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iqcevian, ramdenadac umaRlesi xelisufleba xalxis xeSia, xolo xalxis azri ki
maT xelSi. msgavsi safrTxisagan Tavis daRwevis ZiriTad saSualebad
aristoteles imgvari zogadi konstituciis msgavsi kanonmdeblobis Semotana
miaCnia, romelsac aRar Seexeba kerZo sakiTxebiT dakavebuli arc saxalxo kreba
da arc saxelmwifo moxeleebi (1292 a 30-35).
rogorc demokratiuli saxelmwifoebis aRwerili formebidan Cans, isini
mniSvnelovnad gansxvavdebian erTmaneTisagan. erTSi moqalaqeobas yvelas
aZleven, meoreSi - mxolod imas, visi mSoblebic moqalaqeebi iyvnen. erTs marTavs
kanoni, meores - demagogebi. amisda miuxedavad, isini yvelani, gvarwmunebs
aristotele, demokratiuli saxelmwifoebis nairsaxeobebs warmoadgenen. niSnavs
Tu ara es mtkiceba imas, rom maT gansxvavebebis miuxedavad, raRac aqvT saerTo da
es saerTo gansxvavebulebze ufro mniSvnelovania?
yvela demokratiuli mmarTvelobisaTvis saerToa ori ZiriTadi principi,
romlebic, rogorc irkveva, ara mxolod aristoteles epoqaSi, aramed dReac
demokratiuli mmarTvelobis moucilebel niSnebad iTvleba. esenia: Tavisufleba
da Tanasworoba. “demokratiuli wyobis ZiriTadi niSani — wers
aristotele — aris Tavisufleba. sayovelTaod gavrcelebuli azriT, mxolod am
saxelmwifo wyobis dros yvela sargeblobs TavisuflebiT, radgan, rogorc
amtkiceben, swored Tavisuflebisaken miiswrafvis demokratia. xolo Tavisuflebis
erT-erTi pirobaa iyo mmarTveli da marTuli morigeobiT” (1317 b) ...
“samarTlianobis safuZvelze, rogorc is gaigeba demokratiuli TvalTaxedviT,
kerZod, yvelasaTvis toli wilis migebiT, miiReba is wyoba, romelsac aRiarebs
demokratia. ... Tanasworoba, xom isaa, rom uqonelebs araferSi hqondeT ufro
meti Zalaufleba, vidre SeZlebulebs da, rom umaRlesi xelisufleba unda
miekuTvnebodes ara romelime erTs, aramed yvelas Tanabrad. swored am wesiT —
fiqroben isini — xorcieldeba saxelmwifoSi Tanasworoba da Tavisufleba” (1318
a — 10). aseTia demokratiuli mmarTvelobis sxvadasxva konkretuli formebis
saerTo maxasiaTeblebi. aseTive detaluri wesiT axasiaTebs aristotele
saxelmwifoebrivi mmarTvelois sxva formebsac, romelTac aq aRar ganvixilavT.
demokratia, rogorc zemoT aRiniSna, interpretirebulia uqonelTa da
xalxis mmarTvelobad. rac Seexeba sauTriv xalxs, is yvela saxelmwifo
mowyobisaTvis Tanamdevi erT-erTi yvelaze myari struqturaa da Sedgeba Semdegi
stratebisagan:
a) miwaTmoqmedebisagan,
b) xelosnebisagan,
g) vaWrebisagan,
d) daqiravebuli muSaxelisagan.
aRniSnuli mosaxleobis garda, saxelmwifos SemadgenlobaSi Sedian
mcvelebic. aristotele gamoyofs oTxi saxeobis jars:
a) mxedrobas;
b) mZimedSeiaraRebul qveiTebs;
c) subuqad SeiaraRebul qveiTebs;
d) sazRvao flots (1321 a 5-10).
savaldebulo literatura
1.Aristotele – “Politics”. Oxford Univ. Press., 1998; 7-20; 84-200; 229-242; 251-279 pp.
2.Аристотель – Сочинения в четырех томах. Том четвертыйю Изд. «Мысль», М., 1984. 376-387;
444-544; 569-580; 588-615.
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