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The authors note that over-documentation can be as much an issue as under-documentation, and suggest the use of structured forms to capture case review data and recommendations. Falvey et al. also strongly recommend that clinicians not be given sole discretion in selecting cases for review in clinical supervision. They note that clinicians may not recognize important practice issues in all cases, and that significant client care problems or issues may not be addressed unless all cases are periodically reviewed. As the authors state: Leaving the choice of which cases to review up to the supervisee, while commonplace, is not an ethically or legally viable supervisory practice. Evaluation anxiety, concern over clinical errors or boundary violations, negative reactions to the supervisor, or failure to recognize the importance of clinical signs and symptoms contribute to a high rate of supervisee nondisclosure. (Falvey et al., 2003, p. 72) Falvey and Cohen also highlight the importance of a clinical supervision contract, records of all clinical supervision sessions (with details on cases discussed and decisions made); notes on cancelled or missed supervision meetings, and on significant conflicts in clinical supervision sessions and how they were handled. These documents can assist in identifying training/professional development needs, and provide “evidence of competent supervision should a supervisee grievance or client lawsuit subsequently arise” (Falvey & Cohen, 2003, p.68). They present samples of forms developed as part of a clinical supervision process evaluation/tracking package, titled the Focused Risk Management Supervision System (FoRMSS). (The authors provide sample forms in their article; see pages 73, 74 and 76.) These forms (or FoRMSS) can be adapted for use in clinical supervision groups as a way of maintaining a record of case discussions and a process evaluation of clinical supervision issues and outcomes. Conclusion Core Competencies in Clinical Supervision Evaluation of clinical supervision is a complex and challenging task. However, it is crucial to fostering transparency, accountability and modelling of best practices. Areas for further research identified in the literature include evaluating/assessing clinical supervisors’ diversity competence, and demonstrating the impact of clinical supervision on client care outcomes. The latter may be facilitated by more active use of the Interdisciplinary Plan of Client Care (ipcc) in clinical supervision sessions, where ipcc goals and outcomes are routinely discussed as part of the case review and clinical feedback process. In the absence of clear and unequivocal empirical 95
Clinical Supervision Handbook support for best practice tools in clinical supervision assessment and evaluation, these preliminary instruments and scales should be regarded as a starting point in introducing greater rigour and accountability into the clinical supervision context. FIGURE 2: INTERDISCIPLINARY PLAN OF CLIENT CARE (IPCC) FORM Available in pdf and Word versions on Insite: http://insite.camh.net/forms/clinical_forms/10258_interdisciplinary_plan_of_client_care.html 96
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CLINICAL SUPERVISION HANDBOOK A GUI
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CLINICAL SUPERVISION HANDBOOK A GUI
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Contents v Contents ix Introduction
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115 APPENDIX 2 115 Evalautions For
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Clinical Supervision Handbook “su
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CONTEXT OF CLINICAL SUPERVISION Mod
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Supportive/restorative Clinical Sup
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LEADERSHIP The clinical discipline
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Accountability The supervisory rela
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Components of Clinical Supervision
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SUPERVISORY ACTIVITIES Clinician De
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Clinical Supervision, Knowledge Tra
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Clinical Supervision, Knowledge Tra
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Cultural Competence and Clinical Su
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INCORPORATING CULTURAL COMPETENCE I
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Supervisors can influence clinician
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IMPLEMENTING CLINICAL SUPERVISION B
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Beginning Clinical Supervision proc
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Beginning Clinical Supervision time
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• manage burnout and workload •
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Beginning Clinical Supervision GIVI
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cannabis use—which Janet felt was
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Beginning Clinical Supervision Dive
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As this example illustrates, the cl
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group. The clinical supervisor uses
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eflecting on the barriers that clie
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Ongoing Clinical Supervision FIGURE
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Page 132 and 133: APPENDIX 4 Core Clinical Practice C
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