A Decade of NEPAD - Economic Commission for Africa - uneca

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26 A Decade of NEPAD: Deepening African Private Sector and Civil Society Ownership and Partnership Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA), the Community of Sahel and Saharan States (CEN-SAD), the East African Community (EAC), the Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO), the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC), the Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD), the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC), the Southern African Development Community (SADC), and West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU). In addition to inviting organizations from the host regions, invitations were extended to each region’s most important developed country partners, selected other relevant international institutions and representatives of the organizing countries of the original Bandung Asian-African Conference of 1955. Thus, among the parties that joined the AASROC discussions as full participants, special participants, or observers, were representatives of Myanmar, China, and India; the African Union; the Arab League; the G-77; the Secretariat of NEPAD, the Non-aligned Movement; the Secretariat-General of the United Nations and the relevant United Nations Bodies, namely the ES- CAP, the United Nations Development Programme, the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, the United Nations Industrial Development Organization, the UN Office of the Special Coordinator for Africa and the Least Developed Countries (UN-OSCAL), the World Bank, and the International Monetary Fund (IMF); the Islamic Development Bank (ISDB); the Asian Development Bank (ADB), the African Development Bank; the Global Coalition for Africa; the European Union; and the Pacific Islands Forum (PIF) Secretariat. Furthermore, key donor countries that were represented at the Conference included: the United States of America, the People’s Republic of China, Japan, the Republic of Korea, the Russian Federation, the Federal Republic of Germany, the United Kingdom, France, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Canada, and Switzerland. Overall, from July 29-30, 2003 delegates from 22 sub-regional international organizations representing 36 countries gathered in Bandung, Indonesia for the inaugural ASSROC meeting. As an inaugural gathering the conference discussion focused in large part on stock-taking: 1) of the current global environment; 2) of the status of Asia-Africa linkages and recent initiatives that have been undertaken to improve them – noting TICAD, the Sino-Africa process and India- Africa Fund to support NEPAD; 3) of the need to accelerate activities in both regions toward the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals; 4) of prospective areas of collaboration which could be pursued after the forum (including focus on areas such as health, education and training, information and communications technologies, agriculture, infrastructure development, transportation, trade, finance, good governance, civil society, private sector development, peace and security, and conflict resolution); and 5) of what principles should underpin a “New Strategic Partnership” between Asia and Africa. From August 19-20, 2004, the second meeting of AASROC, “AASROC II”, was held in Durban, South Africa to provide a forum for reporting on the many deliberations which took place in Bandung. The hallmark of the AASROC initiatives were reiterated and included: ӹ A commitment to follow a gradual and orderly process; ӹ A focus on the attainment of practical results; ӹ A commitment to activity and policy of mutual benefit; and ӹ A commitment to seeking win-win results for all. Observing that plans were already underway to have an unveiling of the Asian – African New Strategic Partnership at a planned commemorative Golden Jubilee of the inaugural Asian-African Conference of 1955 in Indonesia in 2005, the delegates agreed to abide by the abovementioned principles to: ӹ Guide the institutional building of AASROC and the establishment of the New Strategic Partnership in the spirit of “solidarity, equality and cooperation” advocated in the first “Bandung Conference”; ӹ Respect diversity among civilizations and the right of all countries to choose their own roads to development independently, and to jointly promote multilateralism and more democratized international relations; ӹ Increase exchanges and mutual learning in order to share each other’s development experience and achievements and promote all-directional cooperation, with a special emphasis on incorporating existing cooperation between countries and regional organizations as key ingredients of the Asian-African cooperation framework; ӹ Expand exchanges at various levels to enhance mutual understanding and friendship between Asian and African peoples; ӹ Strengthen consultation and coordination in regional and international affairs to jointly safeguard the
legitimate rights and interests of the developing countries; and ӹ Open dialogue with the rest of the world to learn from and draw upon advanced achievements of the presentday civilizations, while vigorously promoting South- South and North-South dialogue with countries in other regions of the world in pursuit of common development and in an effort to benefit from the opportunities presented by globalization. Following the 2004 AASROC Summit in Durban, the 2005 Asian-African Summit was held in Jakarta from the 21-23 April, 2005 with the aim that the Summit would further enable the two regions to build a solid resilient framework for inter-regional dialogue and cooperation. Out of this summit the members of the AASROC launched the “New Asian-African Strategic Partnership (NAASP)”. Delegates recognized NEPAD as “the African Union’s programme for poverty reduction, socio-economic development and growth” and pledged support for its implementation. While also acknowledging the momentum of the more bilateral initiatives of TICAD, FOCAC, India-Africa Cooperation, the Brunei – Dar es Salaam Non-aligned Movement for South -South Cooperation, the Vietnam- Africa Business Forum, the Korea-Africa Forum, the Smart Partnership Initiative, and the Langkawi International Dialogue, the delegates also stressed the importance of streamlining and aligning existing initiatives for coherence and maximum benefit to avoid duplication. Bilateral Support In addition to the support that exists for NEPAD from the multilateral community, a number of individual countries have been strong bilateral supporters of the initiative. While, not meant to be an exhaustive rendering, an Canada Canada is a major aid contributor to Africa through its national foreign assistance agency, the Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA). A member of the G8 and an early supporter of NEPAD, Canada allocated roughly US$6 billion in ODA for Africa for the period 2002 – 2008 and in 2008 raised its annual aid budget to Africa to US$2.1 billion. 3. Public Sector Support for NEPAD A Decade of NEPAD Toward this end, NAASP was developed around three broad areas of partnership: 1) political solidarity, 2) economic cooperation, and 3) socio-cultural relations. Furthermore, NAASP was to focus on practical cooperation between the two continents in areas such as: trade, industry, investment, finance, tourism, information and communication technology, energy, health, transportation, agriculture, water resources and fisheries. Institutionally, NAASP would convene a Summit of Heads of State/ Government every four years, a Ministerial Meeting of Foreign Ministers every two years and Sectoral Ministerial and other Technical Meetings when deemed necessary. A Business Summit in conjunction with the Summit of Heads of State/ Government would also be held every fours years. 29 In September 2006, South Africa and Indonesia co-chaired the first NAASP Senior Officials Meeting in Durban, South Africa, and in October 2009 a Senior Officials Meeting of NAASP was held in Jakarta, Indonesia with the key agenda item being the organization’s first Summit which is to be held in 2010 30 . 29 Declaration on the New Asian-African Strategic Partnership, Bandung Indonesia, April 2005 30 Indonesia Hosts Asian-African Senior Official Meeting, October 12, 2009 – www.news.xinhuanet.com assessment of some of the initiatives of these countries is illustrative of the growth in support that exists for the NEPAD programme. While a number of CIDA funded initiatives aid the principles of NEPAD (such as the CIDA funded SADC Public-Private Partnership development project 31 ), in 2002 Canada launched the US$500 million Canada Fund for Africa to support NEPAD and the G8 Action Plan. Four years later, Canada further stepped up and invested 31 www.sadcbanking.orwg 27
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Conclusion The African Union’s NE
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Secretariat and the Secretariat of
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A Decade of NEPAD - Economic Commission for Africa - uneca

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