Smart Industry No.1 2022

Smart Business EV Charging
The EV market Protocols
percent of the US population and
the company expects to achieve
similar distribution in Europe by
the end of this year. Tesla also
claims that it recently achieved
coverage of more than 90 percent
of the Chinese population.
Building charging networks looks
like it will be big business. A report
from Markets and Markets foresees
that EV charging stations will
grow from $3.22 billion in 2017 to
$30.41 billion by 2023, an annual
growth rate of 41.8 percent. The
report offers a number of justifications
for its forecast, including
subsidy programmes for purchasing
EVs in various countries, and a
US government initiative to develop
48 charging networks that will
together cover about 25,000 miles
(40,000 kilometres) of US highways
across 35 states. This initiative led
28 states, utilities, charging firms
and electric vehicle companies,
including GM, BMW and Nissan, to
start working together.
AC or DC?
These raw numbers appear encouraging
for potential EV drivers
but mask the fact that there is still
a lot of variety in charging methods,
the infrastructure available
to support them and, therefore,
TSO
System Operator
• eclearing.net
• Gireve
• Hubjet
Common Cause
The evRoaming4EU consortium
is a partnership project
aimed at ensuring that
any EV driver will be able
to charge at any charging
station in the EU. Its goal
is to address and resolve
functional, technical,
legal, and fiscal obstacles
that exist today between
different countries within
the European Union and
create a mature European
market for EV charging.
infrastructure.
Hub
Roaming
Platform
DSO
Grid Operator
Sustaiable Home /
Smart Home
A Growing Market
The EV charger market
in Europe alone reached
1.7 million in 2020,
says IHS, and further
explosive growth is to be
expected over the next
few years.
OCPI (Hub)
OCHP
OICP
eMIP
OSCP
MSP
Service
Provider
OCPI (P2P)
Adm
CPO
Tech
CPO
their usability to the average user.
One big issue has the potential to
reignite the legendary War of the
Currents between Thomas Edison
and George Westinghouse in
the late 1880s and early 1890s.
Edison’s arc lamp street lighting
system ran on low-voltage direct
current (DC), while Westinghouse
championed the rival alternating
current (AC) power distribution
network, which ultimately
triumphed – but not before the
two engineers-turned-entrepreneurs
threw mud at each other,
with Edison even going so far as
to equate Westinghouse and his
system with the electric chair.
The real difference between the
two charging strategies is where
EV driver
OCPP
ISO 15118
Charging Point
Open ADR/
IEC 61850
Energiy Supplier
the necessary transformation is
done. Electric grids deliver AC
which needs to be rectified to the
appropriate DC charging voltage
with the help of technology built
into the car itself. DC charging
stations, on the other hand, use
larger, more efficient and bettercooled
rectification circuitry than
would be possible in a vehicle.
Many predict that, over time, AC
charging stations will do their
own rectification but the jury is
still out.
In addition to charging power,
the decision to use either AC or
DC charging also depends on
the capital costs of rectification
and who will pay: the operators
of the DC charging networks or
source ©: Netherlands Enterprise Agency
Global Cumulative Charging Station Deployments (2014 – 2020)
source ©: IHS Automotive
60
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020