Antibiotic Classification and Modes of Action - bioMerieux

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Customer Education Antibiotic Classification 2. Inhibitors of Protein Synthesis Aminoglycosides MLSK (Macrolides, Lincosamides, Streptogramins, Ketolides) Inhibitors of Protein Synthesis � Tetracyclines � Glycylcyclines NEW Phenicols Oxazolidinones Ansamycins Tetracyclines: • Bacteriostatic • Chlortetracycline – 1948, the original tetracycline derived from a Streptomyces spp Glyclycyclines: • New class • Developed to overcome some of the more common tetracycline resistance mechanisms • Bacteriostatic • Broad spectrum © bioMérieux, Inc., Customer Education March 2008 64
Customer Education Antibiotic Classification 2. Inhibitors of Protein Synthesis Tetracyclines Glycylcyclines Tetracyclines International Common Name Glycylcyclines Inhibitors of Protein Synthesis Tetracycline Minocycline Doxycycline Tigecycline Tetracyclines: Spectrum of Action: Broad spectrum, but resistance is common which limits its use. Primarily for treatment of genital infections (chlamydiae) and atypicals (Rickettsiae, Mycoplasma). Growth promotor in animal husbandry. Toxicity: Diffuse well in cells and bones. Not recommended for pregnant women and children (less than 2 years old) because of the toxicity on bones and teeth of the fetus. Tetracycline = Short acting Minocycline and Doxycycline = Long acting Minocycline and Doxycycline are more active than Tetracycline. if Tetra = S, then Mino and Doxy = S if Tetra = R, must test Mino and Doxy (may be S) Glycylcyclines: Tigecycline Spectrum of Action: Same as the tetracyclines; may have activity against multi-drug resistant organisms. Derivative of Minocycline. (VT2 - available for Gram Negs. Must add breakpoints in 2.01 PC software. Breakpoints are included in 3.01 PC software. FDA Gram-negative breakpoints = 2/4/8.) © bioMérieux, Inc., Customer Education March 2008 65
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Antibiotic Classification and Modes of Action - bioMerieux

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