Calcium-Binding Protein Protocols Calcium-Binding Protein Protocols

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Ca 2+ -Binding Proteins Using ESI-MS 171 Fig. 3. Deconvoluted spectra of 1:1 mixtures of (A) (Ca 2+ ) 2-TR 1C and MLCK peptide and (B) (Ca 2+ ) 2-TR 2C and MLCK peptide. Expected masses are (Ca 2+ ) 2-TR 1C, 8390 Da, (Ca 2+ ) 2-TR 1C:MLCK peptide, 11,024 Da, (Ca 2+ ) 2-TR 2C, 8221 Da, (Ca 2+ ) 2- TR 2C:MLCK peptide, 10,855 Da. 2. Calibration is performed via a separate injection of the calibrant. Calibration was performed using denaturing conditions (50:50 acetonitrile-water, 1% NH 4OH) in negative ion mode. 3. MeOH to 10% of the total volume was added after the 30 min incubation period. 4. If complexes exhibit precipitation, centrifuge or filter before loading into syringe.
172 Doherty-Kirby and Lajoie 5. Although some of the terms apply to all instruments with an electrospray source, some terms apply only to Micromass instruments. For example the cone voltage refers to the sampling orifice to skimmer potential difference on our instrument. 6. These parameters will vary depending on the system being studied, but worked well for CaM binding to target peptides. Parameters (the most important are capillary temperature and cone voltage) are set to allow efficient desolvation and ionization without the destruction of the complex. 7. This range encompasses most of the species observed in our study. If, in an initial experiment, it appeared that another charge state might be evident at higher m/z, the scan range was increased. 8. Process only the part of the spectra that contain multiply charged data. Refer to the manufacturer’s instruction manual for a full determination of the width at half height parameter that is required for MaxEnt. 9. MaxEnt data must converge in order to obtain quantitative data. The area under the peak correlates to the relative amounts of species present. Additional species corresponding to adducts of the proteins may be observed. For this study, we mainly observed addition of +17 (NH + 4 ) and +38 (Ca2+ ) with +22 (Na + ) being observed occasionally. 10. Centering must be done based on area in order to obtain quantitative data about the relative abundance of species present in the spectra. This is based on the assumption that the species ionize similarly. Calculations of Kd were based on the relative heights of the centered spectra for the complex being studied using Kd = [Free CaM (or fragment)][Free Peptide]/[complex]. References 1. Katta, V. and Chait, B. T. (1991) Observation of the heme-globin complex in native myoglobin by electrospray-ionization mass spectrometry. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 113, 8534–8535. 2. Loo, J. A. (1997) Studying noncovalent protein complexes by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Mass Spectrom. Rev. 16, 1–23. 3. Hu, P. and Loo, J. A. (1995) Determining calcium-binding stoichiometry and cooperativity of parvalbumin and calmodulin by mass spectrometry. J. Mass Spectrom. 30, 1076–1082. 4. Smith, R. D. and Light-Wahl, K. J. (1993) The observation of non-covalent interactions in solution by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry: promise, pitfalls and prognosis. Biol. Mass Spectrom. 22, 493–501. 5. Hu, P., Ye, Q. Z., and Loo, J. A. (1994) Calcium stoichiometry determination for calcium binding proteins by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Anal. Chem. 66, 4190–4194. 6. Lafitte, D., Capony, J. P., Grassy, G., Haiech, J., and Calas, B. (1995) Analysis of the ion binding sites of calmodulin by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Biochemistry 34, 13,825–13,832.
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Methods in Molecular BiologyTM Biol
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M E T H O D S I N M O L E C U L A R
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© 2002 Humana Press Inc. 999 River
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Preface Calcium plays an important
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Contents Dedication ...............
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Contents xi 26 Enzymatic Assays to
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xiv Contents of Companion Volume 15
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xvi Contributors LESLIE D. HICKS
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20 Dean, Kelsey, and Re
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2 Yazawa
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4 Yazawa Fig. 1. Schematic represen
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6 Yazawa Fig. 2. Shop drawing for t
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8 Yazawa DuPont-NEN and the molar c
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10 Yazawa Fig. 4. Examples of the C
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12 Yazawa 5. Plot the calculated Ca
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14 Yazawa 12. Starovasnik, M. A., D
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16 Fig. 1. Molecular structures and
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18 Linse 7. 0.1 M EDTA. Dissolve 37
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20 Linse iterate the other paramete
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22 Linse tive to small alterations
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24 Linse References 1. Tsien, R. Y.
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26 Haiech and Kilhoffer to use the
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28 Haiech and Kilhoffer where γ is
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30 Haiech and Kilhoffer reporter gr
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32 Haiech and Kilhoffer tein with i
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34 Haiech and Kilhoffer Calmodulin
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36 Haiech and Kilhoffer Fig. 3. Mec
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38 Haiech and Kilhoffer We may sugg
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40 Haiech and Kilhoffer 29. Stewart
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42 Haiech and Kilhoffer 62. Becking
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44 Martin and Bayley Fig. 1. Absorp
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46 Martin and Bayley evaporation. C
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48 Martin and Bayley 4. Set the tem
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50 Martin and Bayley Fig. 2. Near-U
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52 Martin and Bayley discussed by M
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54 Martin and Bayley References 1.
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20 Dean, Kelsey, and Reik
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58 Fabian and Vogel are equipped wi
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60 Fabian and Vogel The penetration
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62 Fabian and Vogel perature, ionic
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64 Fabian and Vogel Fig. 3. IR spec
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66 Fabian and Vogel Fig. 4. Lower t
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68 Fabian and Vogel These correlati
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70 Fabian and Vogel Fig. 5. Amide I
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72 Fabian and Vogel 4. ATR-FTIR spe
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74 Fabian and Vogel 25. Georg, H.,
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76 Weljie and Vogel Fig. 1. Simplif
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78 Weljie and Vogel Fig. 3. Steady-
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80 Weljie and Vogel VIS spectrophot
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82 Weljie and Vogel 4. A series of
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84 Table 1 Advanced Fluorescence Me
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86 Weljie and Vogel References 1. L
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90 Johnson and Tikunova is removed
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92 Johnson and Tikunova function of
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94 Johnson and Tikunova Fig. 2. Rat
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96 Johnson and Tikunova Fig. 3. Rat
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98 Johnson and Tikunova Fig. 4. Ca
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100 Johnson and Tikunova cence inte
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102 Johnson and Tikunova 6. Johnson
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104 Julenius Fig. 1. Under conditio
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106 Julenius 3. Mix 50 µL of NHS s
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108 Julenius Fig. 3. A typical sens
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110 Julenius (2), is used in the Ia
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114 Lopez and Makhatadze Fig. 1. Th
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116 Lopez and Makhatadze 6. Buffers
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118 Lopez and Makhatadze The excess
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Page 143 and 144: 124 Lopez and Makhatadze 2.5 mL are
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Page 149 and 150: 130 Hicks et al. Fig. 2. Debye plot
Page 151 and 152: 132 Hicks et al. and 1.0 mg/mL for
Page 153 and 154: 134 Hicks et al. Fig. 3. Sedimentat
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Page 157 and 158: 138 Trewhella and Krueger This chap
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Page 203 and 204: 184 Brokx and Vogel Table 1 An Over
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Page 215 and 216: 196 Berliner Fig. 1. Aqueous X-band
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Page 221 and 222: 202 Berliner Fig. 5. Low-temperatur
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Page 225 and 226: 206 Clarke and Vogel cal calcium-bi
Page 227 and 228: 208 Clarke and Vogel Fig. 1. 113 Cd
Page 233 and 234: 214 Clarke and Vogel The linewidth
Page 237 and 238: 218 Drakenberg sands, of Hertz broa
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222 Drakenberg Fig. 2. Measurement
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224 Drakenberg Fig. 3. (A) 43 Ca NM
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226 Drakenberg Fig. 5. 43 Ca NMR sp
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228 Drakenberg NMR at sub-mM concen
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230 Drakenberg 30. Shimizu, T., Hat
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232 Weljie and Heringa Table 1 Amin
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234 Weljie and Heringa Table 2 Webs
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236 Weljie and Heringa diction meth
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238 Weljie and Heringa these databa
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240 Weljie and Heringa lineages. Th
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242 Weljie and Heringa compared, an
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244 Weljie and Heringa sequences as
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246 Weljie and Heringa much larger
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248 Weljie and Heringa ment require
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250 Weljie and Heringa 10. Kawasaki
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252 Weljie and Heringa 44. Thompson
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254 Weljie and Heringa
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256 Li et al. In order for these ex
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258 Li et al. 7. Mineral Mixture (s
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260 Li et al. 3. When the 45% D 2O/
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262 Li et al. sion system works eff
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264 Li et al. reliably produce high
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268 Mal et al. NMR data, X-PLOR (11
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270 Mal et al. Table 1 Simulated An
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272 Mal et al. 3.1.2.1. AMBIGUOUS D
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274 Mal et al. molecular dynamics a
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276 Mal et al. Assuming a rigid bod
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278 Mal et al. assign (segid A and
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280 Mal et al. References 1. Drenth
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282 Mal et al. 33. Jeener, J., Meie
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286 Werner et al. Our research has
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288 Fig. 1. (A) T 1, T 2 and the he
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290 Werner et al. tion, using gradi
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292 Werner et al. Fig. 3. (A) Rotat
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294 Werner et al. Fig. 4. (A) Line-
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296 Werner et al. Table 2 Models of
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298 Werner et al. 9. Reinhardt, D.
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300 Werner et al. 39. Press, W. H.,
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302 Boyd et al. utilize residual di
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304 Boyd et al. Fig. 1. (A) The sol
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306 Boyd et al. or significant peak
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308 Boyd et al. Fig. 3. Histogram o
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310 Boyd et al. total and NOE energ
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312 Boyd et al. 2. When studying mu
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314 Boyd et al. 4. Downing, A. K.,
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316 Boyd et al. 35. Schulte-Herbrug
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318 Yap et al. image representation
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320 Yap et al. modified EF-hand is
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322 Table 1 Angle and Distance Outp
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324 Yap et al. 2. Ikura, M. (1995)
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326 Kobayashi that S-100A1 and S-10
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328 Kobayashi 3.2. Coupling of Crom
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330 Kobayashi Fig. 2. Tricine/SDS/P
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332 Kobayashi 0.1% TFA at a flow ra
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334 Kobayashi Both recombinant S-10
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336 Kobayashi Fig. 6. Affinity chro
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340 Walsh et al. verts CaM from an
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342 Walsh et al. 11. Bovine serum a
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344 Walsh et al. Fig. 1. CaM-depend
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348 Walsh et al. 3.5. NOS Reduction
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354 Walsh et al. 3. Cho, M. J., Vag
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356 Hughes et al. The electroporati
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358 Hughes et al. 4. 1 M Na 2CO 3.
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360 Hughes et al. range, repeat ste
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362 Hughes et al. Table 1 Examples
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366 Persechini of the different CaM
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368 Persechini Fig. 1. Schematic re
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370 Persechini 2. 1 L of Terrific b
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372 Persechini Fig. 4. Titration wi
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374 Persechini Table 1 Parameters f
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376 Persechini Fig. 6. The [Ca 2+ -
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378 Persechini determined if the di
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380 Persechini relatively insensiti
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382 Persechini 18. Chafouleas, J. G
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384 Török et al. actions in the c
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386 Török et al. 3. The reaction
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388 Török et al. Fig. 2. Electros
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390 Török et al. Fig. 3. Peptides
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392 Török et al. Table 1 Peptide
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394 Török et al. Fig. 7. Nanospra
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396 Török et al. Fig. 9. Nanospra
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398 Török et al. Fig. 11. Electro
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400 Török et al. 3 µM FL-calmodu
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402 Török et al. Fig. 14. Localiz
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404 Török et al. Fig. 16. Indicat
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406 Török et al. the significantl
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408 Török et al.
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410 Index substitutes, see Fluoresc
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412 Index Stern-Volmer plot, 78, 81
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414 Index Phenothiazines, see Calmo
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