luik humane biomonitoring in de regio Menen - Steunpunt Milieu en ...
luik humane biomonitoring in de regio Menen - Steunpunt Milieu en ...
luik humane biomonitoring in de regio Menen - Steunpunt Milieu en ...
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Cont<strong>en</strong>ts<br />
Voorwoord _____________________________________________________________________ 2<br />
Partners ________________________________________________________________________ 3<br />
Belangrijkste conclusies ___________________________________________________________ 7<br />
Sam<strong>en</strong>vatt<strong>in</strong>g __________________________________________________________________ 10<br />
Inleid<strong>in</strong>g_______________________________________________________________________ 24<br />
Metho<strong>de</strong> ______________________________________________________________________ 26<br />
1. On<strong>de</strong>rzoeksgebied ________________________________________ 26<br />
2. Biomerkers ______________________________________________ 28<br />
3. Rekruter<strong>in</strong>g <strong>en</strong> veldwerk____________________________________ 29<br />
3.1. Selectie van <strong>de</strong>elnemers ________________________________ 29<br />
3.2. On<strong>de</strong>rzoeksprotocol ____________________________________ 30<br />
4. Met<strong>in</strong>g<strong>en</strong> <strong>en</strong> bevrag<strong>in</strong>g<strong>en</strong> ___________________________________ 33<br />
4.1. Biomerkers van blootstell<strong>in</strong>g _____________________________ 33<br />
4.2. Biomerkers van effect __________________________________ 37<br />
5. Statistische analyses ______________________________________ 39<br />
5.1. Beschrijv<strong>in</strong>g van <strong>de</strong> steekproef <strong>en</strong> vergelijk<strong>in</strong>g met <strong>de</strong>ze van <strong>de</strong><br />
refer<strong>en</strong>tie<strong>biomonitor<strong>in</strong>g</strong> _______________________________________ 39<br />
5.2. Resultat<strong>en</strong> voor biomerkers <strong>en</strong> effectmerkers ________________ 40<br />
Resultat<strong>en</strong> _____________________________________________________________________ 43<br />
1. Beschrijv<strong>in</strong>g van <strong>de</strong> on<strong>de</strong>rzoekspopulatie ______________________ 43<br />
1.1. Respons _____________________________________________ 43<br />
1.2. Karakteristiek<strong>en</strong> van <strong>de</strong> on<strong>de</strong>rzoeksgroep ___________________ 45<br />
1.3. Staalafnamecondities ___________________________________ 55<br />
2. Blootstell<strong>in</strong>gsmerkers ______________________________________ 60<br />
2.1. Zware metal<strong>en</strong>: cadmium _______________________________ 62<br />
2.2. Zware metal<strong>en</strong>: lood ___________________________________ 70<br />
2.3. Zware metal<strong>en</strong>: chroom _________________________________ 74<br />
2.4. Zware metal<strong>en</strong>: nikkel __________________________________ 78<br />
2.5. Zware metal<strong>en</strong>: arse<strong>en</strong> _________________________________ 83<br />
2.6. Zware metal<strong>en</strong>: mangaan _______________________________ 89<br />
2.7. Zware metal<strong>en</strong>: koper __________________________________ 93<br />
2.8. Zware metal<strong>en</strong>: thallium ________________________________ 98<br />
2.9. Zware metal<strong>en</strong>: antimoon ______________________________ 105<br />
2.10. Zware metal<strong>en</strong>: kwik __________________________________ 109<br />
2.11. Persist<strong>en</strong>te gechloreer<strong>de</strong> pollu<strong>en</strong>t<strong>en</strong>: PCB’s _________________ 115<br />
2.12. Persist<strong>en</strong>te gechloreer<strong>de</strong> pollu<strong>en</strong>t<strong>en</strong>: p,p’-DDE ______________ 123<br />
2.13. Persist<strong>en</strong>te gechloreer<strong>de</strong> pollu<strong>en</strong>t<strong>en</strong>: hexachlorob<strong>en</strong>ze<strong>en</strong> ______ 129<br />
2.14. Persist<strong>en</strong>te gechloreer<strong>de</strong> pollu<strong>en</strong>t<strong>en</strong>: diox<strong>in</strong>es <strong>en</strong> diox<strong>in</strong>e-achtige<br />
stoff<strong>en</strong> 133<br />
2.15. Gebromeer<strong>de</strong> vlamvertragers: polygebromeer<strong>de</strong> diph<strong>en</strong>ylethers<br />
(PBDE’s), hexabromocyclodo<strong>de</strong>caan (HBCD) <strong>en</strong> tetrabromobisf<strong>en</strong>ol A<br />
(TBBPA) ___________________________________________________ 138<br />
2.16. Polyaromatische koolwaterstoff<strong>en</strong> (PAK’s) __________________ 145<br />
2.17. Vluchtige organische stoff<strong>en</strong>: b<strong>en</strong>ze<strong>en</strong> ____________________ 150<br />
2.18 Perfluor<strong>de</strong>rivat<strong>en</strong>: perfluoroactaansulfonzuur <strong>en</strong> perfluoro-octaanzuur<br />
154<br />
3. Gezondheidseffect<strong>en</strong> _____________________________________ 158<br />
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