Dissertação Daniel Brinckmann Teixeira - Unisc

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ABSTRACT
The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of addition of industrial waste as a
secondary raw material to obtain ceramic parts with specific properties. The industrial waste
used in this work was powder generated in different stages of a tobacco processing industry
localized in Santa Cruz do Sul, RS, Brazil. The clay used as ceramic matrix came from an
open pit mining located in city of Candelaria, RS, Brazil. The residue and clay used in study
were characterized for their both chemical and mineralogical composition and particle size
distribution. Ceramics specimens were subjected to firing temperatures of 950 ºC, 1050 ºC
and 1150 ºC at heating rate of 150 ºC/h and using a plateau burning of eight hours. After
firing, the ceramic samples were characterized according to their technological performance,
i.e., their physical (linear shrinkage, water absorption and apparent porosity) and mechanical
properties (compression strength under 4-point bending test). The environmental performance
of these material were also evaluated assessing the concentration of hazardous elements after
leaching tests according to ABNT NBR 10005 and solubilisation test (ABNT NBR 10006).
From technological viewpoint the prepared samples behaved as traditional ceramics. The
results also showed that increasing firing temperature reduce water absorption, apparent
porosity and increase the linear shrinkage of the tested ceramics samples. In relation to the
environmental performance the ceramic samples do not lixiviated any element, considered by
the ABNT NBR 10005, to classify it a Class I – hazardous waste. Using solubilisation test
according to ABNT NBR 10006, the ceramic specimens produced with the addition of 10%
(w/w) residue, and burned at temperatures of 950 ºC and 1150 ºC were rated as Class II A –
not inert waste, indicating that elements of added waste can be solubilised of the ceramic
structure. The ceramic specimens containing 10% (w/w) residue, and subjected to the firing
temperature 1050 ºC, were classified as Class II B – inert residue. According to the results
obtained in this work, addition of tobacco powder to a ceramic matrix proved to be feasible in
terms of technological and environmental point of view, since be respected the suggested
residue concentration and observing the indicated process parameters (temperature and firing
level) in this work.
KEYS WORD: Residue, tobacco, aggregation, clay, ceramics.