the field artillery journal - Fort Sill - U.S. Army

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The class is seated in bleachers 60 feet from the board, scaled to simulate a range of about 9,000 yards. CHEMICAL-PUFF TERRAIN BOARD- Viewed through glasses, the sawdust range is highly realistic. Tanks, water mains, oil tanks, dwellings, churches, schoolhouses, and the usual run of story-book targets are all included; the sawdust has been dyed to give the terrain natural color. 226
A burst of smoke comes up through the range as students sense the shot. An officer has just identified the target for the O.C.S. prospects. F.A.S. VARIANT The scale is mounted on wheels (larger ones in rear, smaller in front, so it moves in a fan-shaped pattern) and moves from side to side according to the deflection shift commanded. It is shifted by the endless belt of heavy cloth ribbon, calibrated in mils in accordance with the presumed "range" of the target area, size of pulleys, diameters of the wheels, etc. Elevation is taken care of by a sliding scale. Smoke is generated by ammonia fumes passing through hydrochloric acid; by pressing the atomizer bulb, from one to four bursts may be sent through the screen-top terrain board, depending on the type of problem. The number of bursts is controlled by the positions of the four knobs or stoppers seen just left of the operator's hand—for precision fire, only one stopper would be in the "up" position. Dispersion is effected by the four rods in upper left; smokecarrying tubes are on their opposite end. Diagonal rod in the operator's left hand elevates carriage when ready to fire—this permits a compact burst which can be sensed, in contrast to the large blob which would finally trickle through if the hose were considerably below the screen. Screen-door spring serves a double purpose. It keeps upper pulley taut, so that the machine can be moved a pre-determined amount by moving cloth belt. By unhooking it, slack is instantly available so that all settings can revert to zero beneath a new target when one is assigned. Interested readers can obtain any desired details concerning construction or operation from Major Robert S. Reaves, F.A.R.T.C., Fort Sill. He devised this useful rig, and is the operator in these photos.
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