entire industry.
Correspondents
Communications Manager
Art Director
Chief Accountant
Gizem YILDIZ
(gizem.yildiz@img.com.tr)
Ebru PEKEL
(ebru.pekel@voli.com.tr)
Tolga ÇAKMAKLI
(tolga.cakmakli@img.com.tr)
Mustafa AKTAŞ
(mustafa.aktas@img.com.tr)
CIFM / interzum guangzhou presents buyers from Asia and
other regions with the latest products and technologies of woodworking
machinery, furniture production and interior decor.
As a satellite event of interzum in Cologne, Germany, interzum
guangzhou was established for the distinct regional market
needs in China and Asia, unveiling regional industry trends and
showcasing top designs, products and technologies.
There are Turkish companies in both shows displaying a wide
range of tech products including full mattress manufacturing
machine lines, components, parts and chemicals. As one of the
fastest developing industries of Turkey, the mattress industry
has a lot in store to serve the world markets. We are at the service
of the industry to promote these great opportunities with
Sleep Well and Sleep Tech magazines and Sleepwell Expo show
held in Istanbul annually.
Subscription
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Mehmet Soztutan

10
PERISCOPE
by Chris France
Division Marketing Manager,
Leggett & Platt

11
10 Benefits of
Better Sleep
Healthy lifestyles can be accomplished through
exercise and diet, but a good night’s
sleep is just as important. Several benefits
can come from sleeping the recommended
amount of hours, a number that varies depending
on your age. These benefits can affect
the mind and body, impacting moods,
health, and stress levels in a positive way.
Read below to discover 10 key benefits of
getting the proper amount of sleep.
Better Overall Health
Getting enough sleep each night helps keep
your heart healthy. Sleep reduces the levels
of stress and inflammation in the body
while keeping blood pressure and cholesterol
levels low.
Reduced Stress
Sleep lowers the levels of stress hormones
in the body. It keeps you more patient and
less agitated, allowing you to not get stressed
about certain things. A full night of
sleep enables you to handle stress during
the day at an easier, calmer level.
Increased Memory
While you sleep, your brain works to organize
and correlate memories. The more
sleep you get, the more you retain and recall
certain things learned during the day.
Sleep allows your brain to better process
new experiences and knowledge, helping
to retain information easier.
Strengthened Immune System
During sleep, the body produces extra protein
molecules that strengthen the immune
system. These molecules help the immune
system mend your body at a cellular level
in order to combat pollutants and bacteria
exposure.
Stronger Muscles
At night, slow wave sleep occurs and allows
your body to release growth hormones
for muscles. Your body also uses sleep
to heal damage done to cells and tissue
while you were awake; allowing your
muscles to become stronger.
Improved Mood
People who sleep less are more likely to
have anxiety, be depressed, and experience
low self-esteem. Sleep loss has a stronger
effect on mood than cognitive ability or
motor function, an indication that more
sleep could help.
Healthier Skin
Better sleep increases collagen production
and prevents bags from forming underneath
eyes. Lack of sleep is directly correlated
with depression, anxiety, and other
factors that harm skin and appearance.
Fewer Migraines and Headaches
Studies have shown that those who sleep
less are more likely to experience migraines.
36% to 58% of sleep apnea sufferers
often wake up with a migraine or throbbing
head.
Increased Productivity
Tired people find it harder to concentrate
on various tasks throughout the day. These
tasks could be work-related or in your personal
life. Research suggests that attention
tasks seem to be sensitive to sleep loss.
Decreased Risk of Obesity
Multiple studies have proven that people
who sleep less are more likely to be obese.
This is potentially due to the hormonal
changes caused by sleep deprivation. Not
enough sleep stimulates your appetite,
increasing the chances of higher calorie
and sugar intake.
To learn more about Leggett & Platt –
International Bedding Components, our
products, and our initiatives, visit www.
BeddingComponents-Intl.com.
PERISCOPE

As a world leader in latex foams, Artilat helps you
build the perfect mattress, ensuring a good night’s
sleep. From cores over toppers to cooling and
other features, Artilat is the place to be. Thanks to
decades of knowledge in the bedding industry, we
are able to provide you with top quality products.
Artilat nv
Koningsbaan 79,
2560 Nijlen, Belgium
www.artilat.be
info@artilat.be
T +32 (0)3 410 13 00
FOLLOW US

DISCOVER
www.artilat.be

16
Monart promotes companies
efficiently with wheeled boxes
No limits on advertising and promotions with Monart...
Meet the specially designed new ‘wheeled box’!
Murat Çıkan
Owner of Monart Packaging
There are a limited number of
models and functionality in
mind. Monart Packaging have
the infrastructure to meet the
production demands of different
packing boxes, they don’t produce
only products but also they find
solutions. Murat Çıkan of Monart
Packaging introduces us to an
innovative product that is newly
designed and can be the favorite
product of the fair.
Who wants to introduce himself
more?
Murat Çıkan tells this product that
Monart Packaging designed special
for exhibition considering both
the company and the customer, as
follows;
‘’Every company which attach
great importance on brand awareness
can use. This product you
can think of like a wheel catalog
is a ‘wheeled box’ . The main features
of this box are as follows;
* Fully environmentalist
* Each side can be advertised
visually
* Provides ease of transport for
visitors in terms of wheel formation
* Space-saving, affordable
Aims to exports more in 2018!
Planning to increase the export
volume in year 2018, the brand,
is hopeful for 2018 with rapid
growth rate.

18
Latexco is celebrating their
25th sponsorship anniversary
A world leader in the manufacturing
of latex and PU foam components
for the bedding industry,
Latexco has been sponsoring the
projects of cycling manager Patrick
Lefevere for 25 years now. With
shareholders Luc and Carole Maes
both cycling lovers, it seemed only
logical for Latexco to heighten
brand and corporate awareness
through cycling sponsorship.
“Cycling is our passion, but it
also serves to promote our brand
around the world and we are
proud to do this together with
Quick-Step Floors, one of the most
successful teams in the history
of the sport, with which we have
such a special bond”, Carole Maes
explained to crowds of sponsors
and journalists attending the recent
team presentation of Quick-
Step Floors Cycling Team in Calpe,
Spain. “Being involved in this
team and celebrating together
with them so many extraordinary
victories gives us great pleasure.
Sports sponsorship is not ‘just an
investment’ for Latexco. It is part
of our corporate philosophy. The
competition, the perseverance,
the team spirit and the grinta that
mark the Quick-Step Floors Pro Cycling
Team are values that Latexco
shares too!”
More than putting the Latexco
logo and name on the jerseys of
the cycling teams, Latexco lent
logistical support too. During all
the major events, including the
Tour de France, Latexco moved the
riders’ personal Latexco mattress
from hotel to hotel, thus offering
the cyclists an invigorating night’s
rest every day. After all, a well-deserved
night’s sleep is just as
important as the right training for
top athletes looking to deliver a
top performance.
Mr. Patrick Lefevere, Team CEO,
also shared his thoughts on the
long-term sponsorship with Latexco,
which he believes has yet the
best to come: “I am really proud to
have a sponsor like Latexco with
me for so many years. It shows
that we are a house of trust. Since
the very beginning, we have had
a great common understanding.
Despite our shared success over
the past 25 years, I am sure the
best is yet to come and I hope
we can celebrate 30 years of
shared passion and partnership
with Latexco, who I can safely say
that is one of the oldest and most
reliable sponsors in the world of
cycling.

20
ISPA EXPO delivers
quality buyers and market
opportunities!
Held biennially at a different
location in the United States, ISPA
EXPO 2018 will be hosted by
Charlotte, North Carolina. Affordable
and conveniently located,
Charlotte, North Carolina, offers
EXPO attendees big-city amenities
with small-town charm —
perfect for doing business and
entertaining your customers.
Hosted by ISPA (International
Sleep Products Association), ISPA
EXPO only comes once every two
years – the world’s largest trade
show exclusively for the sleep
products industry. At ISPA EXPO,
mattress producers, innovators,
and industry leaders come from
around the globe to explore our
show floor for the equipment,
components, and services they
need – and to envision what’s

21
On the heels
of the previous
successful event
held in Orlando,
FL, in 2016, the
new edition of ISPA
EXPO will be held
March 14-17, 2018
in Charlotte, North
Carolina.
next. EXPO is produced for the
industry by the industry. Envision
the opportunities when you
exhibit at the largest showcase of
bedding products and services in
the world.
The International Sleep Products
Association (ISPA) had announced
that the previous edition of the
event, ISPA EXPO 2016, held
March 9-12 in Orlando, FL, was
its largest and most successful
show ever. EXPO welcomed a
record 4,330 attendees—a 22%
increase over 2014—from 72
countries visiting 242 exhibitors
covering over 137,000 square feet
of exhibition space.
“I think our record-breaking numbers
reflect the enthusiasm and
optimism that’s been building
throughout the mattress industry,”
said Ryan Trainer, ISPA president.
“Our exhibitors and ISPA staff
worked hard to make sure this
EXPO exceeded expectations and
provided something for everyone.”
Feedback from event attendees
was overwhelmingly positive.
Attendees saw the latest in machinery,
components, services and
technology, while also participating
in networking events, receptions
and top-notch educational
sessions on topics ranging from

22
differentiating your company from
the competition, to bridging the
generational gap in the workplace,
content marketing tips and
an update on mattress recycling
efforts.
The previous edition was the
largest in event’s history
ISPA EXPO 2016, held March
9-12 in Orlando, FL, was its
largest and most successful show
ever. The show had welcomed a
record 4,330 attendees—a 22%
increase over 2014—from 72
countries visiting 242 exhibitors
covering over 137,000 square feet
of exhibition space.
“I think our record-breaking numbers
reflect the enthusiasm and
optimism that’s been building
throughout the mattress industry,”
said Ryan Trainer, ISPA president.
“Our exhibitors and ISPA staff
worked hard to make sure this
EXPO exceeded expectations and
provided something for everyone.”
Attendees saw the latest in machinery,
components, services and
technology, while also participating
in networking events, receptions
and top-notch educational
sessions on topics ranging from
differentiating your company from
the competition, to bridging the
generational gap in the workplace,
content marketing tips and
an update on mattress recycling
efforts.

23

26
A great
stride
from Bed
Covers
Aiming to double
its capacity with
new investments,
Bed Covers is
about to launch a
new product that
breathes more and
brings color of
spring.
Growing and expanding its
product range steadily from
1995 on up to now, Bed Covers
produces pillows, quilts, bed
linens, home textiles, and bags
for mattresses. Having a large
capacity for production, the company
offers affordable products
to produce high level of customer
satisfaction as well. Deputy
General Manager of the company,
Duygu Gunaydin answered
our questions.
How long has your company been
in the business? What is the basis
of your product range?
We have been serving since
1995 and expanding our product
portfolio continuously. Presently
we basically produce licensed
products and pillows, quilts, bed
linens, home textiles, and bag
for mattresses that we designed
under license.
How large is your production
capacity? Is there any investment
plan to expand it more?
Production capacities vary for
product categories. In white
textiles category we can produce
about 2 thousand pillows,
1000 quilts, 1000 pillow covers
and about 1500 mattress bags
in one shift. Quality is more
important for us than production
volumes.
We have been building a new
factory that will expand our

27
capacity by two folds. It may be
operational in 2019 or earlier.
Technology changes fast.
Innovations in machinery are
reflected to the production. Which
technology do you have in your
factory?
The technology used in the
factory is up to date. Our
machinery inventory is continuously
renewed or new machines
are added. It is always time to
change, as mentioned in our
motto.
What are the major developments
in the mattress industry?
What is innovation in your
eyes?
Even if we may not be aware,
mattress is the most important
item for humans. All problems
Duygu Günaydın
Deputy General Manager

28
of the day end, happiness is
reminded, and a white page
begins on it. So, innovation is
the basic element of the mattress
industry. Our mattresses
should become healthier, more
modern and more hygienic. We
work to this end.
What was the new product of the
year? What are the specs of it?
We are working on new model
pillows and quilts now, at
the beginning of the year. We
share about them which will be
breathable and modern.
Customer satisfaction is
important. What do you do to
satisfy your customers more?
Including myself, all of our members
try to do more than we can
do. We inform to and communicate
with our customers from
the first moment of contact up
to the shipment at each stage
of order cycle.
Supporting
your
customers even
after the delivery
of the products, what
kind of solutions do you
offer to your customers?
We have always stood behind
our products even after sale; it
is our motto. It is a must to be
successful in the market. We get
feedback from our customers in
all cases. If there is a problem
we solve it immediately.
What activities do you engaged in
export markets? In which country
is your company strong in exports?
All categories
of our
products are sold
about the same amount in
exports. We try to reach out to
customers in all the countries
we sell our products with all our
products. The number of outlets
that our products are sold is
growing year after year.

30
Foreign Trade
Expectation Survey
of 1st Quarter, 2018
Foreign Trade Expectation Survey
(DTBA) reflects assessments of
Turkish foreign trade depending
on recent and current situations
along with future expectations
of leading firms. Particularly, it
helps to produce indices which
can be stated as leading indicators.
Export Expectation Index decreased
by 11.2 points to 112.5
in the 1st quarter of 2018 from
123.7 in the 4th quarter of
2017. Diffusion indices of Survey
questions composing the Export
Expectation Index show that,
in the 1st quarter of 2018, in
comparison to the 4th quarter
of 2017, expectations regarding
the level of export for the next
3 months, the level of current
export orders, export orders
belonging to the last 3 months
and expectations for the export
orders of the next 3 months have
decreasing effect over the Index.
Import Expectation Index increased
by 2.1 points to 115.0
in the 1st quarter of 2018
from 112.8 in the 4th quarter
of 2017. In the 1st quarter of
2017, in comparison to the 4th
quarter of 2017, among the
survey questions identifying the
Import Expectation Index, current
level of import orders and the
expectations regarding the level
of import for the next 3 months
have decreasing effects over
Index, while unit import price
for the next 3 months and level
of import orders of the last 3
months has increasing effects
over Index.
Source: Ministry of Economy

32
External assets increase by
5.8 pct, exceed $225B in
December 2017
Turkey’s external assets increased
by 5.8 percent as of
December last year to stand at
$227.9 billion compared with
the end of 2016, the Central
Bank of the Republic of Turkey
(CBRT) announced.
As of the end of last year, the
country’s liabilities against
non-residents rose by 17.1 percent
to reach $681.2 billion, the
bank said.
The net international investment
position (NIIP) -- the gap between
Turkey’s assets abroad
and liabilities -- amounted to
minus $453.3 billion in December
last year while it was minus
$366.2 billion at the end of
the previous year. Showing at
a point in time, the NIIP -- may
either be positive or negative
-- is the value of overseas assets
owned by a nation, minus the
value of domestic assets owned
by foreigners, including overseas
assets and liabilities held by a
nation’s government, the private
sector and its citizens.
Reserve assets, a sub-item under
assets, were $107.7 billion
at the end of December -- up 1.3
percent from the end of 2016
-- while other investments were
recorded at $77 billion, increasing
12.6 percent over the same
period.
CBRT data also showed that
currency and bank deposits, one
of the sub-items of other investments,
rose by 17.3 percent to
$34.9 billion compared with the
end of 2016.
On the liabilities side, direct
investment -- equity capital plus
other capital -- as of the end of
2017 recorded $180.3 billion,
marking a 26.2 percent increase
compared with the end of 2016
“with the contribution of the
changes in the market value and
foreign exchange rates,” the
bank said.
The total external loan stock of
the banks amounted to $92.5
billion as of December 2017, up
5.6 percent from the figure at
the end of the previous yea.

34
MÜSİAD proposes interestfree
financing model for
investment projects
In an effort to alleviate and
eliminate the burden of high
investment costs ensuing from
interest rates that hover around
20 percent in Turkey, the country’s
leading business nongovernmental
organization, the Independent
Businessmen and Industrialists
Association (MÜSIAD), has developed
an alternative model of
financing which they call “people-oriented”
finance. This model
basically calls for both conventional
and participation banks, which
barely include people in the process
of investments, to take part
in the country’s industrial projects
by way of multi-partnered funds
allocating finance to investors and
then sharing the profits of investments.
MÜSIAD chairman Abdurrahman
Kaan elaborated on the organization’s
projects to better
utilize Turkey’s financial system
in a mobilization effort to boost
investments, trade and exports.
Prioritizing production economics
in their analysis and projects,
Kaan said, MÜSİAD concludes that
interest rates are the biggest
obstacles hindering investments in
a sustainable growth environment.
“Therefore, we have put a lot of
labor into creating financing models
that excludes interest-rates.
No matter what the scale of
investments, this interest-free
model paves the way for investors
to become partners in investment
projects, contribute to economic
growth by financing projects and
accelerate social development in
the long run,” Kaan said.
This alternative model of financing
has so far produced three
multi-partnered funds, including a
venture capital fund, agricultural
investment fund and a real estate
investment fund. The next step,
Kaan emphasized, is to draw both
conventional and participation
banks into these funds to finance
projects. “It is necessary to include
banks in investment projects,
partner them with investors and
distribute profits. This model will
decrease the demand in interest,
thus will reduce the cost of investments.”
For this model to work,
MÜSIAD Chair Kaan underscored
both conventional and participation
banks must allocate a portion
of their deposits to these projects.
He noted that if 10 percent of the
total TL 2 trillion ($533 billion)
deposited in accounts, which
corresponds to TL 200 billion, is
allocated to investments projects,
the deposits would be mobilized
for business and trade operations.
“The reason why we are emphasizing
this model is the high
interest rates that reach 20
percent and produce extra investment
costs for businesspeople,
Abdurrahman Kaan
MÜSIAD Chairman
and these extra burdens impede
competitive capacity of our
businesses in the international
market.” MÜSIAD believes that the
current system excludes the human
factor in project financing as the
money held in savings account is
only used in the system as loans
without any return on the holder
except for the interest rate, but a
people-oriented approach will involve
more partners in investment
projects and a fairer allocation of
profits.

38
Elektroteks plugged
into progress!
On the way to Charlotte for ISPA Expo, Elektroteks is set to
realize more production, more productivity, more service and
more markets in 2018.
Pioneer of several innovations
in the mattress industry since its
foundation in 1990, Elektroteks
has offered new products and updates
that it will improve productivity
in manufacturing processes
in 2018 as well. The firm closes
the year 2017 with a remarkable
growth rate of 32%. Serkan Guler,
sales manager of Elektroteks company
forecasts that the mattress
industry will maintain its growth
trend in the new year.
How was the year 2107 for your
company?
It was real good. Though there
was a general stagnation in the
neighboring countries our business
was good, because we export
to 85 countries. We realized
32 percent growth and we have
new products and new versions of
present products. We made progress
in our productivity through
several projects. We expanded
our staff working in research and

39
development and production sections.
We dealt with several details
that will make our customers
more satisfied. We want to keep
our efforts in these fields in the
next year. We aim more markets,
better services, more production
and more productivity.
What were the new products you
introduced to the market?
New solutions are found for
the borders of mattresses. It is
already a dynamic market. When
mattress manufacturer wants new
borders we develop them in cooperation.
We make new machinery
for new bordering works. There
are several models. We studied
on the new gluing systems and
about assembly methods. We
have made some changes in the
ways of applying glue and a
different work related to mounting
methods. We study about the
use of hotmelt and water based
adhesives. We made research
and development for packaging
the block and rolled foams. In our
production line there are also
some machinery that are able to
pack, transport, handle and store
the mattresses automatically.
There are several new products
waiting to be launched in the
market in 2018. All will contribute
to the full automation of production
processes in mattress factories.
They will save the number of
workers needed for operations.
Data about the running processes

40
can be obtained, processed and
reported automatically for management
staff.
In which countries do you aim to
concentrate for exports?
Americas and Europe have promising
potentials so we will focus on
them.
What is your opinion about the
factories called “dark factory”
that were equipped with fully
automatic workstations?
In my opinion in is not seen as
possible for the mattress industry.
Certainly, when the number of
workers is reduced, the need for
lighting is also reduced. It is not
a possibility in especially the last
stages of production, processing
fabrics on outer layer.
Do you have any additional
comments?
The mattress industry has been
growing in general for years, and
it will grow in the future. Since
the forms are changing, people
are becoming more interested in
new mattresses, the growth trend
will maintain its dynamism in the
future.
Serkan Guler
Sales Manager of Elektroteks

44
Marie Clarke named as
ISPA Vice President for
Policy and Government
Affairs
(Alexandria, VA) – The
International Sleep Products
Association (ISPA) welcomes
Marie Clarke to its team as
Vice President for Policy and
Government Affairs. Clarke,
an attorney, will direct the
Association’s state and
federal governmental affairs
efforts and represent ISPA
and the mattress industry on
a broad range of regulatory
and legislative issues with
federal, state and local governments
and policymakers,
as well as relevant non-governmental
organizations. In
Marie Clarke
addition, she will manage
government affairs needs of
an ISPA affiliate, the Mattress
Recycling Council (MRC).
“I am very excited to be joining the International
Sleep Products Association and the Mattress
Recycling Council. I’m looking forward to meeting
members and serving the industry as an advocate
on legislative, regulatory and policy issues at the
federal, state and local levels,” said Clarke.
Prior to ISPA, Clarke served as Counsel in the Government
Affairs Division at the American Coatings
Association (ACA). While at ACA, Clarke served as
the lead advocate for PaintCare, an industry-led
product stewardship program operating in eight
states and the District
of Columbia that allows
consumers to take back
leftover house paint for recycling
and proper management.
She co-founded ACA’s
Sustainability Committee
and served as Counsel to
the International Paint and
Printing Ink Council. Clarke
received a BA in Political
Science from Villanova
University and a JD from the
Widener University Delaware
Law School. Marie is
admitted to practice law in
Pennsylvania, New Jersey,
and the District of Columbia.
“We are thrilled to have Marie join the ISPA and
MRC team. Her strong experience in managing
legislative and policy matters on behalf of another
trade association and non-profit in addressing
manufacturing and recycling issues are directly relevant
to the type of work in which both ISPA and
MRC are involved,” said Ryan Trainer, president of
both ISPA and MRC. “I am confident Marie will be
a good fit with both our membership and staff. I
look forward to working with her as she uses her
lobbying capabilities and project management
skills to advance the interests of both organizations.”

46
Nerteks runs to Far
West and Far East
As a dynamic firm operating in the yarn industry to serve
several sectors including the mattress manufacturers Nerteks
has been scheduled to exhibit at ISPA Expo and Interzum
Guangzhou.
Nerteks is one of the leading
industrial thread manufacturers
in Istanbul, Turkey. En route to
Charlotte for Ispa Expo and to
Guangzhou for Interzum, we asked
the activities of the company to
Muhammet Saim Ergin of Nerteks.
He gave interesting details about
their operations:
Can you introduce Nerteks for our
international readers?
In 1969, Nerteks was established
as a family company to provide
industrial yarns, threads and
textile sub-products. With 18
years experience in production,
we develop new products and
produce high quality threads in
our manufacturing plant which has
12,000 m² closed production area.
Our environmental friendly factory
is located 40 miles from Istanbul
and equipped with the latest
technology.
What does Nerteks produce for the
mattress and furniture industries
and what will you display at ISPA
Expo?
Nerteks provides an extensive
variety of threads used during all
sewing operations in mattress,
bed and furniture manufacturing.
We produce our goods in a wide

47
Muhammet Saim Ergin
Owner of Nerteks
range of thread types and colors to create
solutions for your all production stages
such as quilting (top and bottom threads),
tape edge, lock-stitch, furniture upholstery
and decorative sewing. We are growing
day by day. With more than 40 years
experience in yarn and sewing thread
industry and long R&D works, Nerteks Iplik
is excite about presenting antimicrobial,
flame retarding, metaaramid and paraaramid
threads at Interzum Guangzhou
exhibition. Our products are specifically
enhanced in close collaboration with mattress,
bedding and furniture producers to
deliver maximum productivity and the best
quality of seams in the finished product.
Our main products are:
•Continuous Filament Polyester Sewing
Thread (HOT)
•Textured Polyester Sewing Thread (NER-
TEX)
•Cocoon Bobbins (NERKOZA)
•Polyester Corespun with Polyester Wrap
(POLY MAX)
•Staple Spun Polyester Sewing Thread
(MASTER, SPRING)
•Polyester Corespun with Cotton Wrap
(JOKER)
•Mercerized Cotton Sewing Thread (ON)

48
•Cotton Sewing Thread (MISRA)
•Stretch Sewing Thread (NERFLEX)
•Monofilament Nylon Thread
(NERLON)
•Technic Threads (Antimicrobial,
Flame Retarding, Metaaramid and
Paraaramid)
What are your expectations from
Interzum Guangzhou?
We know that Interzum Guangzhou
is an efficient and effective
‘one-stop’ trading platform in China.
After long year visits in 2017,
we decided to have our first booth
in the exhibition. It was a good
experience to meet new contacts,
have numerous interesting and
promising talks, and follow the
latest technologies and developments
in global market.
We are glad of having a chance to
present our products enhanced for
furniture and mattress manufacturing
industry again in 2018, too.

50
CIFM /
interzum
guangzhou
to trigger the
trade!
Asia’s leading event
in the woodworking
machinery, furniture
production and
interior design
industry, CIFM /
interzum guangzhou to
generate huge volume
of trade as every year,
March 28-31, 2018
The gigantic show of the woodworking
machinery, furniture production
and interior design industry
was first introduced into the
China market in 2004. The event
originated from interzum (Since
1959) by Koelnmesse GmbH, one
of the largest trade fair companies
in the world with 90 years of
professional experience.
CIFM / interzum guangzhou 2018
has again attracted very quality
exhibitors and it is expected
that the show will be the main
meeting point of the industry as
soon as it opens its doors in the
morning of March 28th.
Over 1,300 exhibitors from more
than 30 countries and regions
such as Turkey, Germany, Italy,
Japan, Spain, Malaysia,
Singapore, the United States,
Belgium, Denmark, France and
Latvia will be sprawled across the
150,000-square meter exhibition
space spanning five halls: Wood-

51

52
working Machinery, Upholstery
Machinery, Materials and Textile,
Fittings and Components.
At the same time, eight country
and association pavilions from
Germany, USA/Canada, Turkey,
French Timber, American Hardwood
Export Council, Malaysian Timber
Council, Canada Wood and Quebec
Wood Export Bureau - also
from Canada - will showcase wood
materials, furniture hardware and
interior decoration materials from
some 100 international exhibitors.
CIFM / interzum guangzhou 2018
is poised to outperform the last
edition on various fronts featuring
more brands, a wider array of
products and an expanded series
of fringe activities.
Global leading industry players
have wasted no time in filing
their applications to participate in
the over-subscribed event. These
heavyweights include: IMA, SCM,
Biesse, FGV, Sige (Italy); Homag,
Duerkopp, OKIN, Covestro, Schattdecor,
Pollmeier (Germany); DTC,
Taiming (China), LINAK (Denmark);
Bekaert Deslee, Artilat/Global

54
Textile Alliance/Monks (Belgium);
Boyteks Tekstil (Turkey); Alvic,
Lamigraf (Spain); Titus (United
Kingdom); Bostik (France) and H.
B. Fuller (United States).
Visitors can also expect a healthy
showing of new brands debuting
in the upcoming edition, including:
CINETTO, Aper, Ebanisteria
Marelli, Saveplac (Italy); Cossla
(China); Best Label (Taiwan); LSK
(Malaysia), LS Lighting, UNGRICHT
(Germany) and Debo Europe
(Netherlands).
With smaller apartment sizes, customizing
furniture is an effective
way of maximizing space usage
- something which traditional
finished furniture is not able to
achieve, thus the industry’s vitality,
according to Mr Pan Xiaozhen,
general manager at GoldenHome
– a renowned kitchen cabinet
brand in China.
Mr Pan also believes that the
domestic customized furniture
industry can maintain an annual
growth rate of no less than 20 per
cent for the next five to ten years.
As China’s home furnishing market
and urbanization continue to
experience rapid development
in recent years, growth of the
custom furniture market has been
fast tracked. The main consumers
of custom-made furniture are the
middle and high-end groups who
are concerned with the art of
living as well as the design-conscious
post-80s and 90s, fully
demonstrating the consumers’
pursuit of personality, fashion,
comfort and environmental friendliness.
This development has also shifted
consumers’ focus to raw and
auxiliary materials, such as wood
panels, worktops, handles, sliding
tracks and hinges. The use of wellknown
brands has become a key
factor in distinguishing the grade
of custom furniture.

56
Seizing this growth potential, a
Custom Furniture Suppliers zone
will be launched at the international
hall area in 2018 to
gather well-known custom furniture
suppliers from abroad with
product categories covering wood
panels, decorative materials,
furniture hardware and upholstery
and accessories. Custom furniture
manufacturers, interior decor companies
and interior designers can
learn about innovative products,
cutting-edge technology and the
development trends of custom
furniture.
During the exhibition, a dedicated
cocktail reception will be held
to provide a platform for exchange
between exhibitors and visitors,
as well as enhance participation
experience.
CIFM / interzum guangzhou 2018
online visitor pre-registration is
now open.

58
Biocrystal ® innovation
continues establishing trends in
Bedding, Furniture and many
other industries
Biocrystal, a Croatian innovative
company which excels in the
best possible sources of energy
renewal and overall body
balance. We made an exclusive
interview with Mr. Zlatko
Karajic, Managing Director of
Biocrystal Technologies company,
the inventor and provider of
well-known Biocrystal® Mixture
recognizable for adding value
and active treatment to numerous
applications about their
success story.
How was the idea of Biocrystal®
developed?
Our business strategy has
always contained the idea of
innovation, of a constant search
for new and better solutions
to offer to our customers. This
is the reason we started looking
for a unique solution, that
was later determined as an
announcement of an entirely
new era in bedding, furniture,
automotive and many, many
other industries.
As usual, the answer is right
in front of you, all you have to
do is recognize a chance. The
answer we were looking for was
in a material that comes from
the depths of the earth’s crust,
from an untouched nature and,
as such, without any side influence
represents the most stable
form of energy - crystals. Another
benefit was that the area of
application is already extremely
wide – many medical devices
would not exist without crystals,
such as various electronic devices
too… Even the clock on your
hand wouldn’t work if crystals
haven’t played their role.
Discovering highly efficient mix
of crystals – Biocrystal®, it took
9 years of research, precise
testing and measuring. Our
efforts resulted with a highly efficient
mixture whose energetic
influence is scientifically tested
Mr. Zlatko Karajic
Managing Director of Biocrystal
and proved, and brings the
improvement of functional state
of organism.
How do the crystals in Biocrystal®
work?
Crystals in Biocrystal® are tested
and proven to balance body
processes, improve the metabolism
of the cell, make impact
to the circulation routes (blood,
lymph, energy), and ensure that
body is in optimal state when
it can resist the physical and
mental effort, stress, pressure,
general way of everyday living.
Considering all the benefits,
Biocrystal® is a perfect answer
to people’s increasing needs to

60
fully renew consumed and much
needed energy, and provides
them to keep up with an active
life, and be ready to fulfill their
daily efforts and challenges.
What are the options of application
of Biocrystal®?
Biocrystal® mixture is suitable
for an easy implementation in a
wide range of products made for
everyday use and that ultimately
bring to life improvement.
Today we differentiate two
options of Biocrystal® appearance,
depending on the implementation
potential: Biocrystal®
Mixture and Biocrystal® Powder.
Mixture is intended to be used
as one of the additives - additives
in the production of various
kinds of foam. Foam improved
with Biocrystal® is further used
in the production of bedding
products (mattresses, toppers,
pillows...), furniture, airplanes
and car seats…
Biocrystal® Powder is obtained
by further grinding of the Biocrystal®
mixture in the size of
3 to 6 microns implementable
thread, yarn and textiles. The
efficiency of both raw materials
remains the same, even
though the size of the smallest
grain in Biocrystal® Mixture
and Biocrystal® Powder are
different and made to be easily
implementable into appropriate
products.
What makes your product different
than the rest of the market’s
offers?
Well, to be honest, we in Biocrystal
Technologies are certainly
not the only one to recognize
crystals’ efficiency, as their
properties have been known for
ages, but we are the first ones
to choose 16 specific crystals,
according their proven beneficial
impact to human’s body
and who have adjusted them to
be implementable and usable
through almost any well-being
product you can imagine.
Biocrystal’s scientifically proven
efficiency, measurable impact
to human’s organism, easiness
of implementation, as well as
wideness and simplicity – after
all, are what makes it different
form many other innovative
products on the market today.
Biocrystal® is the innovation
that made various industries,
such as bedding, furniture, automotive
industry, to switch from
producing passive products to
active ones which offer greater
efficiency, measurable impact
and offer users added value.
The implementation of Biocrystal®
into the other product is
usually extremely simple and
does not require any additional
investments into production
machinery.
What are the main benefits
produced by Biocrystal® for end
customers?

62
The main benefit, both to
producer and customer is a fact
that Biocrystal® implemented
inside almost any product you
can imagine, transforms that
very product from passive to
an active one, offering not just
comfort but also an added value
and active treatment for the
end-customer.
Considering research results,
in house researches as well
as usually the most important
feedback – word of mouth, we
can conclude that products enriched
with Biocrystal® provides
well-being effect along with
improving quality of living and
enabling the body to achieve its
optimal natural condition to fight
stress, lack of energy, tiredness.
Biocrystal® is an innovation
whose impact is experienced
and recommended by doctors
from various fields of medicine,
by world famous athletes, an
award-winning innovation that
is constantly scientifically tested
and proven during the previous
decade.
You mentioned that scientific
researches were done at
Biocrystal’s efficiency. What kinds
of methods were used for this?
In Biocrystal Technologies, we
are extremely focused to pro-

64
viding scientific proof regarding
efficiency of our products.
Therefor, both Biocrystal Mixture
and Biocrystal® Powder obtain
“Certificate of energy influence
on humans”.
Concretely, measurements were
done on the functional changes
of the body condition and
on several specific physiological
parameters (such as: skin
conductance, heart rate, muscle
tension, respiration frequency,
respiration depth, etc.) which
were measured with various devices
(BICOM, EEG, ECG, etc.).
Significant positive changes
caused by usage of product with
Biocrystal® implemented inside
are constantly being measured
and constantly reexamined.
The changes researches noted
within stated parameters have
pointed that user of Biocrystal®
product:
• experience increased body
energy and concentration;
• feels more relaxed and
tranquilized;
• Experience improved sleep
quality.
What are your predictions
regarding further development of
Biocrystal®, in the year 2018th?
With many new projects coming
up and requiring focus from our
company in 2018th, we will
keep aiming to enlarge the field
of application of our innovation.
In 2018th, I believe that Biocrystal®
innovation will continue
establishing trends in even
more industries than today as
it is already recognized as a
“must have” added value to
products.

65
Boyteks blows wind of
innovation for healthy
sleep comfort
Boyteks continues to be a source
of inspiration for its customers
and pioneer of the sectors
through its innovative approaches
presented to the sector with
sustainable and smart textiles
as well as environmental friendly
natural product technologies. We
will be bringing our customers
and the latest mattress ticking
technology in Ispa Expo, Interzum
Guangzou and Evteks trade fairs
with Hemp, Graphene, Umorfil,
and Self Cleaning recently included
in the product range.
UMORFIL® Beauty Fiber® helps
your skin remains healthy and
moisture throughout the sleep
while ensuring a thermal
comfort in excellent
conformity
with
the skin by means of collagen
peptide and amino acids inherently
found in specially designed
thread structure. This special
textile product is also used in
garments by world renown textile
brands. It is brought forward into
practice by Boyteks in the area of
mattress ticking.
While Hemp introduces bedrooms
with the green flora of the nature,
Graphene offers a peaceful sleeping
comfort away from stress.
Self Cleaning incorporates a
technology helping the product to
clean itself under the light thanks
to its special structure.
Depending on the changing
living conditions, requirement
for new
materials
con-
stantly increasing with each passing
day. While “sleep comfort” is
advancing towards a new dimension
with new features, Boyteks
R&D Manager Özkan Yıldızhan
has stated that users today shall
continue to focus on the products
supporting to improve and
remedy the negativities occurring
depending on the environmental
factors throughout the sleep. For
instance; adverse weather conditions,
daily fatigue resulting from
the increasing tempo and many
unfavourable factors can be remedied
and meliorated during sleep.
It is substantial for the mattress
ticking to be selected accurately
for the sleep to be of high quality.
For instance; while a fatigued skin
requires constant cosmetic care,
sleeping on beds featuring umorfil
shall be the most effortless alternative
solution without needing
that. Beds made of Boyteks
mattress ticking featuring
with Graphene shall
help you to
blow off
the

66
stress and the tension resulting
from the electrostatic charge
accumulating in your body with
ease by sleeping on them thanks
to miraculous thread structure
acquired from the nature. Furthermore,
we cannot overlook the fact
that natural products which have
become a lifestyle are preferred
during sleep. Therefore hemp mattress
ticking made of sustainable
environmental friendly hemp fibre
and with its natural fibre structure
Özkan Yıldızhan
Boyteks R&D Manager
is put into practice for the very
first time by Boyteks for the bedding
sector.
There is already an intense interest
for our products that are sources
of inspiration for manufacturers
responding to user expectations
in the trade fairs we participate.
8-10% of the world population
sleep on beds manufactured from
Boyteks mattress ticking. This rate
is increasing with each passing
day and we are endeavouring to
further increase the awareness
of the users for the innovative
products. Exporting to more than
100 countries, Boyteks increases
its market share in the entire
world markets each year through
its smart textile technologies and
develops innovative solutions rendering
sleep more comfortable.
Beyond the expectations of today’s
consumers, Boyteks rapidly
advances its R&D activities for
the purpose of contributing to the
development of smart mattress
ticking technologies functionalizing
our living spaces and identifying
with our lives.
Continuing to break grounds in
the sector with its innovations,
Boyteks shall proceed with bringing
its customers together with its
innovations in the leading trade
fairs of the sector.

68
Form Foam keeps its power
in international arena
En route to
Charlotte, North
Carolina, to
participate in
ISPA to find new
customers and to
keep its commercial
ties well, Form
Sünger’s (Form
Foam’s) next stop
will be Interzum
Guangzhou fair.
Form Foam has a booth of 100
sqm in ISPA participating in for
the third time. Varieties of foams
are to be exhibited in the fair, including
the visco, high resilience,
flame retardant foams and visco
pillows and foam mattresses.
Other products of the company
are protect form, magnecity form
and cotto form developed by its
R&D team. Visitors are expected
to come from America and South
American countries.
By participating in Interzum
Guangzhou the company will be
able to contact with prospective
visitors coming from China and
other neighboring countries.
Interzum is known with emphasize
on furniture and mattress industries
including other materials and
elements related to these industries.
The major aim of Form Foam
in this fair is to seek new business
opportunities with visitors coming
from China and other countries
including Europe, Middle East and
Gulf countries.

70
The Development Plan to
serve Turkey’s target to enter
top-10 global economies
Focused on its development
targets toward 2023, Turkey
unveiled the latest development
plan that was prepared in due
consideration of the country’s recent
achievements in areas such
as economic growth, exports and
inflation. Covering a four-year
period from 2019 to 2023, the
Plan was introduced in a ceremony
at the Presidential Complex
with President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan
and Prime Minister Binali
Yıldırım in attendance.
Poised to be completed in June,
the plan will start to be carried
out in 2019 and it is projected
to include education and employment
policies for the transformation
and improvement of
human capital. The plan targets
to ensure a $2 trillion gross
domestic product (GDP), raise
per capita income to $25,000,
achieve $500 billion in exports,
lower unemployment to 5 percent
and permanently reduce
inflation to single digits.
Speaking at the ceremony,
President Erdoğan elaborated on
Turkey’s development journey
since 2002 and highlighted the
country’s 2023 vision which he
said is the most concrete example
of planned development.
“We have set the goal to become
one of the top 10 global
economies by 2023,” he said.
Since 2002, Erdoğan underscored,
the government has
focused on the development and
improvement of Turkey’s natural
resources while accomplishing
energy investments required by
fast industrialization.
“The fact that governments since
2002 have raised the per capita
income from $3,500 to around
$11,000 is a historic success,”
he said.
Explaining the development
story of Turkey during the last
one and half decade, the president
informed that the amount
of public investments was TL
17 billion ($4.5 billion) in 2002
but the figure jumped to TL 128
billion in 2017.

71
In terms of public-private partnership
(PPP) projects, a total of 67
projects worth $11.4 billion were
delivered from 1986 to 2002.
The number of PPP projects from
2002 to 2017 have totaled to
158 while their value was calculated
at $50.6 billion. The PPP
projects accomplished over the
course of this period include the
Marmaray and Eurasia tunnel.
While Turkey will continue its
diversified economic development
program with a focus
on digital transformation and
technology-intensive industrial
production, it will also keep
carrying out renewable energy
projects to respond to the needs
of growing industry and population,
President Erdoğan said. In
2002, Turkey’s GDP was $236
billion but the figure saw an
immense increase and reached
$863 billion. This growth performance,
the president said,
produced 8.3 million additional
jobs.
Again 15 years ago, the ratio
of budget deficit to national
income was 11.3 percent, which
fell to 1.5 percent in 2017.
Moreover, the interest expenditures
also made up 14.4 percent
of the national income and in
2017 the ratio fell to 1.8 percent.
“We invested in both the physical
infrastructure and in our people.
We are now moving from
the vicious circle of textile and
agro-based industry to a technology-intensive
industry. We
need a breakthrough that will
increase the share of high-technology-based
production in
the industry. While carrying
out energy investments, on the
other hand, we are also trying to
develop our natural resources,”
Erdoğan said.
He also elaborated on the defense
industry, underscoring that
the rate of domestic resources in
the defense industry, which was
20 percent in 2002, has now
reached over 65 percent.

72
Aydin Textile opens
new mattress fabric
factory
Aydin Textile extends
its steps aiming to
become a global
player in the mattress
fabrics industry with
new production line
Aydin Textile, a deep-rooted
company in the textile industry
in Turkey, is working nonstop to
complete its new production line
for mattress fabrics in Kayseri to
expand its capacity. The company
has been selling its jacquard
and knitted fabrics for the mattress
industry in world market.
The new facility also has an R&D
center for the development of
innovative products. The firm will
keep its activities in 2018 to
present new ideas and products
that will improve sleep quality
for the people.
Bodylock fastens to feel asleep by
balancing the clock in the body
Aging, working under stress and
jet lag are main causes for sleep
problems that reduce the quality
of sleep. Most of these problems
are caused by the damage of
timing in the body. Aydın Textile
aims to overcome these prob-

73
lems with its bodylock fabrics
that send signals to the body
to adjust the time machine and
help to feel asleep easily.
Coolness is for comfortable sleeps
in summer heat
Coolness is developed to solve
the problems of getting sleep
and awakening tired caused
by the heat of summer nights.
Coolness, the new fabric gives a
sense of cool and pave the way
for better sleep experiences.
Airmaster is to get rid of bad odors
Airmaster fabric masks the bed
scents originating from the body
itself and from the outside. By
preventing stingy scents it offers
better, more comfortable and
peaceful sleep.

74
Designs that
force the limits of
technology
Exporting to more than 70 countries on five continents to
contribute to the national economy of Turkey, Nova closed the
year 2017 with 40% growth in its exports.
Nova is one of the regular exhibitors
in ISPA, by combining its
knowledge in the industry with
the tools of the latest technologies.
A new understanding awaits the
visitors
Preparing joyfully for the show,
the company will display its product
portfolio that includes pocked
springs, bonnel spring systems,
steel wires, foams, fibers and
foam mattress materials. The company
watch closely the developments
in the field of industry 4.0
that has brought several opportunities
for innovative companies.
Having the up-to-date automation
systems in its production facilities,
Nova will present an innovative
viewpoint to its visitors through
new products that offer a new
breath in the industry.

75
40% growth in exports in 2017
Exporting to more than 70 countries
on five continents to contribute
in the national economy of
Turkey, Nova, who sees the world
as one global target, closed the
year 2017 with 40 % of growth in
its exports. Being an environmental
and human friendly corporation
is the main priority in all its products
and production operations.
Nova aims to be remembered for
long after the show
While producing all its products
by using latest technology at
contemporary standards strategically
in its integrated production
facilities, Nova aims to be a dependable
and preferable business
partner in world markets. Along all
days of the event, the company
will display and introduce its designs
and products that forces the
limits of technology and design
world that are demanded by mattress
and furniture manufacturers
worldwide. The company aims to
be one of the brands and names
that is remembered for long after
the event.

76
Mert Makina to showcase
competitive mattress machinery
at ISPA EXPO 18
Updating its
technology
continuously
to improve its
production Mert
Machinery is
one of the most
leading companies
in mattress
production
machinery
category
Based in Kayseri, a central Anatolian
industrial city dominated
in the mattress manufacturing industry,
Mert Machinery company
is specialized in mattress manufacturing
machinery. Established
in 1993 the company ensured
the trust of many producers with
the mechanical quilting machine
it had produced those years. In
this regard Mert Machinery has
been providing service to the
mattress producers for a quarter
century by incorporating all sorts
of mattress machines from A to
Z. This confidence led the brand
to become the first company in
Turkey and one of the most outstanding
companies in the world
in the field o mattress machinery
production.
Mert Machinery has become the
innovative power of this sector
by providing the automatic
production lines to the service
of mattress producers in order to
minimize the increasing cost of
mattress production.
Mert Machinery provides service
to its clients for long years by
continuing the care and support
it has presented before the sale.
Mustafa Nebi Dogan, manager
of the firm informed about their
new factory that is equipped
with the most up-to-date CNC

77
and production machinery and
that increases the total capacity
by 30 percent. “We are focusing
not solely on investments on
machinery but on the systems
development. We have been
watching the developments on
the Industry 4.0 concept that
has a potential to change the
production systems radically and
completely in the world. This
revolution was started in Germany
and began to influence the
industry in other countries.
Turkey and Turkish companies
has started activities aiming to
get their share from the industrial
revolution with pilot projects
and by investing in basics.
Industry 4.0 means the converging
of cyber and physical worlds
in production systems, it will
make production facilities “smart
factories” that can be operated
without any human control automatically
and at full capacity.
These cyber-physical systems
will cause several changes in
research and development,
design, marketing, production
processes, costs, energy, and
quality fields. As Mert Machine
we invest most in these areas.
Besides we are increasing our
production volumes in line with
growth rate of the country. Next
year we will move to our new
factory of 10 thousand sqm.
With this, our capacity will increase
30 percent with additional
machinery.”
Mr. Dogan highlighted three
important machinery to add
competition power of mattress
manufacturers:
Mustafa Nebi Dogan

78
M – 1200 MULTI NEEDLE QUILTING
MACHINE - DOUBLE CHAIN STITCH
TECHNOLOGY
Technical Details
Our M-1200 quilting machine
has the ability of straight sewing
and jump pattern quilting
with 1200 rpm production speed
even with the thickest materials.
Thanks to the industrial
touch panel PC, it is designed
to provide ease of use with its
features of expansion in width
and lengthwise, stitch length
adjustment, length adjustment
for jump patterns, pattern layout
page, remote modem connection,
adjustable normal sewing
speed and jump pattern sewing
speed. Innovations are made
such as stopping automatically
for personnel safety when
bottom and top thread break
or end, and when rear or front
covers are opened; easy Luper
adjustment.

79
M – 2200 AUTOMATIC MATTRESS
PACKING MACHINE
Technical Details
The rising amount and variety of
mattress production has made
the need for automatic mattress
packing machine unavoid able.
M-2200 Automatic Mattress
Packing Machine continues to be
the choice of mattress manufacturers
with its features of fast
production, low cost of packing
and labor, plus it offers perfect
packing.
M – 5000 QUILTED PANEL AND BORDER CUTTING
MACHINE
Technical Details
M-5000 Quilted Panel and Border Cutting
Machine provides panel and border cut for the
mattress preparation of the quilted material.
M-5000 Quilted Panel Cutting Machine is able
to make millimetric cuts thanks to its special
design and driver control, to make straight
slices of mattress side borders with 12 cutting
blades and rolls on machine with the rolling
attachment on this border cut. Today, M-5000
works with perfect compliance behind all chain
and lock stitch Quilting Machines, thanks to
its high speed and millimetric sensitivity.

80
Boyçelik ready to upgrade
its powerful presence in
the foreign markets by
participating in ISPA EXPO
Boyçelik will meet
with the most
prominent players
of the American
mattress industry
during the Fair
Being the world’s second largest
mattress producer after China,
America produces an average of
170-200 thousand mattresses
per day. Approximately 50-60%
of this production volume is carried
out by major producers such
as Tempur-Sealy, Serta Simmons,
Corsicana Bedding, Therapedic,
Symbol, Restonic and King Koil.
More than one thousand firms
have been operating in the
American mattress industry.
Boyçelik will participate in ISPA
EXPO Charlotte, North Carolina,
the USA for the third time,
aiming at meeting with potential
buyers from North America,
South America, Canada and
Central America.
ISPA EXPO comes once every
two years – the world’s largest
trade show exclusively for
the sleep products industry.

81
Boyçelik was visited
by 150 companies
from 45 different
countries during the
Fair held in Orlando.
Boyçelik, which
currently exports
to majority of these
companies, will
participate in the Fair
with a stand covering
140 square meters
this year.
At ISPA EXPO this year, March
16-18 2018, mattress producers,
innovators, and industry leaders
come from around the globe to
explore for the equipment, components,
and services they need
– and to envision what’s next.
Boyçelik has been producing
variety of steel wires, pocket
springs , bonnell springs, SL
springs, zig zag springs for the
mattress industry. As known,
Boyçelik mainly exports its products
to European countries, USA,
South America, the Middle East,
North Africa and Far East.
It should be noted that Boyçelik, displaying its diverse range of
inputs for the mattress industry, was visited by 150 companies from
45 different countries during the Fair held in Orlando.
Making its presence felt more than ever in foreign markets, Boyçelik,
which currently exports to majority of these companies, will participate
in the Fair with a stand covering 140 square meters.

82
Comfyteks
progresses
with R&D
studies
On the way to go to Charlotte for ISPA EXPO, Comfyteks has
great plans for the future. Heaving the features of refreshing
skin and souls Comfytex mattress fabrics restores the tired body
during sleep
Comfyteks is a leading company
operating in the mattress industry
to develop, manufacture and
supply innovative fabric for the
manufacturers. The company will
again showcase its innovative
products at ISPA EXPO this year.
Improving sleep quality and
developing features to help
refresh both skin and soul during
sleep Comfyteks is full steam
ahead in R&D studies. Pointing
out that they would invest in
jacquard weaving mattress fabric
in 2018, Selim Sahin, Assistant
General Manager of Comfyteks
underlined that their first priority
was to offer the best service to
their customers in an exclusive
interview conducted by Sleep
Tech magazine:
Our company started R&D and
innovation researches in 2014.
The R&D team was founded and
started to work quickly in the
same year. Strategic targets
have been determined and the
important projects have been
realized fort his aim. In 2015,
we had same researches on
the magnetic field studies of
Ibna Sina, an important medical
scientist who lived in the 9th
century. Inspired by his works,
we have then launched the
TESLA fabric which fibers and
yarns haave natural magnetic
properties.
Our team continues to work on
new projects with inspiration
which is a result of the successful
Tesla Project. New designs have
been developed for the bedding
market in 2016. Freeze meditation
Sakura sleep products
and our brand new anti-cellulite
fabric are some of our innovative
brands which have been offered
to our partners and all mattress
manufacturer in Interzum Köln
fair.
Comfytex continues to its own
way with increasing R&D team
who developed the best brands
of the sector to offer to the
manufacturers this year too. Our
new innovated brands and their
features are as follows.
The team continues to work with
new projects. Avicenna, Village
Crypton, and color to color are a
few of the new projects.

83
Selim Sahin,
Assistant General Manager of Comfytex
In today’s urban life, obligations,
stress and immobility can
cause to encounter a variety of
pain in our body. Sedanter life,
activities, stress, wrong posture,
long sitting at the desk /
computer and lack of fitness can
cause pain in the body.
Pain is a perception which leads
to unpleasant person panic and
escape behavior, which generally
originate from a corner
of the body. Pain causes lots
of discomforts such as fatigue,
disease, and imbalance, which
reduces life quality. In the mechanism
of pain, a physical message
is transmitted to the brain
directly from the area of pain.
Avicenna mattress ticking reduces
the activities of transmitting
pain stimulation via blocking
pain perception pathways by
the help of the active substances
contained in it.
Pain is the Sleep Thief
Pain and sleep are integrally
connected, pain is very common
in people who have poor sleep,
and it sort of becomes a vicious
cycle. Pain affects your sleep
quality and can wake you up by
dividing your sleep.
In this way Avicenna provides reducing
pain stimulation transmission
activities, and pain relief,
anti-inflammatory effect. Avicenna
mattress ticking helps to relax
muscles and reduce pain while
sleeping, and helps the body to
be healthier and improves the
life quality.
The International Association for
the Study of Pain (IASP) defines
pain as an unpleasant sensory
and emotional experience associated
with actual or potential
tissue damage.
•Medıcal
•Comfort

84
•Relax
•Skin friendly
•Biological
Coenzyme Q10 is an effective
antioxidant. Coenzyme Q10
neutralizes free radicals and
protects skin cell structure and
slows down the negative effects
of aging on the body.
However, as the age increases,
Coenzyme Q10 in each cell in
the body decreases.
Decreasing of Coenzyme Q10
reduces the collagen and elastin
fibers that provide skin tightness
and causes the skin to thin and
dry.
Q10 mattress ticking;
Increases collagen and elastin
fiber production in the skin and
helps to protect it from external
factors
•By antioxidant property Q10
minimizes effects of free radicals
and helps the skin is to be
young and tight.
•Maintains skin moisture and
elasticity.
•Gives silky softness and
smoothness to the skin
•Unique
•Skin care
Comfort
•Vitality
•Biologic
People with respiratory conditions
gives carbon dioxide into
environment. The continuity of
the respiration causes the accumulation
of carbon dioxide in the
closed environment.
Increasing concentrations of carbon
dioxide in the environment
may cause disorders such as
respiratory diseases, headache,
loss of appetite, eye, nose and
throat irritation, concentration
impairment and fatigue while
decreasing sleep quality.The
Village Mattress ticking captures
carbon dioxide during sleep and
prevents to increase of carbon
dioxide concentration in the
environment.
Village mattress ticking absorbs
carbon dioxide thus helps to
increase the air quality and thus
the sleep quality.
•Unique
•Fresh air
•Comfort
•Softness
•Skin friendly

85
•Unıque
•Water repellent
•Easy care
•Antıbacterial
•No odor
Garden of beautiful dreams.
•Pleasant odour
•Softness
•Relaxing
•Comfort
•Mıkro capsule
Sakura flower is considered a
symbol of the beauty of Japan,
similar to the roses, the representation
of female beauty
West. Sakura extract has potent
bioactive compounds with bene-
Crypton mattress ticking has two
functions, which are protected
against stains and which offer
hygienic features at the same
time.
The active ingredient at the
bottom of the protective layer
in the Crypton mattress ticking
provides protection against
microorganisms such as bacteria,
mold, and fungi.
Crypton mattress ticking offers
two technologies in one fabric.
Water and soil repellency: Water
droplets and sludge is less retained
on the fabric surface and
can be easily cleaned.
Easy care: Cleaning of Crypton
mattress ticking is easy
Hygienic: The Crypton mattress
ticking contains actives that
prevent the growth of microorganisms
and protect the hygiene
of the product.
Ecological: Crypton mattress
ticking requires less water and
energy to clean.
Washable: The characteristic of
Crypton mattress ticking is resistance
to washing.
Breathable: Crypton mattress
ticking structure is breathable
and protects its softness.

86
ficial effects on the skin, including
anti-glycation, stimulation of
fibroblast collagen production,
moisturizing, whitening and
other beautifying and anti-aging
benefits. Sakura flowers are
rich in antioxidants and skin as
well as help to clean up all the
pollution on the inevitable. In
addition, Sakura flower essential
acids that can help repair
damage from natural cells and
lead to more skin shiny. Sakura
flowers more suitable for older
people because a plant has
been used against wrinkles and
make skin. Sakura flower also
has anti-inflammatory and helps
the skin opaque sun is bright.
In addition, it can help clean up
toxic on the skin, leaving the
skin clean, healthy.
More confident and smooth skin
with Comfytex anti-cellulite
The New Revolutionary Way to
Shape Your Body
Human body emits energy all
the time, while we are walking,
sleeping, running, working and
so on. This energy is emitted
in the form of heat in order to
make our body and metabolism
work properly. The bioactive
crystals inside mattress ticking
absorbs this heat and emits Far
Infrared rays which will interact
with the body, stimulating the
blood microcirculation, leading
to a better performance and to
skin care benefits.
FEATURES
•Revealing the cosmetic power
of Comfytex anti-cellulite mattresses
ticking
•Usage of far infrared rays that
gently warm the deeper layers
of the skin
•Stimulating the blood microcirculation
•Leading to a better performance
and to skin care benefits
•This gentle heating contributes
to the shaping of fat cells
•Reduction of cellulite appearance
or orange peel
•Improvement of skin smoothness
•Increase of skin firmness and
elasticity
•Softness
•Washable
•Unique
•Comfort
•Certified
3D SPACER,
Spacer fabric is a three-dimensional
knitted fabric consisting of
two separate knitted substrates
which are joined together or
kept apart by spacer yarns.
Spacer is a highly breathable,
cushioned, multi-functional
fabric, used in wide variety
products.
Unlike regular, 2D fabrics, Spacer
uses two separate fabrics,
joined by microfilament yarn, to
form a breathable 3D structure
and “microclimate” between the
layers. Thanks to high permeability
heat and vapor transfer is
provided. The cool air provided
by special structure of Spacer
offers temperature control and
maximum air circulation.
Spacer fabrics are widely used in
different products such as mobile
textiles (car seat covers, dashboard
cover), industrial textiles
(composites), medical textiles
(anti-decubitus products), and
sports textiles.
Benefits are:
•High air permeability
•Unlimited Color

87
•Softness
•Pressure distribution
•Durability
color changing effect can be a
warning feature for a possible
situation.
•Color to color ticking can be
washed. Color to color ticking is
breathable and offer a comfortable
sleep.
•Skin friendly
•Washable
•Unique
•Thermocromic
•Heat control
• Color to color mattress ticking
has the ability of set the color in
accordance with external ambient
temperature. This feature
is actualized thanks to thermochromic
yarns which is in its
structure.
•Color-changing materials by
heat are called thermochromic
materials.
•When color to color ticking
reaches to threshold temperature,
the color of ticking changes.
When the stimulus effect is
over they return to their original
state and take their first color.
•Color to color ticking changes
the color by absorbing heat
from the body when the body
temperature is raised. When the
body temperature drops, the
first color is reached again. This
Meditation ticking has the
feature of receiving and spreading
the static energy in body.
Meditation ticking decreases the
stress effects resulted from the
static energy.
FEATURES
•It reduces the stress occurred
because of the static electrıc
•Maintains restful sleep
•Relax muscle
•Keeps natural elasticity of
body

88
•It helps to maintain the body’s
natural magnetic field
•Relaxing
•Anti-static
•Comfort
•Washable
•Certıfıed
FEATURES
Comfytex freeze fabrics provide
to the users with thermal comfort
by offering the ideal microclima
environment. Freeze fabrics offer
high thermal conductivity and
thermal absorbency, which are
thermal comfort parameters, in a
single fabric construction, helping
to ensure a quality sleep.
•Freeze fabrics have a high
thermal conductivity of yarns to
spread the body heat quickly
around the body.
•Freeze fabrics provide coolness
during the night without any
energy source.
•Cooling effect allows you to
enjoy a cool, relaxing and comfortable
night’s sleep.
•Freeze fabrics is washable.
The coolness is not affected by
multiple washing.
•Unique
•Cool
•Comfort
•Washable
•Breathable

90
Adhesives used
in mattress
manufacturing
Would you prefer
water-based or
hot melt? Where
does the Turkish
market stand at this
industry? Pros and
cons…
In recent years, the mattress
industry has been transferred
from simple spring construction
to more complex construction
and new materials. The changes
included new fibers, new foam
types, increase in roll-coating
process and all-foam units. The
increased use of foam comfort
layers in beds, the rising
popularity of all-foam models
and the intense competition
within this just-in-time industry
has heightened the demand
for fast-curing glues. They help
manufacturers move product
rapidly off the production floor
and into roll-pack or bagging
machines—and onto the delivery
truck, en route to customers.
The mattress story from the
smallest raw material to the full
production line is a combination
of values to end up with the
best mattresses.
When it comes to putting a
mattress together, adhesives
play an essential role in making
things stick. Changes in mattress
construction have required
adhesives to change their tack.
Mattress components now are
more varied than ever and bed
makers have come to depend
on two main classes of glues:
water-based and hot melt to
hold it all together.
Whether one-component or
two-component chemistries,
roll-on or spray applications,
today’s improved adhesives
offer faster drying times, better
bonding strength, cost efficiencies,
improved flexibility and
increased application ease,
industry suppliers say.
When it comes to speed, the
latest water-based formulations
give hot melts a run for their

91
money and are faster drying
than ever. But the two glues
have their own distinct uses in
mattress and foundation construction,
suppliers say.
What’s in store for the future?
Ever faster, automated production
lines. Adhesives suppliers
predict that, whether manufactured
on an automated production
line or hand assembled
and sprayed, the demand for
compressed and roll-packed
mattresses will continue to
grow, and, with that, the need
for a high-tack, flexible bond
with quick drying times will
continue.
Also, the industry is now using
faster and more automated
production lines in addition to
more practical and better quality
auxiliary materials in order to
keep up with rising demand.
Adhesives are among the
important auxiliaries that the
sector use during manufacturing
and these materials have
always been used to bond the
various mattress components
together. However, as a result
of the construction changes,
adhesives’ role in the manufacturing
process has become even
more important.
For example, new materials,
such as fibers and foam types
are difficult to bond together.
So, the adhesives used must
now possess increased bonding
strengths and increased application
use. Furthermore, from
the standpoint of speed, adhesives
need to offer fast drying
times, more flexibility and cost
efficiencies.
Hot melts are one type of adhesive
in particular that have been
able to keep up with mattress
manufacturing changes. For instance,
hot melt adhesives have
fast holding power and don’t
need drying time. These adhesives
are popular in bonding
foams, pocket coil assemblies
and bonding fabrics and fibers.
When you think of the process
of manufacturing a mattress,

92
the use of hot melt adhesives
may not immediately spring
to mind, yet these adhesives
can be used in many different
aspects of mattress production
including:
• Laminating layers of foam
• Fixing insulation layers
• Joining blocks of foam
• Fixing fabrics
• Fixing pillow-tops
Choosing the right application
system can make a big difference
to the cost and they can
be modified to suit specific projects.
Hot melt adhesives make
assembling mattresses quicker
and easier. Suppliers also
agree that these adhesives and
specific application systems can
help reduce the cost of the manufacturing
process. The experts
have examined enough mattress
assembly lines to know
that slow production processes
means money wasted. So,
when applying these materials,
quality spray guns or automatic
applicators can save significant
time and money. Because
they are easy to handle, many

93
manufacturers use adhesives for
joining foam around mattress
springs, attaching cushioning
foam and insulation to the interior
of the mattress body and
keeping pillow top cushioning
and upholstery fabrics in place.
That’s important with the more
complex mattresses being assembled
today. Customers want
features like additional comfort
layers of gels and foams, which
need to be carefully attached
to the interior mattress structure
using a fastening system that is
non-toxic.
Hot-melt adhesives have a
number of advantages for the
mattress manufacturing process
including:
• Ability to handle high volume
applications
• Non-flammability
• Not requiring special ventilation
• Fast drying time
Meanwhile, water-based adhesive
suppliers promote recent
product innovations, which focus
on faster dry times and innovative
application methods that
are faster and more economical.
We have interviewed some
Turkish adhesive manufacturers
and suppliers to have an indebt
look over the industry so that
the importers and exporters
may find a better way for themselves
in this lucrative and very
fast-developing market.

94
Yapı Lider Kimya excels in
industrial adhesives with its
LYK PO-MAX brand
Yapı Lider Kimya is one of the
pioneer firms with its superior experience
in industrial adhesives in
Turkey. Investors produce non-flammable
adhesives, which could be
used by spray gun in many industries
including the mattress sector
under the name of the LYK PO-MAX
brand. Since 2007 It has exported
production, by improving its capacity,
mainly to Europe and the Middle
East and numerous countries of the
world by introducing its high quality
products.
Power of Yapı Lider Kimya originates
in determining the needs of
its customers carefully and developing
the searching and improving
strategy for consumers. The official
of Yapı Lider Kimya answered our
questions:

95
What are the main expectations
of mattress manufacturers from
adhesives they use in production?
They expect more strength, not
releasing after glued, smooth
surfaces after applications. They
also expect to manufacture maximum
product from on kg adhesive,
being unscented during the
application and not experiencing
scent problem later on.
What are the main competition
factors in the adhesive sector?
We always try to renew ourselves
and be in progress all
the time. We keep watching
developments in the world to
meet the actual needs of the
market. We buy our inputs from
the same sources continuously,
because we supply glue to the
largest producers of furniture and
mattress in the world. That helps
to produce the same quality all
the time.
We have modern production
equipment emphasize on innovation,
R&D, branding and try to
differentiate our brand by developing
new products and projects.
We are not competing with other
firms. We are only trying to do
our work with the best way. The
customers will make the real
judgment.
Where does Turkey stand in this
sector?
The furniture and bedding sectors
have been developing fast in the
global market every year. In line
with the soft furniture sector the
adhesive sector is also growing.
With the R&D studies and new
product developments the sector
will move further.

96
Universal Kimya
sticks on quality
Universal Kimya- Universal Chemicals
Company has been producing
diverse range of special adhesive
products for the mattress
industry. The Company provides
advantages with its technical
team located in 8 regions and
regularly exports to 23 countries.
Universal Chemicals General Manager
Alper Strugo said: “We offer
our products to the market with
mattress-specific odor absorbent
materials and neutralizers.” We
have recently interviewed him
to hear the success story of the
leading firm of the industry.
What are the expectations of
mattress manufacturers from the
glues that they consume?
Expectations of mattress manufacturers
change upon demands
of customers. At the end, two
different products come to fore;

97
What is the most important point
in competition about the brands in
glue industry?
The knowledgeable firms counts
on the quality/price ratio, while
other firms, acts on by focusing
only on price. Prices are important
but the quality and delivery
time are important factors as
well.
Can the materials used in the
production of glue be bought from
domestic market?
Unfortunately, out of tin and
cardboard packaging materials
all other inputs are imported from
abroad. Even silicon papers used
for hotmelt glues are imported.
What is Turkey’s position in glues
industry that supplies to mattress
producers?
I can say that Turkey is the leader
in the export of solvent-based
glues. Our position in hotmelt
category can be seen as good.
However, Europeans leading the
market and are ahead of Turkish
companies in water-based
mattress glues because it is
preferred the least.
if the producer want to use glue
without any investment, they
prefer glues with solvents. They
also want that the material
should be odorless and solvent
of the glue have to be discarded
immediately and it should be
strong, as well. Those companies
who prefer hotmelt type of glues
want that the material should
be melted easily, should be
odorless at higher temperature,
should be striped from its package,
should be rather cheap and
it should function the best at the
first contact.

98

99
Components
on mattress
manufacturing
line

100
Mattresses may consist of a quilted or similarly fastened case, usually of heavy cloth, that contains hair,
straw, cotton, foam rubber, etc., or a framework of metal springs. Mattresses may also be filled with air
or water. Mattresses are made up of a variety of mattress components. And the quality of each one of
those mattress components has an important impact on the total quality of a mattress. Many parameters
such as pressure distribution, skin microclimate, hygiene, edge support, and long-term stability and
durability determine mattress quality.
Early mattresses contained a variety of natural materials including straw, feathers or horsehair. In the first
half of the 20th century, a typical mattress sold in North America had an innerspring core and cotton batting
or fiberfill. Modern mattresses usually contain either an innerspring core or materials such as latex,
viscoelastic or other flexible polyurethane foams. Other filling components include insulator pads over the
coils that prevent the bed’s upholstery layers from cupping down into the innerspring, as well as polyester
fiberfill in the bed’s top upholstery layers. In 1899 James Marshall introduced the first individually
wrapped pocketed spring coil mattress now commonly known as Marshall coils as described below.

101
UPHOLSTERY LAYERS, PADDING
Upholstery layers provide cushioning and comfort. Some manufacturers
call the mattress core the “support layer” and the upholstery
layer the “comfort layer.” The upholstery layer usually consists of
three parts: the insulator, the middle upholstery, and the quilt.
The top of your mattress contains several layers of padding. The
top layer is right below where you sleep and has a big impact on
how comfortable the mattress feels overall. Beneath that is another
layer of padding that affects how much support the mattress gives
the pressure points in your body. Finally, beneath that is another
layer of padding that protects your body from the springs if your
mattress is a spring mattress. In most cases, padding is usually
made of materials such as polyurethane foam, puffed-up polyester
or cotton batting. Extensive mattress padding is often more expensive,
but many people find it more comfortable and worth the extra
cost.

102
Middle padding
This type of mattress padding
is just below the quilted top
layer and is usually made
with foam. When looking at
a cross-section of the mattress,
softer foams feel almost
moist to the touch while firmer
foams won’t spring back as
quickly. The next layer of
mattress padding is made of
cotton batting that may vary
in thickness across different
mattresses and even within
one mattress. This causes the
mattress to feel firmer in some
areas, such as firmer in the
middle part of the mattress.
Insulation mattress
padding
This padding lies on top of
the coil springs so that they
cannot disturb the sleeper and
cannot be felt from the top of
the mattress. It also protects
the coils from damaging the
top layers of the mattress.

103
Ticking and quilting
The exterior of your mattress
is covered in a fabric. This is
the part of your mattress you
actually cover up with your
bed sheet. That doesn’t mean
it’s not one of the most important
mattress components.
A mattress with quality ticking
and stitching will typically last
longer before it needs replacement.
In addition, it is the part
that touches your body for
comfort or the other way.
Ticking is the protective fabric
cover used to encase mattresses
and foundations. It is
usually designed to coordinate
with the foundation border
fabric and comes in a wide
variety of colors and styles.
Mattress fabrics can be knits,
damask or printed wovens,
or inexpensive nonwovens.
During the past decade, along
with the rise in popularity of
all-foam beds, stretchy knit
ticking on the bed’s top panel
has become a standard look
on both innerspring and foam
beds. Most ticking is made
with polyester yarns. More
expensive mattress fabrics
may contain a combination of

104
polyester with rayon, cotton,
silk, wool or other natural
yarns.
Until the early 2000s, beds
were normally upholstered
with a single fabric. This was
usually a damask ticking or,
for inexpensive bed sets, a
nonwoven fabric covering all
surfaces of the mattress and
foundation. Today’s bed sets
are covered with up to six different
fabrics: A better quality
circular knit or woven damask on the top panel—the bed’s sleeping
surface; a matching or contrasting [usually woven] fabric on the
border of the mattress; a matching or contrasting [usually woven]
fabric on the foundation side panels; a ‘non-skid’ woven or non-woven
fabric on the surface of the foundation and reverse side of the

105
mattress; and a nonwoven
dust cover on the under side
of the foundation.
There are a lot of smart and
innovative mattress ticking
fabrics making a big difference
on sleep quality.
SPRINGS and COILS
Under the padding is a bed
of springs that provide the
support for the mattress.
Innerspring mattresses commonly
consist of just spring
core, and the top and bottom
upholstery layers. The quality
of those springs is important.
In general, springs that are
made from a thicker wire will
be firmer and provide more
support. In other words, the
gauge of the coils is a factor
which determines firmness
and support. Coils are measured
in quarter increments.
The lower the number, the
thicker the spring.

106
So, the number of springs is
important, but more is not
necessarily better. You will
need to test out different
innerspring mattresses to find
the spring configuration you
find most comfortable for you.
If you have a medical doctor
advice, you should consider
that for choosing your innerspring
mattress.
While a wide variety of
springs are designed to
accommodate special needs
and situations, the four most
commonly used coils are the
Bonnell, the Offset, the Continuous,
and the Marshall Coils
(Pocket System).
• Bonnell coils are the oldest
and the most common coils.
First adapted from buggy seat
springs of the 19th century,
they are still prevalent in
mid-priced mattresses. Bonnell
springs are a knotted, roundtop,
and hourglass-shaped steel wire coil. When laced together
with cross wire helicals, these coils form the simplest innerspring
unit, also referred to as a Bonnell unit.
• Offset coils are hourglass type coils on which portions of the top
and bottom convolutions are flattened. In assembling the innerspring
unit, these flat segments of wire are hinged together with
helical wires. The hinging effect of the unit is designed to conform
to body shape.

107
• Continuous coils system is
an innerspring configuration
in which the rows of coils are
formed from a single piece of
wire. They work in a hinging
effect similar to offset coils.
* Marshall coils, also known
as pocket springs, are thingauge,
barrel-shaped, knotless
coils individually encased
in fabric pockets—normally a
fabric from man-made, nonwoven
fiber. Some manufacturers
pre-compress these coils,
which makes the mattress
firmer and allows for motion
separation between the sides
of the bed. As the springs are
not wired together, they work
more or less independently:
the weight on one spring
does not affect its neighbors.
FOAM
Mattresses that do not contain
springs typically use foam
in their support layer. There
are pros and cons to selecting
this type of mattress,
so it’s important to carefully
evaluate this option and the
alternatives before making
a final decision. One should
look for a foam mattress that
is comfortable but supportive,
and that helps keep cool
while sleeping. All-foam mattresses
use different weights
and densities of petrochemical-based
flexible polyurethane
foams and viscoelastic
foams or memory foam, and
latex rubber foams. A number
of mattress manufacturers
have incorporated polyurethane
and viscoelastic foams
with a portion of plant-based
content.
Latex foam
Latex foam in mattresses is
generally a blend of the latex
of the Hevea brasiliensis

108
tree and synthetic latex, which
is derived from petrochemicals
and other substances and fillers.
There are, however, natural latex
mattresses that leave out polyurethane-based
chemicals. Latex
foam is produced using either the
Talalay or the Dunlop process.
Each provides a different feel.
Dunlop is generally a firmer foam
but Talalay is softer. While the
Dunlop process produces a denser
foam, the Talalay process produces
a lighter one that has more air
in it. If you were to weigh each
as latex cores, the Dunlop foam
would be heavier because it has
more latex in it. Talalay is more
expensive as its production is more resource
intensive. Natural latex foam has a higher latex
content than synthetic latex, however, “100%
natural latex foam” is misleading.
Memory foam
Memory foam mattresses use conforming viscoelastic
foam over firmer polyurethane base foam.
Some innerspring mattresses have memory foam
in their upholstery layer. Different feels and
comfort levels are achieved by varying the thickness,
weight and formulation of the viscoelastic
foams and the base foams. Latex and memory

109
foam mattresses each provide
a unique feel. This type of
mattress is good at relieving
pressure on painful joints.
Many memory foam mattresses
are more expensive than
standard spring mattresses.
Memory foam is affected
by temperature. In a cool
bedroom, a memory foam
mattress will feel firmer than
it does in a warm bedroom.
Memory softens and conforms
to the sleeper in response to
body temperature and body
the issue with “open-cell”
memory foams, pinhole cored
memory foam, gel-infused
memory foams, channel-cut
foam cores, reticulated foam
support layers and other technologies
to improve air circulation
through all-foam beds.
weight. Traditional memory
foam molds to the body causing
a depression the sleeper
must roll out of when changing
sleep positions. Mattress
manufacturers have responded
to this issue by using “faster
response” memory foams.
They spring back more quickly
when the sleeper moves. Foam
mattresses are also known to
generally “sleep warmer” than
innerspring mattresses. Mattress
makers have addressed
High-density foam
Similar to memory foam
mattresses, a high-density
foam mattress uses a more
compact foam typically made
from polyurethane. This kind
of foam is made largely from
open cells that are packed
together tightly. High-density
foam mattresses offer comfort
and longevity because they
are denser than a traditional
foam mattress. High-density
foam mattresses that have an
innerspring system last even
longer and eliminate mattress
sagging.
WATERBEDS
A waterbed is a mattress with
water in its interior instead of
metal coils or air. Waterbeds
can be lined with different layers
of fiber to achieve the level
of firmness the user desires.
Waterbeds are well known for

110
providing support to the spine
and other body parts, similar
to the other mattress types.
There are several options of
support which range up to
100% waveless, where the
user does not notice he/she is
lying upon a waterbed.
AIRBEDS
Air mattresses use air, rather
than a coil system or foam
core, as a means of support.
An air mattress is an inflatable
mattress, the majority of which
are usually made of polyvinyl
chloride (PVC), although
recently developed textile-reinforced
urethane plastic or
rubber versions exist. The
deflated mattress can be
rolled up or folded and carried
or stored relatively easily,
making them a popular choice
for camping trips and for
temporary bedding at home
for guests. They are inflated
either orally by blowing into
a valve, or with a manual or
electric pump.
Air chambers that run through
the mattress allow you to
adjust and customize your
comfort. Sleepers with preferences
ranging with different
levels of firmness can find their
ideal comfort by adjusting the
amount of air in the chambers.
Some air mattresses feature
a dual zone technology that
allows both sleeping partners to
set their side of the mattress according
to their preferences. You
can sleep soundly in soft, plush
comfort while your partner enjoys
a firm night of sleep. Some
airbeds take customization to
the next level, giving sleepers
the opportunity to customize
different zones of the mattress.
This could be an ideal option
for sleepers with ailments such
as a bad back or a weak neck.

111
With more air supporting the
areas of the body that need it
most, sleepers can rest easily
knowing that every part of the
body is getting the support it
needs.
Lightweight, reduced-size and
reduced-thickness air mattresses
specifically intended
for camping and backpacking
are sometimes called sleeping
pads, especially when a layer
of foam insulation is added
under the air chambers. Better
quality air chambers, which
are designed for permanent
use in the home, are constructed
of vulcanized rubber,
covered in canvas or of
polyurethane. These chambers
are then installed into a cloth
shell or ticking. Permanent
airbeds will look almost like
conventional beds with the
exception of having a hose
(one air chamber) or hoses
(two air chambers) coming out
of the head of the bed. These
hoses will be connected to an
air inflation device, with two
outlet valves, that will have
a remote control so that each
person can adjust the firmness
of his or her side to his/her
own needs. The firmness can
be adjusted up or down, with
the simple push of a button on
the remote.

112
FOUNDATION
Rounding out the list of mattress
components is the mattress
foundation, often called
the boxsprings. The mattress
foundation or boxspring adds
another level of support to the
mattress. Most mattress manufacturers
also produce foundation
mattresses or boxsprings
that lie directly beneath
the mattress, resting on the
frame of the bed. Usually, the
foundation is made of either
wood or springs. Springs will
give the bed a plusher feel
while wood will provide more
support. If you prefer wood,
make sure the material is
free of cracks and constructed
straight.
One of the most common
types of boxspring foundations
uses a spiked coil configuration,
in which the springs
are narrow at the bottom but
spiral to a wider diameter at
the top. While a spring system
provides the most common
type of boxspring support,
torsion bars are also sometimes
used. Other foundation
mattresses contain no springs
at all but consist of a built-up
wooden frame.
Some contemporary mattresses
don’t have a foundation,
but these are not common.

114
5 th SLEEPWELL EXPO
Istanbul to host the industry
with record attendance
Over 100 respectful brands from various countries
of the world will showcase their latest products at
Istanbul Expo Center, 26-29 September 2018. The fair
will be held concurrently with HomeTex, the leading
home textile exhibition of Turkey. A big synergy is
expected to be generated.

115
In line with fast development observed
in the Turkish mattress industry in last
15 years, the trade fair has also been
growing steadily and opening for its
fifth edition at Istanbul Expo Center, 26-
29 September 2018. A great number of
leading brands from all segments of the
industry have already been registered.
Some of the leading names in the industry
by the end of February include:
Aközlü Dış Tic.,Artilat, Artintechs, Aydın
tekstil, Bed covers, Best Foam, Boyteks,
Boyçelik, Comfytex, Doguş Ofset, Dore
plast, Elektroteks, ETG tekstil, Felteks,
Felturc, Feryal fermuar, Form Sünger,
Furnicin, Gemba Makine, Giz group,
Hürpol, Ifix Makina, IMS Makina, Innova
Bedding, Kırayteks, Leggett &
Platt, Mert Makina, Mesa tekstil, Metal
matris, Motif Teks, Nano Yay, Nerteks,
Nova sünger, Özen Iplik, Pakipek,
Seritçioslu, Saran makina, Ümit Makina,
From machinery, technologies, raw
materials, up to components the show
covers all of the industry fields of the
sleep products industry.
Pointing out that there are more
product variety in this year’s edition
of the show, Omer Faruk Gorun, project
manager of Sleepwell Expo, said,
“We are more assertive this year with
regards to professional visitors. We
have particularly increased our focus
on foreign markets. The history of five

116
years has made the fair a
well-known event around
the world and many buyers
and producers have to put
the name Sleepwell Expo
on their annual agenda
well before the event’s
date. We are thankful to
our esteemed industrialists
who have contributed to
the growth of our event.
We are shaping a world fair
here altogether.”
To be held in Istanbul Expo
Center, 26-29 September
2018, the next edition of
Sleepwell Expo - Mattress
and Technologies Fair,
which is the first and only
fair in Turkey in its field,
will host the sector for the
fifth time this year.
Turkey’s mattress industry
has been going through
major changes leaving
many less-developed

117

118
stages behind. Almost all
kinds of modern mattresses
are either manufactured or
represented in Turkey.
Sleepwell Expo represents
a wide range of portfolio
including the latest products
of mattress manufacturers,
pillow manufacturers,
comforter and other sleep
product manufacturers,
exporters and dealers.
They were mainly mattress
exporters and importers,
bedding manufacturers,
home textile manufacturers,
coverlet manufacturers,
equipment firms, distributors,
agents, chain store
purchasing authorities,
local furniture stores, professional
import and export
firms, designers, hotel purchasing
managers, interior
design firms, experts of the
private sector, mattress in-

119

120

121
dustry buyers and trade press
portals… In short, all members
of the industry come together
at the Sleepwell Expo-Mattress
and Technologies Fair.
Running towards its major targets
of 2023 set by the government;
Turkey continues to
pursue its development worldwide
with its rapidly increasing
population, advantageous
geography, and contribution of
exports by its advantageous
geography. One of the most
important sectors in Turkey,
without any doubt, is the
mattress industry, mattress
machinery and components industry.
Developments, innovations
and example solidarity of
the sector which has been performed
in the mattress sector
in recent years, have become
the factors which affect the
sleep products sector positively.
With the same token, many
positive economic indications
which have been performed on
behalf of the country and the
sector in recent years, many
regulations and directives
made for the business volume
and the mattress sector which
has grown depending on the
flow of foreign investments,
indicate the importance of the
SLEEPWELL Fair.

122
Mattress Industry
Terms
Source: ISPA, International
Sleep Products Association
Adjustable base: An electro-mechanical
or manual bed frame construction
that permits the raising
and lowering of the head and/or
foot portions of the mattress.
Airbed: An air mattress with a core
that is an air-filled vinyl bladder.
Better airbeds are multichambered,
covered with cushioning, upholstered
with ticking and sold with a
foundation.
Anti-microbial fiber and foam:
Treatment that inhibits the growth
of microbial contaminates.
Backing: Any fabric or sheeting material
that is used during quilting to
anchor the stitches.
Batting: See Cotton Felt.
Bedding: Commonly used as a
generic term for a mattress and
foundation set, but may also apply
to accessory items such as blankets,
sheets, pillows, comforters,
mattress pads, etc.
Bedding ensemble: A complete
sleep support system, consisting of
a metal frame or a bed, a foundation
and a mattress set.
Bed frame: A metal or wood
frame with legs used to support a
mattress and foundation. Conventional
height is 7-1/4 inches and
the low-profile version is 5-3/4
inches when measured from the
floor to the bottom of the foundation.
Generally a headboard
can be attached. Metal frames
are sometimes known as a “Hollywood”
frame.
Bedsprings: Open-spring or wire
fabric box springs without uphol-

123
stery materials or cover.
Binding tape: Fabric tape used
to bind and close the mattress or
foundation where the vertical and
horizontal panels of outer ticking
come together, providing the edge
trimming for the mattress or foundation.
See Tape and Tape Edge.
Body impressions: Indentations occurring
on the surface of a mattress
over time, due to the compression
of materials by the human body.
Bonnell: A knotted, round-top,
hourglass-shaped steel wire coil.
When laced together with crosswire
helicals, these coils form the
simplest innerspring unit, also
referred to as a Bonnell.
Border: The vertical side or edge
of a mattress or foundation. Prebuilt
borders are constructed by
stitching together the ticking, foam
or other filling materials and a
backing material. Commonly quilted
or vertical-stitched.
Border rod: A heavy gauge wire
rod attached to the perimeter of
the innerspring unit (top and bottom)
by means of a helical wire or
metal clips.
Boric acid: A chemical additive
applied during the garnetting of
cotton and/or other fibers to provide
cigarette ignition resistance
characteristics.
Box spring: Also referred to as
a “foundation.” A base for an
innerspring mattress, consisting
of coils or other forms of springs
mounted on a wood or metal frame
and secured with a wire-interlaced
or welded-wire grid, topped with
upholstery and insulating materials
(felt, urethane or other resilient
materials), and covered on the
top and sides with ticking and on
the bottom with a dust cover. It
is an important part of a bed set
since it serves as a shock absorber,
distributes weight, and supports
and interacts with the innerspring
mattress to properly support the
body.
Box-top mattress: A mattress
featuring a raised surface finishing
treatment where a separate, sided
and rectangular encasement of
soft materials–usually with a tape
edge–is attached via a welt to the
entire surface on top of existing
cover and upholstery.
Bunk bed: A two-tiered wood or
metal frame designed to accommodate
two mattresses, typically
twin-size, one above the other.
Some models allow the upper and
lower units to be detached and
used as separate beds.
Bunkie: A mattress, usually twinsize,
and platform base used on
bunk beds.
Cal 117: Refers to California Technical
Bulletin 117, which specifies a
vertical flame testing procedure for
bedding and furniture component
materials. Foam referred to as “Cal
117 foam” has passed this test.
Carbon: The principal hardening
element in steel. The higher the
carbon content, the harder the metal
and the more temper it will take,
thus giving longer “memory.”
Cellulose acetate pad: Woody fiber
compacted into a pad and used
as an insulator. May be glued or

124
sandwiched between plastic netting
to help hold it together.
Coil count: The number of coils in
an innerspring unit. Though the
count can effect weight distribution,
it is not the determining factor
for firmness. The count is usually
based on the number of coils in a
full-size unit.
Coils: The individual wire springs
that form an innerspring unit. See
Hourglass, Continuous and Offset
Coils.
Coir pad: An insulator pad made
from coconut husk fiber, garnetted,
needled, bonded and pre-cut to
size.
Comfort system: Refers to the
upholstery layers of the mattress,
generally consisting of a combination
of materials (cover, cushioning,
topper pad, insulators, etc.).
Conjugate polyester fiber: Spirally
crimped fiber that is crimped chemically
rather than thermally. Is very
durable and resilient.
Continuous coils: An innerspring
configuration in which the rows of
coils are formed from a single piece
of wire.
Conventional bedding products:
Mattresses and foundations in the
conventional adult sizes of twin,
twin extra long, full, full extra long,
queen and king.
Convertible sofa: A sofa with a
bed folded beneath the seating
surface, generally consisting of a
mattress resting on a metal mechanism.
Also called “sleep sofa” or
“sofa sleeper.”
Convoluted foam: Better known as
“egg-crate” foam that is specially
cut to produce hills and valleys,
giving gentle softness and more
surface comfort. Foam surface
treatment is available in multiple
patterns.
Cornell test: Devised by Cornell
University School of Hotel/Motel
Administration. Designed to test
cosmetic performance of bedding
sets, such as body impression or
support firmness. Two round surfaces
are pounded into the finished
product 100,000 times and checked
periodically for failure or changes.
Corner guards: Molded plastic or
metal, (sometimes upholstered) fittings
secured to foundation corners
to prevent material damage from
the bed frame.
Cotton felt: Produced by a garnett
machine which combs cotton and
other fiber binders into a continuous
web or layer. Several such
layers combined are called cotton
“batt”. For compressed cotton felt,
thick layers of garnetted cotton
fiber are mechanically compressed
to reduce body impressions.
Cotton linters: The short fibers
adhering to the seed after the long
staple fiber has been removed in
the ginning process. Used in making
cotton felt.
Cotton pickers: “Fall out” from ginning
or garnetting. These shorter
staple cotton fibers are blended
with linters to produce cotton felt.
Crown: A convex surface on a mattress.
Mattresses with a half-inch
crown are a half-inch thicker at the
center than at the edges.
Cushioning: Materials that lie
above the insulator and below the
fabric covering in an innerspring
mattress. These materials are typically
combinations of polyurethane
foam, cotton felt, and/or mademade
fibers.
Damask: Woven ticking produced
on a loom that has yarns running
at 90-degree angles to each other,
the warp and the weft. The damask
design is woven into the fabric
rather than printed on the surface.
Density: A measure of weight per
cubic volume, usually expressed
in pounds per cubic foot. Often
referred to when discussing foam.
Double tempering: Heating of wire
components, usually in an oven, after
they have been given shape or
form and have been electronically
stress-relieved. Refers to tempering
coils as well as border rods and
helicals in a complete spring unit.
Dual-purpose: A broad term used
to include all sleep pieces, which
can be converted to other uses,
including: convertible sofas,
high-risers, daybeds, futons, etc.
See Convertible Sofa.
Dust cover: A woven or non-woven
fabric attached to the underside of
a foundation to prevent the collection
of dust inside. May also be
known as “sheeting” or “cambric.”
Edge guard: Generally an extra
component added to the edge of a
mattress and/or box spring to give
support on the sides.
Engineered edge support: A special
design where the coils on the
outer edge of an innerspring unit
are actually positioned under the
border rod. Most units have the
coils recessed from the edge, which
can contribute to a “roll out of bed”
feeling.
Euro-top mattress: A mattress featuring
a raised, squared-off surface
finishing treatment filled with soft
comfort layers and attached to the
mattress upholstery at the tapeedge.
Fabric cover: Cloth or textile material
woven, knitted or felted of
any fiber or mixture of fibers. Often
referred to as “ticking” or mattress
fabric.

125
Fales pad: Compressed cotton felt
that is stitched together to better
retain compression.
Fiber pad: Usually refers to manmade
or natural fibers (wool, silk,
etc.) that are garnetted, needled,
carded and/or bonded together.
Often used in quilting panels for
mattress tops.
Filler cloth: Refers to a plain fabric
used on the top of a foundation
instead of ticking. Commonly offers
non-skid characteristics.
Flanging: The process whereby a
strip of fabric is sewn to the edge
of the mattress cover and, in the
assembly process, secured to the
perimeter of the innerspring unit to
prevent the cover and filling materials
from shifting.
Foam foundation: Consists of a
built-up wood slat frame covered
with a sheet of cardboard or similar
material, topped with at least 2” of
foam and covered with ticking.
Foundation: Any base or support
for a mattress, sometimes used as
a generic term for box spring. A
foundation may be made entirely
of wood or a combination of wood
and steel or steel springs. See Box
Spring and Foam Foundation.
Futon: A Japanese-style mattress
construction, consisting of a cover
and filling material, which is typically
cotton but can be innerspring
and/or foam.
Garnetting: A mechanical process
whereby short cotton fibers and/
or other fibers are combed into a
specific orientation and formed into
a thin web, which are then layered
to create a batting used as an upholstery
material. See Cotton Felt.
Gauge, coil: A measurement of the
diameter of the steel wire used in
coil construction. Wire gauge for
innerspring coils range from 12.5
to 17. The higher the gauge, the
thinner the wire.
Gel foam: Generally a visco-elastic
foam that is infused with beads or
swirls of gel during the foam pouring
process.
Hair pads: Horse tail or mane, cattle
tail or hog hair, which has been
processed and curled for use as a
mattress or upholstery filler.
Hammocking: An undesirable characteristic
sometimes associated
with worn out or low-end mattresses.
When weight is placed in the
center, the corners tend to rise and
bow in response to deep compression
much like a hammock. Terms
“dish” and “sagging” also used to
describe this phenomenon.
Hand: Term used to describe the
touch or feel of fabrics (e.g., soft,
smooth, etc.).
Hand-tied: The process of
hand-lacing the coils in a box
spring together with twine. Seldom
used, this process has been
replaced with modern technology
and new designs.

126
Headboard: An upright unit of
wood, metal, plastic, or upholstered
material, to be attached at
the head of a bed, usually with the
bed frame.
Helical: A tightly-coiled, elongated
wire used in the manufacture of
innerspring units to join individual
coils to each other and to the
border rod.
High-contour mattress: Measures
9” – 13” thick. A mattress under 9”
thick is considered “standard”; over
13” thick is considered “custom.”
High riser: Usually a frame or sofa
with two mattresses of equal size
without a backrest. The frame
slides out with the lower bed and
rises to form a full bed or two
single beds.
Hog ring: Metal ring used to
secure the insulator and flange material
to the innerspring unit. Takes
its name from its similarity to the
metal ring in a hog’s nose.
Hourglass coils: Coils that taper
inward from top to middle and outward
from middle to bottom, thus
resembling an hourglass in shape.
Employed in bonnell and offset coil
designs.
Hybrid: Commonly used industry
term for a mattress that combines
an innerspring unit with specialty
foams such as visco-elastic or latex.
Ideal weight distribution: Equalization
of support in such a way
as to eliminate pressure points
that cause discomfort resulting in
tossing and turning. Best achieved
with coil on coil construction and
properly designed insulation and
cushioning material.
Innerspring unit construction (for
mattresses): The spring construction
used as the main support system
inside an innerspring mattress.
Some common types are: pocketed
(see Marshall) and all metal (i.e.,
bonnell, offset and continuous
wire).
Insulator: Any material used on top
and bottom of an innerspring unit
to prevent the upholstery layers
from cupping down into the coils.
Some common types are: a fiber
pad, non-woven fabric, netting,
wire mesh or foam pad.
Knit: A basic polyester or nylon
ticking fabric produced through a
knitting process (tricot) rather than
weaving. Designs are printed onto
the surface.
Lacing wire: Finer gauges of wire
used to form helicals.
Latex: A flexible foam created from
a water dispersion of rubber, either
from the rubber tree (natural latex)
or a man-made, petroleum-based
product (synthetic latex). Most
latex used in mattresses today is a
combination of natural and synthetic
latex rubber.
LFK: An unknotted offset coil with a
cylindrical or columnar shape.
Link fabric: A wire foundation for
bedsprings, cots, studio couches,
sofabed mechanisms and gliders.
So called because the fabric is a
succession of metal links.
Marshall: A type of innerspring
construction in which thin gauge,
barrel-shaped, knotless coils are
encased in fabric pockets. Also
known as “pocketed coils.”
Mattress: A manufactured product
to sleep on, consisting of various
resilient materials covered with an
outer ticking. Comes from the Arabic
term “matrah” meaning to throw

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down. Early Arabs traveled with
their bedding and threw it down on
the ground or floor at night.
Memory: The ability of tempered
steel, foam or some fabrics to
return to their original state after
being compressed or stretched.
Mesh: Plastic netting generally
stretched across the face of an
innerspring unit as an insulator.
Microcoils: A low-profile metal
spring unit, typically with individually
wrapped coils, used in the top
comfort layers of a mattress.
Molded foam core (for mattresses):
A core made of flexible foam
is made in molds and used as the
main support system in a foam
mattress.
Mounting: Attachment of a box
spring unit to a wood or metal
frame.
Needlepunched fabric: A manufacturing
process for which high
strength, lightweight, non-woven
construction fabrics are produced.
These fabrics are produced by
garnetting fibers, entangling or
inner-locking these fibers together
by a series of needles and then
mechanically bonding or fusing
them together via heat to produce
a fabric without glue or binders.
Needlepunched pad: A manufacturing
process used to produce
insulator pads and non-woven
fabrics whereby loose, garnetted
fibers are inner-locked by a series
of “needles.” This process usually
requires additional bonding to
keep the fibers in place.
Offset coils: An hourglass type coil
on which portions of the top and
bottom convolutions have been
flattened. In assembling the innerspring
unit, these flat segments
of wire are hinged together with
helicals.
Orthopedic: Generalized term to
imply set gives proper postural
alignment and support. Should not
necessarily mean hard or board
feeling. Proper support with a
degree of comfort to contour to the
body is best.
Panel: The part of the ticking that
constitutes the top sleep surface of
a mattress, as well as the bottom
of a mattress on a two-sided bed.
Pedestal-type metal or wood bed
frame: A low-profile bed frame
with a solid pedestal base underneath
each side of the frame,
instead of legs.
Pillow-top mattress: A mattress
featuring a surface finishing treatment
where a separate encasement
of soft materials is attached
to the entire surface on top of
existing cover and upholstery.
Plus 4 edge: Two border rods
engineered with one inside of the
other and designed so that they
make the edge 4% firmer than
the balance of the sleep surface
to eliminate that “roll out of bed”
feeling and edge sag.

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Pocketed coil: See Marshall.
Polyurethane foam: See Urethane
Foam.
Print: A ticking fabric, which can be
a woven or non-woven sheeting,
commonly of synthetic fiber composition,
on which a design has been
printed.
Quilting: The surface treatment in
which the cover, foam and/or other
fibers are sewn together, using
various stitch patterns on quilting
machinery, including scroll or
panel quilters (single needle) and
multi-needle quilters.
Resilience: Surface liveliness and
spring-back ability.
Rollator test: An approximately
230 lb., six-sided roller is passed
across a sleep set to determine the
structural strengths or weaknesses
of the set and components (i.e.,
foam or quilt failure, breaking of
helicals and coils). The industry
standard to duplicate the life of a
mattress is 100,000 passes.
Rollaway bed/cot: A portable metal
bed/cot with a frame that folds
in half with the mattress when not
in use so it can be rolled away into
a closet (or elsewhere) for compact
storage.
Sheeting: a woven or non-woven
fabric other than knits that have a
degree of sizing and are somewhat
stiff.
Side rail: A metal or wood rail,
which hooks into the outside edges
of a headboard and footboard
to provide the support base for a
foundation and mattress.
Sisal: A product of the henequen
plant formed into a pad and used
as an insulator. Named after the.
small port of Sisal in Yucatan.
Slats: Narrow strips of wood used
to support the coils in the box
spring frame. Also used in a bedstead
to support the box spring.
Sleep Products Safety Council
hangtag: Used voluntarily by
bedding producers since 1987, the
safety hangtag program provides
critical consumer information about
the safe use of sleep products.
Manufacturers certify that they use
the tag only on mattresses that
meet the Federal Standard for the
Flammability of Mattresses and
Mattress Pads.The tag is available
in a hangtag or permanent label.
Smooth top: A plain surfaced
mattress, neither tufted nor quilted.
Also called button-free.
Spring wire: Wire made from high
carbon steel, characterized by
toughness, strength and ductility.
Typically furnished in 8 to 18 gauge
for bedding industry applications.
Steel unit construction (for box
springs): The spring construction
used as the main support system
inside a box spring.
Stitch bonded pad: See Fales Pad.
Straightline deflection: Pertains to
mattress innerspring construction
and refers to the constant ratio
between stress and strain, weight
and movement. The benefit is
that constant support is provided
regardless of the weight applied.
No bottoming out of soft spots.
Basically it means that two people
of unequal weight, sleeping on the
same mattress, receive the same
support.
Stretch knit: A heavy-weight mattress
ticking consisting of a top layer,
bottom layer and filling material
knitted together and intermittently
stitched to keep the filling yarns
stable.
Super zoned box spring frame: A
support, generally wood, attached
longitudinally to the underside of
a foundation for added support
where the main body weight rests.
Another important structural point
is that the vertical slats are turned
on edge for added strength. This
is extremely important on queen
sizes and for 4-poster beds where
typically no center support is
provided. Also known as a “center
rail.”
Tape: Fabric material that closes
over the rough-sewn edge where
the top and bottom panels are
joined to the border of a mattress
or box spring.
Tape edge: A specified type of
sewing machine designed to stitch
binding tape around the top and
bottom edges of the mattress,
joining the panels with the border
and closing the mattress.
Tempering: Heat treatment of
wire to reduce brittleness. Accomplished
by electric charge,
oven heat or both. Also known as
“stress relieved”.
Ticking: Fabrics for covering mattresses
and foundations. Common

types include: stretch knits, woven
damasks, knits and nonwovens.
Torsion bars: A type of spring system
used in box springs characterized
by square-shaped wire forms.
Trundle bed: A low bed that is
rolled under a larger bed. In
some constructions, the lower bed
springs up to form a full bed or two
single beds as in a high riser.
Tufting: Consists of passing twine,
cords or tape vertically through
the mattress from top to bottom,
knotting and securing the loops
thus formed with tufts, buttons, or
lacing. The purpose is to hold the
mattress filling in place.
Uniflex grid: A steel wire grid used
to bridge the “mouth” of the coils
on an innerspring unit to prevent
“pocketing” of insulation down into
the coil and to eliminate “coil feel.”
Also helps to distribute the body
weight of a person.
Urethane foam: Synthetic (chemically
foamed) flexible urethane
used for mattress cores and as a
cushioning material. As a core, it’s
the main support system. Generic
term covering both polyester and
polyether foams.
Ventilator: Metal or plastic screens
attached to the sides and sometimes
the ends of mattresses to
permit the passage of air. Unnecessary
with normal high quality
materials used today, except for
hospital type mattresses with wetproof
covers.
Visco-elastic foam: Also known
as “memory foam.” Slow recovery
urethane foams that are temperature
sensitive. They conform to
the body and distribute pressure
according to body heat and dynamics.
Waterbed: A sleep system
employing a water-filled vinyl
bladder as its primary support
system. Original models relied on
rigid framing to contain the vinyl
components and were known as a
“hardside”. Newer styles consist
of vinyl components (bladder and
liner) typically encased in foam and
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made to look like a conventional
mattress, usually paired with a
regular upholstered foundation.
Also called a “softside” waterbed.
All versions are sometimes referred
to as “flotation beds.”
Welded grid top: Basic wire
welded into a lattice to which box
spring coils, formed wire or modules
are fastened. Offers even
weight distribution, yet allows
some flex and give.
Wood bed: A bed with a headboard
and footboard made of
wood, having side rails of wood or
metal that support the foundation
and mattress.
Wood frame (for box springs): The
wood frame in a box spring on
which the spring construction is
mounted.
Woven stripe: A once ubiquitous
woven ticking with colored stripes.
The style was referred to as “ACA”,
the traditional designation for
the 8 oz. blue- and white-striped
ticking that has mostly fallen out of
favor and is seldom produced.

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