Beste apotheek van Nederland

two other trials 233,239 the patient populations comprised those with lower urinary tract symptoms
(LUTS) secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) 233 and patients with ED undergoing
three-dimensional conformal external-beam radiotherapy (3DCRT) for prostatic carcinoma. 239 In
the former trial, 233 only 65 percent (183,281) of the patients had ED. In one trial, 163 only PDE–5
naïve patients were enrolled.
The exclusion criteria in the majority of included trials were pelvic surgery, 103,118,121,215,216,219­
223,225,229,233,235-240 penile/testicular deformity, 103,215,216,219,221-225, 227,228,230,234-236,238 unstable
angina/myocardial infarction, 103,118,121,163,215-218,220-222,224,225,227-229,232-240 prostatectomy, 103,216,217,
220,221,223-225,227-230,233-238,240 HIV-positivity/AIDS, 103,118, 121,221-223,227,229,230,235-238,240 use of
nitrates, 103,118,121,163,214,215,217,219,220,222,227,229,230,232-235,237-240 any major hepatic/renal disease, 103,216,
219-224,227,228,233,234,236-238,240 216,217,221,223, 224,227,229,230,
previous ineffective treatment with sildenafil, 234,235,238 stroke, 103,118,121,214,215,217,219,224,225,228,233-235,238,239 endocrine disease, 103,118,216,221,223,230,234­
236, 238 retinitis pigmentosa, 103,118,121,163,228 or a history of cancer. 214,215,219,227,229,230,233,239,240 Other
exclusion criteria were cancer chemotherapy 232-235,237-240 premature ejaculation, 234-236,238 spinal
cord injury 215,219,233-235,239 uncontrolled hypertension, 103,217,233,235,236,238 use of alphablockers/androgens,
163,238 and diabetes. 216,221-223,233,234,236 One trial additionally excluded patients
with prostate-specific antigen levels >10 ng/mL. 233 None of the trials failed to report exclusion
criteria.
The mean age of the study participants across the included trials ranged from 46 219 to 69 239
years. The patients’ race was not reported in eight trials. 217-219,223,228,229,232,239 Three trials
included Southeast Asian, 236,237,240 one trial Japanese, 238 and one trial Turkish and Egyptian
patients. 234 The approximate proportion of Caucasians in the remaining 17 trials ranged from 73
percent 224 to 100 percent. 163,220 The duration of ED of patients was not reported in four trials. 218,
219,221,222 In 24 of the remaining 26 trials, 103,118,121,214-217,220,223-230, 232-238,240 eligible patients had to
have been diagnosed with ED for at least 3 months before their enrolment into the trial. In two
trials, patients had been diagnosed with ED for at least 6 163 and 12 months 239 before trial
enrolment. In 22 trials, the majority of patients (≥70 percent) had been diagnosed with ED for at
least 1 year before trial entry. 103,118,121,214-217,220,223-227,229,230,234-240
The most commonly reported comorbidities among study participants were diabetes, 103,118,163,
214-217,220,221,223,224,226-230,232,234-238,240 hypertension, 103,118,163,214-217,220,223, 224,226-230,232,234-240 coronary
artery disease (CAD), 103,118,163,214,215,217,221,224,228,229,235 hyperlipidemia, 163,214,216,217,223,224,226,227,229,
230,232,234,235,237,238,240 BPH, 223,224,233,234,236-238,240 and depression. 103,118,214,224,230,235 The presence or
absence of comorbidities could not be ascertained for six trials. 121,218,219,222,225,233 In three
trials, 103,215,239 the proportion of ED patients with diabetes was below 10 percent; in five
trials, 216,220, 223,235,237 this proportion ranged from 11 percent 220 to 14 percent; 235 in four
trials 118,214,224,240 it ranged from 17 percent 118,224 to 18 percent; 214,244-247 and in 10 trials 217,221,227­
230,232,234,236,238 the proportion ranged from 20 percent 217,227,232 to 31 percent. 236 In two trials 234,240
the proportion of ED patients with hypertension ranged from 14 percent 240 to 17 percent. 234 In
other 12 trials 103,118, 214,218,220,227-229,232,237-239 this proportion ranged from 20 percent 232 to 29
percent, 228 and in eight trials 215-217,223,224,230,235,236 from 30 percent 216,236 to 43 percent. 235 The
remaining eight trials 121,163, 219,221,222,225,226,233 failed to report the proportion of hypertensive
patients. The proportion of ED patients with CAD in six trials 103,118,214,215,224,229,241 was below 10
percent, and in three trials 217, 228,235 it ranged around 10–11 percent. The proportion of patients
with CAD could not be ascertained from the remaining 21 trials.
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