B. A. Part-III Psychology Paper-4 Sem. V Unit-3.P65

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Ë`m MmMUr_Üò g_m{dîQ> Ho$cr OmVmV. CXm. qMVm MmMUr_Üò- (1) nyd©V`mar Ho$ë`mZ§Vahr Vwåhmcm Aèñdr hmoÊ`mMr ^rVr dmQ>Vo H$m? (2) Vwåhr Zoh_r ^yVH$mimVrc KQ>Zm§Mo qMVZ H$aVm H$m? Ago àíZ (H$c_o) Agm{dV. qH$dm g_m`moOZ MmMUr_Üò (1) Vw_À`m _Zm{déÜX N>moQ>r JmoîQ> KS>cr Var Vwåhr Xþ:Ir hmoVm H$m? (2) Vwåhr nQ>H$Z amJmdVm H$m? Aer H$c_o g_m{dîQ> Ho$cr OmVmV. ~è`mMdoim Ame` `WmW©Vm Am{U Xe©Zr `WmW©Vm `m_Üò J\$cV hmoVo, Vr hmody Xody Zò. _wimVM Xe©Zr `WmW©VoMm g§~§Y hm gwg§dmX Am{U gm_m{OH$ g§~§Ymer Amho. EdT>o åhUVm òB©c H$s, Xe©Z `WmW©Vm hr MmMUrMo Ano{jV Ago d¡{eîQ>ç Amho. CXm. Ooìhm _wcm§À`mgmR>r AgUmar MmMUr àm¡T>m§Zm gmoS>{dÊ`mg {Xcr, Voìhm Vo àm¡T> MmMUr gmoS>{dÊ`mg CËgwH$ ZìhVo. H$maU Ë`m§Zm Vr MmMUr Amnë`mgmR>r Amho Ago dmQ>V Zmhr. àm¡T>m§gmR>rÀ`m MmMÊ`m_Üò Ho$di IamoIaMr `WmW©Vm AgyZ nwaogo R>aV Zmhr, Va Vr dmñVd n[apñWVr_Üò n[aUm_H$maH$[aË`m H$m_ H$aÊ`mgmR>r Xe©Zr `WmW©Vm Amho Ago OmUdUo JaOoMo Amho. VaM Vo _ZmnmgyZ MmMUr gmoS>dy cmJVrc. MmMUr {dH$mgmÀ`m gwédmVrÀ`m AdñWo_Üò Xe©Zr `WmW©Vm hr g§H$ënZm dmnacr OmV hmoVr. AmO _mÌ Vr {VVH$ser _hÎdmMr R>aV Zmhr. Xe©Zr `WmW©Vm hr MmMUrVrc "H$c_m§Mr {ZdS> H$aVmZm AJXr àmW{_H$ AdñWo_Üò nm{hcr OmVo. Xe©Zr `WmW©Voda H$m§hrZr g§emoYZhr Ho$coco Amho. Ë`m g§emoYZm_Üò CncãY MmMÊ`m§_Üò Xe©Zr `WmW©Vm {H$Vr Amho? `mH$S>o àW_M cj doYco. Z§Va Ë`mZr Xe©Zr `WmW©VoMo g§»`mË_H$ _yë`_mnZ gwM{dco. MmMUr _°Ý`wAc_Üò Xe©Zr `WmW©Vog§~§Yr XmoÝhr JwUmË_H$, g§»`mË_H$ _m{hVr {Z`{_VnUo {Xcr nm{hOo Aer gyMZm `m g§emoYZm_Üò Ho$cocr Amho. MmMUrÀ`m Iè`m `WmW©VoÀ`m {R>H$mUr Xe©Zr `WmW©VoMm dmna H$YrM H$aVm òV Zmhr. H$maU MmMUrMr Xe©Zr `WmW©Vm dmT>{dcr åhUOo MmMUrMr `WmW©Vm IamoIa gwYmaVo Ago Zmhr. Xe©Zr `WmW©Vm hr Ver _mJo nS>cocr g§H$ënZm Amho. H$maU dñVw{ZîR> ÑpîQ>H$moUmVyZ hr `WmW©Vm Cn`wŠV R>aV Zmhr. Ho$di Xe©Z `WmW©Vm Agoc Va AmnU Ë`m MmMUrcm ~moJg Q>oñQ> Ago åhUVmo. Aem ~moJg MmMÊ`m øm MmMUr {dH$mgm_Üò \$ma _moR>m AS>Wim R>aV AmhoV. \$ŠV BVHo$M åhUVm òB©c H$s Xe©Zr `WmW©Vm n[ajUmWucm MmMUr gmoS>{dÊ`mg ào[aV H$aVo. (~) Ame` `WmW©Vm (Content Validity) :- _mZgemñÌr` MmMÊ`m§À`m {dH$mgm_Üò AJXr gwédmVrÀ`m H$mimV Ame` `WmW©VmM nm{hcr OmV hmoVr. ì`ŠVrZo {d{eîQ> joÌm_Üò {H$Vr g§nmXZ Ho$co Amho? `mÀ`m _yë`_mnZmgmR>r Ame` `WmW©Vm Agcoë`m MmMÊ`m dmnaë`m OmV hmoË`m. gÜ`m hmoUmè`m emim, H$m°coOÀ`m narjm, H$ma S´>m`pìh¨J nadmZm narjm, {d{eîQ> ì`dgm`mgmR>r JwUdÎmm narjm B.gmR>rÀ`m narjm (MmMÊ`m)_Üò Ame` `WmW©VmM cjmV KoVcr OmVo. Xe©Zr `WmW©VoMm g§~§Y \$ŠV MmMÊ`m§À`m _mH}$qQ>JgmR>rM AgVmo. _mÌ Ame` `WmW©Vo_Üò Á`m JwUmMo _mnZ H$amd`mMo Amho Vmo Ame` Ë`mV Amcocm Amho H$s Zmhr ho nm{hco OmVo. Á`mà_mUo AmnUmg 5
òUmè`m nÌmVrc \$ŠV _OHy$a _hÎdmMm AgVmo; Vgo Ame` `WmW©Vo_Üò {d{eîQ> joÌmVrc _m{hVr (Ame`) `mda AmYm[aV _yë`_mnZ Ho$co OmVo. Ame` `WmW©Vo_Üò dU©ZmË_H$ ÑpîQ>H$moU _hÎdmMm AgVmo. AmOhr MmMÊ`m {dH${gV H$aVmZm aMZm `WmW©Vo~amo~aM Ame` `WmW©Vmhr Vnmgcr OmV Amho. "Á`m JwUmÀ`m _mnZmgmR>r MmMUr {dH${gV Ho$cr Amho Ë`m JwUmVrc Ame` (_m{hVr) {H$Vr à_mUmV Ë`m MmMUr_Üò Amcocr Amho, Ë`m à_mUmÀ`m {ZX}em§H$mg Ame` `WmW©Vm Ago åhUVmV.' Ame` `WmW©Vo_Üò _mnZ H$arV Agcoë`m dV©Z ^mJmVrc gd©M Ame` "àm{V{Z{YH$ Z_wZm' `m ê$nmZo `m MmMUr Ame`m_Üò Amcocm Amho H$m? {d{eîQ> H$m¡eë` qH$dm Aä`mgH«$_ `mda {H$Vr à_mUmV à^wËd {_i{dco Amho? ho _mnZ Ho$co OmVo. g§nmXZ MmMÊ`m {deofH$ê$Z e¡j{UH$ g§nmXZ MmMÊ`m (àíZn{ÌH$m) _Üò Ame` `WmW©Vm cjmV KoVcr OmVo. Ame` `WmW©Vm _mnZ H$aUo dmQ>Vo {VVHo$ gmono Zmhr. Ame` `WmW©VogmR>r `mo½` MmMUr H$c_m§Mm Z_wZm V`ma H$amdm cmJVmo. Á`m dV©Z ^mJmMo ({df`mMo) _mnZ H$amd`mMo Amho Ë`mVrc ~hþVoH$ _w»` ^mJ `mo½` Ë`m à_mUmV MmMUr H$c_m_Üò Amcocm Amho H$s Zmhr `m~m~V ì`dpñWV {dícofU H$ê$Z ImÌr H$ê$Z KoVcr nm{hOo. CXm. EImÚm {df`mVrc EImÚm àH$aUmda Oa OmñV dñVw{ZîR> àíZ {ZKV AgVrc Va AmnmoAmnM Ë`mda OmñV àíZ n[ajo_Üò {dMmaco OmVmV. ho Ame` `WmW©Vocm Yê$Z hmoV Zmhr. MmMUr (àíZn{ÌH$m) V`ma H$aÊ`mnyduM Ë`m {df`mMm g§nyU© Ame` cjmV ¿`md`mg hdm, MmMUr V`ma Ho$ë`mZ§Va Zìho. WmoS>Š`mV, Ame`mMm ì`mnH$ AW© cjmV KodyZ Ë`m {df`mMr _w»` C{ÔîQ>ço, dmnacocr VËdo, _m{hVrMm AW©~moY, VgoM dmñVd kmZ B. Mm g_mdoe Ame`m_Üò Ho$cm nm{hOo. Ame` `WmW©Vm hr dadaÀ`m (Xe©Zr) MmMUr-H$c_ Ame`mda Adc§~yZ ZgVo; Va Vr ì`ŠVrÀ`m Ë`m {df`mcm AZwgê$Z {Xcoë`m Iè`m à{V{H«$òda Adc§~yZ AgVo. MmMUr-JwUm§H$m_Üò BVa Ag§~§{YV KQ>H$m§Mm g_mdoe Ho$cm OmVmo; ho Ame` `WmW©VogmR>r Q>mico nm{hOo. CXm. àíZn{ÌHo$_Üò gai-àíZ {dMmaco nm{hOoV; àíZ g§{X½Y Agy ZòV. Ame` `WmW©Vm AmUÊ`mgmR>r EHy$UM Ë`m JwUm_Üò H$m`-H$m` òVo? òdy eH$Vo? ho Aä`mgyZ `mo½` Aem MmMUr H$c_m§Mr {ZdS> Ho$cr OmVo. CXm. e¡j{UH$ g§nmXZ MmMÊ`m åhUOoM narjoÀ`m àíZn{ÌH$m V`ma (goQ>) H$aVmZm g§~§{YV {df`mMm Aä`mgH«$_ Am{U nmR>çnwñVH$ `m§Mm gImoc d ì`dpñWV Aä`mg Ho$cm OmVmo. VgoM Ë`m {df`mVrc VÁkm§Mm gëcmhr KoVcm OmVmo. Z§VaM Jmoim Ho$coë`m _m{hVrdê$Z àíZn{ÌH$m H$mT>cr OmVo. åhUyZM Aä`mgH«$_m~mhoaMo àíZ {dMmaco OmV ZmhrV. EdT>oM Zìho Va n[ajH$m§Zm nona VnmgÊ`mgmR>r Z_wZm CÎman{ÌH$mhr nwa{dcr OmV Amho Vo Ame` `WmW©Vm dmT>{dÊ`mgmR>rM hmo`. ZmoH$ar, ZmoH$a-{ZdS> d dJuH$aUmgmR>r {dH${gV Ho$coë`m H$m§hr ì`mdgm{`H$ MmMÊ`m§À`m ~m~VrV Ame` `WmW©Vm Cn`wŠV R>aVo. dmñVd, Iam "H$m`©-Z_wZm' KodyZ Ë`m AmYmao MmMUr {dH${gV Ho$cr Agoc Va Ame` `WmW©Vm g_mYmZH$maH$ AmT>iVo. `mo½`Vm d ì`pŠV_Îd MmMÊ`m~m~V Ame` `WmW©Vm dmnaUo A`mo½` Am{U MwH$sMm AW© H$T>Umao R>aVo. H$moUË`mhr MmMUrÀ`m gwédmVrÀ`m AdñWo_Üò Ame` 6
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Page 3 and 4: 1850 gmcr hoë_hmoëQ²>g² `m§Zr
Page 5 and 6: VŠVm H«$. 3.1 doXZ àH$ma à{V{H
Page 7 and 8: B) CÔrnH$mVrc n[adV©Z :- à{V{H«
Page 9 and 10: H$irda R>odcoco ~moQ> CMcm`Mo Amho.
Page 11 and 12: ì`m»`m :- ""AZw^d Am{U gamd `m§
Page 13 and 14: (2) H$mhr H¥$Vr {d{eîQ> ñZm`wnwa
Page 15 and 16: H$maU doJdoJiçm ì`ŠVtMr nydm©Zw
Page 17 and 18: {dH${gV hmoV OmVo. hr j_Vm XrK©H$m
Page 19 and 20: 3.4.3. ñd`§ AÜ``ZmgmR>r àíZ -
Page 21 and 22: 3.8 A{YH$ dmMZmgmR>r nwñVHo$ 1. "
Page 23 and 24: Zmo~oc nm[aVmo{fH$ {dOoVo H$moZa°S
Page 25 and 26: ~r. E. ^mJ-3 : _mZgemñÌ nona 6 (O
Page 27 and 28: (H$) J^m©dñWoer g§~§{YV _Ú g§
Page 29 and 30: ñdmÜ`m` (A) H§$gmVrc `mo½` n`m
Page 31 and 32: 4.1 C{ÔîQ>ço `m KQ>H$mÀ`m Aä`m
Page 33: `WmW©VoMo àH$ma (Types of Validit
Page 37 and 38: OmVo. `mMm AW© _wcmgmR>r 21 ddf} d
Page 39 and 40: H$aÊ`mMr nmÌVm AgUo Amdí`H$ R>aV
Page 41 and 42: Ë`mM MmMUrMr ~m§YUr {H$Vr à_mUmV
Page 43 and 44: `WmW©Vm {ZpíMV H$aVmZm Am§V[aH$
Page 45 and 46: 5. daH$aUr MmMUr H$moUË`m JwUmMo _
Page 47 and 48: 5.0 C{ÔîQ>ço 5.1 àñVmdZm 5.2 {
Page 49 and 50: 1. n{hcm JQ> åhUOo ì`ŠVrZo Ë`m
Page 51 and 52: 2. 1908 Mr ~rZo-gm`_Z MmMUr (Binet-
Page 53 and 54: A_o[aHo$Vrc MmMÊ`m§_YyZ Am{U 27 H
Page 55 and 56: ñQ>°Z\$moS>©-~rZo 1960 :- _o[ac
Page 57 and 58: `m AJmoXaÀ`m Amd¥Î`m_Üò MmMUr
Page 59 and 60: g_mOmMm AmH$ma, d§e, g_yh Am{U qcJ
Page 61 and 62: 1. Am§V[aH$ ghg§~§Y Am{U JwUm§H
Page 63 and 64: ~w{Õ_Îmm MmMUr-3 _Üò `mV empãX
Page 65 and 66: òVmV. Z§Va \$ŠV A§H$ XmIdcm OmV
Page 67 and 68: n`m©`r MmMUr Amho. à{H«$`m JVr B
Page 69 and 70: ñQ>°Z\$moS>© ~rZo-IV Am{U doíca
Page 71 and 72: 7.1 C{ÔîQ>ço 7.2 àmñVm{dH$ 7.3
Page 73 and 74: 7.3.1.1. (A) E_.E_.nr.Am`.-2 (M.M.P
Page 75 and 76: OmUrd (Health Concerns / HEA), g_mO
Page 77 and 78: MmMUrMo F, F 1 d F 2 MmMÊ`m Ago 3
Page 79 and 80: 1. MoVmnX{eVm/Zg{dH¥$VVm (Neurotic
Page 81 and 82: (iv) Actions (O 4 ) H¥$VràdUVm. (
Page 83 and 84: Am§V[aH$ ^mdZm§darc AdYmZ H|${ÐV
Page 85 and 86:
_mnZmÀ`m joÌm_Üò Iyn _moR>çm
Page 87 and 88:
~r. E. ^mJ-3 : _mZgemñÌ nona 7 (O
Page 89 and 90:
Xmof H$_r H$aÊ`mgmR>r àËòH$ S>m
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B. A. Part-III Psychology Paper-4 Sem. V Unit-3.P65

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