AlitInform 50

waterproofing | гидроизоляция
Conclusions
The test results have demonstrated that different
waterproofing materials differ significantly in terms of
resistance to pressure with an uneven surface. PVC-based
membranes turned out to be the most stable ones. They
are followed by TPO-based membranes. Bitumen-polymer
materials and polyethylene based membranes withstood
the least hydrostatic pressure.
It should be noted that when choosing a
waterproofing material, the strength characteristics are
often the main indicators. Data analysis presented in
Table 1 shows that membranes based on high-density
polyethylene have the best indices of strength and
elongation at break. However, in this experiment, HDPE
membranes withstood the lowest hydrostatic pressure.
This behaviour of the material is explained by the fact
that the yield strength of HDPE comes with a relatively
small elongation — up to 10 % [5]. After passing through
the yield point, irreversible structural changes occur in
the material, significant plastic deformations appear and
strength characteristics are significantly reduced.
The results indicate the need for thorough
preparation of the foundation for waterproofing. First
of all, this applies to bitumen-polymer materials and
polyethylene membranes. The relief modelled under the
experimental conditions was extreme. Irregularities of
this nature is rarely found on construction sites, however,
it should be remembered that in reality the effect of
pressure on the waterproofing occurs continuously, which
in the end will lead to similar damage recorded in the
experiment and on smaller irregularities. These risks are
especially high for materials with low recovery ability,
since the preservation of deformation after removal of
the impact indicates the irreversible structural changes
in the material.
The proposed method allows assessing the stability
of various types of waterproofing materials to the effect
of pressure on an uneven foundation, which may be
a criterion in the choice of waterproofing taking into
account the hydrogeological conditions of construction.
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Fig. 6. Samples of PVC and TPO membranes after pressure
release (1 — PVC membrane 2.0 mm; 2 — PVC
membrane 1.5 mm; 3 — TPO membrane 1.5 mm)
Рис. 6. Образцы мембран ПВХ и ТПО после снятия
давления (1 — Мембрана ПВХ 2,0 мм; 2 — Мембрана
ПВХ 1,5 мм; 3 — Мембрана ТПО 1,5 мм)
для материалов с низкой способностью к восстановлению,
так как сохранение деформации после снятия
воздействия свидетельствует о происходящих
в материале необратимых структурных изменениях.
Предложенная методика позволяет получить
оценку устойчивости различных видов гидроизоляционных
материалов к воздействию давления на
неровном основании, которая может являться критерием
при выборе гидроизоляции с учетом гидрогеологических
условий строительства.
References // Литература
1. Шилин А.А., Зайцев М.В., Золотарев И.А., Ляпидевская
О.Б. Гидроизоляция подземных и
заглубленных сооружений при строительстве
и ремонте. Тверь: Изд-во «Русская торговая
марка», 2003. — 396 с.
2. Безруков А.В. Применение гидроизоляционных
материалов при устройстве подземных частей
зданий и сооружений // Градостроительство.
2013. № 6 (28). С. 69–72.
3. Чубинишвили А.Т. Применение специализированных
гидроизоляционных мембран в
подземном строительстве // Метро и тоннели.
2015. № 6. С. 31–33.
4. Путивский С.А. «Долина Алтая» — работа над
ошибками // Инженерная защита. 2016. №2 (13).
С. 22–25.
5. Scuero, A. et al. Geomembrane sealing systems for
dams. Design principles and review of experience
// Bulletin 135. 2009. — 240 p.
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