工作與家庭的雙向衝突： 前因、後果及調節變項之探討（1）

應 用 心 理 研 究倏 , 第 27 期 , 秋 季 刊 ,2005 年 ,133-166。黃 茂 丁高 旭 繁輔 仁 大 學 心 理 學 研 究倏 所 碩 士高 雄 醫 學 大 學 行 為 科 學 研 究倏 所 碩 士台 灣 大 學 心 理 學 研 究倏 所 博 士 候鞅 選 人The Bi-directional Conflict of Work and Family:Antecedents, Consequences and ModeratorsLuo Lu Mao-Ting Hwang Shu-Fang KaoInstitute of HumanResource ManagementNational CentralUniversityDepartment ofPsychologyFu-Jen CatholicUniversityDepartment ofPsychologyNational TaiwanUniversityThe present study systematically examined antecedents (workdemands, family demands), consequences (work satisfaction, familysatisfaction, happiness), and moderators (independent self,interdependent self) of work-family conflict (WFC) and family-workconflict (FWC). Structured questionnaires were used to survey full-timeemployees, and 220 were returned. Main findings are as follows: (1)Women reported higher family demands than men, but there were nodifferences in work demands between men and women. (2) Employeeswith younger children reported higher WFC and FWC. (3) Workdemands in terms of working hours and workload were positivelyrelated to WFC. (4) Valuing work over family was positively related toWFC. (5) WFC was negatively related to work satisfaction, while FWCwas negatively related family satisfaction. Both work satisfaction andfamily satisfaction were positively related to happiness. (6) Independentself buffered the adverse effect of work demands (workload) on WFC,but exacerbated the adverse effect of family demands (having youngchildren) on FWC. On the other hand, interdependent self buffered theadverse effect of work demands (valuing work over family) on WFC.Key words: work-family stress (WFS), work-family conflict (WFC),33