Capturing CO2 from ambient air - David Keith

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Figure B.3: Lining the inside of the Sonotubes with PVC sheets. The completed prototype (depicted in figures B.1 and B.2) includes a long, cylindrical “reaction chamber” capped at the top by a permeable fabric sheet (the “laminizer”) and at the bottom by a short, largerdiameter cylinder (the “donut”) and conical spray collection assembly (the “cone”). Liquid enters through a spray nozzle mounted just under the laminizer and is collected to a reservoir <strong>from</strong> the bottom of the cone. Air enters though the laminizer and leaves through four ducts attached to the top of the donut. The ducts lead to a filter box which is in turn attached to a blower. The entire unit is relatively well-sealed against <strong>air</strong> and liquid escaping and the blower keeps it all at negative pressure, further insuring against fugitive emissions. For the reaction chamber we considered various wood-frame assemblies with plastic film or plastic sheet skin and prefabricated plastic tanks, but ultimately chose to construct the main body out of Sonotubes, heavy-duty cardboard tubes used as forms for pouring concrete columns. The Sonotubes provided stiff, precisely cylindrical walls that would stand up to negative pressure and support the top-mounted spray apparatus structurally. The largest Sonotubes available had a 4 ft inner diameter and 4 ft length. Three lengths were fastened together with a fiberglass and epoxy wrap to produce a 12 ft total height of the reaction chamber. The Sonotubes were lined with 1/8 in-thick PVC sheets which were affixed to the waxed cardboard interior surface with epoxy (see Figure B.3). Silicon sealant was used to fill the seams. Once the Sonotubes were 72
Figure B.4: Two cranes lift the reaction chamber up and then orient it vertically to be dropped on to the support structure. The cone, resting on the ground, is also visible. 73
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Capturing CO2 from ambient air: a f
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For my family, friends, and everyon
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etween the National Science Foundat
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Contents Acknowledgments iv Abstrac
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List of Figures 1.1 Global CO2 emis
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Chapter 1 Introduction The climate
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egeneration at a high enough concen
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1.4 Routes to air capture 1.4.1 Org
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The NaOH approach is the primary su
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there is no compelling reason to ca
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7Na2CO3(l)+5Na2Ti3O7(s) ⇋ 4Na8Ti5
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changing the process design to acco
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Component / source GJ/t-CO2 electri
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Chapter 3 Contactor In this chapter
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the CO2 capture rate in a spray sys
Page 31 and 32: CO 2 absorption per pass [mol/l] 10
Page 33 and 34: CO 2 absorption [mmol/pass] 16 14 1
Page 35 and 36: Figure 3.5: Water loss measured in
Page 37 and 38: 3.3.1 CO2 depletion in air With lon
Page 39 and 40: where vt,1 and vt,2 are the termina
Page 41 and 42: surface area [m 2 -surface / m 3 -r
Page 43 and 44: spray mass density [kg / ln(μm)] 1
Page 45 and 46: average surface area [m 2 -spray /
Page 47 and 48: As a bound on the effects of coales
Page 49 and 50: Draft type Height [m] Crosssectiona
Page 51 and 52: 2. Median assumptions, no coalescen
Page 53 and 54: capture system. We can also see tha
Page 55 and 56: Multistage spray One possible solut
Page 57 and 58: Although, the cost of water loss ma
Page 59 and 60: 3.5.6 Solids formation - scaling an
Page 61 and 62: Chapter 4 Cost of air capture Altho
Page 63 and 64: Capital Capacity Electric a Thermal
Page 65 and 66: Component Capital + O&M Energy cost
Page 67 and 68: Chapter 5 Discussion Overview In th
Page 69 and 70: 5.2 Lessons for assessing of future
Page 71 and 72: Bibliography Adams, P. J. and Seinf
Page 73 and 74: IPCC (2001). Climate Change 2001: M
Page 75 and 76: Tzivion, S., Feingold, G., and Levi
Page 77 and 78: F Liquid flow rate in the contactor
Page 79 and 80: Appendix B Experimental details and
Page 81: Figure B.2: Photograph of completed
Page 85 and 86: fastened together and lined, the re
Page 87 and 88: The prototype has three particle fi
Page 89 and 90: Figure B.7: Sampling points of CO2
Page 91 and 92: In order to calculate CO2 absorbed,
Page 93 and 94: Absorbed CO 2 [mol/l] 0.3 0.25 0.2
Page 95: periodic switching of the spray on
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Capturing CO2 from ambient air - David Keith

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