St Peters-Section 12 Appendices - Historic Scotland

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y the best head gardeners being employed by the laird, and many were the visiting parties who enjoyed picnics there and pleasant walks along the wooded paths. John Fleming, gardener throughout much of the Victorian period, David Morris, gardener from towards the end of the last century, and Frank Dunbar in more recent times (under the Allan family) were very eminent in their profession.’ Cardross, The Village in Days Gone by, p. 83 1895 Farmland laid out south of West park as a golf course. Golf club established and leased land. 1896-1900 2nd Edition Ordnance Survey / County Series 22 This shows the new Kilmahew mansion house, complete with terraces and formal garden with central fountain; west and south lodge and associated approach drives; the Gothic bridge and double bridge; a stable block; large kitchen garden; curling pond; and large fish pond or lake. The lines of the burn running through the site remains unaltered. There is an incredibly intricate network of paths that includes 11 footbridges and the path running parallel to Kilmahew burn leading south to Bloomhill and Auchenfroe. The path with lime trees shown for first time. The lane to the Keep from the west has been removed. A new approach leading eastwards from west lodge appears to be the main visitor approach. Boundaries are removed to create parkland on either side and framed views are controlled by tree clumps and the smooth flowing lines of shelterbelts. Iron railings are suggested by graphics. The approach from south lodge follows the alignment of the lane to ‘Triangle of Milndovan’ with views looking south over parkland. There is an open area to east of mansion with framed views to the east park, where field boundaries and the settlements at Triangle of Milndovan and Ladeside have been removed. The north wall of the kitchen garden follows the line of an earlier field boundary and is planted alternately with deciduous and coniferous trees. The whole of the triangular area created by the junction of the burns appears to be have been walled or fenced with entrances in the north, west corner and east. The latter is positioned to the east of where the lane to ‘Triangle of Milndovan’ crossed Wallacetown burn. The garden includes extensive glasshouses, with bothies, potting sheds etc. on the north side of the wall. There is an inner walled area in the north east corner of the garden which suggests the main area of activity. The stables are laid out in a u-shaped courtyard. Additional outhouses suggest accommodation for a coachman or grooms. The wooded area extends westwards to conceal the stables from views from West park. Two islands are shown in the fishpond or lake. The lake is roughly in the location the spur shown on earlier maps, with views from terrace to lake and vice versa. The Keep is shown as Kilmahew Castle. There is a long view from the Keep over the lake, framed by clumps in the west park to the Clyde beyond. The field network retained to the north east of the mansion suggests this was never considered parkland and they form an important part of the setting. 12. APPENDICES CONSERVATION ASSESSMENT - VOLUME 1: ST PETER’S SEMINARY FEBRUARY 2008 289 Final Issue 1900 John William Burns succ. b. Blythswood 1863, m.1903 Annie Douglas Pilkington (d.1945), da. Of Thomas Pilkington of Sandside, Caithness JP cos. Dumbarton and Lanark, BA Cantab., Late Captain 1st Dragoons, served in South African War, in WWI in 5th Res. Cav., Member of King’s Body Guard for Scotland, the Royal Co. of Archers. 1900 Kilmahew from the Swan Pond about 1900, Helensburgh Library 1900 Kilmahew Mansion House about 1900, Helensburgh Library 1908 Claud A. Allan (1871-1945) becomes tenant of Kilmahew House. Cardross, The Village in Days Gone by, p. 831918-1922 1917 Wartime Fete at Kilmahew (detail), Helensburgh Library c.1917 Wartime Fete at Kilmahew, Helensburgh Library 1919 24 May ‘KILMAHEW FOR SALE Major Burns has decided to sell Kilmahew, Cardross, and has instructed Messrs Knight, Frank & Rutley to offer it for sale, by auction, in the coming season. The estate is about 2000 acres in extent, and includes the mansion house of Kilmahew with the remains of the old castle, three other large residences, the Cardross Golf Course (18 holes) and club house, and numerous farms and small holdings.’ The Lennox Herald, p.3, col.1 1919 Claud A. Allan purchases Kilmahew Estate ‘The estate … amounted to 1,552 acres when it was sold in lots in 1919. It include, the old castle, the mansion house and grounds, Asker Farm with Asker Hill rough pasture and plantation, Kilmahew Farm, Kilmahew Cottages, Low Milndovan Farm, Auchenfroe House and grounds with about an acre of woodland and a cottage, and Bloomhill House and grounds.’ Cardross, The Village in Days Gone by, p. 83 1918-22 3rd Edition Ordnance Survey /County series 22 This shows the modernisation of Kilmahew, and indicates a sewage plant in the location of the Triangle settlement. A sun gauge shown to the west of this. The stables appear to be partially glazed and a coach house has made way for a gasometer. There is an additional carriage route linking the stables with drive to mansion house Lots of parkland trees appear to have been planted in the west park, which were not visible on 2nd Edition OS map. Farmland to the south of west park is laid out as a golf course In the east park, trees planted adjacent to the sewage plant, still exist today and are roughly in same alignment as the trees visible in the 1st Edition OS map, adjacent to the settlement of ‘Triangle of Milndovan’. Open farmland to the north east of the mansion house is shown with additional field boundaries A Sundial is shown to east area of walled area within kitchen garden The weir adjacent to the Keep labelled as a waterfall.
The curling pond is labelled The northern section of path running parallel to Kilmahew Burn no longer visible All the designed views visible in 2nd Edition OS map are still in tact. An area to east of the mansion house turning circle opened up further and the wooded area extended eastwards into east park to screen new tennis courts. Early c19th Kilmahew Old Castle, Cardross, postcard, Helensburgh Library Early c19th Helensburgh Library Kilmahew, Cardross, postcard, Helensburgh Library 1938 ‘We were looking forward to visiting the famous garden which has been so keenly and enthusiastically planned by its owners, Mr. And Mrs Claud Allan. We felt that we were not altogether strangers as we have enjoyed reading the Northern ‘Gardeners’ notes which Mr. F. G. Dunbar, who watches over Kilmahew’s park and garden, so ably contributes to our Week’s Work pages. … Our expectations were more than justified … The garden … is, in the main, a magnificent example of natural landscape effect in which the existing features have been adapted and enlarged, but care has been taken to retain and enhance the natural beauty of the grounds. The castle itself stands on rising ground, approached by the winding avenue, and is surrounded with a broad, flagged and balustraded terrace. Beyond the castle the ground falls sharply away into a deep, natural ravine which has been widened, banked and turfed in pleasant undulating levels. From the higher ground at one side a little stream finds its way gradually along the bottom of the ravine, and by its side Primula japonica in many shades of colour, and P.pulverulenta thrive happily. The view from the terrace is truly magnificent. A long vista through beautiful trees, past banks of Rhododendron ponticum, terminates in a glimpse of the ornamental lake, far away on the higher ground. The scene, quiet … is even more entrancing as then the skilful plantings of many shrubs which deck themselves with colourful foliage and berries, come into thief full glory. Skirting one end of the old Mosscovered terrace is a winding path leading down into the ravine; a the base of the terrace a long herbaceous border, … An interesting feature of the garden is that the natural effect has been closely adhered to, even to the extent of planting, for the most part, only shrubs and trees as are in true keeping with the whole conception. Thus it is, that the more flamboyant hybrid Rhododendrons and other decorative shrubs are not included, and the subdued tones of R. ponticum reign undisturbed and rightful dignity among Silver Birches and Scottish Rowan trees. Here and there, but not obtrusive in the general vista form the terrace, we found many plants of an obvious exotic nature. Japanese Maples, Tricuspidaria lanceolata, Pieris (Andromeda) japonica var. variegata, sheltered the sturdy growths of Lilium giganteum which were thrusting boldly through the rich dark soil. Beneath the plantings of shrubs and trees a fine collection of hardy Heaths was flourishing …’ The Gardeners’ Chronicle 1938 The Lake, Kilmahew Castle, The Gardeners’ Chronicle, 1938 1938 Below the Terrace, Kilmanew Castle, The Gardeners’ Chronicle, 1938 12. APPENDICES CONSERVATION ASSESSMENT - VOLUME 1: ST PETER’S SEMINARY FEBRUARY 2008 290 Final Issue 1945 Commander Allan succ. (son) Cardross, The Village in Days Gone by, p. 83 Evacuation of students and staff from St Peter’s College, Bearsden to St Joseph’s College, Mill Hill, England, to allow repairs to be made. 1946 15 May: Aerial photograph 23 May Destruction of St Peter’s College, Bearsden, by fire during dry rot repairs. 5 October Students and staff moved to Darleith House. 1948 Archdiocese of Glasgow acquires Kilmahew house and grounds. Cardross, The Village in Days Gone by, p. 83 World War II caused considerable damage. ‘A land mine fell near Kilmahew Castle, trees were thrown down by the blast and the mansion house suffered severely: most of the windows were blown in, the woodwork and even solid brick interior walls in the upper part of the house were dislocated and broken. No repairs could be attempted while hostilities lasted, except to make the house wind and water tight. Such was the situation when St. Peter’s College came from the neighbouring property of Darleith, and having settled down there looked around for means of expansion and for increasing accommodations. …the house at Darleith was given over to the students of philosophy and Kilmahew was reserved for the theological students. … The compact, vertical plan of Kilmahew house was not so easily adapted to the requirements of college life as the much rambling, horizontal plan of Darleith … To eke out accommodations, a number of students are for the present, lodged in a separate buildings, a few minutes’ walk away from the main house: this building which contains garages, stable, ball-court, three dwelling houses and other offices, … in addition to a large walled garden with extensive green houses, the estate provides us with two large tennis courts, a delightful boating pond, a curling pond, putting green, since the property extends over part of the Cardross Golf Course, … since our arrival here, a football field has been made out in one of the fields above the house. The most striking feature of the estate is the extraordinary beauty of its situation; lying halfway up the Carman Hill, though it is within twenty minutes’ walk of the main Dumbarton to Helensburgh road, it contrives to be completely isolated and peaceful yet, at the same time, commanding a magnificent view of the whole stretch of the Clyde from Dumbarton to Dunoon. The estate is traversed by two picturesque burns, the Wallacetown Burn and Kilmahew Burn, this latter cascades down past the old castle through a most beautiful glen. The course of these two streams have been planted with a grand variety of trees and shrubs, which in spring and autumn, are a kaleidoscopic in their ever changing colours of leaf and flower: everywhere the ground is a carpet of flowers, changing with the course of the year, snowdrop and daffodil, narcissus, primrose and bluebell. That part of the estate which immediately surrounds the house is a delightful blend of natural and artificial beauty, framing lovely vistas of the River Clyde… The beauty and peace of the place has attracted a delightful variety of bird and animal life;…’ St Peter’s College Magazine, p. 9-10 1948 View from West, St Peter’s College, Kilmahew St Peter’s College Magazine
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Page 5 and 6: 2nd Edition Ordnance Survey, 1896-1
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