the Aviation Dictionary

TSO (Technical Standard Order) - A standard
established by the FAA for quality control in avionics,
instruments, and other airborne equipment.
T-square - An instrument used for making aircraft
drawings. It consists of a head and a perpendicular
blade and is shaped like the letter T.
T-tail - An aircraft with the horizontal stabilizer
mounted on the top of the vertical stabilizer, forming a
T
tubing - A rigid, hollow, elongated cylindrical piece of
material through which fluids or wiring is passed.
TSO (Technical Standard Order) - turbofan
turbine - A rotary wheel device fitted with vane-like
airfoils and actuated by impulse or reaction of a fluid
flowing through the vanes, or blades. Multiple turbine
wheels are arranged along a central shaft.
turbine bucket - The blades on a turbine wheel.
turbine disc - The metal disc to which turbine blades
are attached.
turbine discharge pressure (Pt7) - The total pressure
at the discharge of the low-pressure turbine in a dual
turbine axial flow engine.
turbine efficiency - A ratio of actual work performed
by the turbine wheel in ft lbslBtus and the laboratory
standard of 778 ft lbs of work in 1 Btu. Expressed as a
percentage.
tubing cutter -A tool consisting of a sharp wheel and a
set of rollers. The tube to be cut is clamped between
the cutter cutting wheel, and the rollers and the tool is
rotated around the tube. The cutting wheel is fed into
turbine engine - An aircraft engine that consists of an
the groove as the tube is cut.
air compressor, a combustion section, and a turbine.
tumble limit - The number of degrees of pitch or roll a Thrust is produced by increasing the velocity of the air
gyro can tolerate before it reaches its gimbal stops. flowing through the engine.
Beyond this point, the gyro will tumble.
turbine inlet temperature (TIT)- Temperature taken
tumbling -- 1. The process of cleaning or abrading parts in front of the first stage turbine nozzle vanes. TIT is
in a rotating container, either with or without cleaning the most critical temperature taken within the engine
or abrasive materials. 2. The action of a gyro when it and essential to the operation of the fuel control.
has reached its gimbal stops. The gyro will assume an
turbine nozzle - The orifice assembly through which
erroneous indication that does not return to normal
exhaust gases are directed prior to passing into the
until corrected.
turbine blades.
tuned circuit - An electrical circuit in which the
turbine nozzle vanes - The stationary airfoils that
inductive reactance is equal to the capacitive reactance.
precede each turbine blade set. They function to
They will be equal at a particular frequency called the
increase gas velocity and direct the gases into the
resonant frequency. The circuit can be made resonant
turbine blade at the optimum angle.
by either varying the frequency
.
until resonance occurs,
~
or holding - the frequency constant and varying turbine stage - In gas turbine engines, a stage consists
inductance or capacitance to achieve resonance. Also
referred to as a resonant circuit.
tuned radio frequency receiver - A radio receiver in
which tuning and amplification are accomplished in the
RF section before the signal reaches the detector. After
the detector, one or more stages of AF amplification
are employed to increase the output sufficiently to
operate a loudspeaker.
tungsten - A gray-white, heavy, high melting point,
hard metallic element with symbol of W and an atomic
number of 74.
tungsten steel - Steel with which tungsten has been
alloyed. It is used in the manufacture of cutting tools
because of its hardness.
tuning - The process of adjusting circuits to resonance
at a particular frequency.
tunnel diode - A semiconductor diode that exhibits a
negative resistance characteristic. Under certain
conditions, an increase in voltage across the tunnel
diode results in a decrease in current through it.
of a turbine stator vane set followed by a turbine rotor
blade set.
turbine wheel - A rotating device actuated by reaction,
impulse, or a combination of both. Used to transform
some of the kinetic energy of the exhaust gases into
shaft horsepower to drive the compressors and
accessories.
turbocharger - An air compressor driven by exhaust
gases, which increases the pressure of the air going into
the engine through the carburetor or fuel injection
system.
turbocompound engine - A reciprocating engine that
supplements the internal supercharger by an external
power recovery turbine (PRT) . . driven by a portion of
;he exhaust gas fiom the aircraft engine. he PRT is
connected through a fluid coupling and gear
arrangement - to help drive the crankshaft.
turbofan - An engine featuring a multi-bladed ducted
propeller driven by a gas turbine engine.
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