Rural H Historic c Struct tural S Survey - Will County Land Use

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Wiss, Jann ney, Elstner Associates, A Inc c. World War II-era plan of th he Elwood Ordn nance Plant. The e road labeled “ “Road 1 North” corresponds to the northern booundary of Florence Township. The 37,00 00-acre Joliet Arsenal complex was constructed c bbeginning in mid-Novembber 1940. Thhe site appealed to army plan nners due to it ts location ou utside of majoor populationn centers (duee to the potenntially hazardous s nature of pr roduction); its s location nea ar to Joliet annd Chicago ( for easy acceess to a labor force and indus strial supplies s); the level character c of the t land; andd the proximiity of the Sannta Fe, Chicaago & Alton, and Wabash Ra ailroads. One e of the first tasks t the buillders of the pplant had to aaccomplish wwas to harvest th he crops of corn and other grains, g which h had been plaanted by the ffarmers on thee site in the sppring. Originally y, the comple ex was built and adminis stered as twoo separate pllants. The Kaankakee Orddnance Works, to o the western n part of the site, s produced d and stored explosives inncluding trinitrotoluene (TTNT), dinitrotolu uene (DNT), lead azide, and tetryl. The T Elwood Ordnance Pllant, also knnown as the Load, Assembly y, and Pack (L LAP) unit, to the eastern part p of the sitee, loaded, assembled, and packed bombbs and artillery ammunition. a Within W the Elwood Ordnan nce Plant werre 36 buildingg groups. Grooups 1 througgh 9 in Florence Township were w used for shell bomb loading andd component parts such aas Fuses, booosters, detonators s, and primers. Other bui ilding groups s were storagge bunkers an and warehousses. Manufactturing processes began even n before con nstruction wa as complete, with operattions at Group 2 in Floorence Township p, a medium caliber c loading g line, beginn ning on July 112, 1941. Ironically y, by 1942, the e army realize ed that the ord dnance plant encompassedd more land thhan was neceessary. Therefore e, an agricultu ural lease prog gram was init tiated in 19433. Approximaately 10,866 aacres in the Ellwood plant were e leased for so oybeans, hay, oats, corn, wheat, w and paasture land. Page 34 Will CCounty Rural Hisstoric Structural Survey Florence Toownship
Major Production Lines Elwood Ordnance Plant: Major Building Groups Group 1: fixed ammunition production line; Sections 15 and 16 of Florence Group 3A: demolition bomb loading line; Section 10 of Florence Group 2: medium and major caliber loading line; Section 10 of Florence Group 3: demolition bomb loading line; Sections 2 and 3 of Florence Other Production Lines Storage Bunkers Groups 4 and 5: fuse loading lines; north part of Section 18 of Florence Groups 6 and 7: booster loading lines; south part of Section 18 of Florence Group 8: primer loading line; east part of Section 7 of Florence Group 9: detonator loading line; west part of Section 7 of Florence Group 61: ammonia nitrate preparation area; Section 4 of Florence Group 62: bunkers in Sections 8 and 9 of Florence Group 63: explosive magazines; Section 5 and 6 of Florence and Section 32 of Jackson Group 64: ammunition magazines; Sections 11 and 12 of Florence Group 65: smokeless powder magazines; Sections 14 and 15 of Florence Group 66: finished ammunition; Section 1 of Florence and Section 36 of Jackson Group 66A: finished ammunition; Sections 35 and 36 of Jackson Group 68: fuses, boosters, primers; adjacent to Groups 4 through 9, in Section 8 of Florence Support and Other Facilities Group 60: Administrative Area, Section 17 of Florence Group 74: residential buildings along U.S. Route 66A (present-day Highway 53) Wiss, Janney, Elstner Associates, Inc. Group 20: sewage treatment plant, between Groups 8 and 9, in Section 7 of Florence Township along Prairie Creek Group 22: electrical substations, located throughout site Group 23: unknown Groups 24 and 26: rail yard and salvage yard; Section 32 of Jackson Groups 25 and 27: rail yard and storage warehouses; Section 34 of Jackson Group 28: pistol range; Section 14 of Florence Group 45: miscellaneous buildings along U.S Route 66A (present-day Highway 53) in Section 7 of Florence Township Group 67: water tanks and radio antennas, located throughout site Group 70: unknown; north of Administrative Area in Section 17 Group 73: unknown; east of Administrative Area in Section 17 The complex was placed on standby status in September 1945. The Kankakee and Elwood Units were merged under one administration as the Joliet Arsenal in 1946. In the years following World War II, the chemical plants of the Kankakee Ordnance Works were used to produce fertilizer, while the Elwood Ordnance Plant continued work in ammunition reclamation and experimental bomb loading. Due to the Korean War, Elwood resumed active production from 1951 to 1955, and Kankakee from 1951 to 1957. Will County Rural Historic Structural Survey Florence Township Page 35
Page 1 and 2: Rural Historic H c Structtural SSur
Page 3 and 4: Rural Historic Structural Survey Fl
Page 5 and 6: Executive Summary Wiss, Janney, Els
Page 7 and 8: CHAPTER 1 BACKGROUND AND METHODOLOG
Page 9 and 10: Wiss, Janney, Elstner Associates, I
Page 11 and 12: CHAPTER 2 CONTEXT HISTORY OF THE RU
Page 17 and 18: Original 1821 survey plat of Floren
Page 23 and 24: leading c products. 4 grown in foll
Page 25 and 26: Twentieth h Century De evelopments
Page 31 and 32: Plat map of f the village of Sy yme
Page 33 and 34: This duplex residence at 30789-3079
Page 35 and 36: Site ID 178 PIN 1988 Survey Number
Page 37 and 38: The Germ man Evangelic cal Cemetery
Page 39: Joliet Ars senal The Joliet Arsenal
Page 43 and 44: In June 1992, the arm my announced
Page 45 and 46: Above: Buil ldings of Group 3A, dem
Page 47 and 48: Above: Buil ldings of Group 23. Abo
Page 49 and 50: Above left: Typical T earth-co over
Page 51 and 52: Table 2. Florence Township Farmstea
Page 63 and 64: CHAPTER 3 AMERICAN RURAL ARCHITECTU
Page 65 and 66: framing was w used. Ano other benef
Page 67 and 68: Masonry y Construct tion Brick Hist
Page 71 and 72: Just as wi ith concrete, farmers we
Page 73 and 74: influenced d carpenters and a build
Page 75 and 76: Left: The bu ungalow at the Barr B
Page 77 and 78: across the e rear of the house. Som
Page 79 and 80: American n Foursquare e The Amer ri
Page 81 and 82: Two exampl les of the Ranch h type
Page 83 and 84: Left: A draw wing of heavy tim mber
Page 85 and 86: types, suc ch as Quonse ets, develo
Page 87 and 88: effectively y reduced th number of
Page 89 and 90: typical ba arn types such h as plan
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Pole barns and manufactu ured build
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Crib barns, usually with two o bins
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Wiss, Janney, Elstner Associates, I
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CHAPTER 4 SURVEY SUMMARY AND RECOMM
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Outbuildings Wiss, Janney, Elstner
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ID PIN Street Name Name Landmark Po
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ID House Type Style Date Significan
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ID Barn Type Date Significance Mate
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Notable Farmsteads s in Florenc ce
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Among th he farmsteads s associated
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Swival-St tewart Farms stead Site 2
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Martin-O Ohlhues Farm mstead James
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Farmstead d site 93 in th he northe
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Dixon-Ja ackson Farms stead Site 99
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Nelson an nd Strong Fa amily Farmst
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Thompson Farmstead d Site 73 (PIIN
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BIBLIOGRAPHY Previous Surveys Wiss,
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Joliet Region Chamber of Commerce.
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Rural H Historic c Struct tural S Survey - Will County Land Use

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